译林版七年级下英语各单元知识归纳

同学们，七年级下册的英语学习之旅充满了新的挑战与乐趣。为了帮助大家更好地掌握各单元的核心知识，夯实基础，提升语言运用能力，下面我将对各单元的重点内容进行梳理与归纳。这份归纳力求简洁明了，突出实用，希望能成为大家学习路上的得力助手。第一单元：《Thisisme!》本单元主要围绕“认识自我与他人”展开，核心在于运用所学词汇和句型进行简单的自我介绍、描述他人外貌及性格，并初步涉及能力的表达。核心词汇*外貌描述：tall,short,slim,strong,good-looking,glasses,hair(long,short,straight,curly)*性格描述：happy,sad,kind,helpful,polite,friendly,funny,quiet*能力表达：can,can't(sing,dance,swim,draw,playbasketball/football)*其他：master,student,grade,classmate,hobby,begoodat重点短语*begladtodosth.很高兴做某事*lookafter照顾*inGradeSeven在七年级*begoodat(doing)sth.擅长（做）某事*let's+动词原形让我们...*playfootball/basketball踢足球/打篮球关键句型1.Thisis.../Theseare...这是.../这些是...2.He/Sheis.../Theyare...他/她是.../他们是...3.What'she/shelike?他/她是什么样的人？（询问性格或外貌）4.He/Shehas...(hair/eyes)他/她有...（头发/眼睛）5.Canyou...?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.你会...吗？是的，我会。/不，我不会。6.Ican(not)...我会/不会...语法聚焦1.be动词的一般现在时：am,is,are的用法。*Iam...*He/She/Itis...*You/We/Theyare...2.情态动词can/can't：表示能力。*肯定句：主语+can+动词原形+...*否定句：主语+can't+动词原形+...*一般疑问句：Can+主语+动词原形+...?（肯定回答：Yes,...can.否定回答：No,...can't.）话题与功能*介绍自己和他人(Introduceoneselfandothers)*描述人物外貌和性格(Describepeople'sappearanceandpersonality)*谈论能力(Talkaboutabilities)第二单元：《Neighbours》本单元将我们的视线引向居住的社区和邻里之间，学习如何谈论居住环境、社区设施以及邻里互助。核心词汇*居住相关：neighbourhood,town,city,country,home,house,flat,street,road*社区设施：shop,supermarket,hospital,school,park,bank,restaurant,cinema*职业：doctor,nurse,teacher,student,worker,farmer,driver,cook,policeman,fireman*动作与帮助：help,dosomeshopping,cook,clean,read,play,chat,visit重点短语*livein...居住在...*nextto...在...隔壁*infrontof...在...前面*behind...在...后面*ontheleft/right(of...)在（...的）左边/右边*goshopping去购物*helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事*dosomecleaning打扫卫生*haveagoodtime玩得开心*kindto...对...友好关键句型1.Wheredoyoulive?Iliveina.../ona...2.What'syourneighbourhoodlike?It's...(quiet/busy/nice...)3.Arethereany...(shops)nearyourhome?Yes,thereare./No,therearen't.4.Whatdoesyourfather/motherdo?He/Sheisa...5.I'mgoingto...(helphim/her).6.She/Heoftenhelpsme(with...).语法聚焦1.Therebe句型：表示“某地有某物/某人”。*肯定句：Thereis(a/an)+单数名词/不可数名词+...Thereare+复数名词+...*否定句：Thereisn't/aren't...*一般疑问句：Isthere...?/Arethere...?（肯定回答：Yes,thereis/are.否定回答：No,thereisn't/aren't.）2.方位介词：in,on,under,behind,infrontof,nextto,between...and...3.一般现在时（第三人称单数）：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词的变化。*通常加-s:works,lives,helps*以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-es:watches,washes*以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加-es:studies,flies话题与功能*谈论居住地点和环境(Talkaboutlivingplacesandenvironment)*谈论职业(Talkaboutjobs)*表达帮助和感谢(Expresshelpandgratitude)第三单元：《Schoollife》校园生活是同学们最为熟悉的话题，本单元将深入探讨学校生活的方方面面，包括课程、学校设施、校园活动以及比较不同的学校生活。核心词汇*学校设施：school,classroom,library,playground,hall,lab(laboratory),office,dininghall*学习用品与动作：book,pen,pencil,notebook,desk,chair,read,write,listen,speak,study,learn,discuss,play*活动与时间：activity,lesson,class,break,lunchtime,morning,afternoon,evening,start,finish,first,then,next,finally重点短语*onweekdays在工作日*getup起床*gotoschool去上学*havelessons上课*inthemorning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上*havebreakfast/lunch/dinner吃早/午/晚饭*afterschool放学后*playsports进行体育运动*talkwith/tosb.和某人交谈*between...and...在...和...之间*from...to...从...到...关键句型1.Whattimedoyouusuallygetup?Iusuallygetupat...2.Whendoesyourschoolstart?Itstartsat...3.WhatlessonsdoyouhaveonMonday?Wehave...4.Myfavouritesubjectis...becauseit's...(interesting/useful...)5.Ispend...(time)on...(subject)./Ispend...(time)(in)doingsth.6.Howoftendoyou...?I...(twiceaweek/everyday...).7.Myschoollifeisdifferentfrom...语法聚焦1.时间表达法：*整点：...o'clock*几点几分：直接表达(fiveten)或分钟+past/to+小时(tenpastfive,twentytosix)2.一般现在时的频率副词：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never的用法，通常放在实义动词之前，be动词、情态动词之后。3.Howlong/Howoften引导的特殊疑问句：*Howlong...?询问时间长度或物体长度。*Howoften...?询问动作发生的频率。4.动词不定式作宾语：wanttodosth.,wouldliketodosth.,needtodosth.话题与功能*谈论日常作息和学校生活(Talkaboutdailyroutinesandschoollife)*询问和表达时间(Askaboutandtelltime)*讨论喜欢的科目及原因(Discussfavouritesubjectsandreasons)第四单元：《Food》“民以食为天”，本单元围绕“食物”这一永恒话题，学习各类食物名称、饮食习惯、点餐用语以及健康饮食的重要性。核心词汇*食物种类：rice,noodles,bread,meat,fish,chicken,pork,beef,egg,milk,fruit,vegetable,apple,banana,orange,grape,watermelon,tomato,potato,carrot,cabbage,onion*饮料：water,juice,tea,coffee,milk,cola*餐具与味道：bowl,plate,spoon,chopsticks,knife,fork,delicious,tasty,sweet,sour,salty,hot,fresh*烹饪与动作：cook,eat,drink,have,take,buy,make,wash,cut,fry,boil,taste重点短语*aglassof...一杯...*acupof...一杯...*abowlof...一碗...*aplateof...一盘...*wouldlike(todo)sth.想要（做）某事*takeorder点餐*eatout出去吃*begoodfor...对...有益*bebadfor...对...有害*havebreakfast/lunch/dinner吃早/午/晚饭*plentyof大量的，充足的*keepfit/healthy保持健康关键句型1.Whatwouldyouliketoeat/drink?I'dlikesome.../I'dliketoeat/drink...2.Wouldyoulikesome...?Yes,please./No,thanks.3.Whatdoyouhaveforbreakfast?Ihave...4.Doyoulike...?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.Ilike...5.Howmuchisit?It's...yuan.6.Eating...isgoodforus./Weshouldeat...语法聚焦1.可数名词与不可数名词：*可数名词有单复数形式：anapple,apples;atomato,tomatoes(特殊变化)*不可数名词没有复数形式，表达数量时需用"a+量词+of"：abagofrice,twobottlesofjuice2.some与any：*some用于肯定句和表示请求、建议的疑问句中。*any用于否定句和一般疑问句中。3.Howmuch...?/Howmany...?：*Howmuch+不可数名词...?询问数量或价格。*Howmany+可数名词复数...?询问数量。4.情态动词should/shouldn't：表示“应该”或“不应该”，用于给出建议。*Youshouldeatmorevegetables.*Youshouldn'tdrinktoomuchcola.话题与功能*谈论食物喜好(Talkaboutfoodpreferences)*点餐和提供食物(Orderfoodandofferfood)*谈论日常饮食(Talkaboutdailydiet)*讨论健康饮食(Discusshealthyeating)第五单元：《Shopping》购物是日常生活中不可或缺的活动，本单元将学习购物相关的词汇、询问价格、描述物品特征以及表达购物意愿。核心词汇*购物场所：shop,supermarket,shoppingmall,bookstore,clothesshop,shoeshop,toyshop,market*衣物鞋帽：T-shirt,shirt,sweater,coat,jacket,dress,skirt,trousers,jeans,shoes,socks,hat,cap,gloves*物品与颜色：thing,book,pen,bag,watch,toy,ball,colour,red,yellow,blue,green,black,white,brown,pink,purple*动作与支付：buy,sell,want,need,lookfor,find,tryon,take,pay,spend,cost,money,yuan,dollar重点短语*goshopping去购物*wanttobuy...想买...*lookfor...寻找...*tryon试穿*howmuch多少钱*thispairof...这双/条...*whatsize什么尺码*hereyouare给你*thankyouallthesame仍然感谢你*onsale廉价出售关键句型1.CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?I'dliketobuy.../Iwant...2.Howmuchisit/arethey?It's/They're...yuan.3.Whatcolourdoyoulike?Ilike...4.Whatsizedoyoutake?Itakesize...5.Thisshirtistoobig/small/long/short.6.Doyouhaveanyother...?7.I'lltakeit/them.语法聚焦1.指示代词this,that,these,those：*this(这个)/that(那个)+单数名词*these(这些)/those(那些)+复数名词*回答时用it代替this/that，用they代替these/those。2.人称代词的宾格：me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them。用于动词或介词后作宾语。*例如：helpme,lookather,giveittothem.3.形容词的基本用法：形容词修饰名词，放在名词之前。*aredapple,somenewbooks,myfavouritetoy.话题与功能*询问和提供购物帮助(Askforandoffershoppinghelp)*询问价格、颜色和尺码(Askaboutprice,colourandsize)*表达对物品的看法(Expressopinionsaboutthings)第六单元：《Pets》可爱的宠物是许多人的好伙伴，本单元将带领大家认识常见的宠物，学习如何描述宠物的外貌、习性，并讨论养宠物的责任与乐趣。核心词汇*宠物名称：dog,cat,bird,fish,rabbit,hamster,parrot,goldfish,tortoise*动物特征：cute,lovely,small,big,fat,thin,long,short,tail,ear,eye,nose,mouth,paw,fur,feather,wing*动作与习性：run,jump,swim,fly,walk,eat,drink,sleep,play,catch,like,love,hate,can,cannot*情感与照料：love,like,cute,lovely,clever,friendly,feed,give,wash,clean,takecareof,lookafter重点短语*looklike看起来像...*playwith...和...一起玩*runafter...追逐...*likedoingsth./liketodosth.喜欢做某事*wanttodosth.想要做某事*let'sdosth.让我们做某事吧*takecareof...照顾...*alotof...许多...*inthegarden