甘肃省天水市一中2020-2021学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题

2/2天水一中高二级2019-2020学年度第一学期开学检测英语试题（满分：100分时间：90分钟）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）__________adairyeverydayandyou’llimproveyourwriting.KeepingB.TokeepC.KeepD.IfyoukeepItwasnotuntilshegothome__________Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.whenB.thatC.whereD.beforeIreallydon’tknow____________Ihadmymoneystolen.whenwasitthatC.thatitwaswhenWhereitwasthatD.itwaswherethatHeisreallyatoughmanto___________.dowithB.dealwithC.getintoD.makeupHewasdeterminedtogiveupsmokingand_________theremainingcigarettes.threwawayB.gaveawayC.gotawayD.ranawayIvisitedagreatmanyplacesofinterestduringmysummerholiday,________theGreatWall.IncludingB.includedC.includeD.toinclude___________bybeautifulgreenmountainsandlocatedatthefootofLushanMountainmakesitafamoustouristattraction.SurroundedB.BeingsurroundedHavingbeensurroundedD.SurroundingWhenTonycametohimself,hefoundhimself____________toabigpoleinadarkhouse.tyingB.tieC.tiedD.tobetiedInthedreamPetersawhimself_____________byafiercewolf,andhewokesuddenlywithafright.chasedB.tobechasedC.bechasedD.havingbeenchasedJohnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork____________,hegladlyacceptedit.finishedB.finishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinishedAlargenumberofvillagersremained____________onthetopofthemountainduetotheheavyflood.stickingB.stuckC.tobestuckD.tohavestuck___________niceanddelicious,thefriedchickenwassoonsoldout.TastedB.BeingtastedC.TastingD.TotasteWhydidyoutakenonoticeofme?Oh,____________inabook,Ididn’tnoticeyougetintomyroom.LostB.losingC.beinglostD.tobelostAfterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,___________.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhaustedHedenied___________moneybutwewereskeptical.takenB.takingC.totakeD.take二、阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AATourtoSaintPeterburgEveryoneiswelcometojoinustopayavisittoPetersburg,whichwasiRussia'scapitalforovertwocenturies!DAY1:Todayyou'llstartwiththeKunstkamera,Russia'sfirstmuseum,completedin1727.Thenyou'llexploretheStateHermitageMuseum.Intheafternoon,you'lltraveltoPushkin,whereVavilovsetuphisexperimentaliseedbankin1920thatchangedthefaceofagriculturalscienceandgenetics.DAY2:Todayyou'llvisittheAll-RussianResearchInstituteofPlantIndustry,establishedin1921byVavilovandhousingtheworld'slargestseedbank.Fromhere,you'lltakeashortwalkovertoVasilyevskyIsland,whereV.V.Dokuchaev,who'sregardedasthefatherofsoilscience,setuphisCentralMuseumofSoilin1902tocollectandstudysoilfromallpointsoftheglobe.DAY3:Todayyou'llstartwithafocusontheworkofphysiologistIvanPavlov.ThefirsttwositesarehisapartmentandthentheInstituteofPhysiologynamedafterhim.Nextyou'llvisittheMuseumofHygiene,originallyintendedtoeducatepeopleaboutgoodhealth.ThefinaldestinationistotheZoologicalMuseum,whichholdsalargenaturalhistorycollectiondatingbackto1716.DAY4:TodaystartswiththeScientificCentreforRoboticsandTechnicalCybernetics,aleadingresearchinstituteinRussia.ThefinalvisitistothegrandStateRussianMuseum,anauthoritativeinstituteofacademicresearch.WhenwillyouvisitthemuseumwiththelongesthistoryinRussia?OnDay1B.OnDAY2.C.OnDAYD.OnDAY4.Onwhichdayisthelargestnumberofscenicspotsarranged?Day4.B.Day3.C.Day2.D.Day1.Whatcanyoubenefitfromthetour?A.DevelopingyourinterestinRussianart.B.GettingexposedtocolorfulRussiancultures.C.Appreciatingthenaturalbeautyofthecity.D.LearningaboutthehistoryofRussianscience.BWhenIwassix,Iusedtointroducemyselfbystatingmynameandmyfuturecareergoalofbecomingaveterinarian(兽医).However,myjourneytovetschoolhasbeensomewhatunconventionaltosaytheleast.AfterastruggleformyfreshmanyearatMSU,Idecidedtoputoffmycollegeeducationandjointhearmy.ItwastherethatImetmyhusband.Andaftereightyearsofservice,Ileftthearmytoraiseourchildrenfull-time.IeventuallymadeitbacktoMSU,whereIgraduatedwithaBAincriminaljusticein2005.Thesummerbeforeouryoungestchildstartedkindergarten,myhusbandandItalkedaboutwhatcareerIwantedtopursue.Webrainstormedvariouscareerswithinthecriminaljusticefield,yetnonewereappealingMyhusbandfinallyaskedmewhatcareerI'dchooseoutsidemydegreefield.Isaidveterinarymedicine.Hetoldmetogoforit,towhichIsaidyes.Afteryearsofrequiredcoursesandoneapplicationcycle,IwasacceptedtoMSU'sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine.Iwasexcitedandthenpanicsetinalmostimmediately.WhatifI'mtoooldforthis?HowwillImanagekids,vetschoolandlife?Iworriedaboutmakingfriendswithpeoplehalfmyageandhavingnotimetoexploreactivitiesoutsideofvetschool.Thesefears,whilereal,wereunfounded.I'vebondedwithacoregroupofwomenwhoarehelpful.Manyclassmatesandprofessorshavegivenmepraiseforchoosing,asecondcareerwhileraisingafamily.I'veservedonexecutiveboards(董事会)ofseveralvetclubsandorganizations,takentripstoconferencesoutofstateandhadaregularjobintheMSUVeterinaryMedicalCenter.There'rethingsI'vemissedout,butIcan'tdoeverything,soIfocusonthemostimportantexperience.Whatmadetheauthordirectlydecidetoapplytovetschool?A.Herpersonalchildhooddream.B.Herhusband'sencouragement.C.HerlearningexperienceatMSU.D.Herdislikeforcriminaljustice.20.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor'spresentsituationfromthelastparagraph?A.Sheoftentravelsonbusiness.B.Sheisworkingasagoodvet.C.Sheislivingabusysociallife. D.Shehasasuccessfulschoollife.21.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor?A.Careaboutourfamilyandlistentothemcarefully.B.Followourheartandholdontoourdreams.C.Bringinjuredanimalshometoraisethem.D.Keepmotivatedtoliveameaningfullife.CIt'sneverbeeneasierfortheaveragestudenttofindtheanswertoatoughhomeworkquestion.AquickGooglesearchwillprovideaccurateinsightintoanyquestionsthesedays.Isinstantaccesstoanypieceofinformationactuallyconducivetolearning,though?Basedontestscores,itdoesn'tlooklikeit.AnewstudyfromRutgersUniversityfindsthatsmartphonesandeasyaccesstotheInternetareharmingmodernstudents'memoryofinformationinthelongrun,resultinginlowergrades.Researchersnotethatstudentswhousuallyreceivehighmarksonhomeworkassignments,butlowertestgradesaremuchmorelikelytousetheInternetforanswerswhilecompletingtheirhomework.Consideringthesefindings,thestudy'sauthorsarequestioningthevalidityofhomeworkasausefullearningtool."Whenastudentdoeshomeworkbylookinguptheanswers,theyusuallyfindthecorrectanswer,resultinginahighscoreontheassignment,"saystheleadstudyauthorArnoldGlass."However,whenstudentsdothat,theyrapidlyforgetboththequestionandanswer.Consequently,theytransformhomeworkfromwhathasbeen,untilnow,ausefulexerciseintoameaninglesstaskthatdoesnothelpinpreparingforexams."Inall,2,433studentstookpartinthisstudyoveran1l-yearperiod.Thestatisticsofhomeworkandtestscoresin2008and2017showhowmuchthingshavechanged.In2008,only14%ofstudentsscoredloweronteststhanhomeworkassignments.By2017,thatpercentagejumpsuptoanastonishing55%.AccordingtoProfessorGlass,homeworkquestionsaresupposedtobeansweredwithoutthehelpofoutsidesources.Studentsshouldreadthequestion,thinkaboutitandanswertothebestoftheirability.“Ifthestudentdoesthisfirstandthenfindsthecorrectansweronline,thestudentislikelytolookupanswersonlineagain,whichwillhaveasignificantlong-termeffectonexamperformance,"heconcludes.Whatisthenewstudymainlyabout?Thelearningbehaviorofstudents.B.Thefunctionsofmobilephones.C.TheharmoftheInternet.D.Theuseofhomework.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"validity"?Effect.B.Content.C.Possibility.D.Motivation.Howdoestheauthorexplaintheimpactofsmartphonesonstudents'grades?A.Bytakingafewspecificexamples.B.Byquotingsomeexperts'opinions.C.Bycomparingsomecollecteddata.D.Byexplainingtheresearchindetail.25.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MobilephonesaddictsgetlowergradesB.ThekeytogoodacademicperformanceC.MindthethreatsoftechnologytorelationshipD.Stopusingdigitaldevicesforyourhomework第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。Socialintelligenceisdefinedastheabilitytounderstandandmanagemenandwomen,boysandgirls,toactwiselyinhumanrelations.26._______Instead,itinvolvesasetofskillsthatanindividuallearnsovertime.Whilesomepeoplemayseemtodevelopsocialintelligencewithoutreallytrying,othershavetoworktodevelopit.27._______Forexample,paycloseattentiontoyoursurroundings.Sociallyintelligentpeopleareobservantandpayattentiontosubtle(微妙的)socialcuesfromthosearoundthem.Ifyouthinkthatsomeoneinyourlifehasstrongpeopleskills,watchhowtheyinteractwithothers.28._______Althoughmostpeoplelearnpeopleskillsfromtheirfamily,friendsandthecommunityaroundthem,asociallyintelligentpersonunderstandsthatothersmighthavedifferentresponsesandcustomsbasedontheirupbringing.Practiceactivelistening.Developyoursocialintelligencebyworkingonyourcommunicationskills,whichrequiresactivelistening.Don'tinterrupt.29._______Listentotheinflections(音调变化)inwhatotherssay,whichcangiveyoucluestowhattheyreallymean.Appreciatetheimportantpeopleinyourlife.30._______Payattentiontotheemotionsofyourspouseandchildren,friends,co-workers,andotherpeers.Ifyouignoretheclosestpeopleinyourlife,you'remissingthecuesonhowtoconnectwiththem.A.Learntocontrolnegativefeelings.B.Nooneisbornsociallyintelligent.C.Rememberpeoplethatallowthedialoguetobemoremeaningful.D.Luckily,certainstrategiescanhelpapersontobuildsocialskills.E.Taketimetothinkaboutwhatsomeoneelseissayingbeforeyourespond.F.Respectculturaldifferencessothatyouareabletounderstandpeoplebetter.G.Sociallyintelligentpeoplehavedeeprelationshipswithpeoplewhoaremeaningfultothem.三、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onehotdayinlatesummer,Iwasworkinginalocallumbermill(锯木厂).Itwastiringworkthat___31___verylittle.IntheyearIhadworkedthere,onlyfourotherpeoplehadn't___32___.Thoseofuswhostayeddidsoonly___33___therewasnootherworktofindtosupportourfamilies.Onthisday,thefansweren't___34___andallofuswerecoveredinsweat.WhenIlookedaround,everyfaceIsawlookedangryand___35___Suddenly,avoicecalledout:"Hey!There'sadeerhere."Alostlittledeerhad___36___throughtheopenbaydoorsandwascowering(缩)inbetweenthehugepilesoflumber.Allofuswentlookingforherassheranaround___37___lookingforawayout.Allofusweresoonquicklyworkingtogetherto__38___thislittledeer.Byblockingoffalltheother___39___wewereabletoguideher___40__backtotheopenbaydoors.Wewatchedasshejumpedoutthebuildingandbackintothe___41___.Thenwewalkedbackintowork.Inoticedsomething,___42__.Oneveryfacetherewasa___43___smile.Itwasasifthisonesingleactof___44___hadenergizedusagainand__45___usofwhatlifeisallabout.ParkerPalmeroncewrote,"Committingactsofkindnessshowsusthe___46___thatwehaveoverourselvesandourchoices,andoverwhetherthisworldisacruelor___47___placetolive."Iwould___48___thattheyalsobringus__49__tolove.Fromsharingasmileto__50__alostlittledeer,kindnesscanbecomeawayoflifeforusall.A.changed B.paid C.produced D.rewardedA.quit B.complained C.rested D.movedA.while B.unless C.because D.ifA.cycling B.shaking C.lasting D.workingA.impatient B.amused C.excited D.surprisedA.fallen B.slipped C.wandered D.brokenA.breathlessly B.quickly C.carelessly D.anxiouslyA.calm B.free C.catch D.trapA.routes B.voices C.windows D.streetsA.view B.lead C.search D.pushA.source B.woods C.fields D.desertA.indeed B.already C.still D.thoughA.joyful B.shy C.quiet D.honestA.unselfishness B.bravery C.kindness D.generosityA.cured B.reminded C.warned D.informedA.faith B.intention C.interest D.powerA.wonderful B.common C.special D.strangeA.agree B.argue C.add D.mentionA.similar B.blind C.relative D.closerA.removing B.rescuing C.feeding D.frightening第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）四、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Artificialintelligence(Al),sometimes___51___(know)asmachineintelligence,referstotheabilityofcomputerstoperformhuman-likeskillsincludinglearning,problem-solving,decision-making,andspeechandlanguage.EarlyAlsystemshad___52___abilitytodefeataworldchesschampion,mapstreetsandcomposemusic.Thankstomore___53___(advance)algorithms(算法),datavolumes,andcomputerpowerandstorage,Alexpandedtoincludemorecomplicatedapplications,suchasself-drivingcarsand"personalassistants"likeSiriandAlexa.Today,medicalresearchers__54__(use)Altodeveloptechnologythatwilldetectarangeofdiseasesand__55__(simple)manymedicalmethods.Artificialintelligenceusedtodayisconsidered"weakAl",becauseitis__56__(general)designedtoperformjustoneortwospecifictasksaswellas,andoften__57__(well)thanhumans.Atthispoint,however,thecontroversialfutureofAlresearchincludesideasaboutdeveloping"strongAl"orasuper-intelligence,__58__thepotentialtoperformmanytasks.AIsafetyresearchisanimportanttopicforsomescientists__59__areconcernedaboutpotentialdangersifsuchadvancedtechnologygetsintothewronghands,althoughothersstill