2025-2026学年辽宁省某中学高二上学期12月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJointheGoldenGateNationalParksVolunteerProgramtokeeptheparksecologicallyhealthyandwelcomingforvisitors!Keytasksincluderemovingharmfulplants,collectingnativeseedsforfutureplantingandclearinglitteredremains.You’llplayakeyroleinsupportinghabitatrestoration,trailmaintenance,andlandscapecareacrossthreeiconiclocations:GoldenGateNationalRecreationArea,MuirWoodsNationalMonument,andFortPointNationalHistoricSite.●Groups&TimeCommitmentGroupsof10ormorearewelcomebutshouldinformthevolunteeroffice3daysinadvance.Thishelpsstaffprepareenoughtoolsandassigntasksmoreefficiently.Eachvolunteershiftlasts2-8hoursperday,withaweeklymaximumof40hourstobalanceworkandrest.Westicktotheschedulerainorshine,socomereadyforchangingweather.●Age,Skills&WhattoBringAge:Mostprojectsrequirevolunteerstobeatleast14yearsold,whiletrailrepairtasksneedparticipantsaged16+.Specificswillbesharedwhenyousignupforashift.Skills:Nopriorexperienceisneeded!Weprovidealltraining,toolsandon-siteleadershiptoguideyouthrougheachtask.Items:Bringclothes,longpants(toavoidscratches),andclosed-toeshoes.Also,prepareweatherlayers,raingear(ifrainisforecast),areusablewaterbottle,andsunscreen.●Safety&BenefitsSafety:Youmayneedtolift10-20lbsandworkonunevenground;talktostaffifyouhavephysicalconcerns.Avoidpoisonoak,checkforticksaftershifts,andrunzigzagifyellowjackets(黄蜂)aredisturbed.Donottouchdangerousitems—alertstaffimmediately.Call911foremergencies.Benefits:Enjoyhealthyoutdoorworkwhilemakingadifference!You’llworkwithparkstaffanddiversevolunteers,learnabouttheparks’ecologyandhistory,andconnectwiththesespecialnaturalspaces.1.Whatisthemaintaskfortheprogramvolunteers?A.Tostudyharmfulplants.B.Todonateforhabitatrestoration.C.Tocollectseedsforresearch.D.Topreservetheparks’landscapes.2.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthevolunteers?A.Theymustbeagedover16.B.Theywillreceiveon-siteguidance.C.Theycanchooselocationsfreely.D.Theyshouldpreparetoolsinadvance.3.Whatisthebenefitofjoiningtheprogram?A.Avoidingriskyoutdooractivities.B.Enjoyingtheparks’beautifulscenery.C.Buildingupcloselinkswithparkstaff.D.Understandingthelocalecologybetter.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了金门国家公园志愿者项目的核心任务、团队与时间要求、年龄技能及携带物品、安全须知和参与益处等相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Keytasksincluderemovingharmfulplants,collectingnativeseedsforfutureplantingandclearinglitteredremains.You’llplayakeyroleinsupportinghabitatrestoration,trailmaintenance,andlandscapecareacrossthreeiconiclocations:(关键任务包括清除有害植物，收集当地种子以备将来种植，清理散落的残余垃圾。您将在支持三个标志性地点的栖息地恢复、步道维护和景观护理方面发挥关键作用)”可知，志愿者的主要任务是保护公园景观。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Age,Skills&WhattoBring部分第二段中“Weprovidealltraining,toolsandon-siteleadershiptoguideyouthrougheachtask.(我们会提供所有培训、工具和现场指导，协助您完成每项任务)”可知，志愿者会获得现场指导。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Safety&Benefits部分第二段中“You’llworkwithparkstaffanddiversevolunteers,learnabouttheparks’ecologyandhistory,andconnectwiththesespecialnaturalspaces.(您将与公园工作人员和各种志愿者合作，了解公园的生态和历史，并与这些特殊的自然空间建立联系)”可知，参与项目能更好地了解当地生态。故选D项。BLastspring,myneighborDonnaandI,bothinourseventies,spentseveralhoursintheglorioussunshineenjoyingthenewseason.Whenitwastimetositdownandrelax,Donnapulledoutherredmetalchairfromhergarage(车库),andIsatonanoverturnedplasticbucket(桶).Itwasfuntocatchuponthenewsthatwehadmissedduringthelongwinterindoors.However,overthenextfewdays,itturnedoutthatweneededmorethanachairandabucketwhichwerenotquitecomfortable.Donnadecidedweneededabench.Afterdismissingunsuitableoptionsfromlocalstores,shefoundaperfectoneonline.Thenextdayitarrived.Excitedly,sheopenedtheboxandstartedputtingittogether.Weproudlyhigh-fivedeachotherasthepiecesjoinedupandthebenchstartedtolooklikeone.Afterafewminutes’assistancefromaneighbour,itwascomplete.What’smore,itwastheperfectfitfortwo70-somethingstocarryonlateafternoonchats.Soon,thebenchattractedotherneighbors.Oneday,someonecalledoutfromthesidewalk,“Whatdoyoudoonthatbench?”Quick-thinkingDonnacalledback,“It’sour‘ThinkingBench’!Wethinkaboutimportantthingshappeninginourlives.”Then,thenamegraduallyevolved—afteroneneighborsatalonedeepinthought,hedeclaredita“Decision-MakingBench”;anothertime,whenDonnawascaughtnapping,sheinsistedshewas“meditating(冥想)”,addingyetanothername.Lastfall,withthetemperaturefalling,wecametotheendofsittingoutdoors.Wewerefacedwithonedilemma-whattodoaboutitinthewinter?Well,wesatdownandthoughtandmeditatedanddecidedtoputitinDonna’sgarageforthewinter.WhenIglimpseditafewtimesoverthenextmonths,thebenchsatlonely,holdingemptyflowerpots,andsomeflat,oldboxes.Butnowafteralongwinter,springflowersarereadytobloominthewarmsunshine,andweneighboursarereadytowelcome“TheBench”backintoourlives.4.Donnadecidedtoreplacethechairandbucketto_________.A.lightenthecarryingload B.attractmoreneighboursC.getbetterseatingforchats D.adapttowarmerweather5.Howdidthebenchgetitsvariousnames?A.Fromitemsplacedonit. B.Fromseasonaldiscussions.C.Fromusers’activitiesonit. D.FromDonna’screativeideas.6.Whyarepotsandboxesmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tosuggesttheflowerswouldsoonbeplanted. B.Toshowthebenchwasnotservingitspurpose.C.Todescribethebench’spracticaluseinwinter. D.Toexplainwhythebenchneededwinterstorage.7.Whatdoes“TheBench”representbythestory’send?A.Asymbolofcommunitybonds. B.Asolutiontotheagingproblem.C.Areminderofthepastsummer. D.Amemoryofavaluedonlineorder.【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和邻居唐娜在户外放置长椅，长椅吸引邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，最终成为邻里情谊象征的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However,overthenextfewdays,itturnedoutthatweneededmorethanachairandabucketwhichwerenotquitecomfortable.Donnadecidedweneededabench.(然而，在接下来的几天里，事实证明，我们需要的不仅仅是一把椅子和一只不太舒服的水桶。唐娜决定我们需要一条长凳。)”以及“What’smore,itwastheperfectfitfortwo70-somethingstocarryonlateafternoonchats.(更重要的是，它非常适合两位70多岁的老人进行傍晚的聊天。)”可知，唐娜决定把椅子和桶换成长凳是为了让聊天时有更好的座位。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then,thenamegraduallyevolved—afteroneneighborsatalonedeepinthought,hedeclaredita‘Decision-MakingBench’;anothertime,whenDonnawascaughtnapping,sheinsistedshewas‘meditating’,addingyetanothername.(然后，这个名字逐渐演变——一位邻居独自坐着沉思后，他宣称这是一个‘决策长椅’；还有一次，当唐娜被发现打盹时，她坚持说自己在‘冥想’，于是又加了一个名字。)”可知，长凳的名字来源于使用者在长凳上的活动。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WhenIglimpseditafewtimesoverthenextmonths,thebenchsatlonely,holdingemptyflowerpots,andsomeflat,oldboxes.Butnowafteralongwinter,springflowersarereadytobloominthewarmsunshine,andweneighboursarereadytowelcome“TheBench”backintoourlives.(在接下来的几个月里，当我瞥见它几次时，长凳孤零零地立着，上面放着空花盆和一些扁平的旧盒子。但是现在，经过一个漫长的冬天，春天的花朵已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳上放着空花盆和旧盒子，说明长凳在冬天没有发挥它的作用，即让邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Soon,thebenchattractedotherneighbors.(很快，长凳吸引了其他邻居。)”以及最后一段中的“Butnowafteralongwinter,springflowersarereadytobloominthewarmsunshine,andweneighboursarereadytowelcome‘TheBench’backintoourlives.(但是现在，经过一个漫长的冬天，春天的花朵已经准备好在温暖的阳光下绽放，我们邻居们也准备好欢迎‘长凳’回到我们的生活中。)”可知，长凳吸引了邻居们一起聊天、思考、做决定，它最终象征着邻里间的情谊联结。故选A。CEngineeringintheU.S.haslongbeenamale-dominatedprofession.Fiftyyearsago,itlookedlikethatmightchange.In1970,thepercentageofwomenmajoringinengineeringwaslessthan1%.In1979,thatnumberwas9%.Manyhopedwomenwouldcontinuetoenterthefieldatthesamerate.Butthat’snotwhathappened.Today,only21%ofengineeringmajorsarewomen,anumberlargelyunchangedsince2000.Iamahistorianwho,alongwithmycolleagues,surveyed251womenengineerswhograduatedfromcollegeinthe1970s.Thesepioneersreflectedonthechallengestheyfacedandhadadviceforwomenenteringthefieldtoday.Jessie,asurveytaker,explained,“Thegreatestchallengeformewascontinuingtobelieveinmyself,whenallthemessagesIwasgettingwerethatIwouldneverbetakenseriouslyorpromotedorgivenraisesatthesamerateasmen,whowereclearlylessqualifiedandnotassmartasIwas.”Achemicalengineerwhoworkedinmanufacturingagreed,“Youhavetoproveyourselfjustbecauseyouarefemale.Andyouhavetoworktwiceashard!”Acivilengineersaid,“Weare‘womenengineers.’Peopledon’trefertoamanasa‘manengineer’—he’sanengineer.Weareconstantlyremindedthatwedon’ttrulybelong.”Anothercivilengineerstated,“Onmanylevels,you’reneverquiteoneofthegroups.”Womenalsotalkedaboutfamilycaregivingresponsibilities.Aretiredvicepresidentfromamajorchemicalcompanystated,“Youngwomenengineersareonanequalfootinguntiltheyhavechildren,thentheystruggletobalanceworkandfamily—andcompetewithmenwhodon’thavethesamehouseholdresponsibilities.”Butovertheyears,thingshavechangedalot.Youngwomenengineersaremoreaccepted,mostlybecausetherearejustmoreofthem.Manywomenengineershailedthebenefitsoftheirchosencareer.Aprogrammanagerinmanufacturingstatedthatengineeringisthebestdegree.Amechanicalengineersaid,“Itwillgiveyoutheflexibilitytodoalmostanything.Itisalsosatisfyingtoseetheeffectsofwhatyouhavedone.”8.Whathappenedinthe1970s?A.251womenengineersgraduatedfromcollege.B.Thenumberofwomenengineersrosesharply.C.Lessthan1%ofwomenmajoredinengineering.D.Womenstoppedenteringtheengineeringworld.9.WhatwasthebiggeststruggleforJessie?A.Nottofeelsuperiortolessqualifiedmaleengineers.B.Nottotakeseriouslyallthemessagesshewasgetting.C.Nottothinkhighlyofherqualificationswhenpromoted.D.Nottoloseself-confidence,thoughconstantlydiscouraged.10.Howdowomenengineersfrequentlyfeel,accordingtothetwocivilengineers?A.Disqualifiedonmanylevels.B.Excludedfromthegroup.C.Overworkedbytheirorganizations.D.Lookeddownuponbymalecolleagues.11.Whatprobablymakesyoungwomenengineersmoreacceptednowadays?A.Theirsuccessingaininganequalfooting.B.Thechangeintheirsituation.C.Theirabilitytobalanceworkandfamily.D.Theincreaseintheirnumber.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国工程领域长期由男性主导的现状、20世纪70年代以来女性工程师的参与情况、所面临的挑战以及如今的变化与职业优势。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“In1970,thepercentageofwomenmajoringinengineeringwaslessthan1%.In1979,thatnumberwas9%.(1970年，主修工程学的女性比例不足1%。1979年，这一数字达到了9%。)”可知，20世纪70年代主修工程学的女性比例从不足1%升至9%，数量大幅上升。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Jessie,asurveytaker,explained,“Thegreatestchallengeformewascontinuingtobelieveinmyself,whenallthemessagesIwasgettingwerethatIwouldneverbetakenseriouslyorpromotedorgivenraisesatthesamerateasmen,whowereclearlylessqualifiedandnotassmartasIwas.”(参与调查的Jessie解释说：“对我来说，最大的挑战是继续相信自己，而我得到的所有信息都是，我永远不会被认真对待，不会得到晋升，也不会得到和男性相同的加薪幅度，而这些男性显然资历更低，也不如我聪明。”)”可知，Jessie最大的困境是尽管不断受到打击，但仍要保持自信不放弃。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段“Acivilengineersaid,“Weare‘womenengineers.’Peopledon’trefertoamanasa‘manengineer’—he’sanengineer.Weareconstantlyremindedthatwedon’ttrulybelong.”Anothercivilengineerstated,“Onmanylevels,you’reneverquiteoneofthegroups.”(一位土木工程师说：“我们是‘女工程师’。“人们不会把男人称为‘男性工程师’——他就是一名工程师。我们不断被提醒，我们并不真正属于这里。”另一位土木工程师说：“在很多层面上，你从来都不是其中的一员。”)”可知，两位土木工程师表示女性工程师经常感到自己被排除在群体之外。故选B。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Butovertheyears,thingshavechangedalot.

Youngwomenengineersaremoreacceptedmostlybecausetherearejustmoreofthem.(但这些年来，情况发生了很大变化。年轻女性工程师现在更受认可，主要是因为她们的人数变多了。)”可知，如今年轻女性工程师更受认可的原因是她们的数量有所增加。故选D。DThelong-heldassumptionthatintelligenceistheprimarydriverofacademicachievementischallengedbyarecentstudyinHumanBehavior.Thestudy,ledbyDr.MalanfromUniversityofLondonandjointlycarriedoutbyagroupofinternationalexperts,hasrevealedthatnon-cognitive(非认知的)skills,suchasmotivation,self-regulationandacademicinterest,arenolessimportantthanintelligenceindeterminingacademicsuccess.Theinfluenceoftheseskillsaccruesthroughoutachild’seducation,withgenetic(基因的)factorsplayingasignificantroleinshapingthisdevelopmentalpath.Thestudytrackedover10,000childrenfromage7to16inEnglandandWalesandusedtwinstudiesandDNAanalysistoinvestigatetheimpactofnon-cognitiveskillsonacademicoutcomesaswellastheinfluentialfactors,likegenesandenvironment,thataffecttheseskills.Onestrikingfindingisthegrowingroleofgeneticsinshapingnon-cognitiveskillsandtheirimpactonacademicachievement.Researcherscreatedaspecialmethodknownasthe“polygenicscore”tomeasuretheseskillsandfoundthatgeneticeffectsassociatedwithnon-cognitiveskillsbecameincreasinglypredictiveofacademicachievement,nearlydoublingbetweentheagesof7and16.Bytheendofrequiredschooling,geneticinfluenceonnon-cognitiveskillswasasstrongasthatoncognitiveskillsinpredictingacademicsuccess.Besides,bycomparingchildrenfromthesamefamily,researcherscouldseparatetheimpactofsharedfamilyenvironmentfromgeneticfactors.“Wefoundthathowchildrenwereraisedinthefamilyplayedasignificantrole,althoughtheincreasinginfluenceofnon-cognitivegeneticsonacademicachievementwasstillevident,”saidDr.Alleg,aco-researcherinthestudy.Thefindingshavefar-reachingimplicationsforeducation.Thestudysuggeststhatschoolsshoulddevelopprogramstosupportstudents’emotionalandsocialdevelopment.Dr.Malansaid,“Bydoingso,wecancreateamoreinclusiveandeffectivelearningenvironmentforstudents.”Thestudyalsohighlightstheneedforfurtherresearchintothecomplexinteractionbetweengenes,environmentandeducation.Byunderstandingthesefactors,educatorsandpolicymakerscandevelopmoreeffectivestrategiestosupportstudents’overalldevelopmentandachievebettereducationaloutcomes.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accrues”inparagraph1mean?A.Mounts. B.Remains. C.Varies. D.Surfaces.13.Whywasthespecialmethodusedinthestudy?A.Topredictstudents’academicachievement.B.Tomeasuretheroleofenvironmentinlearning.C.Toevaluatethegeneticimpactonnon-cognitiveskills.D.Toassesstheacademicinfluenceofcognitiveabilities.14.Whataretheresearchersmostlikelytorecommend?A.Advancedmathcourses. B.AIprogrammingworkshops.C.Writingtrainingprograms. D.Communityserviceprojects.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PromotingEffectiveLearning B.TheOverlookedBenefitsofGenesC.UnlockingAcademicPotential D.TheHiddenKeytoAcademicSuccess【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项研究表明非认知技能对学业成就影响重大且受基因影响。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词后面的“withgenetic(基因的)factorsplayingasignificantroleinshapingthisdevelopmentalpath(基因因素在塑造这条发展路径中起着重要作用)”以及第二段“Thestudytrackedover10,000childrenfromage7to16inEnglandandWalesandusedtwinstudiesandDNAanalysistoinvestigatetheimpactofnon-cognitiveskillsonacademicoutcomesaswellastheinfluentialfactors,likegenesandenvironment,thataffecttheseskills.(该研究对英格兰和威尔士地区年龄在7岁至16岁之间的10,000多名儿童进行了追踪调查，并采用双胞胎研究和DNA分析方法来探究非认知技能对学业成果的影响，以及基因和环境等影响这些技能的因素)”可知，从7岁到16岁非认知技能中基因影响对学业成就的预测性几乎翻倍，可推知，随着孩子教育过程的推进，非认知技能的影响在不断累积这。所以accrues意思是“累积、增加”。故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researcherscreatedaspecialmethodknownasthe“polygenicscore”tomeasuretheseskillsandfoundthatgeneticeffectsassociatedwithnon-cognitiveskillsbecameincreasinglypredictiveofacademicachievement,nearlydoublingbetweentheagesof7and16.(研究人员研发出一种名为“多基因评分”的特殊方法，用以衡量这些技能，并发现与非认知技能相关的基因效应对学业成就的预测性日益增强，在7岁至16岁这一年龄段期间，其预测作用几乎翻倍)”可知，研究中使用这种特殊方法是为了评估基因对非认知技能的影响。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thestudysuggeststhatschoolsshoulddevelopprogramstosupportstudents’emotionalandsocialdevelopment.(这项研究表明，学校应该制定计划来支持学生的情感和社会发展)”可推知，研究人员最有可能推荐社区服务项目，因为社区服务项目可以帮助学生发展情感和社会能力。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Thelong-heldassumptionthatintelligenceistheprimarydriverofacademicachievementischallengedbyarecentstudyinHumanBehavior.Thestudy,ledbyDr.MalanfromUniversityofLondonandjointlycarriedoutbyagroupofinternationalexperts,hasrevealedthatnon-cognitive(非认知的)skills,suchasmotivation,self-regulationandacademicinterest,arenolessimportantthanintelligenceindeterminingacademicsuccess.(长久以来，人们一直认为智力是推动学业成就的首要因素，而最近发表在《人类行为》上的一项研究对此提出了质疑。这项研究由伦敦大学的马兰博士牵头，并由一群国际专家共同开展，研究结果表明，在决定学业成功与否方面，动机、自我调节能力以及学术兴趣等非认知技能的重要性丝毫不亚于智力)”可知，文章开篇指出传统认为智力是学业成就主要驱动力的观点受到挑战，接着阐述研究表明非认知技能对学业成就同样重要且受基因影响，还讨论了研究对教育的启示等，所以文章最佳标题是D项“学业成功的隐藏关键”，强调了非认知技能这个过去被忽视但对学业成功很重要的因素。故选D。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoufelttiredandfrustratedbyyourscheduleorworkloadlately?Ifso,youmaybeovercommitted(过载的).Overcommitmentoccurswhenyoupushyourboundariesandtakeonmoredutiesthanyoucanhandleatonce.____16____Thereareplentyofsolutionstostopit.Thinkbeforeyoucommit.Beforeyousay“yes”tosomething,takesometimetoevaluatethecommitmentandyourschedule.Canyouaddthistaskoractivitytoyourlist?Isitsomethingyoucancompletewithoutstretchingyourselftoothin?____17____Setboundariesandsticktothem.Makingclearboundariesforyourprofessionalandpersonallifeisagreatandhealthywaytoavoidovercommitment.____18____Thiscanbeassimpleasturningoffyourphoneataspecificpointeachnightorleavingworkbehindattheoffice.____19____Noteverythingissetinstone.Ifanewdutycomesaroundthat’smoreimportantthanothers,doyourbesttorearrangeyourto-dolist.Forinstance,whenyoureceiveanemailfromyourbossaskingyoutocompleteanassignmentfortomorrowmorning’smeetingbytheendoftheday,youcanreplacethetimetoworkonataskdueattheendoftheweekwiththehigh-prioritytask.Askforhelpwhenyouneedit.There’snoshameingettingalittleextrahelpnowandthen,especiallywhenyou’restressedout.Don’thesitatetoreachouttoyourboss,coworker,orlovedoneifyouneedanextrahandwithacommitment.____20____Itisimportanttorememberthatitisnotweaktoaskforhelp.Infact,itshowsthatyouarestrongenoughtovoiceyourownneeds.A.Accommodatetoatightschedule.B.Adjustyourcommitmentstoyourschedule.C.Askthesequestionstohelpdecidewhichtaskisyourtoppriority.D.Youknowyourlimits,sosetthemtoprotectyouroverallwell-being.E.Whilemanypeoplefaceovercommitment,itdoesn’thavetobeapermanentfeeling.F.Sometimes,havingeventhesmallestthingtakenoffyourplatecanmakeabigdifference.G.Askyourselfthesequestionstohelpdecidewhetherornotacommitmentisworthyourenergy.【答案】16.E17.G18.D19.B20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何应对和避免过载的问题。【16题详析】空前“Overcommitmentoccurswhenyoupushyourboundariesandtakeonmoredutiesthanyoucanhandleatonce.(过载是指你超越自身极限，一次性承担了超出你处理能力的更多职责。)”说明了过载是在什么时候发生的，空后“Thereareplentyofsolutionstostopit.(有很多办法可以阻止它。)”说明有方法可以阻止过载，E选项“Whilemanypeoplefaceovercommitment,itdoesn’thavetobeapermanentfeeling.(虽然很多人都面临过载的问题，但这并不一定是一种长期持续的感觉。)”说明过载不一定会长期存在，引出了后文的阻止方法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。【17题详析】空前“Canyouaddthistaskoractivitytoyourlist?Isitsomethingyoucancompletewithoutstretchingyourselftoothin?(你能把这个任务或活动添加到你的列表中吗？你能在不让自己分身乏术的情况下完成这件事吗？)”提到了一些要问自己的问题，空格处应该陈述问这些问题有什么意义，G选项“Askyourselfthesequestionstohelpdecidewhetherornotacommitmentisworthyourenergy.(问问自己这些问题，以帮助你决定一项承诺是否值得你付出精力。)”说明了问这些问题的好处，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。【18题详析】空前“Setboundariesandsticktothem.Makingclearboundariesforyourprofessionalandpersonallifeisagreatandhealthywaytoavoidovercommitment.(设定界限并坚持下去。为你的职业和个人生活划清界限是一种避免过载的好方法。)”说明了要设定工作和生活之间的界限，D选项“Youknowyourlimits,sosetthemtoprotectyouroverallwell-being.(你知道你的极限，所以设定它们来保护你的整体健康。)”中的them指代的是前面的boundaries，说明了设定界限的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。【19题详析】空格处是本段主旨句，由空后“Noteverythingissetinstone.Ifanewdutycomesaroundthat’smoreimportantthanothers,doyourbesttorearrangeyourto-dolist.(并非所有事情都是一成不变的。如果一项比其他任务更重要的新任务出现了，尽你所能重新安排你的任务清单。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要重新安排任务清单，B选项“Adjustyourcommitmentstoyourschedule.(根据你的时间表调整你的承诺。)”说明的是要根据时间表调整承诺，概括了本段内容，可作为主旨句，故选B。【20题详析】空前“There’snoshameingettingalittleextrahelpnowandthen,especiallywhenyou’restressedout.Don’thesitatetoreachouttoyourboss,coworker,orlovedoneifyouneedanextrahandwithacommitment.(偶尔得到一点额外的帮助并不可耻，尤其是当你压力很大的时候。如果你需要别人的帮助，可以毫不犹豫地向你的老板、同事或爱人求助。)”说明要向他人求助，空格处应该说向他人求助的好处，F选项“Sometimes,havingeventhesmallestthingtakenoffyourplatecanmakeabigdifference.(有时候，哪怕只是从你的任务清单中去掉一件最小的事情，也能产生很大的影响。)”说明的是朋友帮你做一件最小的事情也是很有意义的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theeconomywasworsening.Myparentswereforcedtoliveon____21____,whichiscommonlythoughtofaswelfaretoday.AfewdaysbeforeChristmas,Ilookedoutofakitchenwindowtoseemyfathersittingontheporch,____22____,withtearsinhiseyes.Themailmanwas____23____ourbuildingandaskedmyfatherwhatwaswrong.Myfathersaidthathehaduseduphisfoodvouchers(食品券)andthattherentwas____24____.ThroughtheWorksProgressAdministration,hehadtriedto____25____asalaborer,buthewasn’taverystrongman,andtheworkhadbeen____26____forhim.Havingseennewspaperpicturesofpeoplebeingleftonthestreetwithalltheirbelongings,Iwas____27____.Withouthesitation,themailmantook$50fromhiswalletand____28____ittomyfather.Mydadexpressed____29____astowhenhe’dbeabletorepaythemailman.Themailman,placinganarmaroundmyfather’sshoulders,____30____thatitwasn’tnecessaryforhimtorepaythemoney,everythingwouldbealright____31____.Noticingmewatchingthroughthewindow,themailman____32____,“Isaac,thingswillnotbethiswayforever.Therewillbetimesinthefuturewhensomeoneneedsyourhelp.Helpthemwithinyour____33____.Thiswillbemypayback.MerryChristmas.”Fortherestofhislife,myfatheralwayscontributedhispartinrepayingthe____34____,andIhavedonemybestto____35____thekindnessinmyownway.21.A.loans B.relief C.bonus D.savings22.A.nervous B.thrilled C.hesitant D.depressed23.A.approaching B.constructing C.searching D.observing24.A.clear B.low C.unfair D.due25.A.retire B.work C.guide D.leave26.A.suitable B.rewarding C.demanding D.desperate27.A.scared B.ashamed C.annoyed D.relieved28.A.reported B.handed C.explained D.assigned29.A.sympathy B.regret C.uncertainty D.gratitude30.A.predicted B.anticipated C.recalled D.ensured31.A.instead B.regardless C.otherwise D.likewise32.A.complained B.comforted C.admitted D.argued33.A.sight B.control C.capacity D.innovation34.A.generosity B.innocence C.integrity D.effort35.A.putforward B.putoff C.payforward D.putup【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.B29.C30.D31.B32.B33.C34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者家庭经济状况恶化，父亲因用尽食品券且房租到期而陷入困境，一位邮递员慷慨解囊帮助父亲，并鼓励作者一家将来在有能力时帮助他人，将这份善意传递下去的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经济状况越来越糟。我的父母被迫依靠救济金生活，这在今天通常被认为是福利。A.loans贷款；B.relief救济、救济金；C.bonus奖金；D.savings储蓄。根据下文“whichiscommonlythoughtofaswelfaretoday”可知，作者的父母依靠“救济金”生活。故选B项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节前几天，我从厨房的窗户向外看，看见父亲坐在门廊上，情绪低落，眼里含着泪水。A.nervous紧张的；B.thrilled激动的；C.hesitant犹豫的；D.depressed沮丧的、情绪低落的。根据下文“withtearsinhiseyes”可知，父亲“情绪低落”。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：邮递员走近我们的房子，问父亲怎么了。A.approaching接近、走近；B.constructing建造；C.searching搜索；D.observing观察。根据下文“askedmyfatherwhatwaswrong”和常识可知，邮递员应是先“走近”房子才能和父亲对话。故选A项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父亲说他已经用完了食品券，而且房租也到期了。A.clear清楚的；B.low低的；C.unfair不公平的；D.due到期的。根据上文“hehaduseduphisfoodvouchers(食品券)andthattherentwas”可知，此处指父亲用完了食品券，房租也“到期”了。故选D项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过工程振兴署，他试图找一份体力活，但他不是一个很强壮的人，这份工作对他来说要求太高了。A.retire退休；B.work工作；C.guide指导；D.leave离开。根据下文“asalaborer”可知，父亲想找“工作”赚钱。故选B项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.suitable合适的；B.rewarding值得的；C.demanding要求高的；D.desperate绝望的。根据上文“buthewasn’taverystrongman”可知，父亲不是很强壮，所以体力活对他来说“要求太高”了。故选C项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到报纸上有人带着所有家当流落街头的照片，我很害怕。A.scared害怕的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.relieved宽慰的。根据上文“Havingseennewspaperpicturesofpeoplebeingleftonthestreetwithalltheirbelongings”可知，看到人们流落街头的照片，作者担心自家也面临同样处境，因此感到“害怕”。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：邮递员毫不犹豫地从钱包里拿出50美元，递给了父亲。A.reported报道；B.handed递给；C.explained解释；D.assigned分配。根据上文“took$50fromhiswallet”和下文“ittomyfather”可知，此处指邮递员把钱“递给”了父亲。故选B项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲对他何时能偿还邮递员的钱表示不确定。A.sympathy同情；B.regret后悔；C.uncertainty不确定；D.gratitude感激。根据下文“astowhenhe’dbeabletorepaythemailman”可知，父亲“不确定”何时能偿还邮递员的钱。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：邮递员搂着父亲的肩膀，向他保证没有必要还钱，无论如何一切都会好起来的。A.predicted预测；B.anticipated预期；C.recalled回忆；D.ensured保证。根据下文“itwasn’tnecessaryforhimtorepaythemoney”可知，邮递员在安慰父亲，向他“保证”无需还钱。故选D项。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.instead代替；B.regardless无论如何；C.otherwise否则；D.likewise同样地。根据上文“everythingwouldbealright”可知，邮递员在鼓励父亲，强调“无论情况如何”都会好转的。故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：注意到我透过窗户看着，邮递员安慰我说：“Isaac，事情不会永远这样下去的。将来有人需要你帮助时，在你的能力范围内去帮助他们，这就是对我的回报。圣诞快乐。”A.complained抱怨；B.comforted安慰；C.admitted承认；D.argued争论。根据下文“Isaac,thingswillnotbethiswayforever.Therewillbetimesinthefuturewhensomeoneneedsyourhelp.”可知，邮递员在“安慰”作者。故选B项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.sight视力；B.control控制；C.capacity能力；D.innovation创新。根据上文“Therewillbetimesinthefuturewhensomeoneneedsyourhelp.”可知，邮递员鼓励作者将来在有“能力”时帮助他人，“withinone’scapacity”为固定搭配，意为“在某人能力范围内”，符合语境。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在父亲的余生里，他始终尽自己的一份力来回报这份慷慨，而我也尽我所能以自己的方式传递这份善意。A.generosity慷慨；B.innocence天真；C.integrity正直；D.effort努力。根据上文邮递员帮助父亲且不求回报的行为可知，父亲总是尽自己的一份力量来回报这份“慷慨”。故选A项。【35题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A.putforward提出；B.putoff推迟；C.payforward传递；D.putup张贴。根据上文“Helpthemwithinyour________.Thiswillbemypayback.”和“myfatheralwayscontributedhispartinrepayingthe________”可知，作者在“传递”这份善意。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式。Shadow