2026《金版教程》高考复习方案英语外研版-Unit 5 Learning from nature

一背记单词/词块◎生态1．lotusn.莲花，荷花2．termiten.白蚁3．algaen.藻类(植物)4．pinecone松果，松球5．biomimicryn.仿生学6．dioxiden.二氧化物7．sowv.播(种)8．batn.蝙蝠9．dragonflyn.蜻蜓10．spidern.蜘蛛11．domesticadj.驯养的；家养的12．mulberryn.桑葚；桑树13．botanicaladj.植物(学)的◎环境14．moundn.土堆，土丘15．tilen.瓦片16．waterfrontn.滨水地区17．promenaden.滨海步行道18．pondn.池塘19．ruraladj.农村的，乡村的20．cottagen.乡村小屋21．lanen.(乡间的)小路◎技术22．echo­locationn.回声定位23．radarn.雷达24．dronen.无人驾驶飞机◎其他25．mimicv.模仿26．plumbingn.管道系统27．frontiern.(学科的)知识前沿28．swimsuitn.游泳衣29．physiciann.医生30．bowv.鞠躬31．decentadj.可接受的，相当好的32．atopprep.在……顶上33．easen.舒适，悠闲34．attnv.得到，获得二词形变化1．architectn.建筑师→architecturen.建筑风格，建筑设计2．superbadj.极好的，出色的→superblyadv.极好地，出色地3．convertv.使转变；使转换→conversionn.转换；转变4．wiseadj.明智的；英明的→wisdomn.智慧→wiselyadv.明智地5．employv.使用，运用；雇用→employern.雇用者，雇主→employeen.雇员→employmentn.雇用；工作；就业6．superficialadj.表面(上)的→superficiallyadv.表面(上)地7．deliberateadj.不慌不忙的，从容不迫的；故意的，蓄意的→deliberatelyadv.不慌不忙地，从容不迫地；故意地，蓄意地8．withdrawv.退出→withdrawaln.退出；撤走；收回；取回9．depressv.使沮丧；使抑郁→depressiveadj.抑郁的→depressedadj.沮丧的→depressionn.沮丧，抑郁10．reluctantadj.不情愿的；勉强的→reluctantlyadv.不情愿地；勉强地11．departv.离开→departuren.启程；上路；违背；离开；出发12．pureadj.纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的→purityn.纯洁；洁净→purifyv.净化；变纯净13．resignv.使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于→resignationn.辞职；辞呈；顺从→resignedadj.顺从的；已辞职的；已放弃的14．rejectv.拒绝接受→rejectionn.拒绝；摒弃15．fulfilv.实现；执行，完成→fulfilmentn.满足(感)→fulfilledadj.感到满足的→fulfillingadj.使人满足的，令人愉快的16．evaluatev.评估，评价→evaluationn.评估，评价1．TheHotelofFragrantHilldesignedbyLeohMingPei,afamousChinesebornAmericanarchitect,__isoneofthemostfamousarchitecturesinBeijing.(architect)2．Theemployerofthecompanydecidestoemploymoreemployeeswhohaverichexperience.(employ)3．Deliberatehurtcrimeistohurtothers'bodyandhealthdeliberately.(deliberate)4．SoIreluctantlydecidedtotrytheoppositeapproachandIwasreluctanttoinvolvemyselfinhisproblems.(reluctant)5．Liptonisplanningtodepartfromthecompanyhefoundedandhisdeparturewillsurelymakemanyworkerssurprisedandsad.(depart)6．Alloursuggestionswere__rejectedoutofhandandmanyofthemfeltdepressedattherejection.(reject)7．Ifyoufulfilyourtaskaheadoftime,youwillhaveasenseoffulfilment.(fulfil)8．Theywanttoconvertuselessrllines,andaftertheconversion,__theycanbeusedforcycleroutes.(convert)三熟词生义1.bat[熟义]n.蝙蝠；球棒，球拍[生义]n.轮到击球v.眨(眼)；挥打，拍打；击球2．bow[熟义]v.鞠躬；低头；弯曲n.鞠躬[生义]v.屈从于n.蝴蝶结；弓3．withdraw[熟义]v.退出；提，取(银行账户中的钱款)[生义]v.不与人交往4．ease[熟义]n.舒适，悠闲v.减轻；缓和；放松[生义]v.降低；(使)贬值；小心缓慢地移动1．Shedidn'tbataneyelidwhenItoldhermynews.我把我的事告诉她时，她眼都不眨一下。2．Sharepriceseasedbackfromyesterday'slevels.股价从昨天的水平上降低了。3．She'sbeginningtowithdrawintoherself.她开始变得不爱与人交往了。4．Somestoresarebowingtoconsumerpressureandstockingorganicallygrownvegetables.有些商店屈从于消费者的压力，供应有机蔬菜。小积累—wordfamiles1.后缀­dom高频名词集锦①wisdom智慧②freedom自由③boredom厌烦，无聊④chiefdom首领的地位⑤kingdom王国⑥random随意2.“得到，获得”动词家族①attn得到，获得②obtn得到，获得③earn赢得；赚得④achieve取得，实现⑤gn获得，赢得⑥acquire获得；取得⑦secure获得3.“人的感受”的差异化①at__ease__with不拘束，放松②astonishedadj.惊讶的；吃惊的③reluctantadj.不情愿的④upsetadj.心烦意乱的⑤wearyadj.厌倦的⑥frustratedadj.沮丧的；受挫的一词表短语/课文短语1．take__...__for__granted认为……理所当然2．seek__solutions__to寻求解决方法3．take__inspiration__from从……中获取灵感4．at__ease__with不拘束，放松5．respond__to对……做出反应6．in__return__for作为……的回报7．withdraw__from从……撤离/退出/提取8．resign__oneself__to使某人自己听从/顺从……选用上面的短语填空1．Peopletendtotaketheirfreedomandpeacefor__granted,__forgettinghowhardothershavefoughtforit.2．Afterworkingtogetherforseveralmonths,Ifeelmoreat__ease__withmycolleagues.3．Artistsoftentake__inspiration__fromnaturetocreatetheirmasterpieces.4．Weshouldalwaysseek__solutions__toconflictsthroughpeacefulmeans.5．Nowadays,manyoftheyouthtaketheirparents'loveandcontributionforgranted,doingnothingin__return__forit.二写作词块1．in__the__centre__of在……的中心2．come__about产生，发生3．be__opposed__to反对4．in__the__same__way同样地；以相同的方式5．reduce__damage__to__the__environment减少对环境的破坏6．generate__renewable__energy生产可再生能源7．poets__of__fields__and__gardens田园诗人8．have__a__right__to__live__and__prosper有生存和繁荣的权利9．live__in__closer__harmony__with__our__environment与我们的环境更和谐地相处10．meet__the__needs__of满足……的需要11．in__order__to__survive__in__the__wild为了在野外生存12．find__contentment__in__simplicity从简单中找到满足感1．(教材P66)看到一朵绽开的花，我们可能会觉得它和雨伞是多么相似。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)An__open__flower__might__make__us__think__how__closely__it__resembles__an__umbrella.2．(教材P67)津巴布韦建筑师米克·皮尔斯在一部大自然纪录片中看到白蚁筑造蚁穴，从中得到启发，从而设计了东门大厦。(时间状语从句的省略)Zimbabwean__architect__Mick__Pearce__was__inspired__to__create__the__Centre__while__watching__a__nature__documentary__in__which__termites__were__constructing__their__nests.3．(教材P74)公元405年，陶渊明辞去了官职，以表达他对仕途的不满，用今天的一句名言形容就是“不为五斗米折腰”。(that引导同位语从句)In__405,__he__quit__the__service__of__the__court__for__good,__expressing__his__unhappiness__in__the__now__famous__line__that__he__would__not__“bow__like__a__servant__in__return__for__five__dou__of__grn”．自主检测一、重点单词1．rejectv.拒绝接受2．resignv.使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于3．architectn.建筑师→architecturen.建筑风格，建筑设计4．evaluatev.评估，评价→evaluationn.评估，评价5．withdrawv.退出→withdrawaln.退出；撤走；收回；取回6．pureadj.纯的；纯粹的；纯洁的→purityn.纯洁；洁净→purifyv.净化；变纯净7．depressv.使沮丧；使抑郁→depressiveadj.抑郁的→depressedadj.沮丧的→depressionn.沮丧，抑郁8．fulfilv.实现；执行，完成→fulfilmentn.满足(感)→fulfilledadj.感到满足的→fulfillingadj.使人满足的，令人愉快的9．employv.使用，运用；雇用→employern.雇用者，雇主→employeen.雇员→employmentn.雇用；工作；就业10．departv.离开→departuren.启程；上路；违背；离开；出发拔高词汇—高分必备1.remedy/'remədi/n.治疗法；补救办法；纠正办法vt.改正，纠正，改进；补救；治疗2．consolidation/kənˌsɒlI'deIʃ(ə)n/n.巩固；合并3．deprive/dI'prv/v.剥夺；使丧失；使不能享有4．dumb/dʌm/adj.哑的，哑口无言的；愚蠢的5．linger/'lIŋɡə(r)/vi.逗留，徘徊；缓慢消失6.vague/veIɡ/adj.模糊的；(思想上)不清楚的；(表达或感知)含糊的7．tangible/'tændʒəb(ə)l/adj.可触知的；有形的，真实的；实际的8．grope/ɡrəʊp/v.&n.探索，摸索二、重点语块Humansoftentake__for__granted(认为……理所当然)thewisdomembeddedinnature'screatures.Insteadofoverlookingit,weshouldactivelyseek__solutions__to(寻求解决方法)ourproblemsbytaking__inspiration__from(从……中获取灵感)animalsandplants.Byobservinghowtheyadaptandsurvive,wefindourselvesmoreat__ease__with(放松)thechallengesweface.Forinstance,architectsrespond__to(对……做出回应)theneedforsustnabledesignsbymimickingthestructuresofbirds'nestsandleaves,showcasinghownaturecontinuestoguideourinnovations.三、重点句式1．知道自己的弱点可以让我成为一个更好的人。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)Knowingmyweaknessescanmake__me__a__better__person．2．在上网的时候，我读了一篇关于如何提高英语口语的文章。(时间状语从句的省略)While__surfing__the__Internet,__IreadanarticleabouthowtoimprovemyspokenEnglish.四、写作佳句1．【教材P67】它的形状像一朵莲花，漂浮在海滨长廊上，四周被水环绕。Shaped__to__resemble__a__lotus__flower,__it__appears__to__float__above__the__waterfront__promenade__and__the__water__that__surrounds__it.2．【教材P68】因此，该建筑不仅能够适应环境，减少能耗，而且自身可以产生可再生能源，减少对环境的危害。The__building__therefore__not__only__responds__to__its__environment__and__uses__less__energy,__but__also__reduces__damage__to__the__environment__by__generating__its__own__renewable__energy.3．【教材P75】我们可以从他的诗歌中看出，尽管生活艰苦，但他从这种简单的生活中成功获得了满足感，并从大自然中获得了乐趣。From__his__poetry,__we__can__learn__that__although__his__life__was__arduous,__he__succeeded__in__finding__contentment__in__its__simplicity__and__in__drawing__pleasure__from__nature.4．【教材P78】如果我们真的想展翅飞翔，我们必须经历一些困难。We__must__go__through__some__difficult__things__if__we__really__wish__to__spread__our__wings__and__fly.硬核考点考点1employv.使用，运用；雇用；忙于employsbtodosth雇用某人做某事employsbas...雇用某人为……employoneselfin＝beemployedin忙于1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment，”sdaBMFemployee(employ)．2．Theyemployedsomeexperiencedpeopleto__prepare(prepare)theexhibitionoftheirnewproductssothattheycouldappealtomorecustomers.3．ThebossdecidedtoemployTomashersecretarybecauseofhisoutstandingperformance.4．Thefiguresrepresentageneraldeclineinemployment(employ)．5．他忙着在实验室里做实验，没有注意到他的朋友已经离开了。Employed__in__doing__experimentsinthelab,hedidnotnoticehisfriendhadleft.＝Employing__himself__in__doing__experimentsinthelab,hedidnotnoticehisfriendhadleft.考点2withdrawv.退出；提，取(银行账户中的钱款)；不与人交往withdraw...from...从……中提取……withdrawfrom从……撤出/退出withdrawintooneself脱离，不与人交往withdrawalfrom...从……退出a/thewithdrawalof...……的收回/撤回/停止1.Thedrugwaswithdrawnfromsaleafteranumberofpeoplesufferedserioussideeffects.2．Thecommanderorderedanimmediatewithdrawal(withdraw)ofthetroopsfromthisarea.3．对他来说，躺平并不意味着放弃或退出社会。Forhim,lyingflatisnotaboutgiving__up__or__withdrawing__from__society．考点3resignv.使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于；辞职resignfrom...从……辞职resignas...辞去……的职务resignoneselfto(doing)sth听任/顺从/只好接受(做)某事1.Davidcomplnedaboutsalaryanddecidedtoresignfromhisoffice.2．Inordertolookafterhersickmother,myfrienddecidedtoresignherpositionasmanager.3．Hisresignation(resign)wastotallyunexpectedand,asaresult,noplanshavebeenmadeforhisreplacement.4．如果你任由自己整天看电视，就不能按时完成工作。If__you__resign__yourself__to__watching__TV__all__day,__youwillnotfinishyourworkontime.考点4rejectv.拒绝接受；排斥reject(doing)sth拒绝(做)某事rejectionofsth对某事的拒绝organrejection器官排斥1.(2023·北京高考)Ihadputsomuchtimeandemotionalenergyintoapplying,andIthoughttherejection(reject)meanttheendoftheroadformysciencecareer.2．Icouldn'tverywellrejectassisting(assist)thepolicewiththeirinquiries.3．Therejectionofthismeasurearousedthepeopletoindignation.4．随着期末考试的临近，我想呼吁你们所有人拒绝作弊。(写作佳句)Asourfinalexamsareapproaching,I'dliketocall__on__all__of__you__to__reject__cheating．【北师版必修第三册写作佳句】Itshowsabeautifulhouselitbylightsfrominside,surroundedbythedarknessofnight.画中有一座美丽的房子，房子里被灯光照亮，外面被夜晚的黑暗包围。考点5easen.舒适，悠闲vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)withease轻易地；毫不费力地at(one's)ease舒适；无忧无虑ateasewith不拘束，放松easesbof...减轻某人的……1.Ieasedhimofhisdifficultybytellinghimwhattodo.2．Annewasintelligentandcapableofpassingherexamswithease.3．他用一种令人愉快的方式说话，我和他在一起感到很自在。HespokeinsuchapleasantmannerthatI__felt__at__ease__with__him．4．在漫长的一天工作后，我喜欢坐在沙发上，把我的脚放在上面，放松一下。(写作佳句)Afteralongdayatwork,Iliketositonthecouchandputmyfeetup,justto__be__at__ease.考点6take...forgranted认为……理所当然takeitforgrantedthat...认为……理所当然takesthseriously认真对待某事takeone'stime别着急；慢慢来takeiteasy放轻松；不紧张；从容take...intoconsideration/account把……考虑在内takepridein...以……自豪takechargeof负责，掌管takeadvantageof利用1.AsAdamgrewolder,hebegantotakehisparents'loveandconcernforgranted,asifitwerepermissionforhimtodowhateverhewanted.2．TheFrenchtaketheir35­hourworkweekseriously(serious)．3．我有能力负责下周日举行的剪纸展览。Ihavetheabilitytotake__charge__of__the__papercutting__exhibitiontobeheldnextSunday.4．如果我的建议能得到考虑，我将不胜感激。(写作佳句)Iwouldappreciateitif__my__suggestion__could__be__taken__into__consideration/account.考点7复合宾语的用法有些及物动词接一个宾语后句子意思仍不完整，需要在宾语后面加一个名词、形容词、不定式、分词或介词短语等作宾语补足语，构成复合宾语，补充说明宾语的特征、状态、动作或身份。符合此用法的常见动词有：make,leave,have,find,get,call,see,watch,hear,keep,help等。常见的复合宾语结构如下：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(名词)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(形容词/副词/介词短语)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(分词)主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(省略to的动词不定式。变为被动语态时，to不可省略)主语＋谓语＋it＋宾语补足语(形容词/名词)＋从句/不定式/­ing形式(此种结构中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后。这类动词有feel,consider,believe,make,think等)1．Anychildcaughtmisbehavingwasmadeto__stand(stand)atthefrontoftheclass.2．Iturnedaroundtoseethesamehummingbirdhovering(hover)inther.3．(2024·全国甲卷)一顿健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛。(写作佳句)Ahealthybreakfastcanstartyourmetabolism,whileeatingsmall,healthymealskeeps__your__energy__up__all__day．4．我认为和他争吵这件事是没有用的。I__consider__it__no__usequarrelingwithhimaboutit.考点8状语从句的省略在时间、条件、让步、方式和比较状语从句中，当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句的谓语动词中含有be动词的某种形式时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。状语从句省略后的呈现形式：连词＋名词/形容词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。1.Thoughlacking(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.2．Itswallswerefreshasifpnted(pnt)yesterday.3．Youshouldstaywhereyouareunlessasked(ask)toleave.4．这座博物馆建成后，将于明年向公众开放。When__completed,__themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.【人教版必修第二册写作佳句】Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast,buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。强化训练一、单句语法填空1．Proverbs,sometimescalledsayings,areexamplesoffolkwisdom(wise)．2．Whenchoosingamajor,studentsareeasilysusceptibletoemployment(employ)andignoretheirowninterests.3．Ashehasnoopportunitytoachievehisambition,heintendstoresignfromthecompany.4．WhenIcamein,IfoundMikeseated(seat)atthebackoftheclassroom.5．Aftercarefulconsideration,hechosetowithdrawfromthecompetition.6．Whileworking(work)intheburningsun,Irealizeditwaswrongofustowastefoodinourdlylife.7．Inourdlylife,trustweavesthestrongestbonds,whilemisunderstandingcanbreakthemwithease.8．Theonlywaytosucceedistotakeiteasystepbystep,sodon'tbesonervous.9．Themeaningliesinadvocatingenvironmentalprotectiontopurify(pure)thelivingenvironment.10．Physicalactivityisassociatedwithalowerriskofdepressive(depress)symptoms.二、熟词生义1．Herhrwastiedbackinaneatbow.蝴蝶结2．ThisstudyshowsthatpeoplewhospendtoomuchtimeontheInternettendtowithdrawfromthepeopleandtheworldroundthem.不与人交往3．Heeasedhimselfalongtheledgetoreachtheterrifiedboy.小心翼翼地靠近4．HethreatenedtobatmewithhisumbrellaifIdidn'tmoveoutoftheway.挥打三、构词法词缀含义例词­ian表示某一类或某一职业的人physician,__comedian,musician,historian,guardian,electrician,politician,technician写出下列黑体词的含义1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.监护人2．(2023·全国乙卷)TanYunxian(1461－1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.医生3．Nowasajudgeofthecompetition,Icanseeclearlythehugechallengesfacingthemusiciansinthecompetition.音乐家4．PopularinChinaisthecrosstalkshow,whereaprofcomediansmaketheaudiencelaughwithwordplay.喜剧演员5．Politiciansshouldnotbemoreconcernedwithpowerandcontrolthanwiththegoodofthepeople.政治家6．Heputhimselfthroughnightschooltobecomeanengineer,butthatwasonlyafterheworkedasanelectricianandamechanic.电工四、补全句子1．我们一直在寻找目前问题的解决办法。Wehavebeenseeking__for__solutions__to__the__current__problems．2．他的态度那样爽朗，简立刻觉得和他在一起毫无拘束。HismannerwassobrightthatJanefelt__at__ease__with__him__at__once．3．你需要在必要的时候做一些改进。Youneedtomakesomeimprovementswhen__necessary.4．下午两点左右传来会议延期的通知。Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthat__the__meeting__would__be__postponed．5．我们将把有关此事的情况随时告诉你。We'llkeep__you__informedofthematter.6．人们常常认为家人和朋友会一直在他们身边是理所当然的，却忘记了表达对他们支持的感激和谢意。People__often__take__it__for__granted__thattheirfamilyandfriendswillalwaysbethereforthem,forgettingtoexpressgratitudeandappreciationfortheirsupport.五、长难句分析(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)However,psychologistshavedemonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorviewidenticalpieces.句意：然而，心理学家已经证明，当成年人阅读新闻报道时，他们记住的内容比听或看相同的新闻报道要多。分析：句子的主干是psychologists__have__demonstrated__that__...。that引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句；if引导条件状语从句。读写用—素养提升一、深化阅读——明晰考向以阅读养阅读(2022·全国乙卷)Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.Forthem,there'ssomethinghighlyexcitingabout__41__someoneelse'sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobeseen.However,weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably__42__athiding.Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands,leavingtherestoftheirbodies__43__．Foralongtime,thisineffectivehidingmethodwas__44__asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly“egocentric”(自我中心的)creatures.Butour__45__researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology__46__thatidea.Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each__47__satdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor__48__.Wethenaskedthechildifshecould__49__orheartheadult.Surprisingly,childrenrepliedthattheycouldn't.Thesame__50__happenedwhentheadultcoveredherownmouth:__51__childrensdthattheycouldn't__52__toher.Anumberof__53__ruledoutthatthechildrenmisunderstoodwhattheywerebeingasked.Theresultswereclear:Ouryoungsubjects__54__thequestionsandknew__55__whatwasaskedofthem.Their__56__tothequestionsreflectedtheirtrue__57__that“Icanseeyouonlyifyoucanseeme,too.”Theysimply__58__mutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.Our__59__suggestwhenachild“hides”byputtingablanketoverherhead,itisnotaresultofegocentrism.Infact,childrenconsiderthismethod__60__whenothersuseit.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是由于自我中心主义，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。41．A.following B．taking C．escaping D．directing 答案：C解析：根据上文“Youngchildrenacrosstheglobeenjoyplayinggamesofhideandseek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C。42．A.clever B．bad C．scared D．quick 答案：B解析：句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。bebadatsth“不擅长某事”。故选B。43．A.exposed B．examined C．untouched D．imbalanced 答案：A解析：此处指儿童通常只用手遮住眼睛，没有遮住其余的部位，即暴露在外面。exposed无遮蔽的；examined已检查过的；untouched未受影响的；imbalanced失衡的。故选A。44．A.supported B．guaranteed C．imagined D．interpreted 答案：D解析：support支持；guarantee保证；imagine想象；interpret解释。根据下文“asevidencethatchildrenarehopelessly‘egocentric’(自我中心的)creatures”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是以自我为中心的证据。故选D。45．A.disappointing B．mixed C．surprising D．desired 答案：C解析：disappointing令人失望的；mixed混合的；surprising令人惊讶的；desired渴望的。根据下文“researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology__46__thatidea”和“itisnotaresultofegocentrism”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C。46．A.explned B．confirmed C．contradicted D．tested 答案：C解析：句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。expln解释；confirm证实；contradict与……矛盾；test测试。故选C。47．A.parent B．childC．researcher D．doctor答案：B解析：根据上文“Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4”可知，此处表示跟成年人坐在一起的是受邀参加实验的儿童。故选B。48．A.feet B．noseC．hands D．ears答案：D解析：根据下文“orheartheadult”可知，此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D。49．A.see B．helpC．reach D．fool答案：A解析：句意：然后我们问该儿童是否能看到成年人或听到成年人的声音。故选A。50．A.event B．thingC．action D．accident答案：B解析：根据下文“childrensdthattheycouldn't__52__toher”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B。51．A.Yet B．Now C．Soon D．Once 答案：B解析：句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。故选B。52．A.speak B．listen C．turn D．wave 答案：A解析：根据上文“whentheadultcoveredherownmouth”可知，此处表示孩子们说他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A。53．A.instructions B．descriptions C．experiments D．assumptions 答案：C解析：instruction命令；description说明；experiment实验；assumption假设。根据上文“researchresultsinchilddevelopmentalpsychology”可知，此处表示许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一可能性。故选C。54．Aprehended B．predictedC．explored D．ignored答案：A解析：comprehend理解；predict预测；explore探索；ignore忽略。根据下文“thequestionsandknew__55__whatwasaskedofthem”可知，儿童理解了问题。故选A。55．A.partly B．honestlyC．vaguely D．exactly答案：D解析：句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。partly部分地；honestly诚实地；vaguely含糊地；exactly确切地。故选D。56．A.responses B．approachesC．contribution D．sensitivity答案：A解析：本题属于词语同现。最有可能与“questions”同现的词语应当是“responses(回答)”，此处表示孩子们对于问题的“回答”。故选A。57．A.ability B．beliefC．identity D．purpose答案：B解析：句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我的时候，我才能看到你。”ability能力；belief看法；identity身份；purpose目的。故选B。58．A.holdback B．relateto C．insiston D．makeup 答案：C解析：句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。holdback阻止；relateto与……有关；insiston坚持；makeup弥补。故选C。59．A.limitations B．requirements C．theories D．findings 答案：D解析：句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”起来时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。limitation限制；requirement必要条件；theory理论；finding发现。故选D。60．A.tentative B．impressive C．creative D．effective 答案：D解析：tentative试探性的；impressive令人印象深刻的；creative创造性的；effective有效的。根据上文“Theysimply__58__mutual(相互的)recognitionandregard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D。根据词语同现确定答案1．某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性，叫词语同现。也有人将相关联的一群词称之为“词场”。2．同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如ill,hospital,doctor,nurse,operation,medicine,patient等一群相互关联的词语就有同时出现在一个语篇中的可能性。二、读后续写——必备微技能高品素材主题描写——奇妙经历1．yellat朝……大喊2.withanangryroar怒吼一声3．cryforhelpdesperately绝望地大声呼救4.thesmogspreadseverywhere烟雾到处弥漫5．drownsbout淹没某人6.becompletelynumb完全麻木7．theheavybreathing沉重的呼吸声8.thefootstepshittingtheroad走在路上的脚步声9．scanthesurroundings扫视四周10.musclescoillikesprings肌肉像弹簧一样紧绷11．bedrownedinthedarkness淹没在黑暗中12.seenothingbutforest除了森林什么也看不到13．themoonishanginglow月亮低垂14．berewardedwithabreathtakingview欣赏到令人叹为观止的景色15．addaspecialtastetotheadventurousvacation给冒险之旅增添一抹独特风味16．fillsbwithexcitement让某人兴奋不已17．havedifficultycontningone'sexcitement难以抑制心中的兴奋18．sweetmemoriesofthepastcrowdinonsb过去美好的记忆涌上心头高效课时作业Ⅰ.阅读A(2025·广东广雅中学花都校区高三月考)PacificScienceCenterfieldtripshavegonevirtual!BringthefunandexcitementofaPacScifieldtriptoyourstudentswhileengagingthemwithenrichingcontentdesignedtoenhanceyourcurriculum(课程)andarousetheircuriosity.PacSci'seducatorsjoinyourclassroomlivefromourCuriosityStudio,andleadstudentsthroughlivesessionsfeaturingsomeofyourfavoriteSTEAMactivities.Eachprogramis40minuteslong.Wemaybeabletoaccommodateshorterorlongerprogramstofityourneeds!AVLABLEPROGRAMSPieceofMindCost:$300MaximumNumberofParticipants:40BestforGrades:6－10Description:Beinspiredbythepowerofthebrnasstudentslearnhowitcontrolsmemory,movement,andsight.Discoverhowthebrnfunctionsthroughliveactivitiesandfunpuzzles,andseearealhumanbrnsample!SticktheLandingCost:$500(includes3sessions)MaximumNumberofParticipants:30BestforGrades:9－12Description:Overthecourseof3sessions,usethestepsoftheengineeringdesignprocesstobuildamodelofaMarslander.DiveintopastandfuturemissionstoMarsandcarefullyconsiderthecriteriaandrestrictionsforrealMarsmissions.Learnhowengineersarejustoneofthemanycareersthatcontributetocomplexsolarsystemmissions.NightSkyTonightCostVariesbyGroupSize•1－99participants:$250•100－199participants:$350•200＋participants:$550MaximumNumberofParticipants:UnlimitedBestforGrades:3－12Description:Becomeatruebackyardastronomer.Learnhowlivingonagiantspinningballchangeswhatcanbeseeneachnight.Discoverhowtofindstars,andevenhowtheskycanbeusedtofinddirections!EcosystemInvestigatorsCost:$200MaximumNumberofParticipants:50BestforGrades:3－8Description:Workasateamtocreateavirtualecosystemmodelrevealinghowlivingandnon­livingpartsconnectandinteractinanaquatic(水生的)environment.Usingnewknowledgeaboutecosysteminteractions,becomeawetlandscientistandexploretherelationshipbetweenorganismsinarealpondsample.Formoredetls,pleasecheckoutourProgramRequirements.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是太平洋科学中心的课程的一些程序。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutPacificScienceCenterfieldtrips?A．Eachprogramisforonecertngrade.B．Theexpenseforeachprogramvaries.C．Thelengthforeachprogramisunchangeable.D．Everyprogramhasamaxnumberofparticipants.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据每一个程序中的“Cost”部分所列出的价格可知，这些程序的费用各不相同。故选B。2．Cooperationisneededintheprogram________．A．PieceofMindB．SticktheLandingC．NightSkyTonightD．EcosystemInvestigators答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据EcosystemInvestigators部分中的“Workasateam...anaquatic(水生的)environment.(作为一个团队，创建一个虚拟的生态系统模型，揭示生物体和非生物体如何在水生环境中产生连接和相互作用。)”可知，在EcosystemInvestigators中需要合作。故选D。3．Thepassageisintendedfor________．A．tourguides B．researchscientistsC．schoolteachers D．programdesigners答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Bringthefun...arousetheircuriosity.(为您的学生带来PacSci实地考察的乐趣和兴奋，同时为他们提供丰富的课程内容，以增强您的课程并激发他们的好奇心。)”可推知，本文是写给学校的老师的。故选C。B(2025·广东省普宁市第一中学高三月考)It'seasynottothinkmuchabouttheintelligenceofinsects.Smallcreatureswithevensmallerbrns—howsmartcantheybe?Butasresearchersbegintorethinkhowanimalsthink,eveninsectsarebeingseeninanewlight.NowanewstudyfromtheUniversityofBristolfindsthatHeliconiusbutterflies(蝴蝶)havetheabilitytolearnaboutspace.Totestthebutterflies'spatiallearningabilities,theresearcherssetupexperimentsacrossthreedifferentspatiallevels,eachreflectingbehaviorssignificanttotheirnaturalenvironment.First,theycheckedifthebutterfliescouldfindfoodamong16flowersinasmallarea.Next,theyenlargedthespace,seeingifthebutterfliescouldchoosethecorrectsideofalargermaze(迷宫)forfood.Finally,theyusedabigoutdoorcagetoseeifthebutterfliescouldfindtheirwaythroughawideT­mazeforfood.Thebutterfliessucceededinalltests.Thestudy'sseniorauthor,DrStephenMontgomery,notesthatthesefindingsshowthecomplexbehaviorsthatevenfamiliaranimalslikebutterfliesexhibitaspartoftheirnaturalecology(生态).Thesespeciesareprocessingdiverseinformationfromtheirenvironmentandutilizingittoperformcomplextasks—allwithbrnsjustafewmillimeterswide.TheresearchersplantofurtherinvestigateHeliconiusbutterflies'spatiallearningabilitiesbycomparingthemtocloselyrelatedspeciesthatdonotfeedonpollen(花粉).Thiswillhelpshowhowananimal'senvironmentcanaffectthedevelopmentofitsthinkingskills.Co­leadauthorDrPriscilaMourastressesthesignificanceofthesefindings,sayingthattheyprovideactualevidenceofthebutterflies'fascinatingspatiallearningabilities,asubjectthathasbeendiscussedfornearlyacentury.Withthisnewunderstanding,theresearcherscancontinuetoexploreinsectintelligenceandbehavior.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项关于蝴蝶空间学习能力的研究。4．WhatdidtheUniversityofBristol'sstudyfindaboutHeliconiusbutterflies?A．Theyarecapableofspatiallearning.B．Theyrequireassistanceinfindingfood.C．Theycanflylongdistanceswithoutrest.D．Theyhaveasocialcirclelikeotherinsects.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Nowanewstudy...learnaboutspace.”可知，研究发现蝴蝶具有空间学习能力。故选A。5．WhatdoesParagraph2mnlyfocuson?A．Theresearchbenefits.B．Theresearchprocess.C．Theresearchpapers.D．Theresearchteam.答案：B解析：段落大意题。根据第二段中的“First,theychecked...T­mazeforfood.(首先，他们检查蝴蝶是否能在小区域内的16朵花中找到食物。接下来，他们扩大了空间范围，观察蝴蝶是否能在更大的迷宫中选择正确的一侧寻找食物。最后，他们用一个大的户外笼子，看蝴蝶是否能通过一个宽阔的T形迷宫找到食物。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了研究人员如何设置实验来测试蝴蝶的空间学习能力，所以本段主要专注于研究过程。故选B。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utilizing”inParagraph3mean?A．Checking. B．Seeking.C．Judging. D．Using.答案：D解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Thesespeciesare...afewmillimeterswide.(这些物种正在处理来自环境的各种信息，并utilizing这些信息执行困难的任务——而它们的大脑只有几毫米宽。)”可知，这些物种先处理来自环境的多样化信息，接下来应该是“利用”多样化信息来执行困难的任务。所以utilizing表示“利用”的意思。故选D。7．WhatisDrPriscilaMoura'sattitudetowardthefindings?A．Doubtful. B．Puzzled.C．Supportive. D．Unclear.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Co­leadauthorDrPris