Unit 1 课时4 Section B 1a-1d（分层作业）解析版

PAGEPAGE11Unit1TimetoRelax课时4SectionB(1a-1d)分层作业核心知识速记01基础达标02能力提升03拓展培优04思维进阶词汇词汇reduce/rɪˈdjuːs/v.减少；stress/stres/n.精神压力；紧张；yoga/ˈjəʊɡə/n.瑜伽；object/ˈɒbdʒɪkt/n.物品；宾语；Italian/ɪˈtæliən/adj.意大利的；意大利人的；意大利语的n.意大利人；意大利语；programmer/ˈprəʊɡræmə(r)/n.程序设计员；allow/əˈlaʊ/v.使……成为可能；允许；sense/sens/n.感觉；感官；achievement/əˈtʃiːvmənt/n.成就；coin/kɔɪn/n.硬币；stamp/stæmp/n.邮票；teenage/ˈtiːneɪdʒ/adj.青少年的；postcard/ˈpəʊstkɑːd/n.明信片；rather/ˈrɑːðə(r)/adv.相当；更准确地说old-fashioned/ˌəʊldˈfæʃnd/adj.过时的；守旧的；foreign/ˈfɒrən/adj.外国的；国外的句型1.谈论爱好的益处（动词不定式作目的状语）Peoplelistentomusictorelax.Idoyogatoreducestressandkeepfit.Hedevelopedanapptoallowpeopletofindstudypartners.2.表达观点与信念(ExpressingOpinionsandBeliefs)Ithinkthathobbiescanimproveourlives.Ibelievelearningnewskillsisimportant.Inmyopinion,collectingpostcardsisinteresting.3.说明爱好的具体作用Ithelpsmetolearnaboutdifferentcultures.Itgivesmeasenseofachievement.Idreamoftravellingtothoseplaces.一、单词默写。1.______/rɪˈdjuːs/v.减少 2.______/stres/n.精神压力3.______/ˈjəʊɡə/n.瑜伽 4.______/ˈprəʊɡræmə(r)/n.程序设计员5.______/əˈlaʊ/v.允许；使能够 6.______/əˈtʃiːvmənt/n.成就7.______/kɔɪn/n.硬币 8.______/ˈpəʊstkɑːd/n.明信片9.______/ˈfɒrən/adj.外国的 10.______/ˈtiːneɪdʒ/adj.青少年的【答案】reduce;stress;yoga;programmer;allow;achievement;coin;postcard;foreign;teenage二、词组默写。1.减轻压力______ 2.保持健康______3.成就感______ 4.梦想（做某事）______5.过时的______ 6.冷静下来______7.同时______ 8.以……开始______9.把……张贴起来______ 10.在将来______【答案】1.reducestress;2.keepfit;3.senseofachievement;4.dreamof;5.old-fashioned;6.calmdown;7.atthesametime;8.startoutas;9.putup;10.inthefuture三、根据要求完成句子1.许多人跑步是为了保持健康。Manypeoplerun__________________.2.我认为编程是一项有用的技能。____________programmingisausefulskill.3.这个应用程序使人们能够在网上找到学习伙伴。Thisapp______people______findstudypartnersonline.4.收集邮票帮助我了解世界。Collectingstampshelpsme____________theworld.5.完成这幅画给了她巨大的成就感。Finishingthepaintinggaveheragreat__________________.【答案】1.tokeepfit；2.Ithink；3.allows;to；4.learnabout；5.senseofachievement请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。1.Intheartclass,wedrewasimpleo______likeacuporabottle.2.Finishingthedifficultprojectgaveherastrongs______ofachievement.3.Everydecision,likechoosingahobby,hastwosideslikeac______.4.Shehasabeautifulcollectionofs______fromallovertheworldinheralbum.5.Hepromisedtosendmeap______fromPariswhenhevisitstheEiffelTower.6.Doingexerciseisagoodwaytor______stressafteralongdayofstudy.7.Toomuchs______fromworkorschoolcanmakepeoplefeeltiredandunhappy.8.Thisnewappa______userstolearnalanguagebychattingwithAIfriends.【答案】1.object;2.sense;3.coin;4.stamps;5.postcard;6.reduce;7.stress;8.allows五、单项选择。1.Manystudentslistentolightmusic______beforeexams.A.reducestress B.toreducestress C.reducingstress D.reducedstress2.—Whatdoyouthinkofhernewhobby?—______it‘sagreatwaytomakenewfriends.A.Iknow B.Isee C.Ithink D.Ihope3.Learninganewlanguage______metounderstanddifferentcultures.A.makes B.allows C.pushes D.decides4.Mybrotherisagame______.HeworksforabigITcompany.A.instructor B.programmer C.collector D.teenager5.Finishingthemarathongavehimawonderful______.A.senseofstress B.dreamoftravel C.waytorelax D.senseofachievement6.Shedoesn‘tcollectcoins.______,shecollectsbeautifulstonesfromdifferentplaces.A.Because B.Instead C.Also D.However7.—Whydoeshepractisecalligraphyeveryday?—Hedoesit______calmandfocused.A.stay B.staying C.tostay D.stayed8.Somepeoplethinkwritinglettersis______,butIthinkit‘sameaningfulwaytoconnect.A.creative B.foreign C.old-fashioned D.physical【答案】1.B2.C3.B4.B5.D6.B7.C8.C六、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1.Learningabout______(foreign)culturesisoneofthereasonswhyshelovestravelling.2.Herdreamistobecomeasuccessfulgame______(program)inthefuture.3.Forabeginner,climbingthatmountainwasareal______(achieve).4.Thebookisverypopularamong______(teenage)wholoveadventurestories.5.Weenjoyedthedelicious______(Italy)foodatthenewrestaurantdowntown.【答案】foreign;programmer;achievement;teenagers;Italian选词填空.根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。moment

important

choose

dance

you

activity

bring

nature

healthy

everyoneHavingahobbyisanimportantpartofamiddleschoolstudent’slife.Itcan1joyandhelphimorherrelaxafteralongdayofstudying.Somestudentsenjoysingingand2inaclub,andsomeliketohavefunonlinewithfriends.Findingahobbyis3__.Ifyoulove4,youcantakenicephotosofplantsandanimals.Thenyoucanshare5photosontheInternet.Ifyouareamusiclover,youcanpractiseaninstrument.Thenyoucantakepartinsomemusic6.Sportsarealsopopularhobbiesformiddleschoolstudents.Joiningavolleyballteamorgoingskatingcanhelpyoustay7andmakenewfriends.Ithelpsyougetawayfromhomeworkandenjoyawonderful8withyourteammates.Ihope9understandstheimportanceofhobbies.Whathobbywillyou10?It’simportanttohaveone.Itcanhelpyoushowyourfeelingsandfindhappinessinyourlife.Sodon’tbeafraidtotrysomethingdifferent.【答案】1．bring2．dancing3．important4．nature5．your6．activities7．healthy8．moment9．everyone10．choose【导语】本文主要讲述了拥有爱好对中学生的重要性，并举例说明了不同类型的爱好及其益处，鼓励学生尝试不同的爱好来丰富生活。1．句意：它可以带来快乐，帮助他或她在漫长的一天学习后放松。根据“Havingahobby…canhelphimorherrelaxafteralongdayofstudying”结合备选词可知，这里指的是爱好可以带来放松。bring“带来”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填bring。2．句意：一些学生喜欢在俱乐部唱歌和跳舞，还有一些人喜欢和朋友在网上玩得开心。根据“Somestudentsenjoysingingand…inaclub”结合备选词可知，这里指的是跳舞。dance“跳舞”，and连接并列结构，用动名词形式。故填dancing。3．句意：找到一个爱好很重要。根据“Findingahobbyis…”结合备选词可知，这里指的是很重要。important“重要的”，作表语。故填important。4．句意：如果你热爱自然，你可以拍摄植物和动物的美丽照片。根据“Ifyoulove…youcantakenicephotosofplantsandanimals”结合备选词可知，这里指的是自然。nature“自然”，名词。故填nature。5．句意：然后你可以在互联网上分享你的照片。根据“Thenyoucanshare…photosontheInternet”结合备选词可知，这里指的是你的照片。you“你”，需用形容词性物主代词your。故填your。6．句意：然后你可以参加一些音乐活动。根据“youcantakepartinsomemusic…”结合备选词可知，这里指的是活动。activity“活动”，名词用复数形式表示泛指。故填activities。7．句意：加入排球队或去滑冰可以帮助你保持健康并结交新朋友。根据“Joiningavolleyballteamorgoingskatingcanhelpyoustay…”结合备选词可知，这里指的是保持健康。healthy“健康的”，作表语。故填healthy。8．句意：它帮助你远离作业，与队友享受美好时刻。根据“enjoyawonderful…withyourteammates”结合备选词可知，这里指的是美好时刻。moment“时刻”符合语境。故填moment。9．句意：我希望每个人都理解爱好的重要性。根据“Ihope…understandstheimportanceofhobbies”结合备选词可知，这里指的是每个人。everyone“每个人”。故填everyone。10．句意：你会选择什么爱好？根据“Whathobbywillyou…”结合备选词可知，这里指的是选择爱好。choose“选择”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填choose。八、阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。Whydoyouneedhobbies?Astudyhasfoundthatpeoplearemorepositivewhentheytakepartinarelaxingactivity.1Scientistsalsothinktheymightbegoodforyourbrain.Howdoyouchoosetherighthobby?Startwithwhatyouenjoyedinthepast.Didyouonceplayfootball?2Ifyoufinditisn’tforyou,stopandturntosomethingnew.Probablyjoiningaclassorateamwillgiveyouachancetomeetotherpeople.Whichrelaxingactivitiesaregoodforphysicalhealth?It’sclearthatexerciseisgoingtobegoodforyourbody,forexample,walking.3Areviewof94studiesfoundthatdancingthreetimesaweekimprovedbalanceinolderpeople.Gettingoutinnatureishelpful,whetheryou’rehikingordoingsomethinglessactive.Whichhobbieskeepyourmindactive?4Playingthepianoorlisteningtoyourfavouritebandcanhelpyoumakeit.Researchershavefoundreadingisalsogoodforyourbrain.5Solet’stakeupgreathobbies.A．Dancingiswonderfulexercise.B．Takeitupagainorstartsomethingelse.C．Readingmorebookscanhelpyou.D．Learninganinstrumentandreadingarethebestchoices.E．Otherstudieshaveshownthathobbiescangiveyouasenseofachievement.F．Hobbiesletyouforgetyourworriesandhavefun.【答案】1．E2．B3．A4．D5．F【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了爱好对人们身心健康的好处，以及如何选择合适的爱好。1．根据上文“Astudyhasfoundthatpeoplearemorepositivewhentheytakepartinarelaxingactivity.”可推知，空处需要补充其他研究结果，说明爱好的额外好处。选项E“其他研究表明，爱好可以给你带来成就感。”符合语境，故选E。2．根据上文“Didyouonceplayfootball?”和下文“Ifyoufinditisn’tforyou,stopandturntosomethingnew.”可推知，空处需填入关于重新开始旧爱好或尝试新爱好的建议。选项B“重新拾起它或开始其他事情。”符合语境，故选B。3．根据下文“Areviewof94studiesfoundthatdancingthreetimesaweekimprovedbalanceinolderpeople.”可推知，空处需填入关于跳舞作为锻炼方式的说明。选项A“跳舞是极好的锻炼。”符合语境，故选A。4．根据下文“Playingthepianoorlisteningtoyourfavouritebandcanhelpyoumakeit.Researcheshavefoundreadingisalsogoodforyourbrain.”可推知，空处的内容和乐器以及阅读有关。选项D“学习乐器和阅读是最佳选择。”符合语境，故选D。5．根据下文“Solet’stakeupgreathobbies.”可推知，空处需要总结爱好的总体好处。选项F“爱好让你忘记烦恼，享受乐趣。”符合语境，故选F。九、阅读理解。Asthesayinggoes,“Theclothesmaketheman.”Itistruethatourwearsaysalotaboutthekindofpersonweare.Kate,aged18.Sheisacollegestudent.Shelikeswearinglong,loose(宽松的)clothes,becausetheyarecomfortable.“IliketowearKoreanstyleclothes,becausetheyarepopularwithyoungpeople,andtheycostlessmoney.Youknow,Iamapoorstudent,”Katesaid.Sandy,aged24.Sheisaworkerofabank.Shealwayshatestowearboringuniformsatwork.Shelikeswearingbright,colorfulclothesinherfreetime.JeansandT-shirtsareherfavorite.“Ineverbuyveryexpensiveclothes,becauseIlikewearingfashionableclothesandfashionchangesallthetime,”Sandysaid.Molly,aged38.Sheisanofficeworkerforafashionmagazine.Usually,shelikeswearingbeautifuldressatwork.“Iliketobuysomehigh-end(高档的)clothes,becausetheycanshowmystyleandtaste,”Mollysaid.Allinall,theclothesdifferentpeoplelikesayalotaboutthem.Sotakealookatyourwardrobe(衣橱).Whatdoyourclothessayaboutyou?1．WhatkindofclothesdoesKatelike?A．Longandlooseclothes. B．Brightandcolorfulclothes. C．Smallandshortclothes.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”refertoinParagraph4?A．Cheapclothes. B．Uniforms. C．High-endclothes.3．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．DifferentAges,DifferentDreams B．TheClothesMaketheMan C．TheFashionChangesAlltheTime4．Whatisthebeststructureofthepassage?(①=Paragraph1)A． B． C．【答案】1．A2．C3．B4．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过凯特、桑迪、莫莉三位不同年龄、不同职业的人对服装的喜好，说明“人靠衣装”，不同的人所喜欢的衣服能反映出他们的特点。1．细节理解题。根据“Kate,aged18.Sheisacollegestudent.Shelikeswearinglong,loose(宽松的)clothes”可知，凯特喜欢长且宽松的衣服，故选A。2．词句猜测题。根据“‘Iliketobuysomehigh-end(高档的)clothes,becausetheycanshowmystyleandtaste,’Mollysaid.”可知，“they”指代的是前面提到的“high-endclothes”，故选C。3．最佳标题题。文章开篇引用“Asthesayinggoes,‘Theclothesmaketheman.’”，然后通过不同人物的例子说明衣服能反映人的情况，最后总结“Allinall,theclothesdifferentpeoplelikesayalotaboutthem.”，选项B“人靠衣装”契合主旨，故选B。4．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述衣服能反映人的特点；第二、三、四段分别介绍凯特、桑迪、莫莉三人的服装喜好；第五段总结不同人喜欢的衣服能反映他们的情况。所以结构是①总起，②③④分述，⑤总结，故选B。十、完形填空。InadanceroominChangchun,Jilin,agroupofwomenwearingballetdressesmovebeautifullyacrossthefloor.Thisisaspecialballet1forolderwomen,calledBalletGrandmas.Themembersshowthatit’snevertoolateto2yourdream.Formanymembersaged40toover70,balletismorethana3.It’sadreamcometrue.“WhenIwasyoung,I4watchingballetshows,”saidKongXiaoli,70,oneofthefirstmembersofthegroup.“Butlifegotintheway.NowI’mretired(退休的),5IcandowhatIlove.”Manygrandmasjoinedthegroupwithoutdance6,butitdidn’tstopthem.“Ididn’tlearnballetbefore,”saidZhangMeizhu,whoisinher70sandhasosteoporosis(骨质疏松症).Atfirst,herfamilywasagainstherjoiningthegroupastheywere7shemightgethurt.Butsherefusedto8.Anothermember,ZhangWeihua,56,kept9eventhoughherfamilydidn’tbelieveheratfirst.Whentheysawhowconfidentand10shebecame,theysupported(支持)herdreamofdancingafterretirement.Balletis11,especiallyforolderpeople.Butthewomenworkedhardtoimprovetheir12.“Standingontiptoe(踮着脚)isdifficult.13candoiteasily,”Kongsaid.“Butwetryourbesttolearntodoit.”Ballethasbroughtthesewomentogether,making14feelhappyandconfident.Theyareshowingthatit’s15toolatetostartsomethingnew.1．A．class B．movie C．competition D．passage2．A．imagine B．repair C．delete D．follow3．A．risk B．feeling C．hobby D．deal4．A．loved B．forgot C．disliked D．finished5．A．but B．so C．or D．if6．A．truth B．pressure C．interest D．experience7．A．glad B．crazy C．afraid D．excited8．A．wakeup B．giveup C．runaway D．helpout9．A．trying B．changing C．guessing D．appearing10．A．angry B．tired C．bored D．happy11．A．hard B．meaningless C．fair D．proper12．A．relations B．skills C．opinions D．reports13．A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody D．Anybody14．A．us B．her C．them D．you15．A．always B．never C．already D．Still【答案】1．A2．D3．C4．A5．B6．D7．C8．B9．A10．D11．A12．B13．C14．C15．B【导语】本文讲述了吉林长春一群中老年女性组成“芭蕾奶奶”舞团，坚持学习芭蕾，克服困难实现梦想，说明了年龄不是追求热爱的障碍。1．句意：这是一个专为中老年女性开设的特殊芭蕾班，名为“芭蕾奶奶”。class班；movie电影；competition比赛；passage段落。根据“KongXiaoli,70,oneofthefirstmembersofthegroup”可知，这是一个集体，应该是一个特殊的芭蕾“班”。故选A。2．句意：成员们证明，追逐梦想永远不晚。imagine设想；repair修理；delete删除；follow追逐。根据“Formanymembersaged40toover70”可知，芭蕾舞班的成员年纪都很大，因此她们证明了“追逐”梦想永远不晚。故选D。3．句意：对许多40岁至70多岁的成员来说，芭蕾不仅是爱好。risk冒险；feeling感受；hobby爱好；deal交易。根据“Formanymembersaged40toover70,balletismorethana...It’sadreamcometrue.”可知，对于这些奶奶来说，芭蕾是一个实现的梦，也说明了芭蕾不只是一项“爱好”。故选C。4．句意：“年轻时，我就爱看芭蕾演出，”70岁的首批成员孔晓丽（音译）说道。loved爱；forgot忘记；disliked不喜欢；finished完成。根据“WhenIwasyoung,I...watchingballetshows”和“Butlifegotintheway.”可知，孔奶奶年轻时“爱”看芭蕾演出，但她受生活所迫（无法跳芭蕾）。故选A。5．句意：如今我退休了，所以我能做自己喜欢的事了。but但是；so所以；or或者；if如果。“IcandowhatIlove”是“I’mretired”引出的结果，用so表示结果。故选B。6．句意：许多奶奶加入时毫无舞蹈经验，但这并未阻挡她们。truth实情；pressure压力；interest兴趣；experience经验。根据“Manygrandmasjoinedthegroupwithoutdance...,butitdidn’tstopthem.”可知，阻挡她们加入芭蕾舞队的应该是没有舞蹈“经验”。故选D。7．句意：起初家人反对她加入，害怕她会受伤。glad高兴的；crazy疯狂的；afraid害怕的；excited激动的。根据“herfamilywasagainstherjoiningthegroupastheywere...shemightgethurt”可知，家人反对她加入芭蕾舞队，是因为他们“害怕”她受伤。故选C。8．句意：但她拒绝放弃。wakeup醒来；giveup放弃；runaway逃跑；helpout帮助摆脱困境。根据“herfamilywasagainstherjoiningthegroupastheywere...shemightgethurt”和“sherefusedto...”可知，尽管家人反对她加入芭蕾舞队，但是她拒绝“放弃”。故选B。9．句意：另一位56岁的成员张伟华（音译），尽管家人起初不相信她，但她仍坚持尝试。trying尝试；changing改变；guessing猜；appearing出现。根据“Anothermember,ZhangWeihua,56,kept...eventhoughherfamilydidn’tbelieveheratfirst.”可知，即使家人不相信她能跳芭蕾，她还是坚持“尝试”。故选A。10．句意：当家人看到她变得自信而快乐后，便支持了她退休跳舞的梦想。angry生气的；tired累的；bored无聊的；happy快乐的。根据“Whentheysawhowconfidentand...shebecame,theysupportedherdream”可知，家人们支持她的梦想了，说明他们看到了她变得自信而“快乐”。故选D。11．句意：芭蕾很难，尤其对老年人。hard困难的；meaningless无意义的；fair公平的；proper恰当的。根据“Butthewomenworkedhardtoimprovetheir...”可知，这些老年女性很努力地提升技能，说明芭蕾舞很“难”。故选A。12．句意：但这些女性努力提升技能。relations关系；skills技能；opinions观点；reports报道。根据“Butwetryourbesttolearntodoit.”可知，她们尽最大努力学习跳芭蕾，说明她们努力提升“技能”。故选B。13．句意：“踮脚尖很难。没有人能轻松做到，”孔奶奶说。Everybody每个人；Somebody某人；Nobody没有人；Anybody任何人。根据“Standingontiptoeisdifficult.”可知，踮起脚尖跳芭蕾很困难，所以应该是“没有人”能够轻松做到。故选C。14．句意：芭蕾让这些女性相聚，使她们感到快乐与自信。us我们；her她；them他/她/它们；you你（们）。根据“Ballethasbroughtthesewomentogether,making...feelhappyandconfident.”可知，芭蕾使这些女性感到快乐与自信，them指代的是“thesewomen”。故选C。15．句意：她们证明，开始新事物永远为时不晚。always总是；never从不，永不；already已经；still仍然。根据“Themembersshowthatit’snevertoolateto...yourdream.”和“Theyareshowingthatit’s...toolatetostartsomethingnew.”可知，本文前后都表明了追随梦想、开始新事物“永不”晚。故选B。MoreThanaPastime:WhenHobbiesBuildCommunityPart1:ReadandExploreAhobbyisoftenseenasapersonalescape—awaytorelax,learn,orsimplyhavefun.Butforsome,ahobbycangrowintosomethingthattouchesthelivesofothersandstrengthensthecommunityaroundthem.Leo’sStory:MusicThatConnectsLeo,a15-year-oldfromToronto,Canada,pickeduphisgrandfather’soldguitarthreeyearsago.Atfirst,hejustwantedtolearnhisfavouritesongs.“Playingguitarhelpedmereducestressafterschool,”hesays.Butashegotbetter,anideastruckhim.Henoticedmanyelderlypeopleinhisneighbourhoodseemedlonely.“Ibelievemusiccanbringpeopletogether,”Leothought.Hestarted“PorchSessions,”whereheplaysgentlemusiconhisfrontporcheverySundayafternoon.Neighbours,especiallyseniors,begantogather,bringingchairsandsmiles.Now,it’saweeklycommunityevent.“It’snolongerjustmyhobby,”Leosmiles.“It’sourmomentofconnection.IfeelarealsenseofachievementwhenIseepeoplechattingandlaughing.”Samira’sStory:ArtThatProtectsInacoastaltowninAustralia,14-year-oldSamirahasauniquehobby:sheobservesseabirdsandpaintsdetailedpicturesofthem.Shestartedthishobbyduringafamilybeachtripfouryearsago.“Ijustlovedhowfreetheylooked,”sherecalls.However,shesoonlearnedthatmanyofthesebirdswereindangerduetoplasticpollution.Samirathinksartcanbeapowerfulvoice.Shebegancreatinglarge,colourfulpostersofthebirdswithmessagesaboutkeepingbeachesclean.Shesellsprintsofherpaintingsonlineandusesallthemoneytosupportalocalwildliferescuegroup.“Myhobbyallowsmetolearnaboutnatureandallowsmetoprotectitatthesametime,”Samiraexplains.“It’smywayofhelping.”Thesestoriesshowthatahobbycanstartasasimplepersonalinterestandgrowintoaforceforgood,creatingripplesofpositivechangefarbeyondoneself.Task1:SpottheOpinionThepassagecontainsstatementsoffactandstatementsofopinion.Readthesentencesbelow.Ifthesentenceexpressesafeeling,belief,orjudgment(anOpinion),writeO.Ifitstatessomethingthatcanbeproventrueorfalse(aFact),writeF.1.______Leoisa15-year-oldfromToronto,Canada.2.______PlayingguitarhelpedLeoreducestressafterschool.3.______Musiccanbringpeopletogether.4.______“PorchSessions”isaweeklycommunityevent.5.______Artcanbeapowerfulvoice.6.______Samirasellsprintsofherpaintingsonline.7.______AhobbycangrowintoaforceforgoodTask2：CompletethetablewithdetailsfromLeo’