2026《金版教程》高考复习方案英语人教经典版-UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS

一背记单词/词块◎灾难1．tornadon.龙卷风；旋风2．droughtn.旱灾3．landsliden.(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡4．tsunamin.海啸5．floodn.洪水6．volcaniceruption火山喷发7．magnituden.(地)震级；重大8．typhoonn.台风9．hurricanen.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风◎影响10．destroyvt.毁灭11．damagen.损坏12．evacuatevt.疏散；撤出13．crackn.裂纹14．ruinn．&vt.破坏15．trapvt.使落入险境n.陷阱16．buryvt.埋葬；安葬17．crashvt.&vi.碰撞18．strikevi.&vt.侵袭◎救援19．rescuen．&vt.营救20．helicoptern.直升机21．sheltern.避难处；居所；庇护22．effortn.努力23．unifyvi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体24．supplyn.供应25．powern.电力供应26．calmadj.镇静的vt.使镇静27．dn.援助28．kitn.成套工具；成套设备29．firstdkit急救箱◎其他30．slidevi.&vt.滑行；滑动31．gasn.气体；燃气；汽油32．percentn.百分之……33．brickn.砖；砖块34．metaln.金属35．contextn.上下文；语境；背景36．tapvi.&vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍37．pipen.管子38．whistlevi.吹口哨n.哨子(声)39．sweepvt.&vi.打扫；清扫40．wavevi.&vt.挥手；招手二词形变化1．disastern.灾难→disastrousadj.灾难性的2．diev.死亡→deadadj.死的→deadlyadj.致命的→deathn.死亡3．affectvt.影响→affectionn.感情4．shockn.震惊vt.(使)震惊→shockingadj.令人震惊的→shockedadj.感到震惊的5．electricadj.电的→electronicadj.电子的→electricityn.电6．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn.呼吸→breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的→breathingn.呼吸7．revivevt.&vi.复活→revivaln.振兴8．wiseadj.明智的→wisdomn.智慧9．suffervt.遭受→sufferingn.痛苦→sufferern.患难者10．volcanon.火山→volcanicadj.火山的→volcanicallyadv.火山似地11．eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆发→eruptionn.喷发12．survivevi.生存→survivaln.幸存→survivorn.幸存者13．emergevi.浮现→emergentadj.紧急的→emergencyn.突发事件14．delivervt.&vi.递送→deliveryn.投递15．sumv.概括→summarizev.总结→summaryn.总结16．effectn.影响→effectiveadj.有效的→effectivenessn.有效性17．longadj.长的→lengthn.长度→lengthenv.变长1．Peoplewereshockedtoseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.Theshockingnewsshockedallthepeoplearound.(shock)2．Masteringsomebasicskillswouldgreatlyincreaseyourchancesofsurviving/survival.Thankstotheswimmingskills,heandhisfriendsucceededinsurvivingtheterriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwosurvivors．(survive)3．Thedeadlydiseasehasaffectedmanypeopleandhascausedatleast30deathsuptonow.(die)4．Yesterday,Iclimbedthemountntoptobreathethefreshr.AlthoughIbecamebreathlesswhenIwasonthetop,thebreathingoffreshrwasworthit.(breath)5．Asthedaysbegintolengtheninspring,wefeelalongingforthewarmsunshineandspendmoretimeenjoyingtheincreasedlengthofdaylight.(long)6．Thecouriercompanypromisestodeliveryourpackageontime,ensuringareliableandefficientdeliveryservice.(deliver)7．Thenewmarketingstrategyhasproventobehighlyeffective,__generatingasignificanteffectonsalesanddemonstratingitseffectivenessinboostingbrandawareness.(effect)8．Asthesituationbegantoemergeascritical,theteamquicklyrespondedtotheemergentneeds,coordinatingeffortstoaddresstheemergency．(emerge)三熟词生义1.slide[熟义]v.(使)滑行；滑动[生义]v.悄悄移动2．trap[熟义]n.险境；陷阱v.使落入险境；使陷入圈套[生义]v.把……困住；留存，储存(气体/水等)3．suffer[熟义]v.遭受；蒙受；(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦[生义]v.变差；变糟4．power[熟义]n.电力供应；力量[生义]v.驱动；推动5．tap[熟义]n.水龙头；塞子[生义]v．&n.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍1．BecauseofthegreenhouseeffecttheEarthiswarmedbygasestrappedintheatmosphere.由于温室效应，储存在大气层中的气体使地球变暖。2．Hisschoolworkissufferingbecauseoffamilyproblems.因为家庭问题他的学业日渐退步。3．Thercraftispoweredbyajetengine.这架飞机由喷气发动机驱动。4．Shefeltataponhershoulder.她感觉到有人在她肩上拍了一下。5．Toavoidbeingcaught,hesecretlyslidintotheclassroomthroughthebackdoor.为了不被抓住，他悄悄地从后门溜进了教室。小积累wordfamilies1.自然灾害一览①tornado龙卷风；旋风②flood洪水③typhoon台风④hurricane飓风⑤earthquake地震⑥tsunami海啸2.各种“救援”①rescuen．&vt.营救；救援②evacuatev.疏散；撤离③supplyn.补给品④lifesavingoperation救生行动⑤reliefgoods救援物资⑥firstdkit急救箱3.“if短语”大家族①as__if似乎；好像②ifonly但愿③ifso如果是这样的话；要是这样④ifany如果有的话⑤ifsandbuts借口；托词⑥even__if即使，尽管一词表短语1．as__if似乎；好像；仿佛2．in__ruins严重受损；破败不堪3．in__shock震惊；吃惊4．in__the__open__r露天；在户外5．on__hand现有(尤指帮助)6．sweep__away消灭；彻底消除选用上面的短语填空1．Fortunately,therewereseveraldoctorson__handtoprovideimmediatemedicalassistancewhentheaccidentoccurred.2．Hespokewithsuchconfidencethateveryonelistenedtohimas__ifhewereanexpertinthefield.3．Theancientcity,onceprosperous,nowliesin__ruins,__asadreminderofwarspast.4．Whensheheardthenews,shewasin__shock,__unabletospeakforseveralminutes.二写作词块1．natural__disasters自然灾难2．put__up__shelters搭建避难所3．deliver__food__and__supplies运送食物和用品4．greenhouse__effect/side__effect温室效应/副作用5．rescue__sb__from从……中营救某人6．do/cause__damage__to对……有损害7．shelter__...__from__...保护……免受到……8．be__trapped__in困住；陷入困境9．calm__down平静下来；镇静下来10．come__to__one's__d帮助某人11．in__summary总的来说12．disaster__prevention__and__recovery防灾和灾后恢复1．(教材P50)鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。(too＋形容词＋to...“太……而不能……”)Chickens__and__even__pigs__were__too__nervous__to__eat,__and__dogs__refused__to__go__inside__buildings.2．(教材P50)仿佛世界末日即将来临！(asif引导虚拟语气)It__seemed__as__if__the__world__were__coming__to__an__end!3．(教材P54)当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。(bedoing...when...“正在做……这时(突然)……”)I__was__having__breakfast__with__my__three__children__when__water__started__filling__my__home.自主检测一、重点单词1．disastern.灾难；灾害→disastrousadj.灾难性的，使损失惨重的；极失败的，很糟的2．diev.死亡→deadadj.死的→deadlyadj.致命的→deathn.死；死亡3．shockn.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→shockingadj.令人震惊的→shockedadj.感到震惊的4．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivaln.幸存；生还→survivorn.幸存者；生还者5．wiseadj.(行为或决定)明智的，高明的；有学问的→wisdomn.智慧；才智6．emergevi.浮现；出现→emergentadj.紧急的→emergencyn.突发事件；紧急情况7．effectn.影响；结果；效果→effectiveadj.有效的→effectivenessn.有效性8．longadj.长的→lengthn.长；长度→lengthenv.(使)变长9．volcanon.火山→volcanicadj.火山的→volcanicallyadv.火山似地10．electricadj.电的→electronicadj.电子的→electricityn.电；电能11．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→sufferingn.痛苦→sufferern.患难者12．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn.呼吸→breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的→breathingn.呼吸拔高词汇—高分必备1.cater/'keItə(r)/v.迎合；满足需求；提供饮食或服务2．cookout/'kʊkaʊt/n.露天烧烤餐3．companionship/kəm'pænjənʃIp/n.友谊；友好交往4．fierce/fIəs/adj.(动作或情感)强烈的，激烈的5.confess/kən'fes/v.供认，招供；承认，坦白6．endurance/In'djʊərəns/n.忍耐力；耐久力7．exclude/Ik'skluːd/vt.(故意)不包括，把……排除在外8．expedition/ˌekspə'dIʃ(ə)n/n.探险；远征二、重点语块Intheaftermathofthedevastatingdisaster,thetownstoodin__ruins(严重受损),as__if(似乎，好像)agianthandhad__swept__away(消灭)everythinginitspath.Peoplewerein__shock(震惊),standingin__the__open__r(露天)amidstthedebris,unabletocomprehendthemagnitudeoftheloss.Butamidstthechaos,helpwason__hand(现有).Volunteersandrescueteamsquicklyorganizedtodeliver__food__and__supplies(运送食物和用品)tothoseinneed.Slowly,thecommunitybegantocalm__down(平静下来),findingstrengthinunityastheyworkedtogethertorebuild.三、重点句式1．他谈论那个城市，就好像他以前去过那里一样。(asif引导虚拟语气)Hetalkedaboutthecityas__if__he__had__been__there__before．2．他们正在搭建临时住所时，突然又发生了一次余震。(bedoing...when...“正在做……这时(突然)……”)They__were__setting__up__temporary__shelters__whenasuddenaftershockoccurred.四、写作佳句1．【教材P50】仿佛世界末日即将来临！It__seemed__as__if__the__world__were__coming__to__an__end!2．【教材P50】幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。Everywhere__survivors__looked,__there__was__nothing__but__ruins.3．【教材P50】唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。Tangshan__started__to__revive__itself__and__get__back__up__on__its__feet.4．【教材P54】然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。However,__dangerous__conditions__and__damaged__roads__will__make__it__difficult__to__deliver__food__and__supplies.硬核考点考点1floodn.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没afloodof...大量的……floodin/into/outof大量涌入/蜂拥而出floodback涌上心头befloodedwith充满/挤满……表示“情感”的名词＋flood(s)oversb某人非常/深感……1.(2023·全国甲卷)AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.2．TheytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandtovisitingChinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.3．一股巨大的暖流淹没了我的全身，就像我们之间的一堵墙被推倒了。(写作佳句)A__huge__wave__of__warmth__flooded__all__over__my__bodyanditseemedlikeawallbetweenustorndown.4．当我们参观我的故居时，回忆涌上心头。When__we__visited__my__old__family__home,__memory__came__flooding__back.考点2affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动bedeeply/greatlyaffectedby...被……影响；被……深深打动beaffectedwith...染上……疾病show/have/feelmuch/anaffectionfor...(非常)喜爱……1．Theelderlymanwasaffectedwithseverecold,makingitdifficultforhimtomovearoundfreely.2．Hehasadeepaffectionforhishometown,wherehegrewupandspentmostofhischildhood.3．整个地区都受到大旱的严重影响，导致大面积的作物歉收。The__entire__region__was__deeply__affected__by__the__severe__drought,__leadingtowidespreadcropflure.考点3buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩藏；使沉浸，使专心buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面buryone'sheadinone'sarms双手抱头eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beburiedin,buryoneselfin))eq\b\lc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(（doing）sth\a\vs4\al(埋头于/专心于,（做）某事)))1.Unfortunately,somestudentsignorePEclasses,duringwhichtheysimplybury__themselves__in__homework(埋头于家庭作业)orjustidlethetimeaway.2．她啜泣着，双手捂着脸。(写作佳句)She__sobbed,__hiding/burying/covering__her__face__in__her__hands.3．Davidstillrefusedtolookatmeandhisheadwasburiedinhisarms.(写作佳句)→Davidstillrefusedtolookatme,burying__his__head__in__his__arms．(分词(短语)作状语)→Davidstillrefusedtolookatme,with__his__head__buried__in__his__arms．(with的复合结构)→Davidstillrefusedtolookatme,his__head__buried__in__his__arms．(独立主格结构)考点4effortn.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力makeaneffort/efforts/everyefforttodosth努力做某事puteffortinto(doing)sth投入精力(做)某事sparenoefforttodosth不遗余力做某事bewellworththeeffort值得努力witheffort费劲地withouteffort轻松地inanefforttodo...为了做……effortlesscharm天生的魅力1.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Youcanviewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttodyoureffortsto__build(build)aminimalistlifestylethatworksforyourparticularcircumstances.2．Inaneffortto__save(save)money,shestartedmakingherownmealsinsteadofeatingouteveryday.3．然而，他不遗余力地追赶着其他人，丝毫没有放弃的迹象。(写作佳句)However,he__spared__no__effort__to__catch__up__with__the__others,__showingnosignofgivingup.4．我们可以通过经常跑步和保持均衡饮食，努力保持身体健康。(写作佳句)We__can__put__effort__into__mntning__our__fitness__by__running__regularly__and__keeping__a__balanced__diet.【译林版必修第三册写作佳句】Afterarollcallconfirmedthatallweresafeandsound,theyrelaxed,laughing,cryingandhuggingeachother.点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才松了一口气，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。考点5strikevi.&vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲响，报时vt.给……印象；突然想到n.罢工；罢课；袭击bestruckby/with...被……击中；被……打动Itstrikes/hitssbthat...＝Itoccurstosbthat某人突然想起……strike...intoone'sheart使某人感到……Whatstrikessbmostis(that)...给某人印象最深的是……strikeabalance两者兼顾；达到平衡be/goonstrike在/举行罢工1.Themomentofourdeparturefinallyarrivedasthe__clock__struck__11(钟敲响11点)．2．在整个活动过程中，我被世界上种类繁多、令人惊叹的植物所震撼，并了解到了用于医疗的植物，以及为动物提供食物和庇护的植物。(写作佳句)Throughouttheevent,I__was__struck__by__the__incredible__variety__of__plantsthatexistinourworldandlearnedaboutplantsthatareusedformedicalpurposes,aswellasthosethatprovidefoodandshelterforanimals.3．我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。It__struck__me__all__of__a__sudden__thatplayingagnsttheotherteamisagreatlearningopportunity.＝It__suddenly__hit__me__thatplayingagnsttheotherteamisagreatlearningopportunity.＝It__suddenly__occurred__to__me__thatplayingagnsttheotherteamisagreatlearningopportunity.考点6effectn.影响；结果；效果haveaneffect/influence/impacton/upon...对……有影响comeintoeffect＝takeeffect生效；起作用ineffect有效，生效；实际上，事实上beofnoeffect无效果的sideeffect副作用greenhouseeffect温室效应causeandeffect因果关系1.(2023·全国甲卷)Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalquartersisalsohighlyeffective(effect)atgettinggrizzliesaway.2．ThemedicationI'mtakingissupposedtocome__into/take__effect__within__an__hour(一小时内生效),andIshouldstartfeelingbettersoon.3．通过实践，我发现烹饪不仅提高了我的烹饪技巧，还对我产生了镇静的效果。(写作佳句)Throughmypractice,Ifoundthatcookingnotonlyimprovedmyculinaryskills,but__also__had__a__calming__effect__on__me.4．温室效应导致地球温度上升，导致气候变化和全球变暖。The__greenhouse__effect__is__causing__the__Earth's__temperature__to__rise,__leadingtoclimatechangeandglobalwarming.考点7asif引导虚拟语气asif/though＋陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)asif/though＋虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)虚拟现在：did(be动词用were)虚拟过去：haddone虚拟将来：would/might/could＋do1.Theymovedandjumpedfastandsmoothlyacrosseveryobstacleasiftheywere(be)flying.2．眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。(写作佳句)Tearsswirlinginhiseyes,Davidrsedhishead,lookedatmeas__if__he__would__say__something,__butloweredhisheadonceagn.3．她英语说得如此流利，好像她是母语者似的。She__speaks__English__so__fluently__as__if__she__were__a__native__speaker.考点8bedoing...when...正在做……这时(突然)……when用作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”。when表示“这时(突然)”之意，还用于以下三种句型：beabouttodo...when...正要做……这时(突然)……beonthepoint/verge/edgeofdoing...when...正要做……这时(突然)……had(just)done...when...刚做完……这时(突然)……1.Wehad__reached(reach)thevillagewhenitbegantorn.2．Iwasaboutto__answer(answer)thequestionwhenastrangerenteredtheclassroom.3．我在网上搜索相关信息时，手机响了。IwassearchingtheInternetfortherelevantinformationwhen__my__cellphone__rang．4．我正在玩电脑游戏，这时突然我的电脑崩溃了。Iwas__on__the__point/verge/edge__of__playing__computer__gameswhenmycomputerbrokedown.【外研版必修第三册写作佳句】Lookingthroughmynewspaper,I'mshockedbyphotosshowingthatatyphooninAsiahasdestroyedatown.我翻阅着手里的报纸，震惊地看到亚洲的台风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。强化训练一、单句语法填空1．Hewasdeeplyaffectedbythesuddendeathofhisbestfriend,andhestruggledtocopewiththelossforweeks.2．However,whenwedothatsamejoboutoflove,wenotonlyenjoywhatwedo,butalsodoitwithaneffortless(effort)feeling.3．Struckbywhathehaddoneforme,Icouldn'tcontnmyself,tearsofgratitudeflowingdownmycheeks.4．Withhisfaceburiedinhishands,hetriedtocontrolhisweeping.5．Thelocalclubsaremakingeveryeffortto__interest(interest)moreyoungpeople.6．Breathingasighofrelief,shesawtheshocked(shock)looksofothersandknewshehadmadeit.7．Thelecture,scheduledfrom3：00to5：00ontheafternoonofthisFriday,will__be__delivered(deliver)byarenownedastronautinourlecturehall.8．Aftertheheavyrnstorm,afloodofwaterenteredthebasement,causingsignificantdamage.9．Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsupplies(supply)aspossible,andmakethemintokits—onekit,onechild.10．Thelawmedatreducingplasticwastewillcomeintoeffectnextyear,forcingbusinessestomakechanges.二、熟词生义1．Thethiefslidintotheroom.悄悄溜进2．Thedesireforsuccesspowershimtoworktirelessly,pushinghimtoovercomeobstaclesandachievehisgoals.驱动3．Heaccidentallytrappedhishandinthemachineandneededtoberescuedbyfirefighters.困住4．Shetappedhimontheshouldertogethisattention,motioningforhimtofollowher.轻拍5．Hishealthbegantosufferashetookonmoreandmorework,leadingtofrequentillnesses.变差三、构词法词缀含义例词con­共同；表示强调；圆锥体；与……一起context,__contact,connect,control,confuse,continue,confirm,concern,confident写出下列黑体词的含义1．Shereceivedacallfromtheemployertoconfirmherjoboffer.确认2．Shelostallcontactwithherfamilywhenshemovedtoaforeigncountry.联系3．Youshouldbeabletoguessthemeaningofthewordfromthecontext.上下文4．Theenvironmentalissueisamajorconcernformanypeoplearoundtheworld.关心5．Thetownsareconnectedbytrnandbusservices.连接6．Thesimilar­soundingnamesoftenconfusethestudentswhentheyaretakingnotes.迷惑四、补全句子1．当得知这位深受爱戴的老师突然去世时，整个社区都陷入了震惊之中。The__entire__community__was__in__shockwhentheylearnedaboutthesuddendeathofthebelovedteacher.2．李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了深远的影响。(effect)Duringhislifetime,LiBwroteagreatnumberofexcellentpoems,which__had__a__profound__effect__on__Chinese__culture.3．他们对待宠物，就像对待人类小孩一样。Theytreattheirpetsas__if__they__were__human__children．4．她正在对此疑惑，这时爸爸出现了，告诉妻子这对双胞胎为了给她一个惊喜是如何做准备的。(bedoing...when...)She__was__wondering__about__it__when__the__father__turned__up,__tellinghiswifeabouthowthetwinshadmadepreparationstogiveheragreatsurprise.5．她埋头于阅读，试图暂时忘记自己的烦恼。She__buried__herself__in__reading,__tryingtoforgetaboutherworriesforawhile.6．当他走过自己儿时居住的地方时，满脑子都是童年的回忆。He__was__flooded__with__memories__of__his__childhoodashewalkedthroughhisoldneighborhood.五、长难句分析(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Giventheastonishingpotentialoftotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithour­poweredfuture,andthisiswherebyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.句意：考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这就是《人工智能设计：人工智能生活计划》的由来。分析：句子主干是we__all__need__to__take__action__and__this__is__where__...。Giventheastonishingpotentialoftotransformourlives是介词短语作原因状语；and连接两个并列主句；where引导表语从句。读写用—素养提升一、加强语言运用——明晰考向以阅读促运用(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife.WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend__41__amarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning__42__，butthentwothingshappened.First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas__43__fora“super，”referringtoa52.4­miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun—15miles.Tobehonest,I__44__it!Betweenthegirlmakingmy__45__seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthattheonly__46__I'deverrunagnisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!SoI__47__cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.I__48__ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasatworkoneday,I__49__herbikeandwentforaride.The__50__：TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.I'dneverfacedsuch__51__.Thatday,Igot__52__byabout100“local”bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgotbackhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas__53__.I've__54__alotsincethen.I'vecometoacceptthatwhatever__55__Isetformyself,theyjusthavetobemyown.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者受到他人成就的刺激和激励，盲目跟风，尝试跑步和骑自行车，最终意识到无论为自己设定什么目标，都必须切实可行并适合自己。41．A.knew B．heldC．won D．quit答案：C解析：根据文章首句“I'vebeenmotivated—anddemotivated—byotherfolks'achievementsallmylife.”可知，作者会因为别人的成就而受到激励。由此可推知，此处是指一个社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者因此受到了激励。故选C。42．A.regularly B．silentlyC．proudly D．recently答案：A解析：结合语境和常识可知，作者受到了激励，因此应是开始定期跑步。故选A。43．A.asking B．lookingC．wting D．trning答案：D解析：根据下文“referringtoa52.4­miledoublemarathon”可知，作者遇到的那个女孩要参加一场52.4英里的马拉松比赛，因此她那时正在为之训练。故选D。44．A.made B．believedC．hated D．deserved答案：C解析：根据下文“thepureboredomofjogging”可知，作者认为慢跑无比无聊，因此其实作者本身没有跑步的意愿，所以此处是指作者讨厌跑步。故选C。45．A.advantage B．achievementC．contribution D．influence答案：B解析：作者遇到的女孩为52.4英里的马拉松比赛训练，而作者在跑15英里的距离，因此对比之下在那个女孩面前作者跑步的成就显得非常渺小。故选B。46．A.wayB．riskC．place D．reason答案：D解析：根据上文“thepureboredomofjogging”可知，跑步对作者而言是令人讨厌的、无聊的，因此作者放弃了跑步，决定以后能让自己再次跑步的唯一原因是后面有大狗在追赶。故选D。47．A.gaveup B．wentonC．turnedto D．dealtwith答案：C解析：根据下文“Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.”可知，作者买了一辆好的自行车，并骑了很多次，因此作者放弃跑步后把自己的目标转向了骑自行车。故选C。48．A.heard B．dreamedC．complned D．approved答案：B解析：根据上文描述的作者的经历和下文作者放弃了骑行可知，此处表示在骑行方面，作者一开始梦想着参加骑行比赛，直到飞往圣迭戈拜访姐姐。故选B。49．A.pnted B．borrowedC．bought D．parked答案：B解析：根据上文“IflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasatworkoneday”和下文“wentforaride”可知，作者去圣迭戈找姐姐，一天姐姐在上班，作者去骑行了，因此此处指作者向姐姐借了自行车。故选B。50．A.problem B．secretC．principle D．advice答案：A解析：根据下文“TheroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.”可知，那里的道路穿过宽阔的山谷，在那里作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，所以此处指作者遇到的问题。故选A。51．A.dangers B．eventsC．opponents D．challenges答案：D解析：作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，结合常识和下文作者放弃骑自行车可知，此处指作者从来没有遇到过这种挑战。故选D。52．A.passed B．convincedC．admired D．stopped答案：A解析：根据上文内容和下文“byabout100‘local’bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads”可知，作者被熟悉这种路的当地骑行者超过。故选A。53．A.reliableB．convenientC．familiar D．appealing答案：D解析：结合上文可知，作者在骑行途中遇到了挑战，又被大约百人超过，作者受挫了，因此骑行对作者来说就没有那么有吸引力了。故选D。54．A.traveled B．maturedC．missed D．worried答案：B解析：结合文章最后一句“I'vecometoaccept...bemyown.”可知，经过跑步和骑行这两件事情，作者已经逐渐相信目标应是为自己而设的，由此可知，作者成长了。故选B。55．A.limits B．datesC．goals D．tests答案：C解析：综合全文可知，在跑步和骑行这两件事情上，作者均受到了他人成就的影响，但结果都失败了，所以作者逐渐相信不管为自己设定什么目标，这些目标必须是自己的(不与别人比较)。故选C。精读首句以把握主题1．完形填空的首句是理解全文的关键。它们经常提供重要的背景信息或引出主题，对解题有重要指导意义。2．仔细阅读文章首句，可以确定文章基调，预测可能涉及的语境，从而在填空时做出更合理的选择。二、读后续写——必备微技能高品素材情绪描写——欣慰、如释重负欣慰翻涌afeeling/sense/mixtureofreliefwashed/floodedover/welledupinside/surgedthroughsb令人欣慰的是toone'srelief欣慰地看到/知道/听见……berelievedtosee/know/hear...满是欣慰one'sheartwasfilled/overwhelmedwithreliefandwarmth如释重负ahugeburden/loadwasliftedoff/fromone'sshoulders涌出欣慰的泪水tearswellupfromasenseofgratification松了一口气letoutasighofrelief;sighwithrelief;gaspwithrelief知道……后思想上释然(石头落地)It'sahugeweight/burden/loadoffone'smindtoknowthat...卸下重担theweightoftheworld/aheavyburdenwaslifted高效课时作业Ⅰ.阅读A(2025·江苏省扬州市高邮市高三月考)KobeEarthquakeMemorialMuseumHistoryKobeEarthquakeMemorialMuseumisdevotedtotheeventsandaftermathoftheKobeEarthquake,amagnitude(震级)7.3earthquakethatoccurredat5：46amonJanuary17,1995.Over6，000peoplelosttheirliveswiththemajorityoftheminKobe,justtothenorthofAwajiIsland.TheearthquakewasJapan'sworstearthquakeofthe20thcenturyaftertheGreatKantoEarthquakein1923.Over400，000buildingsweredamagedandanumberofrlwaybridgescollapsed.ExhibitsVisitorsareadvisedtobegintheirtouronthefourthfloorwitha7­minutevideo.Thenafurther15­minutevideo“LivingwithThisCity”tellsthestoryoftheeventsaftertheearthquakeandthereliefeffortstorestoreshelter,power,waterandfoodsuppliestothepeopleofKobe.Thethirdfloorcontnsawallpanelwiththerecollectionsofsurvivors,inparticularyoungchildrenwholivedthroughtheevent.Thereareanumberofinteractiveexhibitstoinformandeducatevisitorsabouttheeventincludingavideoofsurvivorsrelatingtheirownexperiences.Thesecondfloorhasexhibitsandworkshopsondisastermanagement.TheEastBuildingalsoshowsadocumentaryontheKobeEarthquaketwiceanhour.Admission600yenperadult;450yenperuniversitystudent;300yenperhighschooler;juniorhighschoolersandbelowarefree.Hours9：30am－5：30pm(Monday－Friday)；9：30am－7：00pm(Saturday&Sunday)篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了神户地震纪念馆的相关信息，包括其历史、展出内容、费用以及开放时间。1．Whatcanvisitorsdointhemuseum?A．Understandthehistoryofalltheearthquakes.B．Watchthe7­minutevideo“LivingwithThisCity”．C．Experiencesomemutuallyengagedexhibits.D．Learnaboutdisastermanagementonthethirdfloor.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据Exhibits部分第二段中的“Thereareanumberof...theirownexperiences.”可知，游客在博物馆里可以体验一些互动展览。故选C。2．Howmuchshouldahighschoolerandhisparentspayiftheyvisitthemuseum?A．900yen. B．1，200yen.C．1，500yen. D．1，650yen.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据Admission部分中的“600yenperadult...300yenperhighschooler”可知，一个高中生和他的父母参观博物馆应该花：600*2＋300＝1，500日元。故选C。3．Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Atravelguidetoamuseum.B．Adescriptionofamuseum.C．Anessayontheearthquake.D．Anintroductiontotheearthquake.答案：A解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了神户地震纪念馆的相关信息，包括其历史、展出内容、费用以及开放时间。由此可推知，文章可能选自博物馆旅游指南。故选A。B(2025·内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟高三期中)Artificialintelligence()isshowingpromiseinearthquakeprediction,challengingthelong­heldbeliefthatitisimpossible.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,havedevelopedanalgorithm(算法)thatcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekinadvanceduringatrialinChinaandprovidedaccuratestrengthcalculationsforthepredictedearthquakes.Theresearchteambelievestheirmethodsucceededbecausetheystuckwitharelativelysimplemachinelearningapproach.Thewasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam'sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,andtheninstructedtotrnitselfusingafive­yeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrned,theprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofincomingearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings(隆隆声)intheEarth.Thisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchfor­drivenearthquakeprediction.“Youdon'tseeearthquakescoming，”explnsAlexandrosSavvdis,aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram(TexNet).“It'samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy,that'sahugeresultandcouldhelpminimizeeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”Whileitisunknownwhetherthesameapproachwillworkatotherlocations,theresearchersareconfidentthattheiralgorithmcouldproducemoreaccuratepredictionsifusedinareaswithreliableearthquaketrackingnetworks.ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,sinceUT'sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.Eventually,theauthorshopetocombinethesystemwithphysics­basedmodels.Thisstrategycouldproveespeciallyimportantwheredataispoororlacking.“Thatmaybealongwayoff,butmanyadvancessuchasthisone,takentogether,arewhatmovesscienceforward，”concludesScottTinker,thebureau'sdirector.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了利用人工智能预测地震的新方法，该方法在试验中展现出较高的准确性，为地震预测领域带来了希望。4．Howdoestheforecastearthquakes?A．Byidentifyingdatafromthesatellites.B．ByanalyzingbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.C．Bymodelingdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.D．BymonitoringchangesintheEarth'smagneticfield.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Oncetrned...intheEarth.”可知，人工智能通过分析地球上的背景隆隆声来预测地震。故选B。5．WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvdisintendtoshowinParagraph3?A．Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.B．Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.C．Thesignificanceofdevelopingtheprediction.D．Thelimitationofalgorithmsinearthquakeprediction.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchfor­drivenearthquakeprediction.”以及“It'samatterof...improveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”可推知，本段中，AlexandrosSavvdis(亚历山德罗斯·萨维迪斯)打算展示的是发展人工智能预测地震的意义。故选C。6．Whatdoesthefollow­upresearchfocuson?A．Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.B．Applyingtheapproachtootherfields.C．BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.D．Enlargingthedatabasetotrnthecalculationaccuracy.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thenextstepistotest...forthesepurposes.(下一步是在得克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为得克萨斯大学的BureauTexNet拥有300个地震台站和六年多的连续记录，使其成为实现这些目的的理想地点。)”可知，后续研究的重点是在得克萨斯州的不同地点测试人工智能。故选A。7．Whichword