江西省上饶市广信区四十八中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期6月英语检测卷（含答案）

第第页江西省上饶市广信区四十八中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期6月英语检测卷一、听力测试（共1小题，计5分）听录音，回答问题1．A．History. B．Vegetables. C．Soccer.2．A．MynameisJack.B．S-M-I-T-H.C．That'sforsure.3．A．Sheisnice.B．Sheisthirty-one.C．SheisMs.Smith.4．A．Helikesreading.B．He'sdrivingacar.C．HisnameisJimSmith.5．A．Iamfive. B．Ilikeblue. C．Myname'sAlan.二、听短对话和问题，选择正确答案。（5分）6．WhatisAdamgoingtodo?A．Tolookforhisbike.B．Tobuyanewdictionary.C．Towritealostandfoundnotice.7．WhatdoesAlanthinkofhistory?A．It'sveryboring.B．It'sveryinteresting.C．It'sverydifficult.8．Whoisthemaninthephoto?A．Peter'suncle. B．Peter'sfather. C．HeisPeter.9．Whohasapairofbluetrousers?A．Dale. B．Bob. C．Mark.10．Howdoestheboygotothezoo?A．Bybus. B．Bybike. C．Bycar.三、听长对话和问题，选择正确答案。（5分）听录音，回答问题11．WhatclassisLilyin?A．ClassOne. B．ClassTwo. C．ClassThree.12．WhatdoesLilylooklike?A．Sheistallwithlongblackhair.B．Sheistallwithshortblackhair.C．Sheisshortwithlongblackhair.听录音，回答问题13．WhatlessondoesLucyhaveonFriday?A．Amathslesson. B．AChineselesson. C．Asciencelesson.14．What'sJack'sfavouriteday?A．Tuesday. B．Wednesday. C．Thursday.15．WhatdoesJacklikebest?A．Playingfootball.B．Playingtabletennis.C．Swimming.四、听短文，选择正确答案。（5分）听短文，选择正确答案16．Whendidthewritermakeabananamilkshake?A．LastFriday. B．LastSaturday. C．LastSunday.17．Howmanybananasdidthewriterpeel?A．One. B．Two. C．Three.18．Howmuchhoneydidthewriterputintothemilk?A．Onespoon. B．Twospoons. C．Threespoons.19．Howlongdidthewriterwaitafterturningontheblender?A．Forthreeminutes. B．Forfiveminutes. C．Fortenminutes.20．Whatdidthewriterthinkoftheshake?A．Ittastedgreatbutwasdifficulttomake.B．Ittastedgreatandwaseasytomake.C．Ittastedbadbutwaseasytomake.五、单项选择（共10小题，计10分）21．Thirtyyearsago,scientistsfound____possibleforcommonpeopletotravelinspace.A．that's B．that C．it's D．it22．—Whereisyouruncle,Tony?Wehaven'tseenhimforalongtime.—He____toBeijingwithmyaunt.They____thereforamonthandwillcomebacknextweek.A．hasgone;havebeen B．hasbeen;wentC．hasgone;went D．hasbeen;havebeen23．—MustIgoouttohavedinnerwithyou,Mom?—No,you____,mydear.You'refreetomakeyourowndecision.A．shouldn't B．mustn't C．needn't D．can't24．LisaandSallyaregoodfriends.They____eachothersince2020.A．know B．knew C．willknow D．haveknown25．____ismagic,peoplecan'thearbutcanalwaysunderstandit.A．Laugh B．Silence C．Language D．Music26．—____youplaytennis?—No,Ican't.ButI'mgoodatfootball.A．Can B．Could C．May D．Must27．Youcan'tmakeprogressinanything____youworkhardandnevergiveup.A．if B．since C．unless D．after28．Mygrandmother____Englishfortwoyears.Sheismuchbetteratitnow.A．learns B．learned C．haslearned D．willlearn29．Whereveryougo,____withme,please.A．havealook B．stayintouchC．makealist D．wintheheart30．Mybrotherwillshowme____NankaiUniversitynextmonth.A．of B．on C．with D．around六、完形填空（共10小题，计10分）完形填空Doyouoftenwalkslowlyorquickly?Believeitornot,peoplewhowalkslowlymaygetoldmore31．attheageof45.Someresearchersdida32．andgotsomeresults.Accordingtotheresults,oldpeoplewhowalkslowlyseemtohavemore33．problems.Slowwalkersintheir70sor80softendieearlierthanfastwalkers.Thismaybethesameforpeopleintheir40s.Theresearchersdidthesurveyamong904people.They34．thepeople'shealthrecordscarefully.Theygavethepeoplemanytests35．theirmemoryandintelligence(智力).Theyaskedthepeopletosaythealphabet(字母表)while36．.Thepeoplewhowalkedmoreslowlyshowed37．brainactivitywhilesayingthealphabet.Butthepeoplewhowalkedmorequicklyshowedmorebrainactivity.Theyalso38．thatfastwalkersweremuchhealthierthanslowwalkers.Now,moreandmorepeople39．attentiontotheirhealth.Lotsofpeoplechoosetotakeexercisebywalking.40．youareoneofthem,remembertowalkquickly.Don'twalkslowly.31．A．easily B．differently C．loudly D．happily32．A．result B．survey C．reason D．question33．A．safety B．traffic C．work D．health34．A．watched B．refused C．checked D．pointed35．A．in B．with C．from D．about36．A．walking B．running C．swimming D．cycling37．A．more B．less C．most D．least38．A．invented B．found C．asked D．tell39．A．lose B．put C．pay D．take40．A．While B．Unless C．Although D．If七、阅读理解（共20小题，计40分）阅读短文，回答问题Haveyoueverheardofwaterbears?Theyhavelivedontheearthformorethan500millionyears,longbeforedinosaurs.Thoughcalled"bears",theylookcompletelydifferentfrombears!Thelargestonesareonlyabout1.4mmlong.Eachoftheireightlegsendswithaclaw(爪).Theyalsohavesharpmouths.Someoftheplacestheylivemaysurpriseyou!Theylivedeepdownintheocean.It'stoodarktoseewell,andthewaterfromupaboveisveryheavy.Buttinywaterbearscansurviveinsuchadifficultenvironment.Inspace,thereisnoair,waterorfood.Butwaterbearscanlivethere!Astronautstooksomewaterbearsoutsidethespaceship.Surprisingly,mostofthemlived.Someevenlaideggs.Theeggsevenhatchedintohealthybabies!ThereisnorainindryvalleysofAntarcticaforabouttwomillionyears.Butwaterbearscansurviveinsuchaplace!How?First,theycurlintoaball.Thentheydonothing.Theycanstayinthiswayformanyyears!Whentheygetwetagain,theyuncurlandstarttomovearound.Sometimeswindorwatermovesawaywhentheycurlupinaball.Besidestheplacesmentionedabove,waterbearsalsolivearoundus,butweneedsomeefforttofindthem.Ifwearecarefulandluckyenough,maybewecanfindone.41．Whatdoesawaterbearlooklike?A．Ithaseightclaws.B．Itdoesn'thaveamouth.C．Itlookslikeabear.D．Itisasbigasaping-pongball.42．Theunderlinedword"survive"means"____"inthispassage.A．fallill B．wakeup C．keephealthy D．stayalive43．Whathappenedtothewaterbearswhentheywerebroughttospace?A．Theycouldn'teatnormallythere.B．Somewaterbearslaideggsthere.C．Theeggsofwaterbearsfailedtohatchintohealthybabies.D．Waterbearscouldonlyliveinsideaspaceship.44．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Waterbearscanonlyliveintheocean.B．Wecaneasilyseewaterbearsaroundus.C．Waterbearsappearedontheearthearlierthandinosaurs.D．Waterbearsalwaysstayinthesameplaceastheyuncurl.45．Thebesttitleforthepassageis"____".A．WaterbearsinspaceB．AnintroductiontowaterbearsC．PlaceswaterbearsliveD．Thingshappeningtowaterbears阅读短文，回答问题Ifyouarewritingorstudying,itmakesverymuchdifferencewherethelightcomesfrom.Peoplewhousebooksandpenseverydayhavetobeespeciallycarefulaboutthewaythelightshinesontheirwork.Everyhousegetsitslighteitherfromdaylightthroughthewindows—whichistheverybesttouse—orfromlampsorelectricity(电器);butwhicheverkindoflightitis,thewayitshinestowardsourbooksorworkisamatterofgreatimportancetotheeyes.Takeabook,sitwithyourbacktowardsthewindow,andtrytoread.Yourshadow(影子)fallsalloverthepageandmakesitalmostasbadforyoureyesasifyouwereinadarkroom.Nowturnaroundandfacethewindow.Thepageisintheshadowagain,whilethebrightlightisinyoureyes.Trysittingwithyourrightsidetowardsthewindow.Thisisverygoodforreading,butifyouwerewriting,theshadowofyourhandwouldfallacrossthepageandbother(烦扰)youalittle.Thereisjustoneotherway:sitwithyourleftsidetothewindow.Noweverythingisgoodforreadingandforwriting,too.Whateverkindoflightisintheroom,theruleabouttherighttositisalwaysthesame.46．Thepassagetellsus____.A．youmustsitnearthewindowwithlightswhenreadingorwritingB．differentwaysthatthelightshinesarethesamewhenreadingorwritingC．thesittingwithyourrightsidetowardsthewindowisgoodforreadingandwritingD．thesittingwithyourleftsidetowardsthewindowisgoodforreadingandwriting47．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Weneedn'tcareaboutwherethelightcomesfrom.B．Howthelightshinesonourworkisveryimportant.C．Thewaythelightshinesonyourworkmakesnodifference.D．Peoplecanwriteorstudyunderalightthatcomesfromanydirection(方向).48．Youshouldn'tsitwithyourbacktowardsthewindow,because____.A．thelightistoodarkB．thelightisbadforyoureyesC．youareinadarkroomD．yourbookisinyourshadow49．Whenyousitwithyourfacetowardsthewindow,____.A．brightlightisinyoureyesB．yourshadowfallsonyourbookC．thelightisstilldarkD．thelightisonyourpage50．Thebestwaybothforreadingandwritingisto____.A．sitfacingthelightB．letthelightshinefromyourbackC．havethelightcomefromyourleftD．sitwithyourrightsidetowardsthelight阅读短文，回答问题IntheBeijingWinterOlympics,weweretreatedtoincredibledisplaysofathletictalentsascompetitorstooktothesnowandice.AsapopularsportattheWinterOlympics,skijumpingisoneofthebestexamplestoshowcasethe"superhuman"powerofathletes.Skijumperssoarintotheairandappeartobealmostflyinginthesky.Howdotheyachievethis?Physicscanofferusanexplanationofhowtheymakeit.Itinvolvestheuseofthelawsofaerodynamics(空气动力学)tofightagainstgravityandincreaseliftwhilereducingdrag.Tounderstandhowskijumpingworks,weneedtoconsiderthreeelements:gravity,liftanddrag.Gravityistheforcethatpullsustowardsanobject.Liftoccurswhenanobjectismovingthroughtheair—asitssurfacecomesintocontactwithairparticles(微粒),theparticlesarepusheddownandawayfromtheobject,allowingittomoveup.Atthesametime,thisinteractioncreatesdrag,andslowsdownanobject'smovement.Whilethereisnothingthattheskierscandoaboutgravity,theycantwisttheirbodiesintopositionsthatallowthemtoachievegreaterliftandavoidasmuchdragaspossible.AccordingtotheSmithsonianMagazine,"Todothis,athletestrytheirbesttomaketheirskisandbodynearlyparalleltothegroundandplacetheirskisinaV-shapejustoutsidetheformofthebody.Thispositionincreasesthesurfaceareathatproducesliftandputsthemintheidealanglethatwillalsomaximize(最大化)lift."Becauseofhowthesportworks,athletes'equipmentisstrictlycontrolledaccordingtoweightandheightinordertoavoidanyunfairadvantages.Thismeanssuitsmustbetightinordertoensureathletescannotusethemasawaytogainmorelift.Forathletes,minorday-to-daywaterweightchangesaslittleas300grams.Itcanmeanthatsuitswillnotbetightenoughaccordingtotheirbodymassindexes(体重指数).51．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"referstointhesecondparagraph?A．Skijumping. B．Athletictalent.C．Physicalscience. D．Superhurnanpower.52．Whatcontributesinliftinskijumping?A．Theinteractionbetweenforceanddrag.B．Theinteractionbetweengravityandbalance.C．Theinteractionbetweenairparticlesandgravity.D．Theinteractionbetweenskiersandairparticles.53．Whatshouldskijumpersdoinordertoachievethebestperformance?a.Keeptheirbodiesandskisparalleltotheground.b.Changetheirpositionsaslittleaspossible.c.PositiontheirskisinaV-shapewhentheyjump.d.Increasetheangleasmuchaspossible.A．ac B．bc C．cd D．ad54．Whatisrequiredtoensurefairplayinskijumping?A．Speciallymadesuit.B．Strictcontrolofathletes'height.C．Standardizedequipment.D．Muchdailywaterintake.55．What'sthemainfocusofthetext?A．Thetechniquesusedbyskijumpers.B．Thescientificprinciplesbehindskijumping.C．Rulesoftheskijumpingcompetition.D．Excellentperformancesinskijumping.阅读短文，回答问题DongLinagrewupinafarmer'sfamilyinDalian,Liaoning.Shecouldn'tseeclearlywhenshewasababy.Shecouldn'tseeanythingwhenshewasonlytenyearsold.Dongwenttoaspecialschoolforpeoplewhocan'tseeorhear.Afterthat,shelearnedtuinaandthenfoundajob.Oneofherteacherssaidtuinawasheronlywayout.ButDongdidn'tthinkso.In2006,22-year-oldDongtookpartinaradiohost(主持人)programme.Soonshefellinlovewithbroadcasting.Itwasreallydifficultforhertolearnthat,butDongtriedherbestandpracticedeveryday.Ayearlater,shegotgoodgrades(等级)intheMandarinProficiencyTest.Shecouldworkasaradiohost!In2015,Dongbecamethehostofaradioprogramme.Andinthesameyear,shewenttolearnradioandTVbroadcastinginCommunicationUniversityofChina.Shealsoworkedasapart-timeteacherinherfreetime.LastJuly,Dongfinishedherstudyintheuniversity.She'sthefirstvisuallyimpairedmaster(硕士)ofbroadcastinginChina.Shesays,"Weshouldalwayshavedreamsandworkhardforthem."56．WhydidDongLinalearntuina?A．Becauseshelovedit.B．Becauseitwasheronlywayoutatthattime.C．Becauseitwasherteacher'sdream.57．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"broadcasting"A．表演 B．播音 C．绘画58．WhendidDongbecomearadiohost?A．In1994. B．In2006. C．In2015.59．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutDong?A．Broadcastingwasdifficult,butshelovedit.B．Sheneverwenttoschoolwhenshewasyoung.C．Herdreamjobistoteachyoungstudents.60．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeDongLina?A．Smartandhard-working.B．Braveandfriendly.C．Friendlyandfunny.八、短文填空（共10小题，计10分）阅读填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ihavemanyfriends,andoneofthemisLily.Sheisoneofmybestfriends.Ifeel61．(luck)tobefriendswithher.Weliveinthesamearea.Weareinthesameschoolandwegotoschooltogethereveryday.Wesharemanythingsincommon62．enjoyspendingtimewitheachother.We63．(volunteer)atananimalhospitaleveryweekend.Lilyis64．(outgoing)thanme.Sheisalwayswillgotohelpothersandshealwaysdoeschoresathome,shethinksdoingchoreshelpstodevelopher65．(independent).Ourfriendshiphasgrownstrongerovertheyears.Wecantalkforhoursaboutanythingandeverything,andwealwaysunderstandeach66．(other)feelings.YesterdaywasSaturday.Intheafternoon,IrodemybiketoLily'shouse.Wedidhomeworktogether.Onmywaybackhome,itbegantorainhard.67．(sudden)mybikehitatreeandI68．(fall)off.MylegshurtandIcouldn'tstandup.WhileI69．(wonder)whattodo,apolicemancameuptome.Hequicklytookmetothehospital.Whatakindpoliceman!I70．(learn)fromhimandhelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.九、补全对话（共5小题，计5分）阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话,并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。A:Hi,Mary.Howwasyoursummervacation?B:Veryboring.71．A:Didn'tyougooutforavacationwithyourparents?B:No.72．Whataboutyou,Mike?A:IwenttoFrancewithmyaunt.B:Soundsgreat!Howdidyougothere?A:73．B:Wheredidyouvisitthere?A:74．B:Didyoutakeanyphotos?A:Ofcourse.Thephotosarereallybeautiful.B:CanIhavealookatthem?A:75．I'llshowthemtoyoulater.B:Thankyou.A.Byplane.B.Ofcourse.C.Ijuststayedathome.D.Wouldyouliketogoonatripwithme?E.Myparentsweretoobusy.F.I'mnotsure.G.IvisitedtheEifelandNotreDameCathedral.十、单词拼写（共5小题，计5分）76．WhenIsawtheperformanceofWuYishu,I(attract)byherknowledge.77．Cormorantfishingwasonce(practise)inlotsofplacesinSouth-EastChina.78．Hesaidhe(take)somephotosofatigerintheforestlastweek.79．Healwayslistenstopeoplecarefullywhentheytalktohim,soheisagood(听者).80．WealllikeourEnglishteacher,becausesheisvery(幽默的).十一、书面表达（计20分）81．假设你是李华，你的笔友Bob来信询问你的暑假旅行经历，请你给他写一封回信，要点如下：（1）你去了三亚旅行，该地以美丽的海滩而闻名；（2）你乘坐飞机和父母一起去三亚，在那游玩儿了两周的时间；（3）在那儿你们游泳，享受阳光，吃当地美食，购物；（4）很多人都喜欢到这里旅行，你希望……要求：（1）词数为80—100词。（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥，不可逐字翻译。DearBob,Howareyou?Ispentawonderfulholiday.NowItellyousomethingabouttheexperience.Howdidyouspendyourholiday?Bestwishesforyou!Love,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．B3．C4．B5．C6．【答案】C7．【答案】B8．【答案】A9．【答案】A10．【答案】A【答案】11．B12．A【答案】13．C14．A15．A【答案】16．C17．C18．B19．C20．B21．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：三十年前，科学家发现普通人可以进行太空旅行。A：那是，B：那，C：它是，D：它，findit+形容词+forsbtodo，it做形式宾语，不定式做真正的宾语，故选D。

【点评】考查代词，注意识记it做形式宾语的用法。22．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——托尼，你叔叔在哪儿？我们好久没见到他了。——他和我姑姑去北京了。他们在那里呆了一个月，下周就会回来。havebeento，过去某地，现在已返回，havegoneto，去了某地，强调去了地方，但还没返回，是现在完成时，went是过去式，去，空一，根据willcomebacknextweek，可知没回来，故用havegoneto，主语是第三人称单数，故用has，空二，根据thereforamonth，可知是现在完成时，表示动作的持续，havebeen是be的持续性动词，故选A。

【点评】考查时态，注意识记hasgoneto;havebeen表示持续的用法。23．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——妈妈，我必须和你一起出去吃饭吗？——不，你不需要，亲爱的。你可以自由地做出自己的决定。A：不应该，B：必须，C：不需要，D：不能，根据MustIgoouttohavedinnerwithyou，可知must引导一般疑问句，和No，可知否定回答用needn't，故选C。

【点评】考查情态动词，注意识记needn't的用法。24．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：Lisa和Sally是好朋友。她们从2020年就认识了。A动词原形，B过去式，C将来时，D现在完成时，根据since2020，可知是现在完成时标志，故时态是现在完成时，故选D。

【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时的用法。25．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：沉默是神奇的，人们听不见却总能听懂。A：笑声，B：沉默，C：语言，D：音乐，根据peoplecan'thearbutcanalwaysunderstandit，可知沉默是神奇的，故选B。

【点评】考查名词，注意识记Silence的用法。26．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：——你会打网球吗？——不会。但我踢足球踢得好。A：能，表示能力，B：可以，表示委婉的请求，C：可能，表示不确定的推测，D：必须，语气强烈，根据回答No,Ican't，可知用can引导一般疑问句，故选A。

【点评】考查情态动词，注意识记Can的用法。27．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：除非你努力工作并且永不放弃，否则你不可能在任何事情上取得进步。A：如果，B：因为，C：除非，D：之后，根据Youcan'tmakeprogressinanything，可知youworkhardandnevergiveup，是否定的假设，可知是unless引导条件状语从句，故选C。

【点评】考查连词，注意识记unless的用法。28．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我奶奶学了两年英语。现在她英语好多了。A单三式，B过去式，C现在完成时，D将来时，根据fortwoyears，可知是现在完成时标志，故时态是现在完成时，故选C。

【点评】考查时态，注意识记现在完成时的用法。29．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：无论你去哪里，请与我保持联系。A：看看，B：保持联系，C：列个清单，D：赢得人心，根据withme，可知是请与我保持联系，故选B。

【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记stayintouch的用法。30．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：下个月我哥哥将带我参观南开大学。A的，B在上面，C有，D在周围，showsbaround，固定搭配，领着某人四处看看，故选D。

【点评】考查介词，注意识记showsbaround的用法。【答案】31．A；32．B；33．D；34．C；35．D；36．A；37．B；38．B；39．C；40．D【解析】【分析】本文探讨了走路速度和健康之间的关系。

【点评】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意上下文的逻辑，并且考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。31．句意：信不信由你，走路慢的人在45岁时更容易变老。easily容易地；differently不同地；loudly大声地；happily开心地。根据"peoplewhowalkslowlymaygetoldmore...attheageof45."和下文可知，走路慢的人在45岁时更容易变老。故选A。32．句意：一些研究人员做了一项调查，并得到了一些结果。result结果；survey调查；reason原因；question问题。根据"Theresearchersdidthesurveyamong904people."可知，是做了个调查。故选B。33．句意：根据研究结果，走路慢的老年人似乎有更多的健康问题。safety安全；traffic交通；work作品；health健康。根据"Slowwalkersintheir70sor80softendieearlierthanfastwalkers."可知，走路慢的人有更多的健康问题。故选D。34．句意：他们仔细检查了人们的健康记录。watched看；refused拒绝；checked检查；pointed指着。根据"thepeople'shealthrecords"可知，此处是指检查健康记录。故选C。35．句意：他们对这些人进行了许多关于他们的记忆力和智力的测试。in在……里面；with和；from来自；about关于。根据"Theygavethepeoplemanytest...theirmemoryandintelligence(智力)."可知，此处是指关于记忆力和智力的测试。故选D。36．句意：他们要求人们一边走路一边念字母表。walking散步；running跑步；swimming游泳；cycling骑自行车。根据"Thepeoplewhowalkedmoreslowlyshowed"可知，是在走路的时候念字母表。故选A。37．句意：走路较慢的人在说字母表时大脑活动较少。more更多的；less更少的；most最多的；least最少的。根据"Butthepeoplewhowalkedmorequicklyshowedmorebrainactivity."可知，此处有转折，因此表示大脑活动较少。故选B。38．句意：他们还发现，走得快的人比走得慢的人更健康。invented发明；found发现；asked要求；tell告诉。根据"thatfastwalkersweremuchhealthierthanslowwalkers."可知，"走得快的人比走得慢的人更健康"是他们发现的内容。故选B。39．句意：现在，越来越多的人关注自己的健康。lose失去；put放置；pay支付；take带走。固定短语payattentionto表示"关注"。故选C。40．句意：如果你是其中之一，记得快走。While当；Unless除非；Although尽管；If如果。分析句子可知，前句是后句的肯定条件，需用if引导条件状语从句。故选D。【答案】41．A42．D43．B44．C45．B【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了水熊的样子，生存环境和方式。

【点评】考查阅读理解，注意回到原文找答案：在回答问题时，要回到原文中寻找答案，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。41．细节理解题。根据"Thelargestonesareonly1.4mmlong.Eachoftheireightlegsendswithaclaw(爪)"可知，它有八个爪子。故选A。42．词句猜测题。根据前句"Theylivedeepdownintheocean."和后句"Inspace,thereisnoair,waterorfood.Butwaterbearscanlivethere!"可推知，此处的"survive"和"live"含义相近，意为"生存"。故选D。43．细节理解题。根据"Astronautstooksomewaterbearsoutsidethespaceship.Surprisingly,mostofthemlived.Someevenlaideggs.Theeggsevenhatchedintohealthybabies!"可知，宇航员们把一些水熊带到宇宙飞船外面。令人惊讶的是，它们中的大多数人都活了下来。有些甚至产卵。故选B。44．细节理解题。根据"Theyhavelivedontheearthformorethan500millionyears,longbeforedinosaurs."可知，它们在地球上生活了5亿多年，比恐龙早得多。故选C。45．最佳标题题。根据"Haveyoueverheardofwaterbears?"以及全文可知，文章主要是在介绍水熊。故选B。【答案】46．D47．B48．D49．A50．C【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了光线对人们日常生活或工作的影响，无论房间有什么样的光线正确的坐姿是非常重要的。

【点评】考查阅读理解，注意学习解题技巧：学习一些解题技巧和方法，如速读、寻读、略读等，可以提高阅读效率和准确率。46．细节理解题。根据"Thereisjustoneotherway:sitwithyourleftsidetothewindow.Noweverythingisgoodforreadingandforwriting,too."可知，左边靠窗的坐姿有利于阅读和写作。故选D。47．细节理解题。根据"Ifyouarewritingorstudying,itmakesverymuchdifferencewherethelightcomesfrom."可知，光线如何照射到我们的工作上是非常重要的。故选B。48．细节理解题。根据"Takeabook,sitwithyourbacktowardsthewindow,andtrytoread.Yourshadow(影子)fallsalloverthepageandmakesitalmostasbadforyoureyesasifyouwereinadarkroom."可知，背对着窗户坐着，你的影子会落在整个页面上。故选D。49．细节理解题。根据"Nowturnaroundandfacethewindow.Thepageisintheshadowagain,whilethebrightlightisinyoureyes."可知，转过身面向窗户，明亮的光在照进你的眼睛里。故选A。50．细节理解题。根据"Thereisjustoneotherway:sitwithyourleftsidetothewindow.Noweverythingisgoodforreadingandforwriting,too."可知，阅读和写作的最佳方式是让光线从你的左侧照射。故选C。【答案】51．A52．D53．A54．C55．B【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了冬奥会的跳台滑雪以及跳台滑雪背后的科学原理。

【点评】考查阅读理解，注意关注文章结构：阅读文章时，要关注文章的结构和脉络，了解文章的段落和主题，有助于理解文章内容和回答问题。51．细节理解题。根据"Skijumperssoarintotheairandappeartobealmostflyinginthesky."和"Itinvolvestheuseofthelawsofaerodynamics(空气动力学)tofightagainstgravityandincreaseliftwhilereducingdrag."可知代词"it"指跳台滑雪。故选A。52．推理判断题。根据"Liftoccurswhenanobjectismovingthroughtheair—asitssurfacecomesintocontactwithairparticles(微粒)...andslowsdownanobject'smovement."可知跳台滑雪运动员与空气颗粒之间的相互作用有助于提高跳台滑雪的质量。故选D。53．细节理解题。根据"AccordingtotheSmithsonianMagazine,‘Todothis,athletestrytheirbesttomaketheirskisandbodynearlyparalleltothegroundandplacetheirskisinaV-shapejust...liftandputsthemintheidealanglethatwillalsomaximize(最大化)lift.'"可知为了达到最好的成绩，跳台滑雪运动员需要保持身体与地面平行，跳跃时将雪板摆成V形，同时调整雪板与地面平行。故选A。54．推理判断题。根据"Becauseofhowthesportworks,athletes'equipmentisstrictlycontrolledaccordingtoweightandheightinordertoavoidanyunfairadvantages."可知，跳台滑雪器材必须符合运动员的体重和身高，也就是说设备必须标准化来确保跳台滑雪的公平。故选C。55．主旨大意题。根据"Skijumperssoarintotheairandappear...Physicscanofferusanexplanationofhowtheymakeit."以及全文大意可知，本文主要讲述的是跳台滑雪运动员滑雪背后的科学原理。故选B。【答案】56．B57．B58．C59．A60．A【解析】【分析】本文讲述了盲人董丽娜的故事，她不幸成了盲人，但是却努力为梦想奋斗。

【点评】考查阅读理解，注意留意文章细节：阅读文章时，要仔细留意文章中的细节，如人名、地名、时间、数字等，这些细节往往与题目有关。56．细节理解题。根据"Afterthat,shelearnedtuinaandthenfoundajob.Oneofherteacherssaidtuinawasheronlywayout.ButDongdidn'tthinkso."可知，因为推拿是她唯一的出路。故选B。57．推理判断题。根据"In2006,22-year-oldDongtookpartinaradiohost(主持人)programme.Soonshefellinlovewithbroadcasting."可知，前文提到了她参加了一个电台主持人的节目，因此划线词是"播音"。故选B。58．细节理解题。根据"In2015,Dongbecamethehostofaradioprogramme."可知，2015年，董成为一个广播节目的主持人。故选C。59．细节理解题。根据"Soonshefellinlovewithbroadcasting.Itwasreallydifficultforhertolearnthat,butDongtriedherbestandpracticedeveryday."可知，播音对于董来说很难，但是她很热爱播音。故选A。60．细节理解题。根据"Itwasreallydifficultforhertolearnthat,butDongtriedherbestandpracticedeveryday.Ayearlater,shegotgoodgrades(等级)intheMandarinProficiencyTest.Shecouldworkasaradiohost!"以及全文可知，作为一位盲人，一年就取得普通话的好成绩，体现出她既聪明又刻苦。故选A。【答案】61．lucky；62．and；63．volunteer；64．moreoutgoing；65．independence；66．other's；67．Suddenly；68．fell；69．waswondering；70．willlearn【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了作者和自己的好朋友莉莉之间的深厚友谊。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意比较级，副词，过去式，过去进行时，主谓一致，将来时的用法。61．句意：能和她做朋友，我感到很幸运。luck"好运"，feel后应跟形容词作表语，luck的形容词是lucky"幸运的"，故填lucky。62．句意：我们有很多共同之处，享受和对方在一起的时光。share和enjoy是并列的谓语，所以空处用and连接，故填and。63．句意：我们每个周末都在动物医院见面。volunteer"自愿做，义务做"，动词，主语是we，由"everyweekend"可知，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用原形，故填volunteer。64．句意：莉莉比我更外向。根据"than"可知，空处用outgoing的比较级moreoutgoing，故填moreoutgoing。65．句意：她总是会去帮助别人，她总是在家里做家务，她认为做家务有助于培养她的独立性。independent"独立的"，空处作develop的宾语，所以用名词independence"独立性"，故填independence。66．句意：我们可以聊上几个小时，什么都聊，什么都聊，我们总是能理解彼此的感受。空处作定语修饰名词feeling，eachother"彼此"，所以空处用其名词所有格形式，故填other's。67．句意：突然，我的自行车撞到树上，我摔了下来。sudden"突然的"，形容词，空处在句中做状语，所以用其副词形式suddenly，句首单词首字母要大写，故填Suddenly。68．句意：突然，我的自行车撞到树上，我摔了下来。根据"Onmywaybackhome,itbegantorainhard."可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，fall的过去式是fell，故填fell。69．句意：正当我