2026年小学五年级上册语文期末专项训练试卷及答案

2026年小学五年级上册语文期末专项训练试卷及答案一、基础知识积累与运用（共45分）1.读句子，根据拼音写词语，要求把字写得规范、美观。（8分）秋天的午后，阳光透过树叶的fèngxì（）洒在地上。爷爷坐在院子里的téngyǐ（）上，手里拿着一把púshàn（），慢条斯理地给我讲起了过去的故事。他说，做人不能tānlán（），要懂得知足常乐。听了爷爷的话，我若有所思，手中的bǐjì（）本仿佛也变得沉重起来，记录下这珍贵的教诲。2.下列词语中，加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）（3分）A.眸子（mú）嫌弃（xián）嗜好（shì）眸光（móu）B.降落（jiàng）嫌弃（xián）享福（xiǎng）眸子（mó）C.眸子（móu）嫌弃（xián）眸光（mú）嗜好（shì）D.降落（xiáng）嫌弃（xuán）享福（hēng）眸子（mó）3.下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）（3分）A.精致陪合悠然镜匣B.爱慕分辨亩产播种C.吩咐浓密检查亭子D.萝卜糕饼沉甸甸难以相信4.给下列加点字选择正确的解释。（填序号）（3分）“熟”字在字典里的解释有：①食物烧煮到可以食用的程度；②植物的果实等完全长成；③因常见或常用而知道得清楚；④熟练；⑤程度深。（1）这碗粥煮熟了。________（2）这里的风景我很熟悉。________（3）这是一个深思熟虑的决定。________5.按要求写词语。（6分）（1）写出三个AABB式的词语：________、________、________（2）写出三个含“然”字的成语：________、________、________（3）写出三个描写人物神态的词语：________、________、________6.选词填空。（4分）爱慕爱护爱惜爱戴（1）我们要（）公共财物，保持环境整洁。（2）鲁迅先生深受广大人民群众的（）。（3）大家都很（）小华那种刻苦学习的精神。（4）这是名家（）已久的珍品，价值连城。7.判断下列句子运用的修辞手法，正确的一项是（）（3分）（1）白鹭实在是一首诗，一首韵在骨子里的散文诗。（2）全年，整个村子都浸在桂花的香气里。（3）这里的桂花再香，也比不上家乡院子里的桂花。A.比喻夸张对比B.拟人夸张对比C.比喻拟人夸张D.排比夸张比喻8.按要求改写句子。（6分）（1）这里的桂花真香，香得让人陶醉。（改为夸张句）___________________________________________________________（2）父亲说：“这是我对你们的希望。”（改为转述句）___________________________________________________________（3）这么小的松鼠，怎么会被猎人抓住呢？（改为陈述句）___________________________________________________________9.课文内容回顾与积累。（16分）（1）白鹭是一首精巧的诗。白鹭实在是一首诗，________。（郭沫若《白鹭》）（2）桂花摇落以后，挑去小枝小叶，晒上几天太阳，收在铁盒子里，________，________。（琦君《桂花雨》）（3）________，非是藉秋风。（虞世南《蝉》）（4）七夕今宵看碧霄，________。（林杰《乞巧》）（5）默写《示儿》。________，________。________，________。（6）《落花生》一课中，父亲告诉我们要做________的人，不要做________，而________的人。（7）将相和的故事中，“将”指________，“相”指________，“和”的意思是________。故事由________、________、________三个小故事组成。二、口语交际与综合性学习（共5分）10.班级要开展“走近民间故事”的综合性学习活动，请你完成以下任务。（1）请为本次活动设计一条宣传标语。（2分）___________________________________________________________（2）活动中，你准备向同学们推荐一个民间故事，请写出故事的名字，并用一句话概括故事的主要内容。（3分）故事名字：__________________主要内容：________________________________________________三、阅读理解与赏析（共30分）（一）课内阅读（12分）阅读《父爱之舟》片段，回答问题。是昨夜熬了整夜，因为赶着要替学校做一批竹篮子。我……我刚才去看了他的病，他……他快要死了……我顿时懵了，脑海里一片空白。我从来没有想过，那个在风里来雨里去、在乌篷船头摇橹的父亲，那个为了我读书而含辛茹苦的父亲，那个总是笑呵呵地摸着我的头说“囡囡，好好读书”的父亲，竟然会快要死了。我发疯似地奔向医院。病房里，父亲静静地躺着，脸色蜡黄，眼窝深陷。看到我进来，他的眼睛微微睁开了一下，嘴唇动了动，似乎想说什么，却发不出声音。我扑到床前，紧紧握住他那只粗糙的大手，泪水夺眶而出。“囡囡，别哭……爸爸没事……”父亲终于挤出一丝微弱的声音，那声音轻得像秋天的落叶。“爸爸，我以后一定听话，一定好好读书……”我泣不成声。父亲的手在我手里微微颤抖了一下，脸上露出了一丝欣慰的笑容。那一刻，我仿佛看到了父亲那颗慈爱的心，依然在为我跳动。11.“我顿时懵了，脑海里一片空白。”这句话写出了“我”当时怎样的心情？（3分）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________12.选文中画线句子运用了什么描写方法？有什么作用？（4分）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________13.父亲临终前对“我”说的话，表现了他怎样的品质？（3分）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14.说说你对题目“父爱之舟”的理解。（2分）___________________________________________________________（二）课外阅读（18分）阅读下文，回答问题。__________________①春天到了，万物复苏。在一个阳光明媚的早晨，一颗种子被埋在了湿润的泥土里。它四周黑漆漆的，什么也看不见。它感到有些孤独，有些害怕。②“孩子，别怕。”一个温和的声音在它耳边响起。种子惊讶地问：“你是谁？你在哪儿？”③“我是大地母亲，你就在我的怀抱里。”大地母亲温柔地说，“我会给你营养，给你水分，你要努力地生长，去见识外面的精彩世界。”④听了大地母亲的话，种子鼓起了勇气。它努力地吸收着水分和养分，慢慢地膨胀起来。几天后，它的外皮裂开了，伸出了一个小小的嫩芽。⑤嫩芽努力地向上顶，它想看看外面的世界。可是，上面的泥土太重了，它顶不动。它有些泄气了，想放弃。⑥“孩子，别灰心。”大地母亲鼓励它，“只要坚持，你一定能成功的。外面的世界很美，有温暖的阳光，有和煦的春风，还有唱歌的小鸟。”⑦听了大地母亲的话，嫩芽重新燃起了希望。它聚集全身的力量，用力地向上顶。一次，两次，三次……终于，它钻出了地面。⑧啊！外面的世界真美呀！金灿灿的阳光洒在它身上，暖洋洋的。春风轻轻地抚摸着它，舒服极了。小鸟在枝头叽叽喳喳地唱着歌，仿佛在欢迎它的到来。⑨嫩芽高兴极了，它对着太阳微笑，对着春风点头。它想：我一定要快快长大，开出美丽的花朵，把这个世界装扮得更美好。⑩日子一天天过去，嫩芽长高了，长出了嫩绿的叶子。在一个清晨，它终于开出了一朵鲜艳的小花。那花是粉红色的，散发着淡淡的清香。蝴蝶飞来了，在它身边翩翩起舞；蜜蜂飞来了，在它花丛中辛勤采蜜。⑪小花看着这一切，心里充满了感激。它知道，没有大地母亲的哺育，没有自己的坚持，就没有今天的美丽。它把根深深地扎进泥土里，努力地汲取着营养，准备迎接更美好的明天。15.给短文加一个合适的题目，写在文前的横线上。（2分）16.按照种子生长的过程，将下列词语排序。（填序号）（3分）①发芽②钻出地面③开花④被埋在土里排序：________→________→________→________17.从文中找出下列词语的反义词。（3分）（1）寒冷—________（2）黑暗—________（3）沮丧—________18.第⑦段中画线句子运用了什么修辞手法？有什么好处？（4分）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19.种子在生长过程中遇到了哪些困难？它是如何克服的？（3分）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________20.读了这篇短文，你明白了什么道理？（3分）______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、习作表达（共20分）21.题目：________，让我感动要求：（1）先把题目补充完整，可以填“一句话”、“一个眼神”、“一次帮助”、“母爱”等；（2）内容具体，语句通顺，感情真实；（3）字数不少于450字。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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