2026届新高考英语三轮热点复习阅读词义猜测

2026届新高考英语三轮热点复习阅读词义猜测Lead-inWhatdoyouusuallydowhenencounteringnewwords?A.skipthemB.feelanxiousC.guessthemeaningsafatcat

whiteelephant

肥猫白象如何猜测词句意义？

1.Lucymarriedamanwhoownsabigcompanyandhasmillionsofdollars.Heisreallyafatcat.2.Emilygotabighousefromheraunt,butitturnedouttobeawhiteelephant—theheatingcosttoomuchandnobodywantedtobuyit.arichmansomethingexpensivebutuselessGiveitshot123456理解主旨要义；理解文中具体信息；根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；做出判断和推理；理解文章的基本结构理解作者的意图、观点和态度。课程标准对阅读能力的要求常见设问方式1.Theunderlinedword“…”refersto/(probably)means.2.Inparagraph...,“...”canbereplacedby“...”.3.“…”asusedinthepassagecanbestbedefinedas…4.Bysayingthat“...”inthefirstparagraph,theauthormeansthat_____5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“…”refertointhelastparagraph?6.Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword“…”?7.Theunderlinedword/sentenceinthe...paragraphcouldbestbereplacedby…8.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheword“…”?Part2知识探究高考词句猜测题类型：1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inParagraph3mean?2.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinParagraph2?3.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Thecat’slotwasabouttoimprove”inparagraph3suggest?4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?猜测陌生单词的意义或熟词生义猜测短语意义猜测句子意义猜测代词指代内容一、逻辑关系法①Doctorsbelievethatsmokingisdetrimentaltopeople’shealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.②Mr.Greenlovestotalkandhisbrothersaresimilarlyloquacious.1.同义关系利用上下文中出现的同义或近义的单词或短语推知生词的意思。有害的，不利的

harmful话多的，健谈的talktiveSignalwords:and,or,also,as…as，justas,similarly…①AndrewisthemostsuperciliouspersonIknow.Hisbrother,incontrast,isquitehumbleandmodest.②Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely．2.反义关系利用上下文中出现的反义单词或短语推知生词的意思。傲慢的，高傲的相貌平平的Signalwords:incontrast,onthecontrary,unlike,while…①Itriedhardnottomakemistakes,butIslippedup.②Theyanticipatedanarduousjourneythroughthemountains,however,theactualhiketurnedouttobesurprisinglyeasy.3.转折关系利用上下文的转折逻辑关系推知生词的意思。疏忽，不小心出差错艰苦的，艰难的Signalwords:but,yet,however,while,instead(of),ontheotherhand,ratherthan,unfortunately…①Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibits(陈列品)inoneday.②Theflowersinthevasewitheredbecausetheyhadnowater.巨大的枯萎，凋谢4.因果关系利用上下文的因果关系推知生词的意思。Signalwords:because,as,thus,therefore,hence,consequently,dueto,owingto,thanksto,resultin,resultfrom,onaccountof,so,asaresult,forthisreason,accordingly,so...that...,such...that...①Pantomimereferstoashortplay(戏剧)inwhichnowordsarespoken.二、解释说明法1.下定义利用上下文中对生词/的定义或解释性话语推知生词的意思。Signalwords:mean,refersto,namely,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,toputitanotherway哑剧，默剧①Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.②Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.2.定语从句利用上下文中修饰生词/短语的定语从句推知生词/短语的意思。牧人变戏法的人①

Semantics,thestudyofthemeaningofwords,isnecessaryifyouaretospeakandreadintelligently.3.同位语利用上下文中生词的同位语推知生词/短语的意思。语义学①Thevillagerswereknownfortheirhospitablenature;forexample,theyalwaysofferedfoodandaplacetostaytostrangers.②Someanimalsusecamouflagetohide.Forinstance,chameleonschangetheirskincolortomatchtreesorrocks.4.举例子利用文中例子推知生词/短语的意思。好客的保护色Signalwords:forexample,forinstance,suchas①Youcantakeanyoftheperiodicals:TheWorldofEnglish,ForeignLanguageTeachinginSchools,orEnglishLearning.5.标点符号利用文中冒号、破折号和括号等具有解释说明作用标点符号推知生词/短语的意思。期刊①

Overworkmaycausediseases.②Don’tletyourpersonalfeelingscloudyourjudgement.③Whenhereachedtheplacewithhisarmy,hefoundaimpassableriverinfrontofhim.三、构词法过度工作合成法

compounding转化法

conversion模糊无法通行的，无法通过的派生法derivation①Metalexpandswhenheatedandcontractswhencooled.②Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.③Birdsflywiththeirwings,andtheypickuptheirfoods,andtheneatthemwiththeirbeaksandtheyusetheirclawsfortearing,seizing,pullingorholdingobjects.四、常识法收缩麻醉剂鸟喙①TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomestoDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.五、语境法高手Part3真题解读1.（2025全国I卷B篇）Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswere

staggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?A.Mixed. B.Amazing.

C.Similar.

D.Disturbing.2.(2025年全国Ⅱ卷B篇)Thereareupto30studentsatanygiventimeinHo’sclass.Shegenerallyworkswiththeirregularteacherstogetlessonsandtestsbeingusedattheirhomeschools.Someteachersdon’tgivethekidsanyassignments;theyexpresssympathyinstead.“Ifeellikeit

isadisservicetothekids,”Hosays.“Theythinktheirteachersdon’tcareabouttheirschoolwork.”Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4?A.Offeringregularlessons. B.Payingextraattention.C.Assigningnoschoolwork. D.Showingnosympathy.3.（2024全国I卷C篇）Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’sonpaperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularly

shinethrough

whenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks—likeidentifyingthemainideainareadingpassage—toonesthatrequirementalabstraction—suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough”inparagraph2mean?A.Seemunlikelytolast. B.Seemhardtoexplain.C.Becomereadytouse. D.Becomeeasytonotice.4.(2024年全国Ⅱ卷D篇)

Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代码)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic，makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean?5.(2024年全国甲卷B篇)Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit，butcats

takethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators(食肉动物).Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!Whichbestexplainsthephrase“take...upnotch”inparagraph3?A.Performappropriately. B.Movefaster.C.Actstrangely. D.Dobetter.6.（2023全国I卷C篇）Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigital

declutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean?A.Clear-up. B.Add-on. C.Check-in. D.Take-over.7.（2023全国Ⅱ卷C篇）Inthis“bookofbooks”，artworksareselectedandarrangedinawaythatemphasizestheseconnectionsbetweendifferenterasandcultures.Weseescenesofchildrenlearningtoreadathomeoratschool，withthebookasafocusforrelationsbetweenthegenerations.Adultsareportrayed(描绘)aloneinmanysettingsandposes—absorbedinavolume，deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure.Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago，buttheyrecordmomentswecanall

relateto.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“relateto”inparagraph2mean?A.Understand.

B.Paint.C.Seize.

D.Transform.8.（2023浙江首考B篇）Livewithroommates?Havefriendsandfamilyaroundyou?Chancesarethatifyou’relookingtoliveamoresustainablelifestyle,noteveryonearoundyouwillbereadyto

jumponthatbandwagon.IexperiencedthiswhenIstartedswitchingtoazerowastelifestylefiveyearsago,asIwaslivingwithmyparents,andIcontinuetoexperiencethiswithmyhusband,asheisnotcompletelyzerowastelikeme.I’velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough,whichIhopeyou’llfindencouragingifyou’redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“jumponthatbandwagon”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Shareanapartmentwithyou. B.Joinyouinwhatyou’redoing.C.Transformyourwayofliving. D.Helpyoutomakethedecision.9.(2022年全国甲卷C篇)Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(职业)a