2026年人教五年级语文上册期末测试试卷及答案

2026年人教五年级语文上册期末测试试卷及答案一、积累与运用（共35分）1.下列词语中，加点字的读音完全正确的一项是（）(A.眸子（móu）眷恋（juàn）纠正（jiū）妥当（dàng）B.嗜好（shì）眸子（mú）陪衬（chèn）眼睑（liǎn）C.依偎（wēi）煞白（shà）衰老（shuāi）沉甸甸（diàn）D.酿造（liàng）瞬间（shùn）嫌弃（xián）点缀（zhuì）2.下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）(A.爱慕珍贵吩咐镜匣B.平衡迟廷拒绝纠纷C.梳理糕饼沉迷陷井D.水瓶拜访眼境邮寄3.依次填入下列横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（）(①母亲把花生做成了好几样食品，就在后院的茅亭里过这个节。②猎狗慢慢地走近，闻了闻，张开大嘴，露出锋利的牙齿。③那个年轻人很瘦，脸色苍白，似乎经不起风吹。④这里的桂花树虽然多，但母亲却总不忘杭州的桂花。A.品味预备虚弱乃至B.品尝预备虚弱甚至C.品尝准备软弱乃至D.品味准备软弱甚至4.下列句子中，标点符号使用不正确的一项是（）(A.我问：“古来谈读书的人，为什么不忽略‘读’这个最重要的环节呢？”B.“这是怎么一回事呢？”皇帝心里想，“我什么也没有看见！”C.它的果实埋在地里，不像桃子、石榴、苹果那样，把鲜红嫩绿的果实高高地挂在枝头上。D.父亲说：“你们爱吃花生么？”我们争着答应：“爱！”5.下列句子中，加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是（）(A.面对这突如其来的变故，他显得有些不知所措。B.这座博物馆里珍藏着许多奇珍异宝，吸引了无数游客前来参观。C.他在讲台上夸夸其谈，但实际操作起来却手忙脚乱。D.既然两个方案都有道理，那我们就按部就班，先试试第一个。6.下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）(A.通过阅读《落花生》，使我明白了做人的道理。B.秋天的北京香山是一个美丽的季节。C.我们要改进学习方法，增加学习效率。D.即使工作再忙，他每天也要坚持体育锻炼。7.下列关于文学文化常识的表述，不正确的一项是（）(A.《白鹭》是郭沫若的一篇散文，他用细腻的笔触描绘了白鹭的优美姿态。B.《落花生》的作者是许地山，文章通过花生的特点说明了做人的道理。C.《猎人海力布》和《牛郎织女》都是我国古代民间故事，充满了神奇的想象。D.《父爱之舟》是吴冠中写的一篇散文，描写了父爱的深沉与伟大。8.根据课文内容填空。((1)垂缕饮清露，流响出疏桐。__________，__________。（虞世南《蝉》）(2)《少年中国说（节选）》中，作者用排比句来赞美少年的英姿和国家的前程：“红日初升，__________。河出伏流，__________。”(3)怨妇吟，白居易在《长相思》中写道：“汴水流，泗水流，__________，__________。”(4)《将相和》中，“将”指__________，“相”指__________，文章讲了“完璧归赵”、“__________”和“负荆请罪”三个故事。(5)读书破万卷，__________。三更灯火五更鸡，__________。9.综合性学习。(班级正在开展“民间故事推荐会”，请你参与并完成以下任务。(1)请为你最喜欢的一个民间故事写一句推荐语。（2分）(2)在讲述民间故事时，为了让故事更生动，我们可以进行创造性复述。请写出一种创造性复述的方法。（1分）(3)许多民间故事都蕴含着深刻的道理。请从《牛郎织女》或《猎人海力布》中选择一个，简要概括其蕴含的道理。（2分）10.按要求完成句子练习。((1)白鹭实在是一首诗，一首韵在骨子里的散文诗。（改为反问句）(2)这里的桂花再香，也比不上家乡院子里的桂花。（用关联词合成一句话）(3)照样子，写句子。例：这里的桂花真香，香得让人陶醉。秋天的枫叶真红，__________________。二、阅读理解（共35分）（一）阅读下面的课内片段，完成11-14题。(①父亲说：“花生的好处很多，有一样最可贵：它的果实埋在地里，不像桃子、石榴、苹果那样，把鲜红嫩绿的果实高高地挂在枝头上，使人一见就生爱慕之心。你们看它矮矮地长在地上，等到成熟了，也不能立刻分辨出来它有没有果实，必须挖起来才知道。”②我们都说是，母亲也点点头。③父亲接下去说：“所以你们要像花生，它虽然不好看，可是很有用。”④我说：“那么，人要做有用的人，不要做只讲体面，而对别人没有好处的人。”⑤父亲说：“对。这是我对顶你们的希望。”⑥我们谈到深夜才散。花生做的食品都吃完了，父亲的话却深深地印在我的心上。11.选文出自__________写的《落花生》。（1分）12.父亲将花生和桃子、石榴、苹果进行对比，突出了花生__________、__________的特点。（4分）13.对文中画线句子“所以你们要像花生，它虽然不好看，可是很有用”理解正确的一项是（）(A.父亲不喜欢花生，觉得它长得不好看。B.父亲希望孩子们像花生一样，虽然外表不漂亮，但要做一个对别人有用的人。C.父亲认为花生比桃子、石榴、苹果更有营养。D.父亲告诉孩子们花生虽然不好看，但是味道很好。14.在生活中，有哪些人具有花生一样的品质？请举一个例子简要说明。（3分）（二）阅读下面的课外短文，完成15-19题。(①圆明园中，有金碧辉煌的殿堂，也有玲珑剔透的亭台楼阁；有象征着热闹街市的“买卖街”，也有象征着田园风光的山乡村野。园中许多景物都是仿照各地名胜建造的，如，海宁的安澜园，苏州的狮子林，杭州西湖的平湖秋月、雷峰夕照；还有很多景物是古代诗人的诗情画意建造的，如，蓬岛瑶台，武陵春色。园中不仅有民族建筑，还有西洋景观。漫步园内，有如漫游在天南海北，饱览着中外风景名胜；流连其间，仿佛置身在幻想的境界里。②圆明园不但建筑宏伟，还收藏着最珍贵的历史文物。上自先秦时代的青铜礼器，下至唐、宋、元、明、清历代的名人书画和各种奇珍异宝。所以，它又是当时世界上最大的博物馆、艺术馆。③1860年10月6日，英法联军侵入北京，闯进圆明园。他们把园内凡是能拿走的东西，统统掠走；拿不动的，就用大车或牲口搬运；实在运不走的，就任意破坏、毁掉。为了销毁罪证，10月18日和19日，三千多名侵略者奉命在园内放火。大火连烧三天，烟云笼罩了整个北京城。我国这一园林艺术的瑰宝、建筑艺术的精华，就这样化成了一片灰烬。15.选文第①自然段主要介绍了圆明园的__________，第②自然段主要介绍了圆明园的__________。（2分）16.用“__________”画出第①自然段中描写游览感受的句子。（2分）17.下列对选文理解不正确的一项是（）(A.圆明园汇集了天下美景，融合了中外建筑风格。B.圆明园中收藏的文物不仅有书画，还有青铜礼器等，非常珍贵。C.英法联军闯进圆明园，主要目的是为了销毁罪证，所以放火烧了圆明园。D.圆明园的毁灭是中国文化史上不可估量的损失。18.第③自然段中，作者用了“凡是”、“统统”、“任意”等词语，这样写有什么好处？（3分）19.结合选文内容，谈谈你对“圆明园的毁灭是中国文化史上不可估量的损失，也是世界文化史上不可估量的损失”这句话的理解。（3分）（三）阅读下面的非连续性文本，完成20-22题。(【材料一】随着科技的发展，智能手机已经成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。然而，过度使用手机也给青少年的身心健康带来了严重影响。某市对中小学生手机使用情况进行了调查，结果如下：表1：中小学生平均每天使用手机时长调查表\begin{array}{|c|c|c|}\hline\text{使用时长}&\text{小学生占比}&\text{中学生占比}\\\hline\text{30分钟以内}&25\%&10\%\\\hline\text{30分钟-1小时}&40\%&25\%\\\hline\text{1小时-2小时}&20\%&35\%\\\hline\text{2小时以上}&15\%&30\%\\\hline\end{array}【材料二】眼科专家指出，长时间盯着手机屏幕，会导致视力下降、干眼症等问题。此外，沉迷手机游戏和社交软件还会分散学习注意力，影响睡眠质量，甚至导致性格孤僻。【材料三】教育部办公厅印发了《关于加强中小学生手机管理工作的通知》，明确规定中小学生原则上不得将个人手机带入校园。确有需求的，须经家长同意、书面提出申请，进校后应将手机由学校统一保管，禁止带入课堂。20.根据材料一，下列说法正确的一项是（）(A.大部分小学生每天使用手机的时间在1小时以上。B.中学生使用手机2小时以上的比例比小学生低。C.每天使用手机30分钟至1小时的小学生占比最高。D.没有小学生每天使用手机的时间在30分钟以内。21.结合材料二和材料三，说说教育部为什么要禁止中小学生将手机带入校园？（4分）22.你的同桌小明最近总是沉迷手机游戏，导致上课精神不集中，成绩下滑。请你结合以上材料，劝说他合理使用手机。（6分）三、习作（共30分）23.题目：__________，让我感动提示：在我们的生活中，总会有一些人、一些事或一些场景，深深地触动我们的心灵，让我们感到温暖、敬佩或感动。可能是一个眼神，一句话，一个背影，也可能是一次互助，一次坚守……要求：(1)把题目补充完整（如：妈妈的唠叨、那个陌生人的微笑、雨中的背影等）。(2)内容具体，语句通顺，感情真挚。(3)书写工整，不少于450字。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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