CentOS7学习笔记介绍

Apache运行账号daemonMysql账号Root:123179Cacti:123179Cacti系统账号：cactiuser:123179(给rrdlogs权限的账号，cron的运行账号)Cacti登录账号：admin:123179Nagios账号：Nagios系统账号:nagios,组：nagios,nagcmdNagiosWEBaccess账号：nagiosadmin:123179CentOS7源码安装apache错误：apr/apr-util1.下载apr/apr-util，解压至apache（httpd）目录./httpd-2.4-XX/srclib，将arp/arp-util后缀中的数字去掉2.重新编译./httpd-2.4-XX/configure--prefix=/usr/local/apache2--with-included-apr错误：pcre1.从下载pcre,解压，编译，安装./pcre-xxx/configure--prefix=/usr/loca/pcre;make;makeinstall2.重新编译./httpd-2.4-XX/configure--prefix=/usr/local/apache2--with-included-apr--with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre错误：gcc/gcc-c++1.sudoyuminstallgccgcc-c++经验：安装系统开机启动服务1./usr/lib/systemd/system(需要用户登录才启动的：/usr/lib/systemd/user)2.sudovim/usr/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service3.[Unit]Description=Apache2httpserverservices[Service]Type=forkingExecStart=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectlstartExecReload=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectlrestartExecStop=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectlstopPrivateTmp=true[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target4.chmod754apache2.service5.sudosystemctlenable/disableapache2.service6.sudosystemctlstart/stop/restartapache2.service经验：CentOS7关闭默认防火墙sudosystemctlstopfirewalld.service或者放开防火墙端口Sudofirewall-cmd--permanent–add-port=80/tcp错误：图形界面开机后couldnotapplythestoredconfigurationrm–f~/.config/monitors.xmlCentOS7源码安装mysql经验：准备条件make,cmake,gcc-c++错误：FATALERROR:pleaseinstallthefollowingPerlmodulesbeforeexecuting./mysql_install_db:1.sudoyuminstallperl-Module-Install错误：CouldNOTfindCurses(missing:CURSES_LIBRARYCURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)CMakeErroratcmake/readline.cmake:85(MESSAGE):Curseslibrarynotfound.Pleaseinstallappropriatepackage,removeCMakeCache.txtandreruncmake.OnDebian/Ubuntu,packagenameislibncurses5-dev,onRedhatandderivatesitisncurses-devel.1.yuminstallncurses-devel2.删除CMakeCache.txt继续运行cmake.错误：CMakeErroratinfo_macros.cmake:110(FILE):fileInternalCMakeerrorwhentryingtoopenfile:/home/osborn.lee/Downloads/mysql-5.6.26/Docs/INFO_BINforwriting.CallStack(mostrecentcallfirst):cmake/info_bin.cmake:29(CREATE_INFO_BIN)make[2]:***[CMakeFiles/INFO_BIN]Error1make[1]:***[CMakeFiles/INFO_BIN.dir/all]Error2make:***[all]Error2yum-yinstallgccgcc-c++autoconfautomakezlib*fiex*libxml*ncurses-devellibmcrypt*libtool-ltdl-devel*cmakecmake-guilibaio-develbison-develmake错误：写入失败mysqld_safeLoggingto'/usr/local/mysql/data/CentOS7.err'.1修改data目录权限chown–Rmysqldata经验：修改mysqlroot账户密码1#mysqladmin–urootpassword“NEWPASSWORD”#在centos7上不成功2#mysqladmin–uroot–pMysql>setpasswordfor‘root’@’localhost’=password(‘NEWPASSWORD’);3#mysqladmin–uroot–pMysql>updatemysql.usersetpassword=password(‘NEWPASSWORD’)whereuser=’root’;Mysql>flushprivileges;经验：启动mysql（开机启动mysql）1启动/关闭mysql#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe–user=mysql&#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladminshutdown可以将/usr/local/mysql/bin加入系统路径中a在/etc/profile加入PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATHb重启系统或者刷新配置立即生效#source/etc/profile2使用mysql.server命令#/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.serverstart#/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.serverstop3开机自动启动mysql在/usr/lib/systemd/system/中创建mysql.service文件，内容如下：[Unit]Description=MySQLCommunityServerAfter=network.target[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target[Service]User=mysqlGroup=mysqlPermissionsStartOnly=true#ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-startpreExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe--user=mysqlExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladminshutdown#ExecStartPost=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-startpostTimeoutSec=600Restart=on-failurePHP源码安装错误：configure:error:CannotfindOpenSSL's<evp.h>1sudoyuminstallphpphp-devel错误：error:PleasereinstalltheBZip2distribution1sudoyuminstallbzip2bzip2-devel编译PHP5.5.6时安装mcrypt2.6.8(2013-11-2016:52:44)转载▼标签：mcryptmhashlibmcryptld_library_pathlibmhashit 分类：Linux按顺序安装下列库:1.libmcrypt2.5.82.mhash3.mcrypt2.6.8问题出在安装mcrypt2.6.8的时候,编译时报错:checkingformhash_keygenin-lmhash...noconfigure:error:"Youneedatleastlibmhash0.8.15tocompilethisprogram.在安装mcrypt之前先配置路径###exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/libmcrypt/lib:/usr/local/mhash/lib###exportLDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/mhash/lib/-I/usr/local/mhash/include/"###exportCFLAGS="-I/usr/local/mhash/include/"###./configure--prefix=/usr/local/mcrypt/--with-libmcrypt-prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt接下来的php编译参数需要添加这两项:--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt--with-mhash=/usr/local/mhash经验：编译php./configure--prefix=/usr/local/php--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql--with-openssl--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config--enable-mbstring--with-freetype-dir--with-jpeg-dir--with-png-dir--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr--enable-xml--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5/etc--with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php5/etc/php.d--with-bz2--enable-sockets--with-snmp=/usr/local/net-snmp安装rrdtool错误：libpngpangocairo1yuminstalllibpng-devellibpng-static2yuminstallpango-develcairo-develUseraddcactiuser–s/sbin/nologincrontab-ucactiuser-e

*/1****/usr/local/php5/bin/php/usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php>/dev/null2>&1crontab–ucactiuser–l安装nagios错误：Notrunning以及cgi不执行Httpd.conf启用：LoadModulecgid_modulemodules/mod_cgid.soNCPAasitisusinganon-standardport(5693)Windows测试:https://localhost:5693/api/?token=public

./check_nrpe-H29-calias_cpuPDQDeployNpreport:5666NSCLIENT++使用自定义脚本[/settings/externalscripts/scripts]check_py=cmd/c"scripts\python\check_py.py"NRPE使用自定义脚本[root@nhserver1libexec]#vim/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

command[nh_check_getload]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/getload.pyIcinga安装1#rpm--import/icinga.key#curl-o/etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repo/epel/ICINGA-release.repo#yummakecacheRHEL/CentOS7andFedora:#yuminstallicinga2#systemctlenableicinga2#systemctlstarticinga2下载单个文件，默认将输出打印到标准输出中(STDOUT)中curl通过-o/-O选项保存下载的文件到指定的文件中：

-o：将文件保存为命令行中指定的文件名的文件中

-O：使用URL中默认的文件名保存文件到本地1#将文件下载到本地并命名为mygettext.html2curl-omygettext.html/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html34#将文件保存到本地并命名为gettext.html5curl-O/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#icinga2featurelist1安装icinga-web1）安装mysql，centos7之后用mariadb替代mysql，maria是mysql的一个分支，防止orcal对mysql进行闭源的风险。#yuminstallicinga2-ido-mysqlSettinguptheMySQLdatabaseSetupaMySQLdatabaseforIcinga2:#mysql-uroot-pmysql>CREATEDATABASEicinga;GRANTSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,DROP,CREATEVIEW,INDEX,EXECUTEONicinga.*TO'icinga'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'123179';AftercreatingthedatabaseyoucanimporttheIcinga2IDOschemausingthefollowingcommand:#mysql-uroot-picinga</usr/share/icinga2-ido-mysql/schema/mysql.sql2）EnablingtheIDOMySQLmoduleThepackageprovidesanewconfigurationfilethatisinstalledin/etc/icinga2/features-available/ido-mysql.conf.Youwillneedtoupdatethedatabasecredentialsinthisfile.Allavailableattributesareexplainedinthe

IdoMysqlConnectionobjectchapter.Youcanenablethe

ido-mysql

featureconfigurationfileusing

icinga2featureenable:#icinga2featureenableido-mysqlModule'ido-mysql'wasenabled.MakesuretorestartIcinga2forthesechangestotakeeffect.Afterenablingtheido-mysqlfeatureyouhavetorestartIcinga2:Debian/Ubuntu,RHEL/CentOS6andSUSE:#serviceicinga2restartRHEL/CentOS7andFedora:#systemctlrestarticinga23）SettingUpExternalCommandPipeWebinterfacesandotherIcingaaddonsareabletosendcommandstoIcinga2throughtheexternalcommandpipe.YoucanenabletheExternalCommandPipeusingtheCLI:#icinga2featureenablecommand4）Bydefaultthecommandpipefileisownedbythegroup

icingacmd

withread/writepermissions.Addyourwebserver'susertothegroup

icingacmdtoenablesendingcommandstoIcinga2throughyourwebinterface:#usermod-a-Gicingacmddaemondaemon是apache2的运行账户，这里可以是其它用户自定义的账户，请注意查看。Youcanverifythattheuserhasbeensuccessfullyaddedtothe

icingacmdgroupusingthe

id

command:$id<your-webserver-user>gitclonegit:///icingaweb2.gitmvicingaweb2/usr/share/icingaweb2./bin/icingaclisetupconfigwebserverapache--document-root/usr/local/icingaweb2/public>/usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/icingaweb2.confPHPFatalerror:CalltoundefinedfunctionIcinga\Util\bindtextdomain()in/usr/local/icingaweb2/library/Icinga/Util/Translator.phponline158安装gettext,php加载gettext模块安装php的模块有两种方式：一、重新编译php，加上--with-gettext二、动态安装现在说下第二个动态安装1、下载同版本的php原包，解压后进入ext目录，目录下便是模块2、进入gettext目录下执行：/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure--with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config（以上两个命令的路径根据自己系统情况而定）makemakeinstall3、在php.ini里添加上gettext.soextension="gettext.so"重启php即可extension=/usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/gettext.so在/usr/local/apache2/conf/http.conf中启用icingaweb2.confIncludeconf/extra/icingaweb2.conf5）[root@CentOS7icingaweb2]#groupadd-ricingaweb2[root@CentOS7icingaweb2]#usermod-a-Gicingaweb2daemon6）Use

icingacli

tocreatetheconfigurationdirectorywhichdefaultsto

/etc/icingaweb2:./bin/icingaclisetupconfigdirectoryWhenusingthewebsetupyouarerequiredtoauthenticateusingatoken.Inordertogenerateatokenusetheicingacli:./bin/icingaclisetuptokencreateIncaseyoudonotrememberthetokenyoucanshowitusingthe

icingacli:./bin/icingaclisetuptokenshowc4fbf84ca5d32185在浏览器中输入：1/icingaweb2/setup填写tokenFailedtosuccessfullyvalidatetheconfiguration:Canotfinddriver#./configure–with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config–with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysqlopensslpasswd-1password$1$ZG4d7BAp$ZfolJW124174MMy0OlL9B.Yum安装icinga2&icingaweb2#rpm--import/icinga.key#curl-o/etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repo/epel/ICINGA-release.repo#yummakecachee#yuminstallicinga2#systemctlenableicinga2#systemctlstarticinga2Icingaweb2#yuminstallmariadb-servermariadb#systemctlenablemariadb#systemctlstartmariadb#mysql_secure_installation#yuminstallicinga2-ido-mysqlSetupaMySQLdatabaseforIcinga2:#mysql-uroot-pmysql>CREATEDATABASEicinga;GRANTSELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,DROP,CREATEVIEW,INDEX,EXECUTEONicinga.*TO'icinga'@'localhost'IDENTIFIEDBY'123179';AftercreatingthedatabaseyoucanimporttheIcinga2IDOschemausingthefollowingcommand:#mysql-uroot-picinga</usr/share/icinga2-ido-mysql/schema/mysql.sqlEnablingtheIDOMySQLmoduleThepackageprovidesanewconfigurationfilethatisinstalledin/etc/icinga2/features-available/ido-mysql.conf.Youwillneedtoupdatethedatabasecredentialsinthisfile.Allavailableattributesareexplainedinthe

IdoMysqlConnectionobjectchapter.Youcanenablethe

ido-mysql

featureconfigurationfileusing

icinga2featureenable:#icinga2featureenableido-mysqlModule'ido-mysql'wasenabled.MakesuretorestartIcinga2forthesechangestotakeeffect.#systemctlrestarticinga2RHEL/CentOS7specific:#firewall-cmd--add-service=http#firewall-cmd--permanent--add-service=httpSettingUpExternalCommandPipeWebinterfacesandotherIcingaaddonsareabletosendcommandstoIcinga2throughtheexternalcommandpipe.YoucanenabletheExternalCommandPipeusingtheCLI:#icinga2featureenablecommand#systemctlrestarticinga2Bydefaultthecommandpipefileisownedbythegroup

icingacmd

withread/writepermissions.Addyourwebserver'susertothegroup

icingacmdtoenablesendingcommandstoIcinga2throughyourwebinterface:#usermod-a-Gicingacmdwww-dataYouneedtoaddtheIcingarepositorytoyourpackagemanagementconfigurationforinstallingIcingaWeb2.Belowisalistwithexamplesforvariousdistributions.RHELandCentOS:rpm--import/icinga.keycurl-o/etc/yum.repos.d/ICINGA-release.repo/epel/ICINGA-release.repoyummakecache安装epel下载：/wiki/EPEL#How_can_I_use_these_extra_packages.3FRpm–ivhepel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm安装插件yuminstallnagios-plugins-allRHEL,CentOSandFedora:yuminstallicingaweb2icingacliPreparingWebSetupYoucansetupIcingaWeb2quicklyandeasilywiththeIcingaWeb2setupwizardwhichisavailablethefirsttimeyouvisitIcingaWeb2inyourbrowser.Whenusingthewebsetupyouarerequiredtoauthenticateusingatoken.Inordertogenerateatokenusethe

icingacli:icingaclisetuptokencreateIncaseyoudonotrememberthetokenyoucanshowitusingthe

icingacli:icingaclisetuptokenshowFinallyvisitIcingaWeb2inyourbrowsertoaccessthesetupwizardandcompletetheinstallation:

/icingaweb2/setup.Setenforce0constPluginDir="/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins"Error:FailedtosendexternalIcingacommand.Noneoftheconfiguredtransportswasabletotransferthecommand.Pleaseseethelogformoredetails.Selinux的问题。Setenforce0安装nrpe插件nagios-plugins-nrpeobjectHost"centos63"自定义注意一定要写双引号tarxvzficinga-nrpe-2.14.tar.gzZABBIX1安装zabbixrepo/zabbix/2.4/rhel/7/SRPMS/下载zabbix-release-2.4-1.el7.src.rpm在linux上#rpmbuild–rebuild–cleanzabbix-release-2.4-1.el7.src.rpm#rpm–ivh/root/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/zabbi