2026届高考英语二轮复习：形容词比较等级与比较结构+课件

比较等级与比较结构ComparisonandComparativeConstruction2026届高考英语语法专项复习形容词与副词的比较等级三个等级：原级Positive/AbsoluteDegree比较级ComparativeDegree最高级SuperlativeDegree比较级和最高级的形式规则不规则规则形式构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词talltallertallestfastfasterfastest结尾为辅音闭bigbiggerbiggest音节单音节词双音节clevercleverercleverestmoreclevermostclever结尾为辅音字easyeasiereasiest母+y的双音节多音节词importantmoreimportantmostimportant不规则形式原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestwellbadworseworstilloldolder/elderoldest/eldestmuch/manymoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest没有比较等级的词语right,wrong,excellent,perfect,final,whole,ultimate,entire,fatal,spontaneous,univeral,extreme,etc.比较结构1.as…as…2.morethan&more...than(less...than)3.notsomuch.….as4.more/lessofa+sing.[C]n.+than5.nomorethan¬morethan6.nomore/less...than¬more...than7.nomore+n.+than&noless+n.+than8.nolessthan¬lessthan¬less.…than9.nootherthan&otherthan10.AistoBwhatCistoD11.themore...themore.../moreandmore12.倍数表达法as...as...基本形式as+adj./adv.原级+as否定形式notso/as+adj./adv.原级+asless...than...Examples:JohnisasdiligentasBob.Johnisnotas/sodiligentasBob.JohnislessdiligentthanBob.as...as...变体形式asmuch/many+名词+as分句e.g.Hetookasmuchbutterasheneeded.Shehaswrittenasmanyessaysasherbrother.as+adj.原级+名词词组+as分句e.g.GeorgeisasefficientaworkerasJack.=Georgeisaworker(whois)asefficientasJack.as..as与bad,much连用时，常置于句首，引导让步状语从句。译为“尽管..…”：As/Sobadasheis,hehashisgoodpoints.Asmuchasshehatedcruelty,shecouldn'thelpwatchingthefight.asgoodas（此处不涉及比较级)=ineffect，practically,译为“实际上”：Whathesaidhasasgoodasshownhisattitude.Theyhaveasgoodaspromisedtohelpus.morethan&more...than(less...than)morethan不仅仅(不只是)；极其，非常eg:Peaceismorethantheabsenceofwar.Heismorethanhappyaboutit.moreAthanB与其说是B不如说是AlessAthanB=notsomuchAasB=notAsomuchasB与其说是A不如说是Beg:Johnismoredaringthanquick-witted.=Johnislessquick-wittedthandaring.与其说John脑子灵活，不如说他胆子大。Successliesnotsomuchinluckasinhardwork.与其说成功在于运气，不如说在于辛勤劳动。notsomuchAasB=notAsomuchasB与其说是A不如说是BHissuccessisnotsomuchbytalentasbypower.与其说他的成功是由于才能，不如说是由于权力。TEM4真题:ItisnotCmuchthelanguageasthebackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.A.thatB.asC.soD.verymoreofAthanBWhathetolduswasmoreofanillusionthanareality.他告诉我们的与其说是事实，不如说是幻觉。notsomuchas连..都没有Idon'tknowhim,indeedIhavenotsomuchasheardhisname.我不认识他，甚至连他的名字都没听说过。as+muchof+单数名词+asThismeetingwasasmuchofafailureaswasexpected.这次会议正如我们所预料的那样失败。ItwasCwehadhoped.A.moreasuccessthanB.asuccessmorethanC.asmuchofasuccessasD.asuccessasmuchas这正如我们所期望的那样成功。该题考查比较结构as...as以及可等级名词的用法。success为可等级名词，可用于“muchof+a+单数名词”结构中，更常见于同比较结构相结合的结构中，如：asmuchofa..as，moreofa...than，lessofa...than等，其他可等级名词如：man，coward，sportsman，scholar，fool，poet等。该题只有c项结构正确，asmuchofasuccessas相当于assuccessfulas。more/lessofa+可数名词单数+thane.g.Heismore/lessofasportsmanthanhisbrother.=Heismore/lesssportsmanlikethanhisbrother.HewasmoreofafoolthanIthoughthewas.HewasasmuchofafoolasIthoughthewas.Hewastoomuchofafool.nomorethan¬morethannomorethan=just,only只有，不过，仅仅（强调少）notmorethan=atmost不超过，至多（客观叙述）Hehasnomorethanfivedollarsonhim.他身上仅有5美元。(强调数额少)Hehasnotmorethanfivedollarsonhim.他身上带的钱不超过5美元。(客观叙述数额少于5美元)nomore/less...than¬more...thannomore...thanA与B一样都不...notmore..than不如，并不比...更(程度上的差异)noless...thanA与B一样都...JohnisnomorediligentthanTom.John和Tom一样都不勤奋。JohnisnotmorediligentthanTom.John不如Tom勤奋。JohnisnolessdiligentthanTom.John和Tom一样都很勤奋。no+形容词的比较级+than=形容词的反义词noricherthan=aspoorasnobiggerthan=assmallasnomore+n.+than&noless+n.+thannomore...than=not...anymorethan..与...一样都不（强调否定）Awhaleisnomoreafishthanahorseis.=Awhaleisnotafishanymorethanahorseis.鲸和马都不是鱼。（鲸之非鱼类，正如马之非鱼类。noless...than=not...anylessthan..与...一样都（强调肯定）MyelderbrotherisnolessasingerthanIam.=MyelderbrotherisnotasingeranylessthanIam.我哥哥和我都是歌唱家。morethan常见用法总结：(1)morethan+n.=notonly不仅仅Mytriptothenorthismorethansightseeing我的北方之行并非观光而已。(2)morethan+adj.=very非常，十分Wearemorethanhappytohearofyoursuccess.听说你成功了，我们非常高兴。(3)morethan+adv./pron.=notlimitedto不Hewasdressedmorethansimply.他穿的岂止是朴素，简直是破烂了。（他穿得过于寒酸。）(4)morethan+num.=over多于，大于Ittookmorethan100,000mentwentyyearstobuildtheGreatPyramid.十多万人花费了二十年时间才建成了这座大金字塔。(5).more+介词短语+than主要是...，而不是...Hissuccessliesmoreindilligencethaninintelligence.他的成功主要在于勤奋，而不在于聪明。(6more...thansbcando“不是ooo所能的....”或“简直无法”ThatismorethanIcando.我力所不能及。Mr.Brownhasmoremoneythanhecanspend.布朗先生的钱多得用不完。(7)nothingismorethan/nothingmorethan/nothingmore...than”这三种形式是英语中最高级的一种委婉表达法，译为“最。莫过于”Nothingismorepreciousthantime,yetnothingislessvalued.最宝贵的莫过于时间，而最不值钱的也是时间。(8)nomorethan=only,just只有，仅仅Ihavetakennomorethansixcoursesthissemester.这学期我只选了六门课程。Itisnomorethanabeginning.这仅仅是个开端。(9)notmorethan=atmost不超过，至多Hewrotenotmorethanthreenovels.他写得小说至多不超过三部。(10)notmore...than并不比......更；不如（not只否定前者）Heisnotmorefoolishthanyou.他并不比你傻。Exercise1.工作不仅仅是成就和自豪。Workismorethanaccomplishmentandpride.2.他对结果十分满意。Heismorethanpleasedwiththeresult.3.这种情况不止一次发生。Thissituationhappenedmorethanonce.4.这家工厂有100多工人是大学生。Morethan100workersinthisfactoryarecollegestudents.5.与其说他是哲学家，不如说他是诗人。Heismoreapoetthanaphilosopher.=Heislessaphilosopherthanapoet.Exercise6.他似乎更关心他的狗，而不是他的孩子。Heseemstocaremoreforhisdogsthanforhischildren.7.他读不了那么多书。Hehasmorebooksthanhecanread.=Hecannotreadsomanybooks.8.我只不过是一个普普通通的人。Iamnomorethananordinaryman.9.剩下的票不超过10张。Therearenotmorethantenticketsleft.10.新版本并不比旧版本贵。Theneweditionisnotmoreexpensivethantheoldedition.nolessthan¬lessthan¬less.…thannolessthan=asmuchas多达，竟有...之多（强调多）notlessthan不少于，至少（客观地描述）noless+adj./n.+than不亚于，和..一样；正是Hissonhasreadnolessthan50Englishbooks.他的儿子竟然读了50本英文书。(强调多)Hissonhasreadnotlessthan50Englishbooks.他的儿子读了不少于50本英文书。(客观地描述)Hervoiceisnolesssweetthanitusedtobe.她的歌声和以前一样甜美。Themiddle-agedmanwasnolessapersonthanthenewminister.这位中年人正是新来的部长。nootherthan&otherthannootherthan只有；正是（用来加强语气）Thisisnootherthanmyoldfriend,John.这位不是别人，正是我的老朋友约翰。Themurdererturnedouttobenootherpersonthanthemanagerhimself.结果是，那个杀人犯不是别人，正是经理自己。Nottothinktoomuchonthepresentlag,nootherthanwait.不要对时下的滞留心存太多的思虑吧，等待就是了。otherthan除了Ihadnointerestsotherthanskating.除了滑冰，我没有其他的兴趣。比较结构的其它形式与用法AistoBwhatCistoDA对于B就像C对于D一样e.g.Youaretomewhatwateristolife.Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.themore...themore...越...越...moreandmore越来越e.g.Thesooneryoustart,themorequicklyyou'llfinish.Learningaforeignlanguageisamoreandmoremeaningfulprocess.倍数表达法twice/threetimes等倍数词+as+adj./adv原级+aseg.Thisbridgeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.twice/threetimes等倍数词+比较对象(n.+of...)eg.Thisbridgeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.twice/threetimes等倍数词+adj./adv.比较级+thaneg.Thisbridgeistwicelongerthanthatone.使用by,comparedwith等表倍数Hisspeedisfasterthanminebyfourtimes.他的速度比我的快4倍。Comparedwithlastyear,ourcoaloutputhasincreasedbythreetimes.与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了3倍。Anewlaptopcostsabout_B_ofasecond-handone.A.thepriceofthreetimesB.threetimesthepriceC.asmuchasthethreetimespriceD.threetimesmorethanthepriceExercises1.Sheisabetterspeakerthanintheclass.A.allthegirlsB.theotherboysC.otheranygirl①.anyboy该题主要考查比较结构中比较对象的范围表达。该题的表意有两种可能：她比班上其他任何一个女孩都能言善辩；或者，她比班上任何一个男孩都能言善辩。表达前者应该用“anyothergirl”或“theothergirls”，因为“she”属于“girls”的同一范围内，需要用other将自己排除在外；表达后者应该用“allboys”或“anyboy”，因为“she”与“boy”不在同一范围内，通常使用any即可。Th她比班上任何一个男孩都能言善辩。Exercises2.Maryishardworkingthanhersister,butshefailedintheexam.A.nolessB.nomoreC.notlessD.noso该题主要考查比较结构noless.….than，nomore.….than和notless….than的用法辨析。noless..than意为“和...一样都”，than前后都是肯定的意思，nolesshardworkingthan相当于“ashardworkingas”;nomore…than意为“和..一样不”，than前后都是否定的意思；而notless...than属于普通比较结构，是less...than的否定结构；D项noso不能与than连用。根据语境，该句为but连接的并列句，后一分句语义发生转折，前一分句应表达肯定的意思，因此A为正确答案。玛丽和她姐姐一样用功，但是考试却没及格。Exercises3.Itisnotsomuchthelanguagetheculturalbackgroundthatmakesthefilmdifficulttounderstand.A.butB.norC.likeD.as该题考查比较结构notsomuchAasB的用法。notsomuchAasB意为“与其说是A，倒不如说是B”，例如：Heisnotsomuchawriterasareporter.（与其说他是一位作家，不如说他是一名记者。）根据语境，D为正确答案。其他选项均不能与notsomuch构成搭配。与其说是语言，倒不如说是文化背景使得这部电影难以理解。Exercises4.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobablyathreattothehumanracethanenvironmentaldestruction.A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmore该题主要考查比较结构notmore...than..与nomore..than的用法辨析。由第二句中的Yet可知，第二句应是对第一句的否定，应表达“人口过剩对人类造成的威胁可能并不比环境破坏更大”之意，因此用B项notmore..than结构“不比...更...”才合乎句意。A项nomore...than意为“两者都不…”，与前一句矛盾，C、D项与yet的转折意义不符。人口过剩对人类造成了可怕的威胁。然而，它对人类的威胁可能并不比环境破坏更大。Exercises5.Thereareasgoodfishintheseaevercameoutofit.A.thanB.likeC.asD.so该题考查比较结构“as+形容词原级+名词+as-分句”的用法。“as+形容词原级+名词+as-分句”为as...as结构的变体形式，意为“正如...一样，也...”，本句取自谚语。其他选项不构成比较结构，因此C为正确答案，直译为“捞出海的鱼像海里的鱼一样好”。海中好鱼取不尽（喻指：虽然失去一个机会，还有很多机会）。Exercises6.Itwaswehadhoped.A.moreasuccessthanB.asuccessmorethanC.asmuchofasuccessasD.asuccessasmuchas该题考查比较结构as...as以及可等级名词的用法。success为可等级名词，可用于“muchof+a+单数名词”结构中，更常见于同比较结构相结合的结构中，如：asmuchofa...as，moreofa...than，lessofa...than等，其他可等级名词如：man，coward，sportsman，scholar，fool，poet等。该题只有c项结构正确，asmuchofasuccessas相当于assuccessfulas，因此c为正确答案。这正如我们所期望的那样成功。Exercises7.DoyouknowTim'sbrother?HeisthanTim.A.muchmoresportsmanB.moreofasportsmanC.moreofsportsmanD.moreasportsman该题主要考查可等级名词的用法。sportsman为可等级名词，可用于muchof/enoughof/moreof/lessof/+a+单数名词”等结构中。该题只有B项结构正确，moreofasportsman相当于moresportsmanlike,因此B为正确答案。你认识蒂姆的弟弟吗?他比蒂姆更像个运动员。Exercises8.Thelessthesurfaceofthegroundyieldstotheweightofafully-loadedtruck,tothetruck.A.thegreaterstressisB.greateristhestressC.thestressisgreaterD.thegreaterthestress该题考查比较结构“Themore...，themore...”。该结构表示“越...，越..”，前后两个分句都应该使用自然语序。有时第二部分可以使用省略形式，本句的完整形式为thegreaterthestressistothetruck，动词is可以被省略，因此D为正确答案。满载的卡车与地表的接触面越小，卡车承受的压力就越大。Exercises9.Issuesofprice,place,promotion,andproductareconventionalconcernsinplanningmarketingstrategies.A.theseofthemostB.mostofthoseC.amongthemostD.amongthemanyof该题考查among与最高级连用。among可用来表示一个比较范围，常与形容词最高级连用，意为“在最...的一类中”，例如：ShenyangisamongthelargestindustrialcitiesinChina，因此c为正确答案。价格、地点、宣传和产品等问题都属于策划营销策略时最常规的一些关注点。Exercises10.Hewastotellthetrutheventohisclosestfriend.A