广东省汕尾市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题

2/2广东省汕尾市2021-2022学年高二上学期期末教学质量监测英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解ThewholeideabehindtheUSNationalParkssystemwastopreservenaturalandhistoriclocations,andthewildlifethatlivesthere.Thatgoalallowsforinclusionofanyplacethatfeaturesnaturalbeauty,uniquegeologicalfeatures,oraninterestingecosystem,plusthesitesofnationalmonumentsandotherplacesofhistoricalorarchaeologicalsignificance.We'veselectedthreeUSNationalParksthatareasdifferentfromeachotheraspossible.Let'sstartintheNortheasterncorneroftheUS,withabeautifulparkcalledAcadia.AcadiaNationalParkAcadiaNationalParkisinEasternMaine,nearthetownofBarHarbor.Theparkisunique,inthatitfeaturesawidevarietyoflandscapes,includingmountains,oceancoastline,woodlands,lakes,andwetlands.Itcoversatotalof49,075acres.Theparkishometo37speciesofmammals,includingblackbears,moose,anddeer.Thereare33fishspeciesand331birdvarieties.EvergladesNationalParkUnlikemanynationalparks,EvergladesNationalParkwasinitiallycreatedtoprotectafragileanddisappearingecosystem.TheEvergladesconsistofanetworkofwetlandsandforeststhatarefedbyariverflowingslowlyoutofLakeOkeechobee.TheEvergladescoveramassivearea,andEvergladesNationalParkprotectsonlythesoutherntwentypercent.It'stheUnitedStates'largesttropical(热带的)wilderness;infact,it'sthelargestwildernessofanykindeastoftheMississippiRiver.HawaiiVolcanoesNationalParkHawaiiVolcanoesNationalParkislocatedon"thebigisland",Hawaii.Itwascreatedin1916.Theparkfeaturestwoactivevolcanoes,oneofwhich,MaunaLoa,istheworld'slargestshieldvolcano.Theother,Kilauea,isoneoftheworld'smostactivevolcanoes.HawaiiVolcanoesNationalParkletsvisitorsgetupcloseandpersonalwiththetwovolcanoes.Odd-lookinglava(岩浆）fieldsanddramaticlandscapescaptivatetheeye,andyoucanlearnabouttherareplantsandanimalsthatthriveinthetoughenvironment.1．WhatistheUSNationalParkssystemaimedtodo?A．Toprotectnaturalandhistoricresources.B．Torebuildoldandimportantconstructions.C．Toappreciatenaturalandgeologicalbeauty.D．Tomakeecosystemsentertainingforpeople.2．Inwhichparkcanyouexperiencearichdiversityoflandscapesandwildlife?A．Noneofthem.B．AcadiaNationalPark.C．EvergladesNationalPark.D．HawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark.3．WhatdovisitorsdoinHawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark?A．Learnaboutecosystemprotection.B．Enjoytropicalwildernesslandscapes.C．Witnesstwodifferentkindsofvolcanoes.D．Studylavasamplesinatoughenvironment.【答案】1．A2．B3．C【分析】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国三个各具特色的国家公园。1．细节理解题。根据第一段“ThewholeideabehindtheUSNationalParkssystemwastopreservenaturalandhistoriclocations,andthewildlifethatlivesthere（美国国家公园系统背后的理念在于保护自然、历史遗迹以及栖息在此地的野生动物）”可知，美国国家公园系统旨在保护自然文化资源，故选A。2．细节理解题。由AcadliaNationalPark部分的第一段“Theparkisunique,inthatitfeaturesawidevarietyoflandscapes（这个公园的独特在于它有各种各样的自然景观。）”以及第二段“Theparkishometo37speciesofmammals.Thereare33fishspeciesand331birdvarieties（这个公园有37中哺乳动物，33种鱼类以及331中鸟类）”可知，在AcadliaNationalPark你可以体验到不同种类的景观和野生动物，故选B。3．细节理解题。由HawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark部分的第一段“Theparkfeaturestwoactivevolcanoes,oneofwhich,MaunaLoa,istheworld'slargestshieldvolcano.Theother,Kilauea,isoneoftheworld'smostactivevolcanoes（这个公园以两大活火山为特色。一个是MaunaLoa，是世界上最大的盾形火山；另一个是Kilauea，世界上两大最活跃的火山之一）”可知，在HawaiiVolcanoesNationalPark，你可以看到两种火山，故选C。Alotofpeopleaskthisquestion:"Whyisbodylanguagesoimportant?"Studieshaveshownthatintheprocessofcommunication,non-verbalexpressionhas65%to93%moreinfluencethanactualtext.Thismeansthat"howtosay"ismoreimportantthan"whattosay".Ofcourse,thisdoesnotmeanthatyoudon'tneedtodopreparationforyourinterviews,nordoesitmeanthatyoucantakeanyshortcuts.Onthecontrary,thismeansthatyouhavemorethingstopayattentiontoandpreparefor.Intherealworkplace,bodylanguageismuchmoreimportantthanyouthink.Withoutproperbodylanguage,youmayfindyourselftrappedinacirclewhereyoucan'tintegratewiththeexternalenvironment,nottomentionthedifficultiesintheabsenceofbodylanguageintheworkplace."Peoplecanoftenmakeinferencesfromactions,andtheresultsoftheseinferencesdirectlyaffectlives:forexample.whowillbeemployedandwhowillbepromoted."AcademicianAmyCuddysaidinaTVtalkshow.Shealsosaidthat"ourbodylanguagewillalsoaffectourperception(感知,看法)ofourselves.Whenyoutrytomakemoreauthoritativeactions,yourbrainwillinadvertently（不经意地）receivesignalsandactuallycreateanideathatyouaremoreauthoritative,sothatyouhavemoreconfidenceinyourself".Therefore,beforeinterviewsorimportantmeetings,trynottoleanonanyobjectorhaveahunchedback.Instead,youshouldtrytokeepyourbodyrelaxed.Youcanevenstandwitharelativelyauthoritativeposture(姿势）-ofcourse,youmayneedtodothesethingsinthebathroomorplaceswherenoonecouldseeyou.Bodylanguageplaysacrucialroleinyourjobinterviews,careers,andeverydaylife.Payingattentiontobodylanguagecouldmakestrongimpactsonyourbehavior,whichcouldhelpyouachievebetterresults.So,everytimeyouarenervousorfeelthatyoucan'tdoit,stretchyourbody,smile,andtellyourself"Fakeittillyoubecomeit!"4．WhatdoesParagraph1mainlytellus?A．Whatwesayinaconversationisnotsoimportant.B．Practicingbodylanguageisashortcuttosuccess.C．Weshouldattachgreatimportancetobodylanguage.D．Bodylanguagecarries93%ofconversationmessages.5．AccordingtoAmyCuddy,whyisbodylanguageimportantforus?A．Itdecideswhetherwearepromoted.B．Itinfluencespeople'simpressionofus.C．Itmakesuslookmoreauthoritative.D．Ithelpspeopleunderstandwhoweare.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hunched"possiblymean?A．Brokendown. B．Tiedbehind.C．Bentforward. D．Straightenedup.7．Whomightbetheintendedreadersofthepassage?A．Newarrivalsintheworkplace.B．Bodylanguageresearchers.C．Workingadultstobepromoted.D．ViewersofaTVtalkshow.【答案】4．C5．B6．C7．A【分析】本文是说明文。主要介绍身体语言在职场中的重要性，并给予读者一些建议。4．主旨大意题。由开头提问“Whyisbodylanguagesoimportant?(为什么肢体语言如此重要?)”以及后续回答“Studieshaveshownthatintheprocessofcommunication,non-verbalexpressionhas65%to93%moreinfluencethanactualtext.Thismeansthat"howtosay"ismoreimportantthan"whattosay".Ofcourse,thisdoesnotmeanthatyoudon'tneedtodopreparationforyourinterviews,nordoesitmeanthatyoucantakeanyshortcuts.Onthecontrary,thismeansthatyouhavemorethingstopayattentiontoandpreparefor.(研究表明，在交流过程中，非语言表达的影响比实际文本大65%到93%。这意味着“怎么说”比“说什么”更重要。当然，这并不意味着你不需要为面试做准备，也不意味着你可以走任何捷径。相反，这意味着你有更多的事情需要注意和准备。)”等语句可知，本段主要阐述肢体语言的重要性，我们应该非常重视肢体语言。故选C。5．推理判断题。根据第三段AmyCuddy说的话“Peoplecanoftenmakeinferencesfromactions,andtheresultsoftheseinferencesdirectlyaffectlives:forexample,whowillbeemployedandwhowillbepromoted.(人们通常可以从行为中做出推断，而这些推断的结果直接影响生活:例如，谁将被录用，谁将被提升。)”可知,AmyCuddy认为人们通常从肢体语言判断一个人，身体语言影响他人对我们的印象，并且这些判断结果直接影响生活，所以身体语言对我们来说很重要，因为它影响人们对我们的印象。故选B。6．词义猜测题。根据下文“Instead,youshouldtrytokeepyourbodyrelaxed.Youcanevenstandwitharelativelyauthoritativeposture(姿势）(相反，你应该试着保持你的身体放松。你甚至可以以一个相对权威的姿势站立)”instead表示转折，因此推断上文“Therefore,beforeinterviewsorimportantmeetings,trynottoleanonanyobjectorhaveahunchedback.(因此，在面试或重要会议之前，尽量不要依靠于任何物体或haveahunchedback。)”说明站立时不要依靠任何物体或者haveahunchedback，这里的“ahunchedback”指“一个好看的姿势”，因此推断划线词hunched，指“弓身，弓背”，故选C。7．推理判断题。根据第二段的不“Intherealworkplace,bodylanguageismuchmoreimportantthanyouthink.(在真实的工作场所，肢体语言比你想象的要重要得多。)”和最后一段的“Bodylanguageplaysacrucialroleinyourjobinterviews,careers,andeverydaylife.(肢体语言在你的工作面试、职业生涯和日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。)”可知，文章探讨的是身体语言在职场中的重要性，且部分语句直接以第二人称与读者交流，给出一些建议，因此推断文章的意向读者是职场新人。故选A。Comparedwithsomeotherpartsoftheworld,Canadaisnotacountrywithalotofparticularlyflashytraditions-whichisn'ttosaynoneexist.Ingeneral,it'stheagingprocess,andthevarious"keydates"thatoccurasaCanadianmovesfrombabyhoodtoadulthoodthattendtobethemostcelebratedandritualized(仪式化了的）momentsinmainstreamCanadianculture.Canadiancoupleswillgenerallyannouncetheirpregnancywithgreatpridetofriendsandfamilyassoonasthey'reaware,andit'scommonforgirlfriendsoftheexpectingmothertoorganizeababyshower-asmall,lightheartedhouseparty-tohonourthenewmomsometimebeforeshegivesbirth.Shortlyafterthechildisborn,it'ssimilarlycustomaryforfriendsoftheparentstovisitandgiveatleastonebabygift,usuallyatoyorclothes,toexpresscongratulations.Ifthere'sonethingCanadianslovecelebrating,it'stheanniversary(周年纪念日)oftheirownbirth.Inrecentyears,birthdayshaverisentobecomeoneofthemosttradition-richspectaclesofCanadianculture.Duringchildhood,mostparentswillarrangebirthdaypartiesfortheirchildrenonthespecialday(ortheclosestavailableweekend),afunexcuseforthebirthdayboyorgirltogatherupalltheirschoolyardfriendsandspendtheafternoonhangingout.Intheirteenageyearsandadulthood,theybegintoassumegreatercontrolovertheirownbirthdayplans.CompletingaphaseofschoolinCanadaisalmostalwayscelebratedwithafancygraduationceremony.Intheirfinalyearofhighschool(andsometimesmiddleschoolaswell),studentswillcelebratethecompletionoftheirstudieswithsomesortofpartyorganizedbytheschool,usuallyknownas"gradnight".Theseusuallytaketheformofafancydressgala(庆典，盛会,演出）heldatalocalhotel,completewithadinner,dancingandlotsofawkwardly-posedphotographs.8．WhichisabirthtraditioninCanada?A．Keepingthepregnancyasecrettoothers.B．Holdingababyshowerbytheelders.C．Gatheringfriendsandrelativesforaparty.D．Visitingthenewly-bornwithapresent.9．WhatdoweknowaboutbirthdaycelebrationsinCanada?A．Theyareonlyheldonthatverydayofbirth.B．TheyarepopularamongCanadianfamilies.C．Thepartiesarealwaysplannedbyparents.D．Adultsdon'tcelebratetheirownbirthdays.10．Whatpreparationmightstudentsneedtodofortheirgraduationceremony?A．Theyneedtowearfancyclothes.B．Theyneedtoorganizeaparty.C．Theyneedtocompleteastudy.D．Theyneedtolearnphotography.11．HowdoestheauthororganizethedescriptionofCanadiantraditions?A．Fromgeneralfeaturestospecific.B．Bycomparingtraditionsworldwide.C．Accordingtoregionaldifferences.D．Intheorderofachild'sgrowthprocess.【答案】8．D9．B10．A11．D【分析】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍加拿大庆祝出生、生日和毕业的传统习俗。8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Shortlyafterthechildisborn,it'ssimilarlycustomaryforfriendsoftheparentstovisitandgiveatleastonebabygift,usuallyatoyorclothes,toexpresscongratulations.（在孩子出生不久后，按照传统，父母的朋友会来看望孩子，并带上至少一个礼物来表达祝贺，礼物可以是一个玩具或者一件衣服）”可知，在加拿大，孩子出生后，父母的朋友会带着礼物去祝贺，故选D。9．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Ifthere'sonethingCanadianslovecelebrating,it'stheanniversaryoftheirownbirth.Inrecentyears,birthdayshaverisentobecomeoneofthemosttradition-richspectaclesofCanadianculture（如果有一个加拿大喜欢庆祝的节日，那么一定是他们的生日。近几年，生日的庆祝已经成为加拿大文化最精彩的节日）”可知,庆祝生日是非常受加拿大人欢迎的传统习俗，故选B。10．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Theseusuallytaketheformofafancydressgalaheldatalocalhotel,completewithadinner,dancingandlotsofawkwardly-posedphotographs（他们通常以一场化妆舞会来庆祝毕业，聚餐，跳舞并且摆很多奇怪的姿势拍照）”可知，毕业典礼往往需要穿化妆舞会服,故选A。11．推理判断题。根据第一段“Ingeneral，it'stheagingprocess,andthevarious"keydates"thatoccurasaCanadianmovesfrombabyhoodtoadulthood（总的来说，这是一种成长的过程，各种重要的节日伴随着一个人从婴孩到成年。）”以及全文的组织方式可知，本文是以一个人成长过程的经历来介绍加拿大重大的节日，故选D。WiththecommercialsaleofitsAI-enabledprecisionspraying(喷洒）technologytoalargefarmingoperationinIsrael,GreeneyeTechnologyhasreachedamajormilestoneinitsmissiontosignificantlyreduceherbicide(除草剂）useinagriculture,increasingproductivityandprofitabilityforfarmers.Thisisthefirststageinthecompany'sglobalrollout,whichwillcontinueinearly2022withitslaunchintheUSmarket.Initially,GreeneyeplanstoworkwithcornandsoybeanfarmersintheMidwestandwillincreaseavailabilitytootherstatesin2023.WithindaysofannouncingitsearlyadopterprogramintheUS,thecompanywasoversubscribed,indicatingthegrowinginterestfromfarmersforacommerciallyviableprecisionsprayingsolution.BackedbySyngenta,Greeneyesaysitsprecisionsprayingtechnologyhasbeenproventocutherbicideuseby78%andreduceherbicidecostsbymorethan50%(averagefigures),whilealsoimprovingweedcontrolefficacy(功效,效力）comparedtotraditionalbroadcastspraying.ThisisachievedthroughAltechnologythatcandetectandsprayweedsincropswith95.7%accuracy."Weedsrepresentoneofthegreatestthreatstoglobalcropproduction,"saysNadavBocher,CEOofGrceneyeTechnology.IntheUSalone,theyareestimatedtocostfarmersmorethan$33billionannually.Today,farmersaddressthischallengebysprayingherbicidesacrosstheentirefield.Asaresult,notonlyarefarmersspendingfarmoremoneyonherbicidesthantheyneedto,butmillionsofgallonsofherbicidesarebeingneedlesslysprayedeachyear.Thisiscontributingtothemountingchallengesposedbyherbicide-resistantweedsandworsestill,pollutedsoilandwater."Weareincrediblyproudtoannouncethecommerciallaunchofourprecisionsprayingtechnology,butreducingherbicideuseisjustthebeginning,"Bochersays."Thenextgenerationofourtechnology,whichisalreadyindevelopment,willalsobecapableofpreciselysprayingchemicals.""Atthesametime,ourAlcapabilitiesenableustocollectultra-high-resolutiondatafromtheentirefield,providingvaluableinsightstofarmers.Withthisinformationatourfingertips,Greeneyeispositionedtoguidetheglobalagricultureindustrytowardamoresustainable–andprofitablefuture."12．WhatcanwelearnaboutGreeneye'sAl-enabledprecisionsprayingtechnology?A．Itisslightlybetterthanthetraditionalbroadcastsprayingmethod.B．Farmersaredoubtfulwhetherthetechnologyispreciseanduseful.C．Ithasbeenavailableintheglobalmarkettobringbenefitsforfarmers.D．Itisabreakthroughforthecompanytoreduceherbicideuseinagriculture.13．AccordingtoBocher,whichisNOTaproblemcausedbythetraditionalsprayingmethod?A．Itresultsinanunnecessarywasteofmoneyandherbicides.B．Itposesthreatstotheenvironmentbypollutingsoilandwater.C．Itbringsaboutagrowingnumberofherbicide-resistantweeds.D．Itreducescropproductionandthuscausesthehungerproblem.14．WhatisBocher'sattitudetowardsthenewtechnology?A．Supportive. B．Ambiguous.C．Cautious. D．Disapproving.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．AI-enabledPrecisionSprayingTechnologytoChangetheWorldB．NewAdopterPrograminIsraelOverSubscribedbyEagerFarmersC．GreeneyeLaunchesItsAI-enabledPrecisionSprayingTechnologyD．CEOofGreeneyeTechnologyRevealsDetailsofCompanyProfits【答案】12．D13．D14．A15．C【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了一家公司研发出的新型除草剂喷洒技术。12．推理判断题。根据第一段“GreeneyeTechnologyhasreachedamajormilestoneinitsmissiontosignificantlyreduceherbicide(除草剂）useinagriculture”（GreeneyeTechnology在其显著减少农业中除草剂使用的任务中已经达到了一个重要里程碑）可知，GreeneyeTechnology这种新型喷洒技术将减少农业中除草剂的使用，是一个重要突破。故选D项。13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Asaresult,notonlyarefarmersspendingfarmoremoneyonherbicidesthantheyneedto,butmillionsofgallonsofherbicidesarebeingneedlesslysprayedeachyear.Thisiscontributingtothemountingchallengesposedbyherbicide-resistantweedsandworsestill,pollutedsoilandwater.”（因此，不仅农民在除草剂上的花费远远超过了他们的需要，而且每年有数百万加仑的除草剂被不必要地喷洒。这导致了由抗除草剂杂草造成日益严峻的挑战，更糟糕的是，污染了土壤和水。）可知，这会导致不必要的金钱和除草剂的浪费，污染土壤和水，带来越来越多的抗除草剂杂草，但是并不会减少作物产量导致饥饿问题。故选D项。14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“"Weareincrediblyproudtoannouncethecommerciallaunchofourprecisionsprayingtechnology,butreducingherbicideuseisjustthebeginning,"Bochersays.”（Bocher说：“我们非常自豪地宣布，我们的精准喷洒技术已经商业化，但减少除草剂的使用只是一个开始。”。）以及最后两段内容可知，Bocher对该公司的新技术持有支持态度。故选A项。15．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了Greeneye推出的新型喷洒技术的优势和现状，以及相关人物对其介绍和评价，所以“Greeneye推出人工智能喷洒技术”可以作为文章标题。故选C项。二、七选五Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.16.Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.“Asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun,”sayspreventivecardiologist(心脏病学家)Dr.BethAbramson,aspokespersonfortheHeartandStrokeFoundationofCanada.17Engageinvolunteerwork.Doinggoodforothershelpsyourself-esteem(自尊)andrelievesstress.ResearchpublishedinPsychosomaticMedicinein2016showedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.AccordingtoDr.AryaSharma,founderoftheCanadianObesityNetworkandaprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofAlberta,lonelinessisariskfactorforhearthealth.18.Dependingonthetypeofworkyoudo,volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.Treatdepression.19.Notonlyarewemorelikelytodrinktoomuchalcoholandtoavoidexercise,therearealsoconsiderableeffectsofthisconditiononthebody,suchashigherlevelsofstresshormones(荷尔蒙)andbloodsugar,whichcanbeassociatedwithpoorhearthealth.Eatbreakfast.ArecentstudyintheJournaloftheAmericanCollegeofCardiologyfoundthathealthypeoplewhoskippedbreakfastwerealmostthreetimesmorelikelytohaveheartdiseasesixyearslaterthanthosewhoregularlyateasubstantialmorningmeal.“Onepossiblereason:Ifyou’reeatingaproperbreakfast,you’relesslikelytobehungrylaterandmakepoorfoodchoices,”saysAbramson.“Weneedtoeatabalanceddietaspartofahealthylifestyle.20.”A．Choosewhole-grain,low-fatfoods,andmeanwhile,includefruitB．VolunteeringgetsyououtofthehouseandcreatesasocialnetworkC．Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknownD．Heartdiseasesuchascoronaryarterydisease(CAD)canleadtoheartattackE．HerearesomeofthesurprisingwayssheputsforwardtoboostyourhearthealthF．VolunteeringallowsyoutoconnecttoyourcommunityandmakeitabetterplaceG．Abramsonpointsoutthatthestateoffeelingverysadcanaffectthewaywebehave【答案】16．C17．E18．B19．G20．A【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍三种人们意想不到的促进心脏健康的方法。16．根据下文“Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.(但你可能没有想到其它方法)”中转折连词But可知，设空句与下文有转折关系，C项“Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.(一些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的)”介绍一一些能想到的办法，与下文构成转折关系，符合上下文语意连贯。故选C。17．上文“‘Asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpactinthelongrun,’sayspreventivecardiologist(心脏病学家)Dr.BethAbramson,aspokespersonfortheHeartandStrokeFoundationofCanada.(加拿大心脏病和中风基金会的一位发言人，预防心脏病专家BethAbramson说：“你日常生活中的小变化可能会对你的身体产生很大的影响。”)”中预防心脏病专家BethAbramson表示日常生活的小变化可能会影响身体，E项“Herearesomeofthesurprisingwayssheputsforwardtoboostyourhearthealth.(以下是她提出的一些促进心脏健康的令人惊讶的方法)”与上文构成顺承关系，其中she即指代上文中Dr.BethAbramson。故选E。18．根据段首小标题“Engageinvolunteerwork.(从事志愿工作)”可知，本段建议从事志愿工作，B项“Volunteeringgetsyououtofthehouseandcreatesasocialnetwork(志愿服务让你走出家门，建立一个社交网络)”和下文“Dependingonthetypeofworkyoudo,volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.(根据你所做的工作的类型，志愿活动甚至可能增加你的体育活动)”构成并列关系，都是讲志愿活动的好处，与主题相照应。故选B。19．根据段首小标题“Treatdepression.(治疗抑郁)”可知，本段建议治疗抑郁。G项“Abramsonpointsoutthatthestateoffeelingverysadcanaffectthewaywebehave.(艾布拉姆森指出，感到非常悲伤的状态会影响我们的行为方式)”解释了“Treatdepression”的原因：因为它会影响我们的行为方式，下文“Notonlyarewemorelikelytodrinktoomuchalcoholandtoavoidexercise,therearealsoconsiderableeffectsofthisconditiononthebody.(我们不仅更容易饮酒过量和逃避锻炼，而且这种情况对身体也有相当大的影响)”具体说明抑郁症如何影响我们的行为方式，上下文语意连贯。故选G。20．上文“Weneedtoeatabalanceddietaspartofahealthylifestyle.(作为健康生活方式的一部分，我们需要均衡饮食)”说明我们需要均衡饮食，A项“Choosewhole-grain,low-fatfoods,andmeanwhile,includefruit.(选择全谷物、低脂食物，同时选择水果)”对“ahealthylifestyle”进行举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选A。三、完形填空Ahandwrittenlettera20-year-oldjobseekerpennedtohis"futureemployer"hasreachedmillions.Thenotemakesasimplerequest:"Takea21onme."RyanLowryisautistic(自闭症的)—communicationis22forhim.ButLowryhadhiseyeonhis23pursuits,sohedecidedtopostaletterinwhichheexpressedhiswishto24ajobintheanimation(动画片)industry.Afterseveralroundsofrevisions,hewrotethefinaldraft25onasheetoflinedpaper,and26itontheInternetonFeb.27.Aboutthreeweekslater,theletterhadbeen27morethan7milliontimes.Thousandsofcomments28.Peoplesaidtheyweredrawntothebraveryoftheauthorandtheclarityofhis29:"DearFutureEmployer:Ihaveautism,butamgoodwithtechnologyandareallyquick30.Iaminterestedinajobinanimation.I31thatyouwillhavetotakeachanceonme,butIpromiseifyou32andteachme,you'llbe33youdid."RyanLowryhasstartedone-on-onesessionswithalocalanimatoratanon-profitorganizationnamedAPlaceToBe.Withthesupportoftheorganization,hewroteasongtoshowhis34fortheoutpouringoflove:Thankyouforreading,soIcankeepdreaming.Thankyoufor35meforwhoIam.21．A．chance B．comment C．photo D．sample22．A．boring B．interesting C．challenging D．amazing23．A．academic B．professional C．artistic D．political24．A．land B．quit C．offer D．lose25．A．quickly B．randomly C．happily D．neatly26．A．prepared B．reported C．shared D．searched27．A．opened B．viewed C．received D．rejected28．A．joinedin B．pouredin C．pulledin D．tunedin29．A．message B．thought C．vision D．sound30．A．author B．teacher C．learner D．painter31．A．believe B．wonder C．assume D．realize32．A．fire B．reach C．hire D．ignore33．A．angry B．glad C．regretful D．painful34．A．appreciation B．determination C．expectation D．admiration35．A．keeping B．saving C．helping D．seeing【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．A25．D26．C27．B28．B29．A30．C31．D32．C33．B34．A35．D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了20岁的自闭症患者RyanLowry勇敢地在社交网站上发布求职信，感受到社会温暖的故事。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：信中提出了一个简单的要求：“给我一个机会吧。”A.chance风险；B.comment评论；C.photo照片；D.sample样本。根据第五段中“I11thatyouwillhavetotakeachanceonme,butIpromiseifyou12andteachme,you'llbe13youdid.”可知，“takeachanceonme”为复现短语，此题为原词复现。故选A项。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：RyanLowry患有自闭症——沟通对他来说是个挑战。A.baring无聊的；B.interesting有趣的；C.challenging有挑战性的；D.amazing令人惊叹的。根据前文信息可知，RyanLowry患有自闭症，借助因果关系可知，交流对他来说是“有挑战性的、困难的”。故选C项。23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但RyanLowry关注他的职业追求，所以他决定寄信，在信中他表达了想要在动画行业谋得一份工作。A.academic学术上的、学业上的；B.professional职业上的：C.artistic艺术的；D.political政治的。由“sohedecidedtopostaletterinwhichheexpressedhiswishto4ajobintheanimation(动画片)industry.”可知，他想找一份工作，所以有“职业上的”追求。故选B项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：RyanLowry关注他的职业追求，所以他决定寄信，在信中他表达了想要在动画行业谋得一份工作。A.land成功得到（工作）；B.quit离开（工作职位）；C.offer提供；D.lose失去。固定短语搭配“landajob”，意为“谋得一份工作”，故选A项。25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：几轮修改之后，他将最终稿整齐地写在一张横格纸上，并于2月27日在网上分享。A.quickly快速地；B.randomly任意地；C.happily开心地；D.neatly整洁地。根据前半句“Afterseveralroundsofrevisions,…”可知，RyanLowry非常重视这封求职信，不但内容上多次修改，对字体也很重视，“整洁地”誊抄求职信。故选D项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：轮修改之后，他将最终稿整齐地写在一张横格纸上，并于2月27日在网上分享。A.prepared准备；B.reported报告；C.shared分享；D.searched搜索，查找。根据第一段第一句“Ahandwrittenlettera20-year-oldjobseekerpennedtohis"futureemployer"hasreachedmillions.”以及本句句意可知，他把这份写给“未来雇主”的求职信放在社交平台上“分享”，故选C项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：短短三周，这封信被浏览了700多万次。A.opened打开；B.viewed查看，浏览；C.received收到；D.rejected排斥，拒收。有下文“Thousandsofcomments8.”可知，这封求职信后有几千条评论，说明求职信被“查看、浏览”了。故选B项。28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：成千上万的评论纷至沓来。A.joinedin参加；B.pouredin蜂拥而入；C.pulledin(火车)到站；D.tunedin收听。根据上一句的数字“morethan7milliontimes”以及此句中“Thousandsofcomments”，以及下一句“Peoplesaidtheyweredrawntothebraveryoftheauthorandtheclarityofhis9:”可知，这封求职信得到了广泛关注，因此评论“蜂拥而来”。故选B项。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们说，他们被作者的勇敢和清晰的信息所吸引。A.message信息；B.thought思想；C.vision视野；D.sound声音。根据句中的theclarity(思路清晰)，以及下文展示的信件内容，可知设空处应该填一个概括词，用于概括信件内容，即求职信传递的“信息”很清楚。故选A项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有自闭症，但对科技很在行，而且学东西很快。A.author作者；B.teacher教师；C.learner学习者；D.painter画家。根据后文求职信的内容“I11thatyouwillhavetotakeachanceonme,butIpromiseifyou12andteachme,you'llbe13youdid.”可知，他希望有人教他，此处是告诉他的futureemployer：他是一个“学习能力很强的人(quicklearner)”。故选C项。.31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我明白你得给我一个机会，但我保证如果你雇佣我、教我，你会很高兴你这么做了。A.believe相信，认为；B.wonder想知道，想弄明白；C.assume假设；D.realize明白，意识到。根据but可知，前后形成转折关系，“我明白：你将雇用我（这样一个自闭症患者），对你来说，这将是一件有挑战的事情，但我保证……”，因此，此题应选择一个表示“知道、明白”之意的词。故选D项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道你得给我一个机会，但我保证如果你雇佣我，教我，你会很高兴你这么做了。A.fire解雇；B.reach到达；C.hire雇用；D.ignore忽视。根据这一段的第一句“DearFutureEmployer:”可知，此处的you是未来的雇主。“youwillhavetotakeachanceonme”说明，雇主将雇佣了他，所以，RyanLowry保证：如果雇主雇佣他，雇主将会为自己的决定而高兴。故选C项。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道你得给我一个机会，但我保证如果你雇佣我，教我，你会很高兴你这么做了。A.angry生气的；B.glad开心的；C.regretful后悔的；D.painful痛苦的。根据句意可知，雇用我这样一个自闭症患者，对雇主来说，这将是一件有挑战的事情，但前文“Ihaveautism,butamgoodwithtechnologyandareally10.”，所以RyanLowry认为雇主选择雇佣他，对雇主有利，雇主应该为此高兴。故选B项。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在该组织的支持下，他写了一首歌来感激那些对他流露出的爱的网友们：感谢你们的阅读，让我可以继续梦想。谢谢你们陪伴现在的我。A.appreciation感激；B.determination决心；C.expectation期待；D.admiration钦佩，赞赏。由上文“RyanLowryhasstartedone-on-onesessionswithalocalanimatoratanon-profitorganizationnamedAPlaceToBe.”可知，RyanLowry在一个名为“未来之地”的非营利组织开始了与当地动画师一对一的交流。从本句，也可得知，他得到了APlaceToBe这个组织的支持，Ryan收到了很多来自社会上的善意对待，所以，写歌表达“感激”。故选A项。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：感谢你们的阅读，让我可以继续梦想。谢谢你们陪伴现在的我。A.keeping保持；B.saving拯救；C.helping帮助；D.seeing陪伴。根据上文信息，Ryan写了一首歌曲表达自己的感激之情，本题是两句歌词中的其中一句。“see”可以解释为“陪伴”。RyanLowry感谢那些关注他的网友，支持他的所有的人，没有因为他患有自闭症而远离他。故选D项。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AfatefulconversationinspiredthecreationoftheFirstAidKit,whichwasreleasedin1888.AboardatrainheadingtoColoradoforvacation,company36(found)RobertWoodJohnsonstruckupaconversation37adoctor.Thedoctorexplainedtohimthe38(danger)ofrailroadconstructionandthelackofmedicalsupplies39(treat)theuniqueindustrialinjuries.Fromthisexchange,Johnsonsaw40opportunitytobothadvancethefieldofhealthcareandbuild41(he)youngbusiness.AndthecommercialFirstAidKitwasborn.However,Kilmerknewthatthekits,themselves,werenotenough.Theyneededtoincludeexplanationandtraining.Sinceitsfounding,thecompanyhadprideditselfon42(educate)thepublicandspreadingmethodsofwoundcare.In1901,thenation’sfirst43