四川省成都市温江中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

2/2四川省成都市温江中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解WhenArmstrongsetfootonthemoonin1969,childrensawstarsintheireyesanddreamedofanever-before-imaginedcareer:astronaut.Becominganastronautisadifficulttask.Theymusthaveamaster’sdegreeandatleasttwoyearsofrelevantprofessionalexperience.Alternatively,theymustcompleteatleast1,000hoursunderthepilot’scommandinajetplane.Thetrickypartbeginsnow.Astronautsmustpassalong-termflightphysicalexam.Youareunluckyifyouareshorterthan5feet2inchesortallerthan6feet3inches.Candidatesmusthave20/20vision,eveniftheywearcorrectivelenses.Evenwhilesitting,yourbloodpressureshouldnotexceed140/90.Additionally,makesurethatyourresumeisconciseanderror-free.Astronautsmustpayattentiontominordetails,whichisanecessaryskillforscientists.Itisnotaneasyroadtobecomeanastronaut.Forexample,in2021,despitethefactthat18,300peopleapplied,only12wereacceptedbyNASA,representinga1‰acceptancerate.Whetheryourapplicationisacceptedornot,itwillbesometimebeforeyouleaveEarth.First,you’retofinishatwo-yearmilitarytrainingcourse.Physicaltestsarealsorequired.Theymustfirstobtainascubadivinglicenseandthenswimthreelapsinapoolwhilewearingaflightsuit.Finally,studentsshouldpracticedrivingthetypicalhighandlowatmosphericpressuresinsimulations(模拟).Astronautsmustcompletetwoyearsofcompulsorymilitarytraininginadditiontosixyearsofeducationandtwoyearsofprofessionalexperience.Thisalladdsuptodecadesofplanning.Afterthat,astronautsmustcompleteextensivemissiontrainingbeforeleavingEarth.Becominganastronautischallenging,butifyouhaveapassionforspaceexploration,don’tletchallengesholdyouback.1．Accordingtopara.2,whoismostqualifiedtoapplyforastronauts?A．Abachelorwhopassednormalphysicalexams.B．Amasterwithperfectresumeandlowbloodpressure.C．Apilot6feetinheightwith1100-hours’flightexperience.D．Adoctorwithone-yearrelevantexperienceand20/20vision.2．Whydoestheauthorusestatisticsinparagraph3?A．ToexplainittakessometimetoleaveEarth.B．Toimplypeople’spassionforspaceexploration.C．Toshowthedifficultytobeacceptedasanastronaut.D．Topersuadepeopletogiveupthedreamofastronaut.3．What’stherightorderofastronauts’trainingbeforeleavingEarth?①Scubadivingandswimmingtraining②Extremeatmosphericpressuresdrivingtraining③Extensivemissiontraining④Atwo-yearmilitarytrainingA．④①③② B．①④②③ C．①②④③ D．④①②③4．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ThePursuitofSpaceDream. B．HowtoBecomeanAstronaut?C．TheHardshipofSpaceExploration. D．WhataretheTasksofAstronauts?【答案】1．C2．C3．D4．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍如何成为宇航员。1．细节理解题。结合第二段第三句“Alternatively,theymustcompleteatleast1,000hoursunderthepilot’scommandinajetplane.”（或者，他们必须在飞行员的指挥下驾驶喷气式飞机时长达到至少1000个小时。）和该段的第五句“Youareunluckyifyouareshorterthan5feet2inchesortallerthan6feet3inches.”（如果你的身高不足5英尺2英寸（约合158厘米）或是高于6英尺3英寸（约合191厘米），那么你就不太幸运了。），C项的飞行员身高“6feet”符合选拔宇航员的身高范围（5feet2inches-6feet3inches）之内，飞行时长“1100hours”达到1000小时以上，也符合。故选C项。2．推理判断题。根据第三段列数据的第二句“Forexample,in2021,despitethefactthat18,300peopleapplied,only12wereacceptedbyNASA,representinga1‰acceptancerate.”（比如，2021年有18300人申请成为宇航员，但是只有12人进入美国航空航天局，入选比例为千分之一。）可知，进入航天局的比例十分低，由此可知第三段使用这些数据是为了说明该段首句的观点“Itisnotaneasyroadtobecomeanastronaut.”（成为宇航员不是一条好走的路。），即想要成为宇航员很难。故选C项。3．细节理解题。第四、五段阐述了宇航员进入太空前的各项训练。由第四段的第一句“First,you’retofinishatwo-yearmilitarytrainingcourse.”（首先，你要完成两年军事训练课程。）可知，第一项训练是“④Atwo-yearmilitarytraining”；由第四段的第三句“Theymustfirstobtainascubadivinglicenseandthenswimthreelapsinapoolwhilewearingaflightsuit.”（他们必须首先获得水肺潜水许可证，然后穿着飞行服在游泳池里游三圈。）可知，第二项是“①Scubadivingandswimmingtraining”；由第四段的第四句“Finally,studentsshouldpracticedrivingthetypicalhighandlowatmosphericpressuresinsimulations(模拟).”（最后，学员需要模拟练习在典型的高气压和低气压下驾驶。）可知，第三项是“②Extremeatmosphericpressuresdrivingtraining”；由第五段的最后一句“Afterthat,astronautsmustcompleteextensivemissiontrainingbeforeleavingEarth.”（之后，宇航员在进入太空前必须完成大量任务训练。）可知，最后一项是“③Extensivemissiontraining”。故选D项。4．主旨大意题。本文从成为宇航员的申请条件、难度系数、专项训练多角度阐述了如何成为一名宇航员。所以B项“HowtoBecomeanAstronaut?”（如何成为宇航员？）最适合作为本文标题。故选B项。UniqueandWeirdNewYear'sEveTraditionsGermanyInsomepartsofGermany,theydobleigiessen,orlead(铅）pouring.Pouradollop(团）ofmoltenleadintocoldwaterandtheshapeitformaybetellingyouabouttheyeartocome,naturtshape,naturally,meanlovewillcomeyourway.Acrownpredictswealthandfortune.Astaindicateshappiness.Butifyouseeacross,you'reasgoodasdead!LatinAmericaIfyou'reinLatinAmerica,makesureyouhavesomecolorfulunderpantstoringintheNewYear.End-of-the-yearpartiersputoncolorfulunderweartoensurecertaintypesofoutcomesofthefollowingyear,redforloveandyellowforsuccess.Naples,ItalyNeapolitanslikethrowingthingsoutofthewindows,atleastonNewYear'sEve.Furniture,kitchenmachines,grandma.Well,maybenotthelasone.Let'shopenot,anyway.Thistraditionismeanttosymbolizearout-with-the-oldgestureandgetanewbeginningofthenewyear.Thesedaypeopleareabitmoremindfulofwhattheytossintothestreetbelow.SpainIn1909,winegrowersintheAlicanteregionofSpainhadabrilliantidea:Startandpromoteanannualtraditionthatwouldinvolvepeopleinhavingtobuyandeatmoregrapes.Everyonemusteat12grapesonNewYear'sEvetoprayforprosperityofthecomingyear.Now,it'sapopularcustominSpain.Buttheproblemisthatpeoplehavetoeatagrapeforeachbellstrikingatmidnight.5．Whatdoesacrossshapeofmoltenleadmean?A．Love. B．Wealth.C．Happiness. D．Misfortune.6．WhatcanweknowaboutNeapolitans'tradition?A．Theyhateusingfurniture.B．Theythrowtheirgrandmaoutofthewindows.C．Theyaremorecarefulaboutwhattothrow.D．Theylikemakinggesturesinfrontofthewindows.7．Whichregionhasthetraditionofeatinggrapes?A．Germany. B．LatinAmerica.C．Italy. D．Spain.【答案】5．D6．C7．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些国家独特而怪异的除夕传统。5．细节理解题。根据Germany部分中的最后一句“Butifyouseeacross,you'reasgoodasdead!”(但是如果你看到一个十字的形状，你处境会非常糟糕！)可知，熔化的铅的十字形状意味着倒霉。故选D项。6．细节理解题。根据Naples,Italy部分中的“Thesedayspeopleareabitmoremindfulofwhattheytossintothestreetbelow.”（如今，人们对他们扔到下面街道上的东西更加留意了。）可知人们对扔到街上的东西更加留意了。故选C项。7．细节理解题。根据Spain部分中的“In1909,winegrowersintheAlicanteregionofSpainhadabrilliantidea:Startandpromoteanannualtraditionthatwouldinvolvepeopleinhavingtobuyandeatmoregrapes.”（1909年，西班牙阿利坎特地区的葡萄酒种植者有了一个绝妙的想法：开始并推广一项年度传统，让人们不得不购买和食用更多的葡萄。）可知吃葡萄是西班牙的传统。故选D项。Ifyou’veeverfeltarushofintenseemotion,thenyou’veprobablyalsoexperiencedthecrashthatcomeswhenthoseemotionsgraduallybecomelessstrong.Althoughweusuallythinkofexhaustion(精疲力竭)inphysicalterms,itcanalsobemental.Oneofthecontributorstomentalexhaustionishigh-intensityemotions.Toomanyofthesehigh-intensityemotions,whethertheyarepositiveornegative,canleadtoburnout.Psychologistsdivideemotionsintotwodimensions,whichincludeshighandlowintensity,aswellaspositiveandnegative.High-intensitypositiveemotionsincludeexcitementorelation,whilelow-intensitypositiveemotionsincludecalmness,orcontentment.Whenitcomestonegativeemotions,high-intensityemotionsincludeanger,anxiety,andfear,whilelow-intensityemotionsincludesadness,boredom,andtiredness.It’seasytoseehowhigh-intensitynegativeemotionslikeangercanbeexhausting.Whatwedon’tthinkaboutasmuchisthefactthathighintensitypositiveemotionsarealsoexhausting,althoughinawaythatfeelsverydifferent.Excitement,evenwhenitisfun,involveswhatpsychologistscall“physiologicalarousal”--activationofoursympatheticsystem.High-intensitypositiveemotionsinvolvethesamephysiologicalarousalashigh-intensitynegativeemotions.Ourheartrateincreases,andoursweatglands(腺)activate.Becauseitactivatesthebody’sstressresponse,excitementcandepleteoursystemwhensustainedoverlongerperiods.Inotherwords,highintensity--whetherit’sfromnegativestatesorpositivestates-exhauststhebody.About15-20%ofpeoplearethoughttobehighlysensitive.Astheycyclethroughthehighsandlowsoflife,theincreasedamountofintensityleavesthemmoreexhaustedthanothers.Thisisn’ttosaythatweshouldneverfeelintenseemotions.Emotionalvarietyisanessentialaspectoflife,onethataddsadepthandrichnessthatweneed.However,whatweneedtobemindfulofisbalance.Therewillbetheexcitingdays,aswellasthedayswhenstressandanxietyarewhatpushyouthroughthetoughtimes,butthereareother,lower-intensityemotionsthatwillserveuswellinmanyothersituations.8．What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?A．Thefunctionsofemotions.B．Thedefinitionofemotions.C．Thecategoriesofemotions.D．Theexpressionofemotions.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deplete”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Setoff. B．Buildup. C．Standfor. D．Burnout.10．Howcanwemanagethestressofhigh-intensityemotions?A．Enrichourdailylives.B．Avoidintenseemotions.C．Createemotionalbalance.D．Detectthecauseofanxiety.11．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhypsychologistsaremoreexhaustedB．Howhigh-intensityemotionswearusoutC．Whyhigh-intensitynegativeemotionsaretiringD．Howpsychologistsexplaintheeffectsofemotions【答案】8．C9．D10．C11．B【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述高强度情绪，无论是积极的还是消极的，都会使人精疲力竭。8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Psychologistsdivideemotionsintotwodimensions,whichincludeshighandlowintensity,aswellaspositiveandnegative.”(心理学家把情绪分为两个维度，包括高强度和低强度，以及积极和消极。)可知，这一段主要讲述情绪的分类。故选C。9．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Becauseitactivatesthebody’sstressresponse,excitementcandepleteoursystemwhensustainedoverlongerperiods.”(因为它激活了身体的应激反应，长时间持续的兴奋会deplete我们的系统。)可知，deplete是动词，它是长时间持续的兴奋给我们的系统导致的后果。根据下文“Inotherwords,highintensity--whetherit’sfromnegativestatesorpositivestates-exhauststhebody.”(换句话说，高强度的情绪，无论是来自消极还是积极的状态，都会让身体疲惫不堪。)可知，高强度的情绪导致的结果是会让身体疲惫不堪。所以deplete应该是“使疲惫不堪”的意思，和D选项意思一致。故选D。10．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thisisn’ttosaythatweshouldneverfeelintenseemotions.Emotionalvarietyisanessentialaspectoflife,onethataddsadepthandrichnessthatweneed.However,whatweneedtobemindfulofisbalance.”(这并不是说我们不应该有强烈的情感。情绪多样性是生活中必不可少的一个方面，它增加了我们所需要的深度和丰富性。但是，我们需要注意的是平衡。)可知，我们可以通过创造情感平衡来解决高强度情感压力。故选C。11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Toomanyofthesehigh-intensityemotions,whethertheyarepositiveornegative,canleadtoburnout.”(过多的这种高强度情绪，无论是积极的还是消极的，都会导致精疲力竭。)可知，这篇文章主要讲述高强度情绪，无论是积极的还是消极的，都会导致人们精疲力竭。所以短文的最佳标题为“高度紧张的情绪会让我们疲惫不堪”故选B。DeputyAgricultureSecretaryKathleenMerriganseesanepidemic(流行病)sweepingacrossAmerica’sfarmland.Ithaslittletodowiththeusualchallenges,suchasflood,risingfuelpricesandcrop-eatinginsects.Thecountry’sfarmersaregettingolder,andtherearefewerpeoplestandinginlinetotaketheirplace.Nationalagriculturalcensus(普查)figuresshowthatthefastest-growinggroupoffarmersisthepartover65.Merriganisafraidtheaverageagewillbeevenhigherwhenthe2012statisticsarecompleted.Merrigan,aformercollegeprofessor,ismakingstopsatuniversitiesacrossthecountryinhopesofencouragingmorestudentstothinkaboutcareersinagriculture.AsidefromtryingtostopthegrayingofAmerica’sfarmers,herworkismadetougherbyarecentblogpostingthatputagricultureatNo.1onalistof“useless”collegedegrees.Topfederalagricultureofficialsaretalkingabouttheposting,andithastheattentionofagriculturalorganizationsacrossthecountry.“Therecouldn’tbeanythingthat’smoreincorrect,”Merrigansaid.“Weknowthattherearen’tenoughqualifiedgraduatestofillthejobsthatareoutthereinAmericanagriculture.”Inaddition,agrowingworldpopulationthatsomeexpertspredictwillrequire70%morefoodproductionby2050,shesaid.“Itrulybelievewe’reatagoldenageofagriculture.Globaldemandisatanall-timerecordhigh,andglobalsuppliesareatall-timerecordlows,”saidMattRush,directoroftheTexasFarmBureau.“Productioncostsaregoingtobevaluableenoughthatyoungerpeoplearegoingtohavetheopportunitytobeinvolvedinagriculture.”TheDepartmentofAgriculturehasprogramsaimedatdevelopingmorefarmersandatincreasinginterestinlocallygrownfood.TheNationalYoungFarmers’Coalitionhasalsobeenpushingforstateandfederalpolicychangestomakeiteasierfornewfarmers.RyanBest,presidentofFutureFarmersofAmerica,hasbeenlivingoutofasuitcase,travelingthecountryandvisitingwithhighschoolstudentsaboutcareersinagriculture.The21-year-oldBesthopeshismessage—thatthisisanewtimeinagriculture—willmotivatethenextgenerationtoturnaroundthestatistics.“Neverbeforehavewehadtheinnovations(创新)intechnologywhichhaveledtoagricultureinthiscountrybeingthemostefficientithaseverbeen,”hesaid.“There’sreallyaplaceforeverybodytofitin.”12．WhatisthenewchallengetoAmericanagriculture?A．Fewerandolderfarmers. B．Higherfuelprices.C．Morenaturaldisasters. D．Loweragriculturaloutput.13．WhyisMerriganvisitinguniversitiesacrossthecountry?A．Todrawfederalagricultureofficials’attention.B．Toselectqualifiedagriculturegraduates.C．Toclarifyarecentblogposting.D．Totalkmorestudentsintofarmingcareers.14．AccordingtoMattRush,Americanagriculturewillprovideopportunitiesforyoungerpeoplebecause__________..A．thegovernmentwillcoverproductioncostsB．globalfoodsupplieswillbeevenlowerC．investmentinagriculturewillbeprofitableD．Americawillincreaseitsfoodexport15．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“toturnaroundthestatistics”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Tore-analyzetheresultofthenationalcensus.B．Toincreaseagriculturalproduction.C．Tobringdowntheaverageageoffarmers.D．Toinvestmoreinagriculture.【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国在农业方面从业人员不多，年龄偏大的问题，同时还缺少专业大学生从事农业生产，该怎么解决这个问题。12．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Thecountry’sfarmersaregettingolder,andtherearefewerpeoplestandinginlinetotaketheirplace.”（这个国家的农民年龄越来越大，排队代替他们的人也越来越少。）可知，美国农业正面临的新挑战是农民越来越少并逐渐年迈。故选A项。13．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Merrigan,aformercollegeprofessor,ismakingstopsatuniversitiesacrossthecountryinhopesofencouragingmorestudentstothinkaboutcareersinagriculture.”（梅里根曾是一名大学教授，他正在全国各地的大学停留，希望鼓励更多学生考虑从事农业工作。）可知，Merrigan访问大学是想说服更多的学生考虑从事农业方面的工作。故选D项。14．推理判断题。根据第五段第一句““Itrulybelievewe’reatagoldenageofagriculture.Globaldemandisatanall-timerecordhigh,andglobalsuppliesareatall-timerecordlows,”saidMattRush,directoroftheTexasFarmBureau.”（德克萨斯州农业局局长麦特·拉什说：“我真的相信我们正处在农业的黄金时代。全球需求创历史新高，全球供应创历史新低。”。）可知，全球对农业需求达到了最高，而全球供应达到了最低。所以可推断出农业生产成本使生产有足够的利益，年轻人有机会从事农业工作，与C项的意思“投资农业会有钱可赚。”一致。故选C项。15．词句猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“The21-year-oldBesthopeshismessage—thatthisisanewtimeinagriculture—willmotivatethenextgenerationtoturnaroundthestatistics.”（这位21岁的年轻人最希望他的信息是，这是农业的新时代，这将激励下一代扭转统计数据。）可知，农业的新机会将会激励下一代来参与，从而改变以上的数据，即农民的平均年龄将会年轻化，所以划线短语意为“减少农民的平均年龄”。故选C项。二、七选五Goodsportsmanshipisoneofthemostimportantlessonsthatyourkidscanlearnfromcompetition.Buthowdoyouteachyourkidsgoodsportsmanship?Herearesometips.Setagoodexample.Thefirstrolemodelthatyourkidswillhaveingamesisyou.Whatbehavioryoumodelwillhavethebiggestinfluenceonyourkids.16Bydoingso,yourkidswilllearnfromyouunconsciouslyandgainmorepopularity.17Thecoachisalwayslookingforthebestdecisionforthegoodofthewholeteam.18Yourkidsmayfeelupsetatfirst.Butshowinggoodsportsmanshipmeansplacingtheteam'sneedsabovetheirown,soyoushouldteachyourkidstotrustthecoach’sjudgement.Rememberyouaretheparent,notthecoach.Yourjobasaparentisdifferentfromajobasacoach.Asaparent,youaretheretoguideallofyourkids'experiencesandnotfocusondemandingperformance.However,ifyouseeacoachdemandingtoomuch,speakup.19Maintainagoodattitudetobothwinningandlosing.Goodsportsmanshipalsorequiresapositiveattitudetoboththevictoryandthedefeat.Pushingyourkidstoohardmaydrivethemtoquit.20It'salsoagoodideatofindpositiveplaystotalkaboutanddiscusslessonstobelearnedafter.A．Teachyourkidstoputteamsfirst.B．Tellyourkidstolistentothecoach.C．However,findingagoodrolemodelisnotaneasyjob.D．Afterall,youarealsoanadvocateforyourkidsifneeded.E．Thismeanstheroleofyourkidsmaybereducedorchanged.F．Youneedtobenicetoallpeopleonthecourt,eventheopponents.G．Instead,whatevertheresultsare,alwaystellthemyouareproudofthem.【答案】16．F17．B18．E19．D20．G【导语】这是一篇说明文。良好的体育精神是你的孩子可以从竞争中学到的最重要的课程之一。文章主要就如何教会你的孩子拥有良好的体育精神提出了一些建议。

16．根据上文“Setagoodexample.Thefirstrolemodelthatyourkidswillhaveingamesisyou.Whatbehavioryoumodelwillhavethebiggestinfluenceonyourkids.(树立一个好榜样。你的孩子在游戏中的第一个榜样就是你自己。你所模仿的行为将对你的孩子产生最大的影响)”以及后文“Bydoingso,yourkidswilllearnfromyouunconsciouslyandgainmorepopularity.(通过这样做，你的孩子会在不知不觉中向你学习，并获得更多的人气)”可知，上文提到了榜样作用对孩子的影响，推测本句是在说明具体怎么做：对球场上的所有人友善，甚至是对手，与后文获得人气相呼应。F选项“你需要对球场上的所有人友善，甚至是对手”符合语境，故选F。17．根据后文“Thecoachisalwayslookingforthebestdecisionforthegoodofthewholeteam.(教练总是在寻找对全队有利的最佳决策)”可知，后文提到了教练的作用，可见要听教练的话，B选项中coach对应后文中coach。B选项“告诉你的孩子听教练的话”符合语境，故选B。18．根据上文“Thecoachisalwayslookingforthebestdecisionforthegoodofthewholeteam.(教练总是在寻找对全队有利的最佳决策)”以及后文“Yourkidsmayfeelupsetatfirst.(你的孩子一开始可能会感到不安)”可知，后文提到了孩子一开始感到不安，可见本句是在说明教练采取了对孩子不利的决策，E选项“这意味着你的孩子的角色可能会减少或改变”符合语境，故选E。19．根据上文“Rememberyouaretheparent,notthecoach.Yourjobasaparentisdifferentfromajobasacoach.Asaparent,youaretheretoguideallofyourkids'experiencesandnotfocusondemandingperformance.However,ifyouseeacoachdemandingtoomuch,speakup.(记住，你是家长，而不是教练。你作为父母的工作与作为教练的工作是不同的。作为一名家长，你要引导孩子的所有经历，而不是关注苛刻的表现。然而，如果你看到教练要求太多，那就大声说出来)”可知，上文提到如果看到教练有太多要求，要大声说出来，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明原因：你也是你孩子的支持者。D选项“毕竟，如果需要的话，你也是你孩子的支持者”符合语境，故选D。20．根据上文“Maintainagoodattitudetobothwinningandlosing.Goodsportsmanshipalsorequiresapositiveattitudetoboththevictoryandthedefeat.Pushingyourkidstoohardmaydrivethemtoquit.(无论输赢，都要保持良好的心态。良好的体育精神也需要对胜利和失败都有积极的态度。把你的孩子逼得太紧可能会让他们放弃)”可知，上文强调了良好的体育精神也需要对胜利和失败都有积极的态度，把你的孩子逼得太紧可能会让他们放弃，本句与上文构成转折，指出不能太过强调输赢的结果，重在支持孩子，G选项“相反，无论结果如何，总是告诉他们你为他们感到骄傲”符合语境，故选G。三、完形填空Oneafternoon,IwaswalkingwithEvanonthesecondfloor.ItalkedonandonandEvanwalked21infrontofme.Asweturnedacorner,Evan22meandsaidthetenwords.“Whyareyoutalkingtome?I’mnotyourfriend.”Thoseweretheexactwordshesaidtomethatday.Istoodthere23.Hekeptwalkingandneverlookedback.I24tomynextclasswithtearscomingupinmyeyes.We25spoketoeachotherafterthat.I26intoashell,likeaturtle,tohidefromtheworld.Fortherestofmytimeinmiddleschool,Ididn’t27myselftogetclosetoanyone.Ipushawaymostofmyfriends28beinghurtagain.Iavoidedunnecessary29.Itwasn’tuntilhighschoolthatIwasableto30myheadoutofmyshellandbegin31peopleagain.Buteventoday,Iamstill32inchoosingwhoIopenupto.Ittakesmeaverylongtimetowarmupto33.Iwastwelvethen.IwastootrustingandItookwhatEvansaid34.Maybehewashavingabadday35maybeIwastalkingtoomuch.Inmyview,whathesaidtomethatday36thecourseofmylife.butifweren’tforthat37,Iwouldn’thavemetmybestfriendsinhighschool.Iunderstandthat,inmiddleschool,wewereallyoung.I’vebeenableto38allthepeoplewhobulliedme,butforsome39Ican’tseemtoforgiveEvan.Thosewordsthatdayhurtmemorethananything.IbelievethatonedayI’llbe40enoughtoforgiveEvantoo.ButrightnowI’mstillthattwelve-year-oldrunningdownthehallwithtearsfilledwithhiseyes.21．A．silently B．carefully C．suddenly D．happily22．A．arguedwith B．shoutedat C．turnedto D．remindedof23．A．astonished B．disappointed C．frightened D．amused24．A．cameback B．gavein C．madefaces D．ranoff25．A．frequently B．willingly C．attentively D．rarely26．A．looked B．turned C．escaped D．lived27．A．wish B．allow C．expect D．force28．A．forfearof B．becauseof C．inneedof D．insteadof29．A．outings B．conversations C．lessons D．friends30．A．remain B．stick C．keep D．hide31．A．suspecting B．refusing C．admiring D．trusting32．A．cautious B．alone C．careless D．simple-minded33．A．anything B．everyone C．nothing D．someone34．A．seriously B．wrongly C．personally D．easily35．A．and B．or C．but D．so36．A．changed B．helped C．developed D．achieved37．A．accident B．argument C．incident D．fight38．A．forget B．remember C．apologize D．forgive39．A．trouble B．reason C．idea D．view40．A．warm-hearted B．clever C．mature D．determined【答案】21．A22．C23．A24．D25．D26．C27．B28．A29．B30．B31．D32．A33．D34．A35．B36．A37．C38．D39．B40．C【分析】本文作者陈述了自己被朋友的言语伤害，以至于性格改变的事情。虽然随着年龄的成长，他逐渐走出阴影，但是这件事情深深的伤害了他。通过这件事，作者告诉我们要注意自己的言语，不要说出可能伤害人的话。21．考查副词词义辨析。A.silently不吭身，沉默地，无声地；B.carefully仔细地；C.suddenly突然；D.happily快乐地。联系下文他对我说的“Whyareyoutalkingtome?I’mnotyourfriend.”可知我在不停地说话时，他不吭声走在我前面。故选A。22．考查动词短语辨析。A.arguedwith与……辩论，争论；B.shoutedat对……吼叫；C.turnedto求助于，转向；D.remindedof想起。联系上文Evan走在我前面，可知当我们转弯时，他转向我，对我说了下面的话。根据语境可知选C。23．考查形容词词义辨析。A.astonished感到惊讶的；B.disappointed失望的；C.frightened害怕的；D.amused愉快的，被逗笑的。根据Evan对我说的话“Whyareyoutalkingtome?I’mnotyourfriend.”可判断我听到他说的这些话感到很惊讶。故选A。24．考查动词短语辨析。A.cameback回来；B.gavein屈服；C.madefaces做鬼脸；D.ranoff跑掉，逃掉，流失，偷走，减轻体重。Evan的话让我感动惊讶，他一直向前走没有回头。结合下文我的眼里流着眼泪，可推断，我跑这离开去上下节课。根据语境可知，故选D。25．考查副词词义辨析。A.frequently频繁地，经常地；B.willingly乐意地；C.attentively聚精会神地，周到地；D.rarely罕见地，珍奇地。根据上文发生的事以及下句“我把自己藏到壳里”，可知自那之后，我们很少说话。故选D。26．考查动词词义辨析。A.looked看；B.turned转身；C.escaped逃脱；D.lived住。联系下文hidefromtheworld，可知我像一只海龟一样，逃到一个壳里藏起来了。故选C。27．考查名词词义辨析。A.wish希望；B.allow允许；C.expect期望；D.force强迫。我把自己藏起来，不愿意与人说话，可知在中学的剩余时间里，我不允许自己接近任何人。根据句意可知，选B。28．考查短语辨析以。A.forfearof因为害怕；B.becauseof由于；C.inneedof需要；D.insteadof代替，而不是。Evan的话让我受伤，可知我推开大部分的朋友因为害怕被再次伤害。故选A。29．考查名词词义辨析。A.outings远足，郊游，短途旅行；B.conversations对话；C.lessons教训，启示，课；D.friends朋友。联系上文我把自己躲在壳里，不接近任何人。可知我避免不必要的对话。故选B。30．考查动词词义辨析。A.remain保持，留下；B.stick插入，放置，粘贴，容忍；C.keep保持，放；D.hide躲藏。联系上文我初中剩下的时间里，我像一只海龟一样，逃到一个壳里藏起来了，可知直到高中我才把头从壳里伸出来。stickoutof从…伸出。故选B。31．考查动词词义辨析。A.suspecting猜疑，怀疑；B.refusing拒绝；C.admiring羡慕，钦佩；D.trusting相信。联系语境直到上高中我才把头伸出龟壳，才开始再次相信人。故选D。32．考查形容词词义辨析。A.cautious小心的，谨慎的；B.alone单独的；C.careless粗心的；D.simple-minded纯朴的，简单的。联系上文自己受到Evan的伤害，可知直到今天，我在选择向谁打开心扉时仍然很谨慎。故选A。33．考查代词辨析。A.anything任何东西；B.everyone每个人；C.nothing没有东西；D.someone某个人。联系上句我在择友时很谨慎，可知我要花很长时间才能对一个人变得友好。此句中warmupto喜欢，对……变得较有好感，对……感到较易接受。故选D。34．考查副词词义辨析。A.seriously严肃地，认真地；B.wrongly错误地；C.personally个人地；D.easily容易地。那时我12岁。我太容易相信别人，我把Evan的话太当真了。takesthseriously认真对待，当真。故选A。35．考查连词词义辨析。句意：或许他那天心情不好或者我说太多话了。这里Maybehewashavingabadday和maybeIwastalkingtoomuch.是选择关系，用or，故选B。36．考查动词词义辨析。A.changed改变；B.helped帮助；C.developed发展，养成；D.achieved完成，实现。句意：在我看来，他那天对我说的话改变了我的生活轨迹。根据句意可知选A。37．考查名词词义辨析。A.accident事故；B.argument争论，争辩；C.incident小事件，事件；D.fight斗争，奋斗。句意：但是如果不是因为那件事，我不可能在高中遇到我最好的朋友们。根据句意可知选C。38．考查动词词义辨析。A.forget忘记；B.remember记住，记得；C.apologize道歉；D.forgive原谅，谅解。联系下句Ican’tseemtoforgiveEvan.可知我已经能原谅所有欺负我的人。故选D。39．考查名词词义辨析。A.trouble麻烦；B.reason原因；C.idea想法，观点；D.view观点，景色。句意：我已经能原谅所有欺负我的人，但是因为一些原因，，我似乎不能原谅Evan。根据句意可知选B。40．考查形容词词义辨析。A.warm-hearted热心的；B.clever聪明的；C.mature成熟的，仔细考虑过的；D.determined有决心的。联系本段的开头，那时我们都太年轻，我能原谅所有欺负我的人，但是不能原谅Evan，可知这里，我相信有一天我也能足够成熟的原谅Evan。故选C。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It’ssaidthattheChinesecharacterswereinventedbyCangjie.Theyweredeciphered(破译)intheSongDynasty41whetherthesearethecorrectanswersisstilldebatable.InhislifeCangjieobservedmountainsandrivers,footprintsofbirdsandbeasts,aswellasshapesofplantsandobjects.Inspiredbythese,Cangjieinventedvarioussymbols42(base)ontheshapesand43(appear)ofdifferentthingsandnamedthemzi(character).ThesemostancientChinesepictographs(象形文字)haveendedthetime44peopletiedknotstorecordtheirlives.AccordingtotheHanDynasty’sChinesedictionaryShuoWenJieZi,Cangjiewrotetwoscrolls,which45(lose)duringwarsintheSuiDynasty.Scholarsincontemporarytimestend46(believe)itisprobablyabeautifultalethatCangjieinventedtheChinesecharactersalone.ManyChinesecharactersactuallycameintobeingbeforeCangjie.Heismoreliketheonewho47(collect)Chinesecharacters.ChineseancestorsaccumulatedanddevelopedtheChinesecharacters,updatingthemthroughhundredsofyears,duringwhichtimetheChinesecharactersevolvedfromoraclebonescript48bronzescript,sealscript,clericalscript,and49(final)tostandardscript.NowadaysChinesepeoplecommonlyusethestandardscript,whose50(tradition)versionwasgraduallysimplifiedandmodernized.【答案】41．but/yet42．based43．appearances44．when45．werelost46．tobelieve47．collects/hascollected48．to49．finally50．traditional【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了仓颉造字的传说以及相关研究。41．考查连词。句意为：这些汉字已在宋代被破译出来，但是正确与否依然存在争议。分析句子结构可知，前后两个并列句之间存在转折关系，应填表示转折的连词but/yet。故填but/yet。42．考查非谓语动词。句意为：仓颉受到这些观察的启发，发明了基于不同事物的形状和外观的各种符号，并把它们命名为“字”。分析句子结构可知，设空处作symbols的后置定语，且与symbols之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词。故填based。43．考查名词。句意：同上。根据上文中的shapes和下文中的ofdifferentthings可知，此处与shapes并列，应用名词复数形式appearances作宾语。故填appearances。44．考查定语从句。句意为：这些最古老的中国象形文字结束了人们结绳记事的时代。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为time，且从句中缺少时间状语，应用when引导定语从句。故填when。45．考查动词。句意为：根据汉代的语文辞书《说文解字》所述，仓颉写了两卷(汉字)，这两卷都在隋朝的战乱中丢失了。分析句子结构可知，设空处作which引导的定语从句的谓语，事件发生在过去，且which指代先行词twoscrolls，和lose之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态;定语从句的主语which为复数概念，从句谓语应用复数形式。故填werelost。46．考查非谓语动词。句意为：现代学者往往会相信仓颉独自造字的故事可能是一个美丽的传说。tendtodosth.为固定搭配，意为“往往会做某事”。故填tobelieve。47．考查动词。句意为：仓颉更像是把汉字收集起来的那个人。根据句意可知，此处是当代学者对仓颉在汉字传承中所扮演的角色的客观描述，应用一般现在时；此处也可用现在完成时，强调动作的完成;分析句子结构可知，who引导的定语从句中缺少谓语，关系代词指代先行词theone，为单数概念，谓语应用第三人称单数。故填collects/hascollected。48．考查介词。句意为：中国的祖先们积累并发展了汉字，并于数百年间不断更新这些汉字，其间汉字由甲骨文逐步发展成金文、篆书、隶书，最后发展成标准汉