浙江省杭州市源清中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语测试题（原卷版）

年源清中学高二年级第一学期期中测试卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABelowisabriefdescriptionoftheprocessinvolvedinselectingtheNobelPrizelaureates(获奖者)inphysics.September-Nomination(提名)formsaresentout.TheNobelCommitteesendsoutconfidentialformstoaround3,000people-selectedprofessorsatuniversitiesaroundtheworld,NobelPrizelaureatesinphysicsandchemistry,andmembersoftheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciences,amongothers.February-Deadlineforsubmission.ThecompletednominationformsmustreachtheNobelCommitteenolaterthan31stJanuaryofthefollowingyear.TheCommitteescreensthenominationsandselectsthepreliminarycandidates.About250-350namesarenominatedasseveralnominatorsoftensubmitthesamename.March-May-Consultationwithexperts.TheNobelCommitteesendsthenamesofthepreliminary(初步的)candidatestospeciallyappointedexpertsfortheirassessmentofthecandidates’work.Jun-August-Writingofthereport.TheNobelCommitteeputstogetherthereportwithrecommendationstobesubmittedtotheAcademy.ThereportissignedbyallmembersoftheCommittee.September-Committeesubmitsrecommendations.TheNobelCommitteesubmitsitsreportwithrecommendationsonthefinalcandidatestothemembersoftheAcademy.ThereportisdiscussedattwomeetingsofthePhysicsClassoftheAcademy.October-NobelPrizelaureatesarechosen.InearlyOctober,theAcademyselectstheNobelPrizelaureatesinphysicsthroughamajorityvote.Thedecisionisfinalandwithoutappeal.ThenamesoftheNobelLaureatesarethenannounced.December-NobelPrizelaureatesreceivetheirprize.TheNobelPrizeawardceremonytakesplaceon10DecemberinStockholm,wheretheNobelPrizelaureatesreceivetheirNobelPrize,whichconsistsofaNobelPrizemedalanddiploma(证书),andadocumentconfirmingtheprizeamount.1.WhenshouldnominationformsbesentbacktotheNobelCommitteeinthefollowingyear?A.LaterthanMarch. B.LaterthanApril.C.EarlierthanFebruary. D.LaterthanAugust.2.WheredoestheNobelPrizelaureatesreceivetheirNobelPrize?A.InStockholm. B.InNewYork. C.InCanberra. D.InLondon.3.TheNobelPrizeisNOTmadeupof_________.A.Amedal. B.Adiploma. C.Adocument. D.Asouvenir.BTheUKGovernmenthasannouncedplanstobuildeightnuclearpowerreactorsaspartofitsnewenergystrategy.By2030,theGovernmentwants95%oftheUK’selectricitytocomefromlow-carbonenergysources.Carbondioxideisagreenhousegasthatisreleasedfromtheburningoffossilfuels(coal,oilandgas).Itisabigcauseofclimatechange-long-termshiftsinweatherpatterns,includingrisingtemperatures.TheGovernmentwantstoincreaserenewableenergysources,suchaswindturbinesandsolarpanels.TheGovernmenthopesthatby2030,50gigawatts(亿瓦特)ofenergywillcomefromoffshorewindfarms(onesthatstandinthesea).That’senoughtopowerallthehousesintheUK.Therearealsoplanstobuildeightnewnuclearreactors.Nuclearreactorsgenerate(产生)energythroughaprocesscallednuclearfission(裂变),whenheavyatomsaresplitintolighterones.TheGovernmentwantstomaketheUK’senergycleanerandcheaper,andfortheUKtoproduceitsownenergyratherthanrelyingonothercountries.Russia’sinvasionofUkrainehasaffectedtheworld’sgasandoilsupply,makingpowermoreexpensive.TheUKPrimeMinister,BorisJohnson,saystheplanswillleadtocleanandsecureenergymadeinBritain.Somepeoplehavesaidthattheseplansdon’tgofarenoughandwon’thelppeoplewhoarestrugglingwithhighenergybillsatthemoment.LabourPartyleaderKeirStarmerhassaidthattheGovernmentshoulddomoretoinsulatepeople’shomes.Insulatinghomesiswhenmaterialisputinsideahousetostopheatfromgettingout.Itmeanspeoplewouldneedtouselessenergytoheattheirhomes.4.Whatdoestheunderlined“It”refertointhesecondparagraph?A.Carbondioxide. B.Afossilfuel.CArenewableenergysource. D.Thelow-carbonenergysource.5.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.TheGovernmentwantstobemoreindependentonenergyproduction.B.Nuclearreactorsproduceenergythroughnuclearfission.C.TheUKisunwillingtoproduceitsownenergy.D.Intheprocessofnuclearfission,lighteratomsaresplitintoheavyones.6.Whatissomepeople’sattitudetowardstheenergyplan?A.Supportive. B.Unconcerned.C.Unappreciative. D.Satisfied.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CheaperEnergyintheUKB.ElectricityfromLow-carbonEnergySourcesC.TheUKGovernmentBuildsEightNuclearReactorsD.TheUKGovernmentLaunchesEnergyPlanCIaccidentallyfoundatimecapsule,inpurpleandgreenfloss(丝线)inthemidstofsortingoutsomeoldthingslastmonth.Fadedandworn,itwasafriendshipbracelet(手链)—animportantpartofmyteenagesummers.Holdingitinmyhandmademethinkaboutthosepreciousmemoriesofchildhood,whichmykidswillneverknowfirsthand.Myhandiworkwasn’tbeautiful.ButwhatIrememberisthebeautyoftheoffering:slippingsomethingintoafriend’shandandknowingitwouldalwaysbewiththem.Theexperiencewasintoxicating—liketheseriousbusinessofexchangingweddingrings,itwasasymbolofanunbreakablebond.Thosebraceletsrepresentedhowmuchwemeanttoeachother,atatimewhenourfriendswerebecomingthecenterofourlives.Isleptwithmybraceletsandshoweredwiththem.Iworethemallsummerlongatcamp.AndIacquirednewbraceletsfromfriendsthere—friendswhoreceivedcarefullycraftedbraceletsfrommeinreturn,aswesaidourtearfulend-of-summergoodbyes.Ithoughthavingthemhelpedeasethepainofleavingmyfriends.ButnowIseethattheywerereallyhelpingmetoleavebehindchildhood.Mykidsdon’tgotosummercamp.Theycertainlydon’texchangeanythingasuncoolasbraceletswiththeirfriends.TheyhangoutonDiscord(一种聊天工具)inchatsthatonlypausebutneverend.OureldestsonendlesslytextsonhiscellphoneasheandhisfriendsmakeoneanothertalkingemojisandTikTokvideos.Theirrelationshipswiththeirphonesleavenotimeorspaceforwritinglettersormakingbracelets,andtheirgiftstooneanotherleavenoclearanddefinitetraces.Therewillbenoboxesofletterstosortyearsfromnownoranyhiddenbraceletstofind.Theywillhavelittletophysicallyholdonto.8.Whydoestheauthorcompareabracelettoatimecapsule?A.Itisfadedandworn.B.Itisshapedlikeacapsule.C.Itremindsherofherchildhood.D.Itwasmadebytheauthorherself.9.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“intoxicating”inParagraph2?A.Exciting. B.Terrible.C.Professional. D.Strange.10.Whydoestheauthorthinkherkids’childhoodisdifferentfromhers?A.Theyspendtoomuchtimeontheircellphones.B.Theymakemorefriendsatsummercamp.C.Theyareunwillingtogivebraceletstoparents.D.Theyoftensendhand-madegiftstotheirfriends.11.Whatcanbeimpliedaboutthefriendshipbracelets?A.Theyprovedtheauthor’skidshadmuchtophysicallyholdonto.B.Theygavemeaningtotheauthor’schildhoodinawayherkidswillneverknow.C.Theyrepresentedboththeauthorandherkids’unforgettablechildhood.D.Theyrecalledtheauthor’sdeepsorrowofleavingclosefriendsatsummercamp.DTheBestWaytoEnjoyaBookIamnosloweater.Ican’trememberthenumberoftimesIwastoldasachildnottogobblemyfood.NorhaveIbeenaslowreader.IwentthroughbookslikecombineharvestersthroughcropsintheEnglishvillageofmychildhood.PerhapsIwillcontinuetogobblemyfooduntilmylastmealonthisplanet.Butbooks!Theyareanentirelydifferentmatter.Havingbeenpreventedfromvisitingbookstoresandlibrariesduringthesedaysofisolation.Ihavedecidedtomakechanges.Afterall,didn’tsomeoneoncesay,“It’sanillwindthatblowsnobodyanygood.”Iimagineslowreadingtobelikeslowcooking:avarietyofingredientsmixedintosomethingonecantrulyenjoy.Slowreadingmeansenjoyingeachsentence,absorbingallofthoseparagraphsofdescriptionthathadprobablybeensweatedoverbytheauthorand,moreoftenthannot,skippedoverbyreaderslikeme.Thisisn’ttosayIpayonlyrandomattentiontoabook.Beforedecidingononetobuyorborrow,Ialwaysreadthesynopsisandthe“AbouttheAuthor”section.Iwouldalsoreadthededication,theforewordandtheauthor’sacknowledgments.OnlythendoImoveontothebook’sopeningsentence.ThisisessentiallyhowIhadselectedthetwobooksthatImostrecentlyfinished.Inordertotrulyenjoythesetwonovels,Irationedmyreadingtotwohoursaday-nomoreandnoless.Afunnythinghappenswhenyoutaketwohoursoutoftheday-everyday–forsomethingyoureally,reallyenjoy.IexperiencedaquietsenseofaccomplishmentthatIhadmissedforyears.EnglishwriterKateAtkinson’sTranscriptionhasbeenadvertisedas“anovelofraredepthfromoneofthebestwritersofourtime.”Award-winningNewfoundlerMichaelCrummey’sTheInnocents,meanwhile,issaidtobe“arichlyimaginedandfascinatingstoryofhardshipandsurvival.”IamgladIdidn’treadTranscriptionatmyusualpace.IsuspectIwouldhavemissedmuchofthebrillianceofthewriting.Instead,Imademyselfcompletelyinvolvedinthelifeof18-year-oldJulie.Ioftenpausedattheendofachaptertorereaditforthejoyoflaughingaloudattheheroine’observations.TheInnocentsisaboutthelifeoftwoorphansinanisolatedbayinNewfoundland.Itwashardnottorunthroughthispowerfulnarrative—butIresistedthetemptation.MypatiencewasrewardedwithadeeperunderstandingofthecharacterandrichdescriptionofnorthernNewfoundland—sorealthatIcouldalmostfeelthelichen(地衣)betweenmytoes.SohereIam,twobooksfinishedthattookmeamonthtoread.Ihavebeenentertained,enrichedandtransportedintimeandplacelikeIneverhavebefore.Havingdiscoveredthejoysoftakingmytimeoverabooknow,IdoubtIwilleveragainannounceproudly,“Itonlytookmeadayoracoupleofhourstofinish!”12.Accordingtothearticle,theauthorusedto______.A.readnovelswhilegobblingherfood.B.spendnomorethantwohoursreadingeveryday.C.consideritawasteoftimetoreadfictionalstories.Dfinishreadingabookinadayorevenacoupleofhours.13.Theunderlinedproverb“It’sanillwindthatblowsnobodyanygood,”probablymeans______.A.eventhecraziestideascanbecomepopular.B.eventhemostpopularideascangooutoffashion.C.eventhemostpositivesituationscanharmsomeone.D.eventhemostnegativesituationscanbenefitsomeone.14.Theauthorcomparedreadingtocookinginordertoillustratethat______.A.itisfuntoreadbookrelatedtofood.B.itisrewardingtopickupvarioustypesofbooks.C.itisworthwhiletoappreciatethebrillianceofeverysentence.D.Itisimportanttoreadthesynopsisbeforedecidingonabooktoread.15.WhilereadingTheInnocents,theauthor______.A.imaginedherselftobeanorphan.B.endedupwithadeepappreciationofthestory.C.readthroughthedescriptivepartofthebookquickly.D.thoughtabouttherelationshipbetweenhardshipandsurvival.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Webuywhatweneedandwant.Butatthesametime,wealsoneedtomakesurethatwearenotshortofcashwhileshoppingandwearesavingourmoneywitheverypurchasewemake.Belowaresomesimpletips.Makeashoppinglist.Whenyoulisttheitemsyouwanttoshopfor,youdon’tbuyexcessivelyorimpulsively(过度或冲动地)whileshopping.____16____Thishelpsyoutosavemoneyandmovewithinabudget.Compareprices.____17____Instead,lookandfindtheproductinotherstorestoseewhichoffersthecheapestprice.Youcancheckonlinesitestoo.Leavethestorewhenindoubt.Ifyoucannotdecidewhethertobuyaproduct,donotmakeapurchase.Instead,leavethestore.Ifyoudecidelaterthatyouwantit,youcanalwaysvisittheshopnexttime.____18____Watchoutforsaleoffers.Don’tgoforitemsonsaleiftheyarenotneeded,eveniftheyarebeingofferedatacheapprice.Onlybuywhatyouneed.____19____Don’tchoosefriendswhoareshopaholics(购物狂)themselvesandlovetoseeyouspendingbecauseitmakesthemfeelbetterabouttheirpurchases.Insteadgotomallswithfriendswhodonotpressureyoutobuyanythingbutgiveyouanhonestopinionandhelpyouinmakingyourpurchase.____20____However,withsomeeffortandtime,youwillbeabletobuildabiggersavingsaccountandahealthierbudget.A.Ifyoucanmakeit,thendon’tbuy.B.Savingwhileshoppingisnoteasy.C.Pickyourshoppingfriendswisely.D.Thinkbeforebuying:AmIgoingtoneedit?E.Theruleallowsyoutobuyonlywhat’sonthelist.F.Chancesarethatyou’llbegladthatyousavedthemoney.G.Don’tjustbuyrightawayonseeingaproductyoufind.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Howlongcanhumanbeingslive?Mostscientistswhostudyoldagethinkthatthehumanbodyis

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tolivenolongerthan120years.However,110yearsisprobablythelongestthatanyonecouldhopetolive—ifheorsheis

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healthyandlucky.Somescientistsevensaywecanliveaslongas130years!Yet,ourcellssimplycannotcontinuetoreproduce

___23___.Theywearout,andasaresult,wegetoldand

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die.Eventhoughwecan’tliveforever,wearelivinga

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lifethaneverbefore.In1900,theaverageAmericanlifespan(寿命)wasonly47years,buttodayitis75years!Whendoesoldagebeginthen?Sixty-fivemaybeout-of-dateasthe

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linebetweenmiddleageandoldage.Afterall,manyolderpeopledon’tbegintoexperiencephysicalandmental

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untilafterage75.Peoplearelivinglongerbecausemorepeople

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childhood.Beforemodernmedicinechangedthelawsofnature,manychildrendiedofcommonchildhood

___29___.Nowthatthechancesofdying

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aremuchlower,thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherduetobetterdietsandhealthcare.Onthewhole,ourpopulationisgettingolder.The

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inourpopulationwillhavelastingeffectsonoursocialdevelopmentandourwayoflife.Somepeoplefearsuchchangeswillbefortheworse,whilesomesee

___32___,notdisaster.Today,manymenandwomenintheir"goldenyears"arehealthy,stillactive,andyoungin

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ifnotinage.Asoursocietygrowsold,weneedthe

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ofouroldercitizens.Withlonglivesaheadofthem,theyneedto

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activeandbedevoted.21.A.designed B.selected C.improved D.discovered22.A.completely B.generally C.apparently D.extremely23A.rapidly B.harmlessly C.endlessly D.separately24.A.eventually B.hopelessly C.automatically D.desperately25A.busier B.longer C.richer D.happier26.A.finishing B.guiding C.waiting D.dividing27.A.stress B.damage C.decline D.failure28.A.survive B.enjoy C.remember D.value29.A.problems B.fears C.worries D.diseases30.A.poor B.young C.sick D.quiet31.A.changes B.recovery C.safety D.increases32.A.dreams B.chances C.strengths D.choices33.A.mind B.appearance C.voice D.movement3