辽宁省协作校2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试试题英语卷

2/2辽宁省协作校2022-2023学年高三上学期期末考试试题英语卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解ContributorsYasinOsmanIllustrator,Toronto,Canada“AsKidsSeeIt”Osmanisanaward-winningphotographerandcartoonistwhoseworkhasappearedinTheNewYorkerandVice.In2018and2019,hisphotographyexhibition,DearAyeeyo,wasshowninTorontoandLondon,England.OsmanisalsothefounderofShootforPeace,aprogramfightingagainstgunviolence.Seehislatestillustrationonpage38.ClaytonHanmerIllustrator,Ontario,Canada“FactCheck”Hanmer’senergeticworkhasbeenpublishedinTheNewYorkTimesandNationalGeographicKids.Hehasillustratedseveralchildren’sbooks,including2020’sTrending:HowandWhyStuffGetsPopular.Hanmer’sworkisdisplayedinbothprivateandcorporatecollectionsthroughtheCanadaCouncilArtBank.Findhislatestillustrationonpage14.LucRinaldiWriter,Toronto,Canada“HouseCalls”Rinaldi’sstorieshaveappearedinMaclean’s,TorontoLifeandTheWalrus.AsaformereditorofPivotMagazine,hehaswonseveralawardsforhisbusinesswriting.AfrequentmusicreviewerforpublicationslikeMaisonneuve,herecentlyrecordedhisownalbum,whichwillbereleasedlaterthisyearundertheartistnameLongtimeListener.Readhisstoryonpage18.JasonMcBrideWriter,Toronto,Canada“GoodNews:FiveReasonstoSmile”McBridehaswrittenforReportonBusinessMagazine,TorontoLifeandMaclean’s.In2015,hewonagoldNationalMagazineAwardforhisprofileofCanadianfilmmakerJohnGreyson.HisbiographyofthewriterKathyAckerwillbepublishedbySimon&Schusternextyear.Checkouthisroundupofupliftingstoriesfromaroundtheworldonpage11.1．WhatdoweknowaboutOsman?A．Heoftenwritesmusicreviews. B．HecomesfromLondon,England.C．Heshowsnointerestinphotography. D．Heisapeace-lovingartist.2．WhoseworkdoestheCanadaCouncilArtBankexhibit?A．Osman’swork B．Rinaldi’swork C．Hanmer’swork D．McBride’swork3．Whatdothelasttwowritershaveincommon?A．BothcontributetoTorontoLifeandMaclean’s.B．Bothareknownasawriterandfilmmaker.C．BothworkedasaneditorofPivotMagazine.D．BothoncewonagoldNationalMagazineAward.【答案】1．D2．C3．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了4位撰稿人以及他们的主要作品和成就。1．细节理解题。根据文章YasinOsman中的“OsmanisalsothefounderofShootforPeace,aprogramfightingagainstgunviolence.(奥斯曼也是“争取和平”项目的创始人，该项目旨在打击枪支暴力)”可知，奥斯曼是一位爱好和平的艺术家。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据文章ClaytonHanmer中的“Hanmer’sworkisdisplayedinbothprivateandcorporatecollectionsthroughtheCanadaCouncilArtBank.Findhislatestillustrationonpage14.(汉默的作品通过加拿大理事会艺术银行在私人和企业收藏中展出。在第14页找到他最新的插图)”可知，加拿大理事会艺术银行展出汉默的作品。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据文章LucRinaldi中的“McBridehaswrittenforReportonBusinessMagazine,TorontoLifeandMaclean's.(里纳尔蒂的故事曾刊登在《麦克林》《多伦多生活》和《海象》上)”和JasonMcBride中的“McBridehaswrittenforReportonBusinessMagazine,TorontoLifeandMaclean's.(麦克布莱德曾为《商业报道》杂志《多伦多生活》和《麦克林》杂志撰稿)”可知，最后两位作者都给《多伦多生活》和《麦克林》杂志投过稿。故选A。Itistruethatmostofthetimeweshoulddependonourselvesforsafetyratherthanentirelyonthepolice,especiallywhenstayingalhome.MarieVanBrittanBrown,anAfricanAmericannurselivinginJamaic,Queensinthe1960s,wasworkinginshifts,aswasherhusband,Albert,anelectronicstechnician.Whenshearrivedhomelate,shesometimesfeltafraid.SeriouscrimesinQueensjumpednearly32percentfrom1960to1965,andpolicewereslowtorespondtoemergencycalls.Mariewantedtofeelsaferathome.Withthehelpofherhusband.Marieimaginedadevicethatcouldbeattachedtothefrontdoor.Itwouldofferloursmallholes,andthroughthese,avideocameraontheinsidecouldviewvisitorsofdifferentheightsasthehostturnedthecameraupanddown.Thecamerawasconnectedtoatelevisionmonitorinside.Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinsideallowedthehosttointerrogateavisitor,whileanalarmcouldinformthepoliceviaradio.Closed-circuitTelevision(CCTV),inventedduringWorldWarIIformilitaryuse,wasnotwidespreadin1960s,andtheBrownsproposedusingthetechnologytocreatethefirstmodemhomesecuritysystem.Theyfiledapatentfortheirdevicein1966,citingMarieastheleadinginventor.Itwasapprovedthreeyearslater.“Theequipmentisnotinproduction,”TheNewTimesreported,“ButtheBrownshopetointerestmanufacturesandhomebuilders.”Thatneverhappened.“Thecostofinstallingitwidelywouldbeveryprettyhigh,”saysRobertMcCrie,anemergencymanagementexpertatJohnJayCollegeofCriminalinManhattan.Marie’sinvention,thoughitdidn’tbenefitthemfinanciallywouldearntheBrownsameasureofrecognitioninthetechnologyworld:Thepredecessor(前身)oftoday’shomesecuritysystems,ithasbeencitedin35USpatents.4．WhatcanwelearnaboutthemaincharacterMarie?A．Sheworkedasanelectronicstechnician.B．Shelivedinanunsafeanddangerousneighborhood.C．Shewasaccompaniedhomebyherhusbandeveryday.D．Shedarednottomakeanemergencycallherself.5．Theunderlinedword“interrogate”inParagraph3canbereplacedby__________.A．attract B．scare C．inquire D．inform6．WhatwastheproblemwiththeBrowns’ssystem?A．Itwastoodeartobemass-produced. B．Itwasregardedasasillyinvention.C．Itwasthoughtlittleofbythethenpolice. D．Itwasillegaltobeusedbycommonpeople.7．WhatcanwesayaboutMarieandherhusband?A．Theyaredevolvedandcourageous. B．Theyaregenerousandresponsible.C．Theyarehelpfulbutquiteawkward. D．Theyareintelligentandrespectable【答案】4．B5．C6．A7．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了玛丽和她的丈夫因为住在犯罪率较高的社区，就想有个安全的居住环境，而设计了一款设备。4．推理判断题。根据第二自然段“SeriouscrimesinQueensjumpednearly32percentfrom1960to1965,andpolicewereslowtorespondtoemergencycalls.Mariewantedtofeelsaferathome.(从1960年到1965年，皇后区的严重犯罪率上升了近32%，警方对紧急呼叫反应迟缓。玛丽想在家里感觉更安全)”可知，玛丽住的社区不安全。故选B。5．词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinsideallowedthehosttointerrogateavisitor,whileanalarmcouldinformthepoliceviaradio.(门外有一个麦克风，里面有一个扬声器，主人可以interrogate来访者，同时警铃可以通过无线电通知警察)”可知，interrogate是及物动词，avisitor是它的宾语。根据上文的“Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinside.(门外有一个麦克风，里面有一个扬声器)”可知，门外面的话筒和门内的扬声器都是可以传达声音的设备，所以就可以让家里的主人通过这些设备和门外的人说话，问门外的人问题。由此可知，划线词interrogate意为“质问，提问”。结合选项：A.attract吸引；B.scare使害怕；C.inquire询问；D.inform告知。故选C。6．推理判断题。根据第四自然段“Theequipmentisnotinproduction.(设备尚未投入生产)”及“Thecostofinstallingitwidelywouldbeveryprettyhigh.(广泛安装的费用是相当高的)”可知，这个设备的不足之处在于大量生产的费用太高。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Marie’sinvention,thoughitdidn’tbenefitthemfinanciallywouldearntheBrownsameasureofrecognitioninthetechnologyworld:Thepredecessor(前身)oftoday’shomesecuritysystems,ithasbeencitedin35USpatents.(玛丽的发明虽然没有为他们挣大钱，但却为布朗一家赢得了在技术界的认可：现在家里的安保系统的前身，它已经在35个美国专利上被引用)”可知，玛丽和她的丈夫很聪明，并且获得了大家的认可和尊敬。故选D。Whenvisitingalaboratoryormuseumandadmireaneyeballoratinydeadcreaturefloatinginaglassbottle,youseethepreservationpowerofalcohol.Scientistshavebeenrelyingonitsincethe1600stopreservetheircuriousspecimens(标本).And,ifdonecorrectly,itcansustainasampleforhundredsofyears.But,howdoesitwork?“Thelongandtheshortofitisthatit’spoisonoustocertainkindsofmicroorganismsthatwouldcausedecay(腐烂),”saidprofessorBillCarrollorIndianaUniversityBloomington.Heusedwineasanexample.It’smadeasyeast(酵母)eatssugarfromgrapesandthenreleasesalcohol.Buttheyeastreleasessomuchalcoholthattheconcentrationbecomespoisonousandkillstheyeast.Andthatalcoholcontent-around14%-helpsdelaythegrowthofmicroorganismsforyears.“Preservingotherorganicmaterials-SuchasDNA,tissuesorevenentireanimals-requiresahigheralcoholconcentration,”saidKatherineMaslenikov,thefishcollectionsmanagerattheBurkeMuseuminSeattle.Forexample,Maslenikovmighttakeafishspecimen.Aftersomeinitialpreparations,sheputsthefishspecimeninabottleof70%alcoholand30%ofwater.“Forlongtermstorage,70%alcoholseemstobethatmagicnumber,”Maslenikovsaid.“There’senoughwatertohelpthespecimenholditsshape,andenoughalcoholtopreventthegrowthofmicroorganisms.”Alcoholatevenhigherconcentrations,forinstance95%ethanol(乙醇),worksnsadehydrant(脱水剂),meaningitremovesandreplacesthewaterinthecell,tissueorwhole-bodyspecimenwithalcohol.ThistechniqueisacommonwayofpreservingDNA．Itcanbetrickytodecidewhatpercentageofalcoholtouse.Usingtoomuchortoolittlecanaffectthesample’sshapeandflexibility,orevenloweritsabilitytopreservethesample.Highconcentrationsofalcoholusedtodehydrateaspecimenwillpreserveit.ButMaslenikovsaidthisprocesscanalsocauseaspecimentochangeinsize(fromthelossofwater)andbecomeeasilybroken(formthehardenedproteins).Sometimesthat’sOK;italldependsonwhatyouaretryingtopreserve.8．Whyisalcoholmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Toshowthespecialfunctionofalcoholforstorage.B．Topresenttheachievementsthatscientistshavemade.C．Toremindpeoplenottotouchtheglassbottlesinmuseums.D．Tointroducetheexhibitsdisplayedwithalcoholinthem.9．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．ThecommonwayusedtopreserveDNA．B．Theprocessofremovingthewaterinthecell.C．Theroleofalcoholwithhigherconcentrations.D．TheaimtodevelopthetechniqueofpreservingDNA．10．Accordingtothetext,tomakeafishspecimen,whatpercentageofalcoholandwaterisneeded?A．95%ethanoland30%water B．70%alcoholand30%waterC．14%alcoholand70%water D．30%alcoholand70%water11．WhatistheattitudeofMaslenikovtousingalcoholforpreservation?A．Supportive B．Cautious C．opposed D．Enthusiastic【答案】8．A9．C10．B11．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了酒精如何能储存东西。8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenvisitingalaboratoryormuseumandadmireaneyeballoratinydeadcreaturefloatinginaglassbottle,youseethepreservationpowerofalcohol.Scientistshavebeenrelyingonitsincethe1600stopreservetheircuriousspecimens(标本).And,ifdonecorrectly,itcansustainasampleforhundredsofyears.But,howdoesitwork?(当你参观实验室或博物馆，欣赏漂浮在玻璃瓶中的眼球或微小的死亡生物时，你会看到酒精的保存能力。自17世纪以来，科学家们一直依靠它来保存他们奇特的标本。如果处理得当，它可以将样本保存数百年。但是，它是如何工作的呢？)”和全文可知，文章主要介绍了酒精如何能储存东西，由此可知，第一段提到酒精是为了展示酒精的特殊储存功能。故选A。9．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Alcoholatevenhigherconcentrations,forinstance95%ethanol(乙醇),worksnsadehydrant(脱水剂),meaningitremovesandreplacesthewaterinthecell,tissueorwhole-bodyspecimenwithalcohol.ThistechniqueisacommonwayofpreservingDNA.(如果酒精浓度更高，比如95%的酒精，就可以起到脱水剂的作用，这意味着它可以用酒精去除并替换细胞、组织或全身标本中的水分。这项技术是保存DNA的常用方法。)”可知，第四段主要介绍了高浓度酒精的作用，故选C。10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Forexample,Maslenikovmighttakeafishspecimen.Aftersomeinitialpreparations,sheputsthefishspecimeninabottleof70%alcoholand30%ofwater.(例如，马斯列尼科夫可能会采集一个鱼类标本。在一些初步准备之后，她把鱼标本放入一个装有70%酒精和30%水的瓶子里。)”可知，为了制作鱼类的标本需要70%酒精和30%水，故选B。11．推理判断题。根据第三段中““Forlongtermstorage,70%alcoholseemstobethatmagicnumber,”Maslenikovsaid.“There’senoughwatertohelpthespecimenholditsshape,andenoughalcoholtopreventthegrowthofmicroorganisms.”(“对于长期储存来说，70%的酒精似乎是一个神奇的数字，”Maslenikov说。“这里有足够的水来帮助标本保持形状，还有足够的酒精来防止微生物的生长。”)”和最后一段中的“ButMaslenikovsaidthisprocesscanalsocauseaspecimentochangeinsize(fromthelossofwater)andbecomeeasilybroken(formthehardenedproteins).Sometimesthat’sOK;italldependsonwhatyouaretryingtopreserve.(但是Maslenikov说，这个过程也会导致样本尺寸变化（由于失水），并且很容易被破坏（形成硬化的蛋白质）。有时候这没关系，这完全取决于你想保存的东西。)”可知，Maslenikov客观上描述了用酒精来储存东西的好处和缺点，由此可知，他对用酒精储存的态度是严谨的，故选B。DespitemorethanamonthofeffortstorescueTenora,ayounggreenseaturtle,pollution-relatedissuesmadeitdifficulttosaveher.Tenorawasfinallyputtodeathtoreducehersuffering.TenorawasbroughtinbyRainbowReefDiveCenterstaffandcustomersonOctober3,2020.TherescueteamwasledbyPADI(ProfessionalAssociationofDivingInstructors)InstructorJoshPhillipswhohadmadeithis“personalmission”tohelpTenoraafterseeingherwithasoftball-sizedtumor(肿瘤)outonthereefs(暗礁).HeconnectedwiththeTurtleHospital,anonprofitintheFloridaKeysforpermissionandguidanceabouthowtorescueher.Afteroveramonthofsearchingandfailedattempts,PhillipswasfinallyabletorescueheronarainySaturday.ShelbyFergusonoftheTurtleHospitalmettheboatatthedocktobringTenorainforevaluationandcare.Fergusonexplainedthatgreenseeturtlesarethespeciesmosteasilyaffectedbythevirusthatcausesfibropapilloma(FP)tumorsliketheoneTenorahad.Generally,shesaid,themorepollutedthewater,themoreturtlespresentwithFPtumors.InHawaii,nitrogen(氯)runofffrompineapplefarmsincreasesthediseaseincidenceingreenseaturtlesneartheislands,explainedBetteZirkelbach,managerattheTurtleHospital.ScientiststherefirstmadethelinkbetweenpoorwaterqualityandincreasedFPtumorsingreenseaturtles.TheTurtleHospitalisbuildingonthisknowledgebyleadinganin-waterscientificstudyonseaturtlehealthintheFloridaKeysforthenextthreeyears,sheadded.Whileexternalmassescanbesurgicallyremoved,thereiscurrentlynotreatmentforinternalFPtumorsinseaturtles,soanimalslikeTenoraarehumanelyputtodeathtoreducetheirsuffering,Zirkelbachsaid.PhillipsreflectedonTenora’sloss,saying,“Ithinkitisterribletoconsiderthatthisismostlycausedbyhumans.”Heurgedeveryone,“Wakeup.Dobetter.We’reallinthistogether,andifwedon’ttrytochangehowweliveourlives,thingsaren’tgoingtogetanybetter.Thisisourchancelodosomethingtodayforthenextgeneration.”12．HowdidPhillipreactwhileseeingTenoraforthefirsttime?A．Healmostignoredhercondition. B．HebroughthertotheTurtleHospital.C．Heimmediatelyknewsheneededhelp. D．Hedecidedtostartanonprofitforthespecies.13．WhatdoesFerguson’sexplanationtellusaboutgreenseaturtles?A．Theyhavealreadybecomeendangered. B．Theyareeasilythreatenedbypollutedwater.C．ItisstillunclearhowtheygetFPtumors. D．ItisraretoseetheyhaveinternalFPtumors.14．WhydoestheauthormentionPhillips’wordsinthelastparagraph?A．Todrawattentiontogreenseaturtles. B．Todescribewaysofprotectingtheearth.C．Tocallforactiontohelptheenvironment. D．Toeducatethenextgenerationinresponsibility.15．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ADiverHelpsSaveaGreenSeaTurtleB．PollutionWorldwideIsPuttingSpeciesinDangerC．RescueGreenSeaTurtleIsPuttoDeathDuetoTumorD．ResearchersAreLookingforWaystoRescueGreenSeaTurtles【答案】12．C13．B14．C15．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是救援队教练菲利普斯拯救绿海龟的故事，同时他呼吁人们保护环境，减少污染.12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“TherescueteamwasledbyPADI(ProfessionalAssociationofDivingInstructors)InstructorJoshPhillipswhohadmadeithis“personalmission”tohelpTenoraafterseeingherwithasoftball-sizedtumor(肿瘤)outonthereefs(暗礁).HeconnectedwiththeTurtleHospital,anonprofitintheFloridaKeysforpermissionandguidanceabouthowtorescueher.(救援队由PADI(专业潜水教练协会)教练乔希·菲利普斯领导，他在珊瑚礁上看到泰诺拉长了一个垒球大小的肿瘤后，就把帮助她作为自己的“个人任务”。他联系了海龟医院，这是佛罗里达群岛的一家非营利组织，请求允许并指导如何拯救她。)”可知，他在珊瑚礁上看到泰诺拉长了一个垒球大小的肿瘤后，就把帮助她作为自己的“个人任务”即他立刻意识到她需要帮助。故选C。13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fergusonexplainedthatgreenseeturtlesarethespeciesmosteasilyaffectedbythevirusthatcausesfibropapilloma(FP)tumorsliketheoneTenorahad.Generally,shesaid,themorepollutedthewater,themoreturtlespresentwithFPtumors.(弗格森解释说，绿海龟是最容易受到导致纤维乳头瘤(FP)肿瘤的病毒影响的物种，就像泰诺拉所患的那样。她说，一般来说，水污染越严重，患FP肿瘤的海龟就越多。)”可知，绿海龟很容易受到水污染的威胁。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Heurgedeveryone,“Wakeup.Dobetter.We’reallinthistogether,andifwedon’ttrytochangehowweliveourlives,thingsaren’tgoingtogetanybetter.Thisisourchancetodosomethingtodayforthenextgeneration.”(他催促大家：“醒醒吧。做得更好。我们都在一起，如果我们不尝试改变我们的生活方式，事情不会变得更好。这是我们今天为下一代做点什么的机会。”)”可知，菲利普斯在此处呼吁采取行动保护环境。故选C。15．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述的是救援队教练菲利普斯拯救绿海龟的故事。A选项“ADiverHelpsSaveaGreenSeaTurtle(一名潜水员帮助拯救一只绿海龟)”能够概括文章主要内容。故选A。二、七选五“Icebaths”areroutinelyusedbyprofessionalathletesaftersportsevents.Dippinginto“icy”water,usuallyaround10°c,for5to10minutesisclaimedtoimprovemusclerecoveryandenhancefuturesportsperformances.16JohanaLannerisanexpertinmusclephysiologyfromtheKarolinskaInstituteinSweden.17Forthisreason,icebathsarecommonlyusedformusclerecoveryaftersportscompetitions.Whateffectdoicebathshaveonexerciseperformance?Asicebathshelpmusclesrecover,itmayfollowthattheycanbettersportsperformance.18HakanWesterblad,anexpertincellularmusclephysiologyfromSweden,says,“Scientificstudiesshowvaryingoutcomesregardingtheeffectofpost-exerciseicebathsonsubsequentperformance,withresultsrangingfromminorpositiveeffectstonegativeeffects.”Tomeasuretheeffectoficebathsonexerciseperformance,differenttypesofexerciseshouldbetakenintoaccount,suchasenduranceorstrengthtraining.AnotherexpertfromAustraliathinksthatafterstrengthexercise,coldwaterbathsmayinfactpreventthebenefitsofexercise.19Christopher,fromMahidolUniversityinThailand,says,“Interestingly,thereisevidencewhichsuggeststhatcoolingtheexercisemonocleincreasesthecellularsimple,whichturnsonMitochondriabiogenesis(或粒体生物).“Mio-biogenesisinwhencellsincreasetheirnumbersofMitochondria,whicharestructuresthatreleaseenergy.Mito-biogenesisisoneofthepositiveeffectsthatcomefromendurancetraining.20A．Unfortunatelyitisnotthatsimple.B．Butwhatisthesciencebehindtheseclaims?C．Soicebathscouldhelptoextendthisbenefit.D．Effectsonendurancetrainingmaybequitedifferent.E．Soicebathsarebeneficialtoallathletestorelaxmuscles.F．Hesaysicebathsareeffectiveatrelaxingthepainfulmuscles.G．Professionalathletesusuallyuseicebathstohelpmusclesrecover.【答案】16．B17．F18．A19．D20．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了运动员在赛后会使用冰浴来缓解肌肉疼痛，恢复肌肉机能，有利于提高接下来的比赛成绩。但是研究人员发现情况并非完全如此，对于不同的运动项目，冰浴可能会带来的影响不同。16．根据上文“Dippinginto“icy”water,usuallyaround10°c,for5to10minutesisclaimedtoimprovemusclerecoveryandenhancefuturesportsperformances.(在大约10度的冰水里面泡五到十分钟，据说能促进肌肉恢复，提高接下来的运动项目表现。)”以及第二段给出了具体的原理作为回答，可以推理出作者要提出一个关于冰浴能促进肌肉恢复的问题，与B项“Butwhatisthesciencebehindtheseclaims?(这些说法背后的原理是什么？)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。17．根据下文“Forthisreason,icebathsarecommonlyusedformusclerecoveryaftersportscompetitions.(因为这个原因，冰浴通常被用于运动场上比赛后的肌肉恢复)”可知与F项“Hesaysicebathsareeffectiveatrelaxingthepainfulmuscles.(他说冰浴在放松疼痛的肌肉方面有效)”为因果关系，故选F项。18．根据下文“Scientificstudiesshowvaryingoutcomesregardingtheeffectofpost-exerciseicebathsonsubsequentperformance,withresultsrangingfromminorpositiveeffectstonegativeeffects.(关于赛后的冰浴对随后的运动表现，科学研究发现了不同的结果，其结果有微小的积极影响，也有消极影响)”可知与上文的表达“Asicebathshelpmusclesrecover,itmayfollowthattheycanbettersportsperformance.(由于冰浴能帮助肌肉恢复，随之而来的应该是能促进运动中的表现)”不一致，这与A项“Unfortunatelyitisnotthatsimple(很不幸的是，它没有那么简单)”的含义表达一致，故选A项。19．根据上文“AnotherexpertfromAustraliathinksthatafterstrengthexercise,coldwaterbathsmayinfactpreventthebenefitsofexercise.(来自澳大利亚的另一位专家认为在力量训练之后，冰浴事实上有可能妨碍运动的益处)”以及下文“Mito-biogenesisisoneofthepositiveeffectsthatcomefromendurancetraining.(线粒体生物合成是来自于耐力训练的积极影响之一)”可知冰浴对力量训练和耐久力训练的影响不同，与D项“Effectsonendurancetrainingmaybequitedifferent(对耐久力训练的影响可能完全不同)”表达的意思一致，故选D项。20．根据上文“Mito-biogenesisisoneofthepositiveeffectsthatcomefromendurancetraining.(线粒体生物合成是来自于耐力训练的积极影响之一)”表达的意思可知与C项“Soicebathscouldhelptoextendthisbenefit.(因此，冰浴能扩大这种益处)”为因果关系，故选C项。三、完形填空Amysteryphilanthropist(慈善家),hasbeenspreadinghappiness—one$100billatatimeformorethanthreeyearsinandaroundSalem,Oregon.Herandomly21thebillsinshopstobefound,surprisinganddelightingshopperswhogettheadded22.Whenitappearedthatothersmightbetryingtocopyhim,hestarted23hisbills“Benny”.Todate,hehashidden24$50,000worthof$100bills,andthat’sonlywhathasbeenreported.Somepeoplehavebeen25whenandwherethebillsarefound,andtheynoticethathehas26theminstores,marketsandfairs.Thosewhofindoneallhaveasimilartaleaboutbeing27whena$100bill,withthemarkof“Benny”,fallsoutofthepackagingofsomethingtheyjustpurchased.Itis28howthesebillsalwaysseemtoendupintherighthands.Theyhavehelpedpeoplepaytheirelectricbill,maketheirrent,andevenprovidethehomelesswith29foracoupleofnights.ButtherealmagicofBennyisthepay-it-forwardspirithehas30inthecommunity.Morethanhalfofthe31reportpayingitforwardtotheirfavoritenon-profitorastrangerinneed,whichgivesmorepeoplea32.Someofthemostheartwarmingstoriesinvolvechildren.33shoppingfortoystheydecidedtobuyschoolsuppliesfortheirclassmatesorgroceriesforthelocalfoodbank.Thebillsareso34bysomeofthepeoplewhofindthemthattheypostthemontheirrefrigeratorsorcarrythemintheirpurses.It’sa35theysay,togiveandbelikeBenny.21．A．pays B．covers C．hides D．stores22．A．welfare B．bonus C．donation D．payment23．A．returning B．checking C．changing D．signing24．A．normally B．roughly C．occasionally D．toughly25．A．keepingtrackof B．fittinginwith C．catchingupwith D．reachingoutto26．A．thrown B．picked C．discovered D．slipped27．A．amazed B．embarrassed C．attached D．amused28．A．acceptable B．understandable C．memorable D．remarkable29．A．food B．clothing C．shelter D．transport30．A．managed B．inspired C．expected D．stressed31．A．finders B．sellers C．contributors D．seekers32．A．lift B．prize C．promise D．dream33．A．Thanksto B．Insteadof C．Butfor D．Apartfrom34．A．protected B．recommended C．treasured D．expected35．A．chance B．challenge C．record D．reminder【答案】21．C22．B23．D24．B25．A26．A27．A28．D29．C30．B31．A32．A33．B34．C35．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一位神秘的慈善家，三年多来一直在俄勒冈州的塞勒姆及其周边地区传播幸福——一次100美元。他随机地把钞票藏在商店里，以便被发现，让得到额外奖励的购物者感到惊喜和高兴。他的这一行为鼓舞了更多的人们做出善举。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他随机地把钞票藏在商店里，以便被发现，让得到额外奖励的购物者感到惊喜和高兴。A.pays支付；B.covers覆盖；C.hides隐藏；D.stores储存。根据后文“Todate,hehashidden”可知，他把钞票藏在商店里。故选C。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他随机地把钞票藏在商店里，以便被发现，让得到额外奖励的购物者感到惊喜和高兴。A.welfare幸福；B.bonus奖金，奖励；C.donation捐赠；D.payment支付。根据上文“surprisinganddelightingshopperswhogettheadded”可知这些钞票是额外的奖励。故选B。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当其他人似乎想模仿他时，他开始在钞票上签名“本尼”。A.returning返回；B.checking检查；C.changing改变；D.signing签字。根据前文“Whenitappearedthatothersmightbetryingtocopyhim”和后文“hisbills“Benny””可知，为了避免被模仿，他开始给钞票签名。故选D。24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，他已经藏了大约价值5万美元的100美元钞票，这只是被报道的数字。A.normally正常地；B.roughly大概；C.occasionally偶尔；D.toughly艰难地。根据后文“$50,000worthof$100bills”可知是大概价值5万美元的100美元钞票，故选B。25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些人一直在跟踪这些钞票是什么时候、在何地被发现的，他们注意到他把它们扔在商店、市场和集市上。A.keepingtrackof记录；B.fittinginwith适应；C.catchingupwith赶上；D.reachingoutto联系。根据后文“whenandwherethebillsarefound”可知，有些人跟踪这些钞票是什么时候、在何地被发现的。故选A。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人一直在跟踪这些钞票是什么时候被发现的，他们注意到他把它们扔在商店、市场和集市上。A.thrown扔；B.picked挑选；C.discovered发现；D.slipped滑动。后文them指的是被隐藏的钞票，即把钞票丢在商店、市场和集市上。故选A。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些找到钞票的人都有一个相似的故事，当他们刚买的东西的包装上掉出一张印有“本尼”的100美元时，他们非常惊讶。A.amazed惊讶的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.attached喜欢的；D.amused被逗乐的。根据后文“whena$100bill,withthemarkof“Benny”,fallsoutofthepackagingofsomethingtheyjustpurchased”可知，意外发现钞票的人一开始的反应应该是惊讶的。故选A。28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：值得注意的是，这些钞票似乎总是落到合适的人手里。A.acceptable可接受的；B.understandable可理解的；C.memorable难忘的；D.remarkable非凡的。根据后文“howthesebillsalwaysseemtoendupintherighthands”可知，这些钞票似乎总是落到合适的人手里，这值得注意。故选D。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助人们支付电费，支付房租，甚至为无家可归的人提供几个晚上的庇护所。A.food食物；B.clothing衣服；C.shelter收容所；D.transport运输。根据上文“evenprovidethehomelesswith”指为无家可归的人提供几个晚上的庇护所。故选C。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但本尼真正的魔力在于他在社区中激发的“付出”精神。A.managed设法；B.inspired鼓舞；C.expected期待；D.stressed强调。根据后文“reportpayingitforwardtotheirfavoritenon-profitorastrangerinneed”可知，本尼激发了付出精神。故选B。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：超过一半的发现者表示，他们把钱捐给了自己最喜欢的非营利组织或需要帮助的陌生人，这让更多人感到鼓舞。A.finders发现者；B.sellers销售者；C.contributors参与者；D.seekers寻找者。根据后文“reportpayingitforwardtotheirfavoritenon-profitorastrangerinneed”可知，这里指发现钞票的人把钱捐出去了。故选A。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：超过一半的发现者表示，他们把钱捐给了自己最喜欢的非营利组织或需要帮助的陌生人，这让更多人感到鼓舞。A.lift振奋；B.prize奖励；C.promise承诺；D.dream梦想。根据上文“givesmorepeoplea”可知，善举得到了传递，让更多人感到鼓舞，lift此处指精神上的鼓舞。故选A。33．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他们没有去买玩具，而是决定为同学们买学习用品，或者为当地的食品银行买杂货。A.Thanksto由于；B.Insteadof而不是；C.Butfor要不是；D.Apartfrom除了。根据后文“shoppingfortoystheydecidedtobuyschoolsuppliesfortheirclassmatesorgroceriesforthelocalfoodbank”可知，他们没有去买玩具，而是决定为同学们买学习用品，或者为当地的食品银行买杂货。故选B。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些钞票被一些捡到的人非常珍惜，他们把它们贴在冰箱上或放在钱包里。A.protected保护；B.recommended建议；C.treasured珍视；D.expected期待。根据后文“theypostthemontheirrefrigeratorsorcarrythemintheirpurses”可知，钞票得到了珍惜。故选C。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说这是一个提醒，要像本尼一样付出。A.chance机会；B.challenge挑战；C.record记录；D.reminder提醒物。根据后文“theysay,togiveandbelikeBenny”可知，这些人把钞票作为提醒物，故选D。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处理入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheXi’anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina’slonghistory.It36(build)initiallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynasty.Beautifully37(restore)toitsoriginalappearance,thewalliseasyforpeople38(bike)orwalktheentire14kilometers.WeaccessthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershigh,on39youcanseestreamsofpeoplemovinginsideunoutsidetheCityWall.Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthe40(defense)equipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeaction,fornothingwasbetterthan41(ride)onapieceofhistory.Wejumped42theideaofhiringourbikesfromtherentalplace.Mybikewasoldandshaky43didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoallthewayroundtheXi’anCitywall.44(suppose)youcandoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgalesand45(watchtower)totakepicturesorjusttowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheirdailyroutines.【答案】36．wasbuilt37．restored38．tobike39．which40．defensive41．toride42．at43．but44．Supposedly45．watchtowers【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者游览西安长城的过程。36．考查动词时态语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的。分析句子可知，build是谓语动词，build和主语it之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据时间状语theTangdynasty可知，应用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填wasbuilt。37．考查非谓语动词。句意：城墙被完美地恢复到原来的样子，人们很容易骑自行车或步行走完14公里。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词是is，restore用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语thewall是被动关系