东坪煤矿1.5Mt-a新井设计-煤矿开采冒落区注浆充填量预计研究

题目：东坪煤矿1.5Mt/a新井设计煤矿开采冒落区注浆充填量预计研究摘要本设计包括三个部分：一般部分、专题部分和翻译部分。一般部分为东坪煤矿1.5Mt/a新井设计。东坪煤矿位于山西省阳泉市管辖的盂县境内，交通便利。井田走向（东西）长约4.5km，倾向（南北）长约3.5km，总面积为13.5km2。主采煤层为15＃煤，煤层倾角为3~12，平均总厚度为8.1m。井田地质条件较为简单。井田工业储量为15214万t，可采储量为14855万t。矿井设计生产能力为1.5Mt/a。矿井服务年限为53.3a，涌水量不大，矿井正常涌水量为53.3m3/h，最大涌水量为93.3m3/h。矿井瓦斯相对涌出量为3.00m3/t，绝对涌出量为5.67m3/min，为低瓦斯矿井。井田开拓方式为立井单水平开拓。采用胶带输送机运煤，采用矿车进行辅助运输。矿井通风方式为中央并列式通风。矿井年工作日为330d，工作制度为“三八”制。一般部分共包括10章：1、矿区概述与地质特征；2、井田境界和储量；3、矿井工作制度、设计生产能力及服务年限；4、井田开拓；5、准备方式；6、采煤方法；7、井下运输；8、矿井提升；9、矿井通风与安全；10、设计矿井基本技术经济指标。专题部分题目是煤矿开采冒落区注浆充填量预计研究，主要是研究了煤矿各类冒落区注浆量的预计方法，以及影响采场冒落区注浆量的影响因素。提出了冒落区注浆量预计的新方法——伪注浆预计法，将此法的预计值作为注浆工程的理论预计值。翻译部分主要内容是关于用短壁开采的方式来回收煤柱方面的研究，英文题目为：Analysisandcontrolonanomalywaterinrushinroofoffully-mechanizedminingfield。关键词：立井；单水平；盘区；中央并列式通风ABSTRACTThisdesignincludesthreeparts:thegeneralpart,thespecialsubjectpartandthetranslationpart.ThegeneralpartisanewdesignforDongpingcoalmine.DongpingcoalmineislocatedinYuxianwhichcomeswithinthejurisdictionofYangquaninShandongprovince.Itisveryconvenienttogettothemineintermsofbothhighwayandrailway.Thelengthofthecoalfieldis4.5km,thewidthisabout3.6km，andthetotalareais13.5km2.Thefifteenthisthemaincoalseam,anditsdipangleis3~12degree.Thethicknessofthemineisabout8.1minall.Thegeologicstructureofthiscoalfieldissimple.Therecoverablereservesofthecoalfieldare152.14milliontons,andtheminablereservesare148.55milliontons.Thedesignedproductivecapacityis1.5milliontonspercentyear,andtheservicelifeofthemineis53.3years.Thenormalflowofthemineis53.3m3perhourandthemaxflowofthemineis93.3m3perhour.Therelativeminegasgushis3.00m3/tandtheabsolutegushis5.67m3/min,soitisalowgasmine.Themineisasinglelevelintwoshaftstodevelop.TecentrallanewayusesBeltConveyortotransitcoal,andtrolleywagonsareusedforaccessorialtransportationintheroadway.Theventilationmodeofthismineiscenterjuxtaposeform.The“three-eight”workingsystemisusedintheZhaizhenmine.Itproducesfor330daysayear.Thisdesignincludestenchapters:1.Anoutlineoftheminefieldgeology;2.Boundaryandthereservesofmine;3.Theservicelifeandworkingsystemofmine;4.developmentengineeringofcoalfield;5.Thelayoutofpanels;6.Themethodusedincoalmining;7.Undergroundtransportationofthemine;8.Theliftingofthemine;9.Theventilationandthesafetyoperationofthemine;10.Thebasiceconomicandtechnicalnormsofthedesignedmine.Specialsectiontopic:coalminingcavingzoneisexpectedofgroutingistostudyvariouscavingareasofcoalminecapacityisexpectedtogroutingmethods,andtheareaofgroutingcavingstopevolumefactors.CollapsedZoneproposednewmethodofgroutingisexpected-Pseudogroutingpredictionmethod,theestimatedvalueofthismethodasthetheoreticalexpectedvalueofgrouting.Translationpartisaboatcoalminepillarsbyshortwallmining.TheEnglishtitleis“Analysisandcontrolonanomalywaterinrushinroofoffully-mechanizedminingfield”.Keywords:Shaft;Singlelevel;Panel；Centerjuxtaposeventilation 中国矿业大学2011届本科生毕业设计 第页英文原文Analysisandcontrolonanomalywaterinrushinroofoffully-mechanizedminingfieldPengLinjuna,b,c,YangXiaojiea,c,SunXiaominga,caSchoolofMechanicsandCivilEngineering,ChinaUniversityofMining&Technology,Beijing100083,China bAcademicianPioneeringPark,DalianUniversity,Dalian116622,ChinacStateKeyLaboratoryofGeomechanicsandDeepUndergroundEngineering,ChinaUniversityofMining&Technology,Beijing100083,ChinaAbstract:Cavingofmineroofsfromwaterinrushduetoanomalouspressureisoneofthemajordisastersandaccidentsthatcanoccurinminesduringproduction.Roofwaterinrushcantriggerawiderangeofroofcollapse,causingmajoraccidentsfrombreakingroofsupportswhilecaving.Thesefailuresfloodwellsanddoagreatdealofdamagetominesandendangerminesafety.Ourobjectiveistoanalyzetheanomaliesofwaterinrushcrushingthesupportatthe#6301workingfaceintheJisanCoalMineoftheYanzhouMiningGroup.Throughinformationofwaterinrushtotheroof,damagecausedbytectonicmovements,informationonthedamagecausedbyroofcollapseandthetheoryaboutthedistributionofpressureinmineabutments,weadviceadjustingthelengthoftheworkingfaceandthepositionofopen-offcutrelativelytotherichwaterarea.Inthecaseofanomalousroofpressureweshoulddevelopastateequationtoestimatepreventivemeasureswith“transferringrockbeam”theory.Simultaneously,weimprovethecapacityofdrainageequipmentandensuredadequatewaterretentionatthestorehouse.Theseareallmajortechnologiestoensurethecontrolandpreventionagainstaccidentscausedbyanomalouswaterinrushinroofs,thusensuringsafetyintheproductionprocessofacoalmine.Keywords:Roof;Waterinrushpressure;Anomaly;Analysis;Control;abstract;Caving1.IntroductionBothdomesticandforeigninvestigatorspayconsiderableattentiontocoalminepressureanomaliesandobtainedvariousresults.However,becauseofthecomplexityofanomalouspressure,aswellasthemutabilityofsurroundingrockconditionscausedbycaving,anumberofdifficultiesareencounteredinbuildinganexactandsystematicmathematicalmechanicalmodel.Furthermore,becausegeologicalconditionsdifferconsiderablyinvariouspartsofacoalfieldandtherealityisverycomplex,wemustthereforeadoptanumberofdifferentmeasuresandmethodstopredictandmonitorgeologicalconditions,giventhatmanymethodshavetheirownlimitations.Theprocessofcalculationforthesupportofthesurroundingrocksummarizesthismechanism,thusperfectingthemethodofforecastingandmonitoring,formingafeasibleandefficientsystemforsafetyinproduction,ensuringsecurityandefficiencyatcoalminingfaces.Coalminepressureanomalies,showingupinfully-mechanizedcavingfields,asdynamicphenomenainterferingwithsafeproductionincoalmines,refertoanomalousrockpressureoccurringunderspecialconditions.Whenthemechanicalbalanceisbrokeninacoal(rock)bodyaroundacoalminingfield,itusuallyshowsupasdamagetothesupportsystem,asacrushedorsinkingrooflevelorasseverespalling,beforetheoccurrenceofriskyleaksandultimatelycoalandgasoutbursts.Whenrockpressureappearsasanomalies,itoftenresultsindamagetoequipment,significantlossofcoalresourcesandformingsimultaneouslysignificantsecurityrisks,whichincoalminesmayleadtodevastatingconsequences.Inrecentyears,alargenumberofminepressureanomaliesoccurredinfully-mechanizedcavingminesinChina’sYanzhouandXuzhouminingareas,causingconsiderableeconomiclossestocoalcompanies.Therefore,furthersystematicstudyofthestructureandmovementoftheoverlyingrockinfully-mechanizedcavingmines,mayrevealthebehaviorofminepressureanomalies,discovertheconditionsunderwhichtheseanomaliesoccur,findmethodstoforecastandpreventthem,inordertoachievesafetyandefficientproduction.2.CoalseamconditionsandstructureofoverlyingrockTheJisanCoalMineislocatedinasuburbofJiningcity,wheretheminingareaisabout110km2.Geologicalreservesof880milliontons,industrialreservesof800milliontons,andrecoverablereservesof530milliontonshavebeenconfirmed.The#3coallayerhas400milliontonsofcoal,accountingfor75.5%ofrecoverablereserves.ThesecoalstrataarepartofthePermianShanxiFormationandtheCarboniferousTaiyuan,witheightlayersoflocallyaccessiblecoalandanaveragethicknessof10.44m.Themajorrecoverablecoalisfoundinthe3up,3downlayerwithanaveragethicknessof6.21m.Thegeologicalconditionoftheminingareaisasimplemiddlestructure.Themainnorthesouthnormalfaultisapparentlyregular,withmostoftheeastrisingandthewestfalling.Also,therearefaultsshowingthedevelopmentofeastewestwiththeeastandsoutheastdippinggently,generallyatslopeslessthan5°,andgentlechangesintheirwrinklytrend.Deeperdipstowardthewestandsouthwesthaveslopesbetween5°and9°.Themineisexpectedtodischarge516m3/hofcoalwater.Thekeylayer,affectinganomaliesinwaterinrushfromtheroofintheworkingfaces,isthefollowinglayerofthesecondrockbeam,i.e.M5siltstone,6.5mthick,andadetailedroofrockstructureisshowninTable1.Table1.Profileofcaveminingfaceofastoperoof.No.LithologyThicknessoflayer(m)Depth（m）RoofstructureThickness（m）StepC0C。。。。11.20639。。。4.20。。3.80M5。。。。6.50FollowinglayerThesecondrockbeam16.56020M4。。10.00Supportlayer。。。。M3。。。。9.00FollowinglayerThefirstrockbeam28.08227。。。。M2。。19.00SupportlayerContinuedTable1。。。。。。M17.00Immediateroof7.0M7.066853.AnalysisofroofwaterinrushpressurecausinganomalouscrushingsupportsThemainreasonsforthefivewaterinrushaccidentswhichfloodedthe#6301workingfaceofJisanaretwofold:1)theoverlyingstratumcontainswater;accordingtodrillingdatafromthesurfaceandaudio-frequencyelectricalpenetrationatthisworkingface,therearefourwater-richareasabovetheface,locatedatbothendsandthemiddle.Moreover,water-richJurassicstrataarefoundat193mabovetheroofof3downcoalseam.2)Largeareaofmainroofcaving,breaklinesextendingtooverlyingaquifers,aswellasfaultsintheworkingface;withtheinitialfaceexposed,waterisshowingupalongthefaultplane;withworkingfaceadvancing,theexposedfaultlengthalsoincreases,resultinginacontinuouslyincreasingwaterinrush.Therefore,thebreaklinescommunicatefaultstothewater-richfaultzonesasshowninFig.1.Fig.1#6301workingfacefloodingaccident.3.1.Reasonsofroofwaterinrushanomaliescrushingsupport1)Thesupportforceresistingpressureisinsufficientagainstroofconvergence(supportisworkingunderagivendeformationstatus).2)Pressureontheroofrockbeamsisexcessive;supportloadbearingcapacitycannotmeettheconditionstomainroofconvergence(tothegivendeformationstatus),i.e.,roofconvergenceexceedsthemaximumvalueofnominalyieldofsupport3.2.Conditionsofoccurrenceofroofwaterinrushanomaliescrushingsupports1)Withprogressivefaceadvance,theoverlyingrocklayerisincommunicationwiththewater-richsandstonelayerwhichcausesincreaseinthethicknessofsimultaneouslymovingmainroof,decreaseinmainroofspanlength,andincreaseinroofpressure;2)Thedepthofroofbreaklinesfromthefrontwallincreases,causingdecreaseinthethicknessofimmediateroof;3)Theimmediateroofisthinwhichincreasestheroofefloorconvergence;4)Themainroofis,ingeneral,verythick,anditiseasytoformalargecantileverbeamspace,causinganimpactonthemainroofdynamicpressurewhenroofcaving.3.3.Structuralmodelofroofwaterinrushcausedbyanomalies1)Ina“givendeformation”condition,theroofconvergenceisdeterminedbythepositionofafree-fallingrockbeamcontactingthefloorinthegobshowninFig.2,i.e.,△hT=△hA。Where(1)（2)Fig.2Structuralmodelofawaterinrushaccidentofafully-mechanizedcavingmine.2)RelationshipbetweenroofwaterinrushandmovementofoverlyingrockstrataInacaseofagivenopen-offcutpositionandthelengthoftheworkingface,thebrokenrockstratamayreachtorockaquifer,especiallywater-richregion,withprogressivefaceadvance.Whentheaquiferisparalleltotheseam,asinFig.3,thepossibilityoffloodingandrelatedparametersofthemodelcanbedetermined.WhereListheadvancestepattheworkingface;Lolengthofworkingface;LBwater-richareainrockstratumofwateropen-offcutlocation;Lhcenterofbreakingrocks(breakingarch)cutfromthebottomposition;hheightofbrokenrockstratum;Hheightofwaterinrockstratum;andBwidthofwater-richzone.Fig.3Forecastinggraphofpossiblepermeability.3.4.Supportconditionsin#6301workingfaceandtheactualeffectsofroofcontrolduringfloodAccordingtotheanalysisofthefirstroofwaterinrushaccident,thepressurecrushedthesupportofthe#6301workingface,whenitadvanced613m,increasedthevolumeofthewateratthefaceto50m3/h,floodingthecoalmineandthegobarea.Withtheworkingadvancing,abigbangabovethefacewasheard(thesoundofmainroofbreaking)andthevolumeofwateratthefaceincreasedto327m3/h,withamaximumvolumeof350m3/h.Thiscausedsomeofthetemporaryelectricalstationstobeinundatedandworkatthefacewasforcedtostop.Theroofsuddenlybrokeandsunk,thesupportsof#11-67werecrushedattheface.Whenwatersuddenlyfloodedtheworkingfaceandtheamountofwaterincreasedconsiderably,thecapacityofthepumpoftheintegrateddrainagesystemwasinsufficient,resultinginanamountofwater2mdeepattheface.Atthestart,largevolumesofwaterweredischargedintheroadway.Slurrywater,coalandotherdebrisfloodedintoairtightwall,closedtheoutlet,andappeareddangeroussituationduetohighwaterpressure.Peakdischargelastedfivedays,thewaterinflowcontinuedforsevendays,andtheentirewatergushingprocesslasted41days.Thepositionofwaterinflowisatthelocationofmainroofperiodiccaving.Inagivengeo-miningconditioninthiscase,structuralparametersarecalculatedbyusingstructuralmechanicmodelstoassessthesupportrequirementinthefollowing.Whentheminingdepthisabout700m,thecoalseamis7m,thelengthoftheworkingface200mandafter200madvance,thefrontdistanceofSMisabout20m.FromEq.(3),wehavethefollowingresults:Thebreakingdistancefromthefrontwalloffaceatthelowerrockbeamis:(3)Thelowerlimitofsupportcapacity:(4)Theupperlimitofsupportcapacity:(5)Thelowerlimitofsupportresistance:(6)Theupperlimitofsupportresistance:(7)Underconditionsofroofwaterinrushwhentheworkingfaceisstop,thelargestroofconvergence(hd=0)(8)ThecurrentsupportworkingresistanceisRT=6200kN,maximumconvergenceis3max?1000mm.Obviously,thesupportresistance(RT=6200kN)islessthanthe“givendeformation”ofthemaximumresistanceforce(RT=9975kN)required.Asaresult,thesupportsystemwillworkinastateof“givendeformation”.Ifthereisnofloorcoalleft(hd=0)ornomeasuresaretakentospeedupthefaceadvance,collapseofthefacesupportswilloccurandresultinmoreseriousfloodinghazard.Iftheadvanceoffaceisfast,i.e.,letS0?0,theconvergenceoffaceiscontrolledintherangeof△hA=0.8M,collapseofthefacesupportscanbeavoidedaslongasthecuttingheightisadequate.4.ConclusionsTheanomalouspressureintheworkingfaceandwaterinrushccurred,causedbygeologicalfactorsfirst,theoverburdenaquifersthemainfactor.Strengtheningofforecasttechnologyandaccurateredictionofthe“twozone”developedheightisneeded.ccordingtoadetailedhydro-geologicalreport,adegreeofommunicationbetweenaworkingfaceandtheamountofwaternrocklayersneedstobedetermined.Wecandrawthefollowingonclusions:1)Beforemainroofperiodiccavingoccurs,beginusingnotopcoalavingadvancemethod,untilthemainroofcavinginordertoakesurethatthemainroofhasenoughcushionstoreducetheheightoftheultimateconvergence.2)Beforemainroofcaving,ensurethelargestcuttingheight.Supportmustbemaintainedaslongaspossibleatahighlevelcollapseofthefacesupportsinordertomaintainthemaximumlegconvergencetoreducethepossibilityofsupportclosure.3)Inacaseofgivenlengthoftheface,thescopeoftheoverlyingstrata,includingthethicknessofboththeimmediateandthemainroofaswellastheheightofthepermeablefracturezone.Thespanofmainfallandperiodiccavinglocationmayfallintothefracturedzoneoftheaquiferundertheactionofgravity.4)Informationonthedistributionoftheabutmentpressurefocusedonthewidthcausedby“internalstressfield”aroundthewallsoftheworkingface.5)Reasonableselectionandtransformationofsupport.Inordertopreventthecollapseofsupportsduetoroofcaving,wecanselectpropersupportandincreasethecaliberofsafetyvalvestoadjusttherapidyieldvalverequirementforsafeworkingofthesupport.Inshort,scientificmanagement,overallarrangements,organizinghighlyefficientproductionandacceleratingthespeedoffaceadvancearerequired.Rockstratafailureandmovementneedsatimeperiod,wecanacceleratefaceadvancewherepressureanomaliesmayappear,thentherooffallsmayoccurinthegobtoavoidoccurrenceofpressureanomalies.AcknowledgementsThisresearchissponsoredbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.50874021),theProgramforNewCenturyExcellentTalentsinUniversity(No.NCET-08-0833),andtheProgramforChangjiangScholarsandInnovativeResearchTeaminUniversity(No.IRT0656)oftheMinistryofEducationofChina.WethanktheJisanCoalMineoftheYanzhouCoalMineGroupforprovidingagoodresearchenvironmentforthisproject,andwethankthegroupsofresearchersfortheirhardwork.

中文译文综采工作面顶板突水的分析与控制彭林俊a,b,c杨晓杰a,c孙晓明a,ca中国矿业大学（北京）力建学院，中国北京100083； b大连理工大学学者创业园，中国大连116622；c中国矿业大学（北京）岩土力学地下工程国家重点实验室，中国北京100083；摘要：压力异常造成的顶板突水是煤矿生产个过程当中造成灾害的主要因素之一。顶板突水会引起大面积的顶板垮落，在顶板破碎支撑开采中会造成严重的灾害。突出的水会造成淹井事故并对矿井安全造成危害。本篇旨在分析兖州煤业集团济宁三号矿6301工作面的异常突水对支护的影响。通过对地质运动造成的顶板突水以及根据矿业理论顶板垮落的危害的信息分析，我们建议参考富水区调整工作面长度和开切眼的位置.若遇到顶板压力异常的情况，我们应该根据“岩梁理论”建立。同时改善排水系统的排水能力并保证水仓有适当的存留量。通过这些，我们就能对顶板水突出做好防治的工作，进而确保煤矿的安全生产。关键词：顶板；突水压力；异常；分析；控制1.引言国内外有诸多学者对矿压做了大量研究并得出了丰硕的成果。但是，矿压的的不规律性和由开采引起的围岩条件的多变性使得建立一个系统、科学、准确的力学模型变的非常困难。此外，现实中一块煤田的不同区域的地质条件也不尽相同，非常复杂。同时考虑到各种研究方法的局限性，所以我们必须用很多种不同的方法去预测和检测地质条件。对围岩支护数据的计算分析，完善了预测和检测方法，从而形成了一个能确保工作面安全，高效生产的合理的检测、预测系统。综采放顶煤工作面的矿压显现一般是在压力异常的情况下发生的，以动态的形式影响工作面正常、安全生产。围岩的力学平衡被破坏，从而导致支护系统失稳，顶板破碎坍塌，最终引发煤与瓦斯突出。矿压显现的不规律不仅破坏工作面设备，造成煤炭资源的损失，而且会威胁到人的生命安全，甚至有可能引发一场灾难。近些年，在兖州和徐州矿区的很多矿井出现冲击矿压，给煤矿企业造成了很大的经济损失。因此，对综采工作面围岩结构和运动的近一步研究，可以揭示矿压显现的规律性，从而找到在采煤过程中预防或防止冲击矿压的发生的方法，以达到安全高效生产的目的。2.煤层地质条件以及上覆岩层结构在位于济宁市郊区济三煤矿，矿区面积约110平方公里，地质储量为8.8亿吨，工业储量8.00亿吨，可采储量5.3亿吨。3号煤层储量4亿吨，占整个矿井可采储量的75.5%。这些煤层是二叠系山西组和石炭系太原组的一部分，共有八层煤，平均厚度为10.44米。主要可收回煤炭是3上，3下层，平均厚度为6.21米。矿区中央是一条南北走向的大断层，造成东面地势上升，西面地势下降。另外还有一些东西走向的小断层。在煤田的东面和东南方向是比较平缓的，大部分煤层倾角小于5°，在有褶皱的地方角度有比较平缓的变化。较深的向斜结构向西和西南方向延伸，角度在5°到9°之间。矿井预计排水量516m3/h。关键层是地表以下第二岩梁，即M5的粉砂岩，6.5米厚。影响着工作面顶板的突水，详细顶板岩石结构见表13.水引起的主要支护系统破坏分析济三矿曾发生5次水淹6301工作面的事故，其主要原因分为两方面：（1）在上部岩层中有含水层；据钻井和工作面音频探测，发现地表有四个水积聚区，分别在煤层所对应地表的两端和中间。此外，在3下煤层顶板的上方193m处发现有含水丰富的侏罗纪地层。表1工作面垮落岩层概况序号岩性岩层厚度（m）深度（m）顶板结构最大厚度（m）StepC0C。。。。11.20639。。。4.20。。3.80M5。。。。6.50FollowinglayerThesecondrockbeam16.56020M4。。10.00Supportlayer。。。。M3。。。。9.00FollowinglayerThefirstrockbeam28.08227。。。。M2。。19.00Supportlayer。。。。。。M17.00直接顶7.0M7.06685（2）大面积老顶冒落，裂隙带和工作面断层延伸到上覆含水层。当工作面推进过程中，刚刚接触断层时，水沿断层缓慢流下来。随着工作面的不断推进，断层暴露长度也随之增加，造成工作面持续突水。由此得出，裂隙带是连接富水断层和断层之间的纽带。如图1所示图16301工作面突水事故3.1.顶板突水造成支架受损的原因（1）顶回转时，支架的工作阻力远远不够的（支架只能在一定变形范围内才能正常工作）。（2）板的压力过大；支架不能适应老顶的回转（在一定变形范围内），也就是说，老顶的回转是造成支架损坏最主要的原因。3.2.顶板突水损坏支架的条件（1）作面的不断推进，上覆岩层与含水砂岩导通，使得工作面整个的上覆岩层密度增加，顶板压力大幅增加，老顶跨落步距减小。（2）方裂隙带的加深，导致直接顶变薄（3）接顶变薄使得老顶回转量增加。 （4）顶一般是比较厚而且坚硬的岩石，随着工作面的推进，老顶能够形成悬臂梁结构。当顶板冒落时，悬臂梁会被上部岩层的重量压断。3.3常引发的突水结构模型（1）形确定条件下，顶板的集中应力的大小是由采空区岩梁接触点的位置决定的。如图2所示，也就是说△hT=△hA。图2工作面坍塌引发突水事故的结构模型其中 (1)（2)（2）板突水和上覆岩层移动的关系 在一个给定开切眼位置和工作面长度的情况下，随着工作面的逐渐推进，上覆岩石的裂隙带会与含水砂岩导通，尤其是在富水区域。如图3当富水区域与裂隙带沟通时，突水可能性以及相应的模型参数就可以被确定。其中L是周期跨落步距；L0是工作面长度；LB是开切眼到富水区之间的水平距离；Lh是开切眼到岩石拱形结构破裂点的水平距离；h是破碎岩层的高度；H是富水区域距煤层底板的垂直距离；B是富水区域的宽度图3可能发生水渗透的预测图3.4.突水时，6301工作面的支护状况和顶板控制实际效果根据首次板突水事故分析，当6301工作面推进了613米时，顶板压力压坏了工作面的支架，工作面涌水量达到50m3/h。随着工作继续推进，工作面上方听到明显的岩层断裂的声音（即老顶断裂），接着工作面的涌水量增加到327m3/h，最大的时候达到350m3/h。移动变电站被淹没，工作面对被迫停止采煤。顶板突然下沉，把11-67号支架全部压坏。涌水量突然急剧增加，水泵的排量是远远不够的，导致工作面积聚了2m深的水