Unit1CulturalHeritageDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件-高中英语人教版（2019）-1

定语从句总复习Unit1CulturalHeritageThere

comesatime_______theoldmustgivewaytothenew.Waterfromthedamwouldlikelydamageanumberoftemplesanddestroyculturalrelics_____wereanimportantpartofEgypt'sculturalheritage.Afterlisteningtothescientists_____hadstudiedtheproblem,andcitizens_____livednearthedam,...Temples...andthenmovedandputbacktogetheragaininaplace_______theyweresafefromthewater.Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuture______didnotrunovertherelicsofthepast......byUNESCO,whichrunsaprogramme_____preventworldculturalheritagesitesaroundtheworldfromdisappearing.Readandfillintheblanksandcheckthem.whenthatwhowhowherethatthatLead-in第章1定语从句的定义第章2关系代词和关系副词的用法第章3介词+关系代词的用法第章4非限制性定语从句Contents(=ofwhich)(=ofwhom)定语从句定义结构在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子,作用相当于形容词从句先行词关系词关系词关系代词关系副词指人who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)Review=介词+which类型限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句(关系词前有,)指物that(主语、宾语)，which(主语、宾语)，whose(定语)Templesandotherculturalsitesweretakendownpiecebypiece,andthenmovedandputtogetheragaininaplacewheretheyweresafefromthewater.

一个免被水淹的地方关系副词引导的定语从句ThetemplesTheNileObserveandanalyzeP6Waterfromthedamwouldlikelydamageanumberoftemplesanddestroyculturalrelics

thatwereanimportantpartofEgypt'sculturalheritage.大坝流出的水可能会损坏一些寺庙，并摧毁很多作为埃及文化遗产重要组成部分的文物。关系代词引导的定语从句Afterlisteningtothescientists①whohadstudiedtheproblemandcitizens②

wholivednearthedam,thegovernmentturnedtotheUnitedNationsforhelp.①研究了这个问题的科学家②住在大坝附近的民众关系代词引导的定语从句scientistscitizensObserveandanalyzeThespititoftheAswanDamisstillalivetoday.PerhapsthebestexampleisshownbytheUNESCO,whichrunsaprogrammethatpreventsworldculturalheritagesitesaroundtheworldfromdisappearing.联合国教科文组织，该组织实施了一项计划非限制性定语从句thatwhich先行词是人\物---在从句中充当主\宾先行词是物---在从句中充当主\宾关系代词Hefinallyworkedouttheproblem

______________

puzzledhimfora

longtime.他最后解出了这个令他困惑很久的问题。Thefish

(______________)

weboughtyesterday

werenotfresh.我们昨天买的鱼不新鲜。that\whichthat\which1.关系代词的用法之that\which作宾语可以省略用法区别1.

当先行词是all,(a)little,(a)few,much,something,anything，everything,nothing,some等不定代词或者被all,any,much,few,little,no等词修饰时。在下列情况下，关系词用that而不用which。2.当先行词有序数词、形容词最高级时。3.当先行词被thevery/exact(确切的)/only/same/last修饰时。4.当先行词前以who,which等疑问代词开头时。5.当先行词既有人，又有物时。1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld______canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?thatthatthatthatthatthat区分that和whichHe

_________doesnotreachtheGreatWall

isnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。Thisisthefamousscientist

(_____________)

wevisitedlastweek.这就是我们上周拜访的那位著名科学家。关系代词2.关系代词的用法之who\whomwhowhom先行词是人---在从句中充当主\宾先行词是人---在从句中充当宾whowho/whomSummary作宾语可以省略whoseas先行词是人\物---在从句中定语修饰句子-正如关系代词3.关系代词的用法之whose\asTheyrushedovertohelptheman

____________carbrokedown.他们跑过去帮助那个汽车抛锚的人。Thereisamountain

______________

topisalwayscoveredwithsnow.有一座山顶常年被雪覆盖的山。_____everyoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.正如每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。whosewhoseAs=ofwhich(物)/whom(人)关系代词whose的用法1)Achild________parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.(孤儿)2)Theyliveinahouse,___________windowsfacesouth.

whose在从句中作定语,修饰人或物，意为“……的”，

whose+名词可换作

the+名词+ofwhom/whichwhosewhoseTheyliveinahouse,___________thewindowsfacesouth.Theyliveinahouse,thewindows___________facesouth.ofwhichofwhich代词/名词/数词/形容词最高级/介词短语+of+关系代词1.Theylivedinatallbuilding,infrontof

stoodabigtree.2.Therearemorethan50studentsinmyclass,26of

aregirls.3.Hisfamilymembersdon’tlikethesecond-handcar,thepriceof

isveryhigh.4.Itisreportedthattwoschools,bothof

arebeingbuilt,willopennextyear.5.WhenwesternpeopletalkaboutthecitiesofChina,thefirstof

comestotheirmindsisBeijing.whichwhomwhichwhichwhichＡs的用法关系代词as在非限制性定语从句中指代整件事，充当从句中的主语或者宾语，翻译为“正如”。1.Asisknowntoall,youhavegot2prizesinthesportsmeeting.2.Asweallknow,QianXuesenisafamousscientist.3.Asisexpected,hemarriedHelen.As引导限制性定语从句时，经常和thesame,such,as一起搭配使用，共同构成一个固定词组。as既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。不能省略。Shehas

thesame

bookasyouhave.I’veneverseenso

cleveramanasheis.先行词关系词在从句中的成分表时间when=on/in/at/duringwhich状语表地点where=in/atwhich表原因why=forwhich4.关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句Pleaseleavethebookattheplacewhereitwas.July,whenwecangohomeforarest,iscomingsoon.Thisisthereasonwhyhecried.inwhichinwhichforwhich

抽象地点名词+关系副词where先行词是case(情况；案例),area(区域；领域),stage(阶段),point(地步),situation(形势；处境),atmosphere(氛围),condition(状态)等抽象地点名词时。1.I’vecometothepoint______Ican’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituation______awarwillbreakoutatanytime.国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。whereThisisthereason___________________hewent.Thereason_______________hegaveuswasquitereasonable.when,where,why与that,which的区分先行词在作状语时用when，where或why先行词在作主语或宾语时，要用which或thatThisistheplace_______________wevisitedlastyear.Thisistheplace_____________heworks.Thatwasthetime_________hearrived.Doyoustillrememberthetime_______________wespenttogether?（which/that）

wherewhenthat/whichwhy/forwhichthat/which+完整句子（主语+谓语动词）需充当成分ReviewofAttributiveClause：

关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句时,关系副词也可用“介词+关系代词(whom/which)”代替

whomwhich

当先行词是物时，用介词+which引导定语从句，例如：

Thisisashortstorybookfrom______Ilearnedalot.Doyouknowthegirlwith________ourteacheristalking?

当先行词是人时，用介词+whom引导定语从句，例如：介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。一先：根据先行词的搭配习惯来确定。二动：根据从句中谓语动词,形容词的搭配习惯来确定。三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。Preposition+RelativePronoun：

介词的选择Ⅰ(1)YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLake___________Hangzhouisfamous.(2)Heisthestudent___________weshouldlearn.1.与从句中的谓语动词或形容词搭配forwhichfromwhomPreposition+RelativePronoun：

介词的选择ⅡIcan’tremembertheage_________hewontheprize.Irememberthedays____________Ilivedhere.Idon’tliketheway

in

which/that/不填hespeaks.2.与先行词搭配注意：way(方式)为先行词，且关系词在从句中作状语时，定语从句的引导词用inwhich或that或省略。duringwhichatwhichPreposition+RelativePronoun：

介词的选择ⅢThisisthepilot_________mybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.Thisisthepilot___________mysonwassaved.Thisisthepen_________Iwrotethelettertomyfriend.Thegirl_________wetalkedjustnowisournewmonitor.3.看句意看前看后看意思withwhombywhomwithwhichaboutwhom1.Beijingistheplace_______________Iwasborn.2.Isthisthereason______________herefusedouroffer?3.Iwillneverforgettheday______________Ifirstmetyouontheseashore.4.Thisistherock___________theboyfelldownintothesea.5.Thefilmstar___________wetalkedalotyesterdaywillgiveusaspeechtomorrow.6.TheWestLake_________Hangzhouisknownintheworldwillbemorebeautiful.7.Thesubject________XiaoWangisgoodisphysics.inwhichforwhichonwhichFillintheblanks.fromwhichaboutwhomforwhichatwhich8.Thereason_________hecouldnotgotherewasthathisgradeswastoolow.9.Theprofessor__________Mr.Smithshookhandsyesterdayhasmadenewdiscoveriesinscience.10.Couldyoutellmetheday________youarrived?11.Iwilltreasurethedays______________Ilivedhere.withwhomonwhichduringwhichforwhich判断句子是否为定语从句划出先行词将先行词代入从句，看它在从句中所担任的成分根据先行词在从句中所作成分，得出关系词关系词的确定1.Thatistheboy______motherisafamousmusician.3.Thehouse__________theybuiltin1987wasdestroyedintheearthquake.2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople________losttheirhomesinthe1906earthquake.that/who(which/that)whose4.I’llneverforgettheday_____(=___which)Iwasborn.5.Ivisitedthehouse_____(=__which)LuXunoncelived.6.Thereason_____(=___which)hegotworriedwasthis.when

onwhereinwhyfor231区分限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句:与主句之间无逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句:与主句之间有逗号隔开。限制性定语从句:可以修饰名词或代词；

非限制性定语从句:可以修饰名词或代词,也可以修饰整个句子,限制性定语从句:关系代词作宾语时可以省略；非限制性定语从句:

所有关系词都不可省略。不可使用that，why(应使用forwhich）用法区别在下列情况下，关系代词只能用which。1.

介词前置时，关系代词只能用which2.引导非限制性定语从句,紧跟着逗号，修饰某物或整个句子时，只能用whichTheweatherturnedouttobeverygood,which

wasmorethanIhadexpected.

Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.Sheisagreathero,as

isdescribedinthereport.Heinvitedmetodinner,whichmademeveryhappy.Thisnovel,which

Ihavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的位置不同:as引导的定语从句可置于___________________，而which引导的非限制性定语从句不可放在_______________________________。(2)as引导的定语从句有“______________的意思，而which指“_________”句首、句中句首，只能放在句中正如…….这…….as和

which引导非限制性定语从句的区别

as常见搭配asweknowasyouknowasisexpectedasweexpectedashasbeenmentionedaboveasisreported/saidasafamoussayinggoesasispointedoutasyoucansee=ascanbeseenasisoftenthecase众所周知正如你所知道的那样正如所预料的那样正如我们所期待的正如上面所提到的正如报道/所说的那样正如一句谚语所说正如指出的正如你所看见的

情况通常如此①正如大家所看到的那样，她工作一直很努力。Sheisalwaysworkinghard，____everyonecansee.②这本书很有教育意义，是我昨天买的。Thebook，______Iboughtyesterday,isveryinstructive.③她的诚实是大家有目共睹的。______everyonecansee,sheishonest.=Sheishonest，_______everyonecansee.④众所周知，吸烟有害健康。______weallknow，smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.⑤汤姆突然病倒了，这让我们很伤心。Tomsuddenlyfellill，_______madeusverysad.aswhichAsasAswhich(2)Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.(3)Theirchildisatthestage________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.

(4)Doyouknowtheman______spokeatthemeetingjustnow?(5)Thetrain____________hasjustleftisforShenzhen.whenwherewhowhich/that(1)Igrewupinasmallvillage________everybodyknewme.whereExercise用正确的关系代词或关系副词补全句子。(6)Oneafternoon________Iwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.(7)Thelittleproblems__________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.

(8)Thereason______heresignedwasthathedidn’tgetonwellwiththeboss.whenthat/whichwhy(9)Ivisitedthevillage________manychildrencouldn’tgotoschoolbecauseofpoverty.我参观了因为贫困很多孩子不能上学的村庄。(10)Ivisitedthevillage_____________isfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.我参观了因美丽的景色而闻名的村庄。wherewhich/that11．Thenumberofsmokers，___________isreported，hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.12．Myfriendshowedmearoundthetown,___________wasverykindofhim.13．Weliveinanage________moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.14．Salesdirectorisaposition___________communicationabilityisjustasimportantassales.15．—Whataboutthemealatthedinnerpartyyesterday,Bob?—Oh,itwasthebestone___________Ihadeverhad.

aswhichwhenwhere(that)16.Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,___________hassurprisedusall.17.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea，___________urgentlyneededcleanwater，medicineandsheltertosurvive.18.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,________theaudiencecanbuyice­cream.19.Alotoflanguagelearning,____hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.whichwhowhenas20.Thehouse________Igrewuphasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.21.Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,________usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.22.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse’sfault.23.Women_____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose______don’t.24.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof________lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.25.Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof________arehealthy.wherewhichthatwhowhomwhomwho1.Heshowedmeaphotoinhisroom.ItwasaphotoofafamousculturalrelicinEgypt.

Thephoto____________________________________________________________.2.TheprojectteamhelpedprotectthenationalparksintheUnitedRepublicofTanzania.Itwasfomedbymembersfromfifteencountries.