话题科学与技术

主题二人与社会话题十二科学与技术主题课标话题子话题Units人与社会科学与技术科学与技术8A

Unit

3

Computers8A

Unit

4

Inventions8B

Unit

8

Life

in

the

future【重点词汇】1.

order

v.订货；订购2.

compare

v.比较；对比3.

control

v.操纵；控制（机器或系统等）4.

expensive

adj.昂贵的；价格高的5.

tiny

adj.极小的；微小的6.

speed

n.速度7.

operate

v.操作；控制8.

sell

v.出售；售卖9.

depend

v.依靠；依赖10.

company

n.公司11.

popular

adj.受喜爱的；受欢迎的12.

advertisement

n.广告13.

create

v.创造；创作14.

comfortable

adj.使人舒服的；舒适的15.

century

n.世纪16.

invent

v.发明；创造17.

present

n.目前；现在18.

certainly

adv.无疑；肯定；当然19.

relax

v.放松；休息一、用左边所给单词的适当形式填空。1.

The

new

teacher

is

very

with

the

students

because

she

always

listens

to

their

opinions.2.

After

a

long

day

of

studying，

I

like

to

listen

to

music

to

myself.3.

The

sofa

in

the

living

room

is

very

to

sit

on.

I

like

it

very

much.4.

Our

success

in

the

competition

on

how

well

we

prepare.5.

Could

you

this

new

book

with

the

one

I

have

read？6.

She

works

for

a

large

technology

⁠.7.

The

remote

allows

you

to

switch

channels.popular

relax

comfortable

depends

compare

company

control

8.

The

for

the

new

smartphone

was

very

exciting.9.

Edison

the

light

bulb.10.

He

looks

tired

after

working

all

night.advertisement

invented

certainly

【重点短语】1.

work

as从事……工作2.

（be）

unaware

of没意识到；未察觉3.

prepare

for准备4.

depend

on依靠5.

in

addition除……以外（还）6.

look

forward

to盼望；期待7.

be

short

of缺少8.

bad

effect坏的影响9.

keep

in

touch

with与……保持联系10.

instead

of代替；作为……的替换11.

in

the

present现在12.

on

the

Internet在互联网上13.

recommend...to...向……推荐……14.

mean

to

do

sth.打算做某事15.

a

new

type

of一种新种类二、用左边所给短语的适当形式填空。1.

Regular

exercise

is

good

for

health.

⁠

，

it

can

also

help

reduce

stress.2.

The

success

of

the

project

⁠

everyone’s

hard

work

and

cooperation.3.

We

are

all

meeting

ourfavourite

singer

at

the

concert

tonight.4.

They

have

been

busy

theupcoming

exam

since

last

month.In

addition

depends

on

looking

forward

to

preparing

for

5.

Many

people

are

still

the

potential

dangers

of

excessive

screen

time.6.

Smoking

has

a

on

people’s

health，

so

it’s

better

to

quit

it

as

soon

as

possible.7.

She

used

to

a

teacher

in

a

small

village

school

before

moving

to

the

city.8.

The

local

hospital

qualifieddoctors，

which

affects

the

quality

of

medical

service.unaware

of

bad

effect

work

as

is

short

of

【词形转换】1.

compare

v.比较

comparison

n.比较2.

dependent

adj.依靠的；依赖的

independent

adj.独立的independently

adv.独立地3.

calculate

v.计算calculator

n.计算器calculation

n.计算4.

operate

v.操作；控制

operation

n.操作；手术5.

careful

adj.仔细的

carefully

adv.仔细地6.

aware

adj.意识到的

unaware

adj.未意识到的7.

health

n.健康healthy

adj.健康的unhealthy

adj.不健康的8.

price

n.价格

priceless

adj.无价的9.

popular

adj.受欢迎的

popularity

n.流行；普及10.

advertise

v.做广告

advertisement

n.广告11.

create

v.创造creative

adj.创造性的creativity

n.创造力creature

n.生物creator1n.创造者12.

comfort

v.安慰n.舒适；安慰

comfortable

adj.舒服的comfortably

adv.舒服地13.

distant

adj.遥远的

distance

n.距离14.

develop

v.开发；研制

developing

adj.发展中的developed

adj.发达的

developmentn.发展15.

practice

n.训练

practical

adj.实践的

practically

adv.实际上16.

apologize

v.道歉

apology

n.道歉17.

wide

adj.宽的

width

n.宽度

widely

adv.广泛地18.

recent

adj.近来的

recently

adv.最近19.

satisfy

v.使满意

satisfied

adj.满意的

satisfactory

adj.令人满意的20.

prepare

v.使（自己）有准备

prepared

adj.准备好preparation

n.准备21.

mix

v.（使）混合

mixture

n.混合物三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.

It’s

important

to

make

a

（compare）

between

the

two

products

before

buying.2.

Teenagers

should

learn

to

be

（dependent）

instead

of

relying

on

their

parents.3.

You

can

use

a

（calculate）

to

solve

this

difficult

maths

problem

quickly.4.

The

doctor

will

perform

an

（operate）

on

the

patient

tomorrow

morning.comparison

independent

calculator

operation

5.

Please

read

the

instructions

（careful）

before

using

the

machine.6.

She

was

（aware）

of

the

danger

until

her

friend

warned

her.7.

Eating

more

vegetables

is

good

for

our

（health）.8.

The

painting

in

the

museum

is

（price）

and

has

a

long

history.9.

The

（popular）

of

online

shopping

has

increased

a

lot

in

recent

years.10.

We

saw

a

new

（advertise）

for

the

latest

smartphone

on

TV

last

night.carefully

unaware

health

priceless

popularity

advertisement

11.

Children

are

usually

very

（create）

and

have

many

interesting

ideas.12.

My

grandparents

live

（comfortable）

in

their

new

house

in

the

countryside.13.

The

（distant）

between

my

home

and

school

is

about

two

kilometres.14.

With

the

（develop）

of

technology，

our

life

is

becoming

better

and

better.15.

He

made

an

（apologize）

to

his

teacher

for

being

late

for

class

this

morning.creative

comfortably

distance

development

apology

【重点句型】1.

There

is

probably

one

inside

your

TV

or

washing

machine.你的电视或洗衣

机里可能有一个这样的（设备）。2.

They

can

calculate

at

a

faster

speed

than

we

can

and

almost

never

give

wrong

answers.它们的计算速度比我们更快，而且几乎不会给出错

误的答案。3.

Without

the

wheel，

we

would

not

have

these

inventions.如果没有轮子，

我们就不会有这些发明。4.

I’ll

give

you

some

advice

on

how

to

use

computers

correctly.我会给你一些

关于正确使用电脑的建议。5.

They

help

people

live

a

better

life.它们帮助人们过上更好的生活。6.

They

allow

people

to

keep

in

touch

with

each

other

anytime，

anywhere.

它们允许人们无论何时何地都能彼此保持联系。7.

With

light

bulbs，

people

can

do

as

many

things

in

the

evenings

as

they

can

in

the

daytime.有了灯泡后，人们在晚上也能和白天一样干许多事情。8.

Can

you

imagine

living

without

them？你能想象没有它们的生活吗？9.

It

is

in

the

shape

of

a

whale.它是鲸鱼的形状。10.

These

houses

are

both

“green”

and

“smart”.这些房子既环保

又智能。11.

I

would

certainly

recommend

Forever

Green

Houses

to

my

friends.我一

定会给我的朋友们推荐Forever

Green

Houses。12.

While

I

was

driving

my

old

car，

I

was

polluting

the

city.当我开我的旧

车时，就是在污染城市。四、汉译英。1.

在当今的科技世界里，有许多令人惊叹的发明。（there

be）

⁠2.

如果没有科技的进步，它可能无法实现那么多的创新和便利。

（without）

⁠

⁠3.

智能手机帮助人们过上更好的生活。（help...do）

⁠In

today’s

technological

world，

there

are

many

amazing

inventions.Without

the

advancement

of

technology，

it

might

be

unable

to

achieve

so

many

innovations

and

convenience.The

smartphone

helps

people

live

a

better

life.

control的用法单词含义用法control

n.控制；

管理；限制take

control

（of）取得对……的控制lose

control

（of）失去（对……的）控制be

under

control处于控制之下be

out

of

control失去控制v.控制；掌

管；支配常与名词连用，表示对某事物的控制、掌管或支配She

couldn’t

control

her

tears.她控制不了她的泪水。

1.

She

the

car

on

the

icy

road

last

night.2.

In

the

future，

robots

may

many

human

jobs.3.

He

tried

to

his

anger

and

remained

calm

during

the

argument.4.

The

situation

is

now

.

The

firemen

have

managed

to

put

out

the

fire.5.

The

car

was

going

too

fast

and

it

was

almost

.

Luckily，

the

drivermanaged

to

stop

it.

lost

control

of

take

control

of

control

under

control

out

of

control

go

on/continue的用法词组含义go

on/continue

to

do继续做另外一件事go

on/continue

doing继续做同一件事

1.

他完成家庭作业后，继续练习吉他。（汉译英）

⁠

⁠2.

尽管下雨了，他们还是继续打篮球。（汉译英）

⁠

⁠After

he

finished

his

homework，

he

continued

to

practice

the

guitar.

＝After

he

finished

his

homework，

he

went

on

to

practice

the

guitar.Although

it

was

raining，

they

went

on

playing

basketball.

＝Although

it

was

raining，

they

continued

playing

basketball.

sell的用法单词含义用法变形及用法sell

v.出售；售卖（sold；

sold）sell

sth.

to

sb.卖某物给某人sale

n.出售；售卖on

sale廉价出售for

sale待售；供出售seller

n.卖方

1.

The

shopkeeper

a

beautiful

dress

a

student.2.

This

house

is

because

the

owner

is

moving

to

another

city.3.

The

new

book

is

in

the

bookstore.

You

can

buy

it

with

a

discount.4.

The

law

is

intended

to（旨在）

protect

both

the

buyers

and

he

⁠.sold

to

for

sale

on

sale

sellers

compare的用法词组含义compare

A

to

B把A比作Bcompare

A

with

B把A和B比较be

compared

to/with和……比较be

compared

to被比作

1.

The

teacher

often

our

progress

that

of

the

previous

year’s

students.2.

She

often

the

new

book

a

work

of

art.3.

In

the

novel，

Jason

is

often

a

young

lion

for

his

courage

and

strength.4.

The

new

model

of

the

car

is

often

other

models

in

terms

of

advanced

features.compares

with

compares

to

compared

to

compared

with

create的用法单词含义create

v.创造creative

adj.有创造力的；创造（性）的creation

n.创造；创造物；作品creator

n.创造者

1.

He

is

a

very

（create）

person

and

always

comes

up

with

new

ideas.2.

The

artist

spent

a

lot

of

time

（create）

a

new

painting.3.

The

novel

is

considered

as

one

of

the

greatest

（create）

of

the

20th

century.4.

Ludwig

van

Beethoven

was

a

famous

（create）

of

music.

creative

creating

creations

creator

since与for的辨析单词用于的时态用法since现在完成时since

＋时间段＋agosince

＋一般过去时的从句since＋过去时间点It

has

been

＋时间段＋

since＋一般过去时的从句.for现在完成时for＋时间段

1.

I

（work）

here

two

years.2.

She

（live）

in

Shanghai

she

was

five

years

old.3.

They

（learn）

English

the

beginning

of

this

term.4.

—How

long

have

you

been

in

Qiqihar？

—

my

father

came

here

to

work

five

years

ago.have

worked

for

has

lived

since

have

learned

since

Since

both...and...，either...or...，neither...nor...，not

only...but

also...的用法词组含义用法both...and...两者都连接主语时，谓语动词用复数形式either...or...或者……或

者……连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”neither...nor既不……也

不……连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”not

onlybut

also...不但……而

且……连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”

1.

Both

my

little

sister

my

mom

like

to

watch

movies.2.

Neither

my

friends

nor

my

mom

（be）

going

to

the

party.

We

have

other

plans.and

is

【语法填空】（一）

The

Keju

system，

China’s

earliest

gaokao，

began

in

the

Sui

Dynasty

and

lasted

for

around

1，300

years.

It

played

a

key

role

in

1.

⁠

（choose）

talented

people

for

the

government.

The

exams

mainly

focused

2.

classical

literature.

Poetry

was

important

in

early

Keju，

but

later，

writing

became

much

3.

⁠

（important）.choosing

on

more

important

The

exam

4.

（hold）

every

three

years

and

had

four

levels：

the

county

examination（童试），

the

provincial

examination，

the

metropolitan

examination（会试）

and

the

palace

examination.

Students

had

to

pass

each

level

5.

（take）

the

next

one.

Each

test

lasted

for

1－

3

days.was

held

to

take

In

ancient

times，

transportation

was

so

poor

6.

students

often

walked

for

a

long

time

to

arrive

at

the

exam

city.

Most

students

went

to

7.

capital

on

foot

and

at

last

it

took

them

several

months

to

reach

it.

On

the

exam

day，

some

officials（官员）

would

watch

closely

to

prevent

the

8.

（student）

from

cheating

during

the

exam—like

today’s

gaokao.that

the

students

Top

scorers

were

given

special

titles.

The

9.

（one）

three

Jinshi

were

called

Zhuangyuan，

Bangyan，

and

Tanhua.

All

Jinshi

were

offered

government

jobs

by

the

emperor.

So，

the

competition

was

10.

⁠

（actual）

very

strong.first

actually

（二）

Bi

Sheng

invented

movable

type

printing

in

the

1040s.After

printing

with

traditional

methods，

he

was

not

1.

（satisfy）

and

decided

to

find

a

better

way.

He

2.

（final）

came

up

with

a

new

printing

method.

3.

（one），

he

made

many

clay（黏土）

squares

and

engraved（雕刻）

one

character

on

each

square.

These

clay

squares

were

the

types

and

they

could

be

put

in

any

order.

The

types

were

then

heated

with

fire

so

4.

they

became

hard

enough

to

be

used

for

printing.

Next，

Bi

Sheng

took

an

iron

plate

and

covered

it

with

wax

and

ash.

satisfied

finally

First

thatWhen

he

was

ready

to

print，

he

set

an

iron

frame

on

the

plate

and

placed

the

types

5.

the

correct

order

within

the

iron

frame.

When

the

frame

6.

（be）

full，

Bi

Sheng

set

the

iron

plate

near

the

fire

to

warm

it.

The

wax

on

the

plate

melted

under

high

temperature

and

the

types

became

one

large

block.

7.

（put）

ink

on

the

block

of

type

and

pressing

it

against

a

piece

of

paper

produced

a

printed

page.inwas

Putting

Before

Bi

Sheng’s

8.

（invent），

people

used

an

expensive

and

time-consuming

printing

method

called

“woodblock

printing”.

Woodblock

printing

requires

people

to

engrave

all

the

words

on

a

wooden

block.

This

means

a

block

can

only

be

used

for

one

book

and

it

takes

9.

long

time

to

make.

With

Bi

Sheng’s

new

method，

printing

became

faster

because

the

types

were

ready-made

and

people

only

needed

to

put

10.

（they）

in

the

correct

order.

It

was

also

cheaper

to

print

with

this

new

technique

because

the

types

could

be

reused

after

each

print.invention

athem

（三）

In

the

future，

more

and

more

people

will

move

to

big

cities.

To

prepare

1.

this，

cities

are

becoming

smarter

and

more

efficient，

with

the

help

of

big

data.for

Local

governments

are

already

co