新高三-（七宝中学）2021年重点高中摸底考英语仿真模拟卷（上海专用）（二）（原卷版）

2/2PAGE1新高三（模拟七宝中学入学摸底卷）第I卷（选择题）一、完形填空（每小题1分，共15分）We’retoldthatwritingisdying.Typingonkeyboardsandscreens1writtencommunicationtoday.Learningcursive(草书的),joined-uphandwritingwasonce2inschools.Butnow,notsomuch.CountriessuchasFinlandhavedroppedjoined-uphandwritinglessonsinschool3typingcourses.AndintheUS,therequirementtolearncursivehasbeenleftoutofcorestandardssince2013.AfewUSstatesstillplacevalueonformativecursiveeducation,suchasArizona,butthey’renotthe4.Someexpertspointoutthatwritinglessonscanhaveindirectbenefits.AnneTrubekauthorofThehistoryandUncertainFutureofHandwriting,arguesthatsuchlessonscan5askillcalledauto-maticity.That’swhenyou’veperfectedatask,andcandoitalmostwithoutthinking,grantingyou6mentalbandwidthtothinkaboutordootherthingswhileyou’redoingthetask.Inthissense,Trubekcompareshandwritingtodriving.“Onceyouhavedrivenforawhile,youdon’t7think‘Stepongasnow’or‘Turnthesteeringwheelabit,’”heexplains.“Youjustdoit.That’swhatwewantchildrento8whenlearningtowrite.YouandIdon’tthink‘nowmakealoopgoingupforthe‘I”-or“nowlookfortheletter‘r’onthekeyboard’.Trubekhaswrittenmanyessaysandbooksonhandwriting,andshedoesn’tbelieveitwilldieoutforaverylongtime.9,shebelievesstudentsarelearningauto-maticityfasterwithkeyboardsthanwithhandwriting:studentsarelearninghowtotypewithoutlookingatthekeysatearlierages,andtotypefasterthantheycouldwrite,grantingthemextratimetothinkaboutwordchoiceorsentence10.InanessayfortheNewYorkTimeslastyear,Trubekarguedthatduetothe11automaticityofkeyboards,today’schildrenmaywellbecomebettercommunicatorsintextashandwritingtakesuplessoftheireducation.Thisisaviewthathasattractedbothcriticismandsupport.Sheexplainsthattwoofthemostcommonargumentsshehearsfrom12regardingthedeclineofhandwritingisthatnotprotectingitwillresultina“lossofhistory”anda“lossof13touch.”Ontheformershe14that95%ofhandwrittenmanuscriptscan’tbereadbytheaveragepersonanyway-“that’swhywehavepaleographers(古文字学家),”sheexplains,paleographybeingthestudyofancientstylesofwriting-whilethe15referstothewarmassociationswegivetohandwrittenpersonalnotes,suchasthank-youcards.Someeducatorsseemtoagree,atleasttoanextent.1．A．defines B．dominates C．initiate D．benefits2．A．compulsory B．satisfactory C．optional D．selective3．A．inhonorof B．forsakeof C．infavorof D．onbehalfof4．A．majority B．necessity C．standard D．advocate5．A．generate B．reveal C．measure D．strengthen6．A．extra B．max C．important D．frequent7．A．seriously B．occasionally C．formatively D．consciously8．A．consider B．acquire C．forget D．associate9．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Fortunately D．However10．A．structure B．interpretation C．order D．selection11．A．renewed B．accepted C．invented D．improved12．A．students B．schools C．critics D．experts13．A．intensive B．personal C．close D．constant14．A．agrees B．persuade C．counter D．confirms15．A．writing B．latter C．manuscript D．criticism第II卷（非选择题）二、用单词的适当形式完成短文（每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Accordingtothe“BigBang”theory,aftersettlingintoasolidglobe,theearthexplodedso16．(violence)thatitwasnotclear17．theshapewouldlast.Meanwhile,theexplosionproducedmanygases,whichwereintime18．(make)theearth'satmosphere.Thecontinuedpresenceofwaterappearedastheearthcooleddown,makingpossiblethe19．(develop)oflifeontheearth.Manymillionsofyearslater,withtinyplants20．(multiply)onthesurfaceofthewater,greenplantsbegantogrowonland,21．(follow)byinsects,amphibians,reptilesanddinosaurs.Aftertheageofthedinosaursended,allmankind,in22．(it)turn,becamethemostimportantanimals23．theplanet.Unfortunately,however,humanbeingsputtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.As24．result,theincreasingheatfromthesunwaspreventedfromescapingintospace.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearth25．(remain)unknown.三、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文（每小题1.5分，共15分）Direction:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.Redgrouper(石斑鱼)areknownforafewkeycharacteristics—theircolor,whichcan26．frompinktobrightorange;theirtastiness,whetherthey’regrilledorfried;andtheirpredation(掠夺行为)method,inwhichthey27．seacreaturesandswallowthemwhole.Buttheirleast-knowncharacteristicmightbethemostvaluableofall:Theyoperateasunderwaterarchitects,28．theseascapefornumerousotherformsofunderwaterlife.Thatsurprisingdiscoveryis29．scientistsandpolicymakerstoreadjusttheirapproachtopreservingtheocean’snaturalorder—andheighteningtensionswiththosewhofishforalivingorasahobby.Ateamofscientists,ledbyFloridaStateUniversity’sFeliciaColeman,recentlyfoundthattheredgrouperoffFlorida’seastandwestcoastshavecreatedentireocean30．bydigginglargeholesinthesea’ssandybottom.Inthesamewaybeavers31．dams,redgrouperdigandmaintaindistinctholeswhoserockysurfacesprovideaplaceforcoral,spongesandothermarinelifetogather.Thisnewunderstandingischangingthewayfederalandstateauthoritiesmanageoceanhabitatsandiscreatingacompletelynewcrackwithfishermen.“Thepeoplewhoareincontrolwantto32．fishingasmuchaspossible,”saidBobJones,executivedirectoroftheSoutheasternFisheriesAssociation.Headdedthattherecentdiscoveriesaboutredgrouperamounttoan“excusetheycanusetorestrictfishing,33．orrecreational.”Buttomanyresearchers,fisheryofficialsandevensomefishermen,thefactthatfishactasenvironmentalengineersprovidesacompellingreasontoprotectthemfromexploitation.“Ifyou34．thatfish,itputsintomotionawholechainofevents,”saidDondeMaria,whousedtofishforredgroupernearKeyLargo,Fla.,butnolongerdoes.“There’sawholelotofotheranimalsthatare35．.I’mnotsayingyoucan’tcatchthem.Butyoucan’tdoittotheextentwe’vebeendoingforthelast20years.”四、汉译英（整句）（每小题4分，共8分）36．我觉得这个外向的女孩很容易相处。（主+谓+宾+宾补）（汉译英）37．你在其他任何地方都找不到这么励志的书。(Nowhere)五、阅读选择（每小题2分，共24分）AResearchershaveconfirmedthatthereareseveraleffectivemethodsforcleaningtheN95maskswornbyhealthprofessionalsothattheycanbeusedmorethanonce,theNationalInstitutesofHealthannouncedWednesday.Aresearchalreadyshowedthatthemasks,designedforone-timeuse,canbereusedinacrisis.AndtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventioninMarchauthorizedreusebecauseofshortagesdrivenbytheCovid-19pandemic.Noneoftheserulesormethodsareintendedfortheclothmasksrecommendedorinsomelocationsrequiredforusebyeveryoneinpublic.Earlierresearchhadnot,ofcourse,involvedthenewcoronavirus.Thenewresearchdeterminedwhichcleaningproceduresweremosteffective.N.I.H.publicizedthestudybecauseitcouldbehelpfultohealthcareprofessionalsinthecrisis.Dr.Munsterandhiscolleaguestestedfourmethodsofkillingthevirus:UVlight,dryheat,vaporizedhydrogenperoxide(YHP)(汽化过氧化氢）andethyl(乙醇）alcohol.Ofthosemethods,theydidnotrecommendethylalcoholbecausealthoughitkilledthevirus,itdegradedthemaskmaterial.Vaporizedhydrogenperoxide,amethodoftenavailableinlargehospitals,waseffective,andleftthemasksstillfunctioningforatleastthreeroundsofcleaning,asdidUVlight.Dryheat,at70C,waseffective,butthemaskswithstoodonlytworoundsofcleaning.Dr.Munstersaidthat"vaporizedhydrogenperoxidewouldbethemethodofchoiceifthat'savailable."However,hesaid,anursinghomemightnothavethat,whilefordryheat,what'sneededisbasicallyanoven.AnotherrecentstudyfromCanadianresearchersconfirmedthevalueofcleaning.Itincludedmasksofdifferentbrandsandfoundthatthematerialofthemaskwasstilleffectiveafter10roundsofvaporizedhydrogenperoxidecleaning.ThefindingsareintendedtobeusefulforhealthcareworkerswearingN95masks.Withpersonalprotectiveequipmentinshortsupplyatmanyoverwhelmedhospitals,somefront-lineworkershavecomplainedthatmaskswererationed.ThepublichasbeenadvisednottouseortrytobuyN95masksbecausetheywouldbepreventinghealthcareworkersfromhavinglifesavingequipment.38．OfthedifferentcleaningproceduresofN95masks,whichoneistheleasteffective?A．UVlight B．dryheatC．vaporizedhydrogenperoxide(VHP) D．ethylalcohol39．Inadictionary,theunderlinedword"ration”hasthe.followingexplanations.Whichexplanationdoyouthinkagreeswiththecontext?A．afixedallowanceofsomethingthatisscarceB．theamountofsomethingonenormallyhasC．toassigntosomeoneforaparticularpurpose.D．torestrictthedistributionofsomething40．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．ThepublichasbeenadvisednottouseN95masks.B．ThehealthcareworkersareingreatneedofN95masks.C．N.I.H.announcedN95maskscanbereusedifcleanedeffectively.D．Personalprotectiveequipmentisinshortsupplyatmanyhospitals.BCommencement(毕业典礼)isatimeforidealism.Buteconomicrealityiscrueleverywhere;especiallyfornewcollegegraduates.Theyhavebeentoldrepeatedlythatacollegedegreeisanopensesame(芝麻)totheglobaleconomy.Butthat’snotnecessarilyso,accordingtonewresearchbytwoeconomistsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,FrankLevyandPeterTemin.Itistruethatpeoplewithcollegedegreesmakemoremoneythanpeoplewithoutdegrees.Thegaphasnarrowedsomewhatinrecentyears,whichisdisturbing.Buttheearningpowerofcollegegraduatesstillfaroutpacesthatofless-educatedworkers.Thebadnews,though,isthatacollegedegreedoesnotensureabiggershareoftheeconomicpieformanygraduates.InrecentdecadesMr.LevyandMr.Teminshow,onlycollege-educatedwomenhaveseentheirincomegrowinlinewitheconomywidegainsinproductivity.Theearningsofmalecollegegraduateshavefailedtokeeppacewithproductivitygains.Instead,ahugeshareofproductivitygrowth,whichexpandsthenation’stotalincome,isgoingtoAmericansonthetopoftheincomescale.In2005,thelatestyearwithavailabledata,thetop1percentofAmericans--whoseaverageannualincomewas$1.1million--tookin21.8percentofthenation’sincome,theirlargestsharesince1929.Administrationofficials,andotherpoliticiansandeconomists,often,believethatincomeinequalityreflectsaneducationgap.ButMr.LevyandMr.Teminshowthatinthecaseofmen,theaveragebachelor’sdegreeisnotenoughtocatchtherisingtideoftheglobaleconomy.Theyarguethattherealreasonthatinequalityisworseningisthelackofstrongpoliciesthatbroadlydistributeeconomicgains.Inthepast,forexample,amoreprogressiveincometaxandunionspromoteequality.Positivemeasureshavealsohelpedandprobablyaccounts,inpart,forthepaygrowthofcollege-educatedwomen.Butsuchmeasureshavebeenerodingandnewoneshavenotyetemerged,makingtheincomegapevengreater.Mr.LevyandMr.Teminconcludethatonlyanewgovernmentpolicycanrestoregeneralprosperity.That’sachallengetothenation’sleadersandtoday’sgraduates.Americaneedsthemtocontributetothedevelopmentofthenationinaglobaleconomy.41．Thepassageismainlyaboutthat________.A．thereisabigincomegapbetweenfemaleandmalecollegegraduatesinAmericaB．collegegraduatesfindithardtofindanideajobaftergraduationinAmericaC．collegedegreesarelosingvalueinAmericaD．researchshowsthatAmericangovernmentshouldtakemeasurestoensureincomeequalityforcollegegraduates42．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?A．MuchofthetotalincomeofAmericahasbeengainedbyafewveryrichpeople.B．Thewholenationhasenjoyedabigincomegrowthwiththegrowthofproductivity.C．AsmallpartofpeopleinAmericacanhaveincomeincrease.D．UpperclassAmericanscontributemosttoproductivitygrowth.43．Theunderlinedword“eroding”inParagraph7probablymeans________.A．beinggraduallydestroyedbywindorrain B．graduallynotsuitableC．graduallydisappearing D．graduallyreducingpower44．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_____.A．femalecollegegraduateshavehigherincomethanmaleonesB．incometaxcanguaranteeincomeequalityC．femalecollegegraduateshavebenefitedfromsomegovernmentalmeasurestoensuretheirincomegrowthD．newmeasuresandpolicieshavebeentakentopromoteincomeequality45．Fromthepassage,someeconomistsbelievethattheworseningincomeinequalityiscausedby______.A．lackofpropergovernmentalpolicies B．lowercollegedegreeofcollegegraduatesC．genderdiscrimination D．underdevelopmentofeconomyandproductivityC“Whatiscivilization?”askedKennethClark50yearsagointheinfluentialBBCseriesonthesubject.“Idon’tknow,andIcan’tdefineitinabstractterms,yet.ButIthinkIcanrecognizeitwhenIseeit,andI’mlookingatitnow.”Andheturnedtogesturebehindhim,atthesoaringGothictowersandflyingbuttressesofNotreDame(巴黎圣母院).Itseemsinhumantocaremoreaboutabuildingthanaboutpeople.ThatthesightofNotreDamegoingupinflameshasattractedsomuchmoreattentionthanfloodsinsouthernAfricawhichkilledover1,000arousesunderstandablefeelingsofguilt.Yetthewidespread,intensegriefatthesightofthecathedral’scollapsingsteeple(尖塔)isinfactprofoundlyhuman—andinaparticularly21st-centuryway.Itisnotjusttheeconomythatisglobaltoday,itisculturetoo.Peoplewandertheworldinsearchnotjustofjobsandsecuritybutalsoofbeautyandhistory.Familiaritybreedsaffection.Abuildingonwhosesunnystepsyouhaverested,infrontofwhichyouhavetakenaselfiewithyourlovedone,becomesawarmpartofyourmemoriesandthusofyourself.Thisvisualagehasgivenbeautynewpower,andsocialmediahaveturnedgreatworksofartintosuperstars.Onlyafew,though,haveachievedthisstatus.Justasthereisonlyeverahandfulofworld-famousactors,sothepantheon(万神殿)ofgloballyrecognizableculturalsymbolsistiny:theMonaLisa,Michelangelo’sDavid,theTajMahal,theGreatPyramid—andNotreDame.Disaster,too,isvisual.Inthe24hoursafterthefirestarted,videosonsocialmediaoftheburningcathedralwereviewednearlyaquarterofabilliontimes.Yettheemotionsthesightarousedwerelessaboutthebuildingitselfthanaboutwhatlosingitmightmean.NotreDameisanexpressionofhumanityatitscollectivebest.Nobodycouldlookupintothatarched(拱形的)ceilingwithoutwonderingatthecollectivegeniusofthethousandsofunknowncraftsmenwho,overacenturyandahalf,realizedavisionsograndinitsstructuralambitionandsodelicateinitshand-madedetail.Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalunrest—throughwar,revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.46．TheBBCseriesinthefirstparagraphismentionedtoshow________.A．NotreDameisatypicalexampleofcivilizationB．civilizationissupposedtobedefinedinabstracttermsC．civilizationwasfoundedinthepastandlastsfordecadesD．it’scrueltocaremoreaboutbuildingsthanaboutpeople47．NotreDamefirehasarousedworldwideconcernsbecause________.A．thedisastercoincidedwiththefloodsinsouthernAfricaB．peoplehaslostahistoricallandmarktotakeaselfieandrestC．France’seconomicprosperityhasmadeitamust-seeplaceforvisitorsD．culturalglobalizationhasbredacommonsenseofculturalidentity48．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．People’ssadnessatthemisfortunemainlyliesinthebuildingitself.B．Peoplewonderedwhocontributedtosuchanartisticachievement.C．NotreDameisawitnesstoNaziinvasionandFrenchrevolution.D．Fortunatelyweareblessedwithcountlesssplendidworksofart.49．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．NotreDame:TheArchitecturalTreasureB．NotreDame:TheHumanisticExpressionC．NotreDame:AVictimToNaturalDisasterD．NotreDame:AMust-beTouristAttraction六、六选四（每小题2分，共8分）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.VitaminD3ImproveHeartFunctionAdailydoseofvitaminD3improvesheartfunctioninpeoplewithheartfailure,afive-yearUniversityofLeedsresearchprojecthasfound.Dr.KlausWitte,fromtheSchoolofMedicineandConsultantCardiologistatLeedsTeachingHospitalsNHSTrust,ledthestudy.Hesaid:“Thisisasignificantbreakthroughforpatients.ItisthefirstevidencethatvitaminD3canimproveheartfunctionofpeoplewithheartmuscleweakness–knownasheartfailure.”50．VitaminD3canbeboostedbyexposuretosunlight,butheartfailurepatientsareoftendeficientinitevenduringthesummerbecauseolderpeoplemakelessvitaminD3inresponsetosunlightthanyoungerpeople.VitaminD3productionintheskinisalsoreducedbysunscreen.Thestudy,whichwasfundedbytheMedicalResearchCouncil,involvedmorethan160patientsfromLeedswhowerealreadybeingtreatedfortheirheartfailureusingproventreatmentsincludingbeta—blockers,ACE-inhibitorsandpacemakers.51．ThosepatientswhotookvitaminD3experiencedanimprovementinheartfunctionwhichwasnotseeninthosewhotookaplacebo.52．Heartspecialistsmeasureheartfunctionbytakinganultrasoundscanoftheheartandmeasuringhowmuchbloodpumpsfromtheheartwitheachheartbeat,knownasejectionfraction.Theejectionfractionofahealthypersonisusuallybetween60%and70%.Inheartfailurepatients,theejectionfractionisoftensignificantlyimpaired—inthepatientsenrolledintothestudytheaverageejectionfractionwas26%.Inthe80patientswhotookVitaminD3,theheart’spumpingfunctionimprovedfrom26%to34%.53．Thismeansthatforsomeheartdiseasepatients,takingvitaminD3regularlymaylessentheneedforthemtobefittedwithanimplantablecardioverterdefibrillator(ICD),adevicewhichdetectsdangerousirregularheartrhythmsandcanshockthehearttorestoreanormalrhythm.A．HeartfailurecanbyallmeansbecuredbyVitaminD3.B．Changesinheartfunctionweremeasuredbyultrasound.C．Intheothers,whotookplacebo,therewasnochangeincardiacfunction.D．ParticipantswereaskedtotakevitaminD3oraplacebotabletforoneyear.E.SunscreenwillpreventpeoplefromabsorbingmoreVitaminD3toagreatextent.F.Thefindingcouldmakeasignificantdifferencetothecareofheartfailurepatients.七、概要写作（共10分）54．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Isthetraditionalfamilydinnerathingofthepast?Intoday’shouseholdswherebothparentsgotoworkandkidshavebusyscheduleswithschool,anarrayofafternoonactivitiesandmuchhomework,findingtimeforagatheringatthetableseemsimpossible.Yet,studieshaveshowntimeandagainthateatingtogetherhasmultiplebenefitsforfamilymembers,especiallychildren.Accordingto