Unit1Lesson4SectionA(4a~4c)课件-人教版八年级英语下册

Unit1TimetoRelaxSectionAHowdoyouspendyourfreetime?(4a-4c)LearningObjectives1.identifyinfinitivesasobjectivecomplementsandadverbials.2.useinfinitivestoshowpurposeorprovidemoreinformationaboutasentenceasanobject.Inthislessonyouwill:LookandAnswerWhydothestudentsrun?Thestudentsrun____________________.Whydidthesepeoplegetupearly?Theygotupearly__________________.tocatchtheschoolbustowatchthesunriseWhatdoestheteacherasktheboytodo?Theteacheraskstheboy___________________.toanswerthequestionWhatdoesthecoachtelltheplayers?Thecoachtellstheplayers___________(practice)daily.topracticeThinkandCompareAlltheabovesentencesincludeinfinitives(to+verbbe).Howdotheirfunctionsdiffer?Thestudentsruntocatchtheschoolbus.Thepeoplegotupearlytowatchthesunrise.在这两句话中，主语Thestudents和Thepeople是动作的执行者，不定式（tocatch和towatch）用来说明谓语动词（run和gotup）发生的目的，作目的状语。(adverbialofpurpose)Theteacheraskstheboy

toanswerthequestion.Thecoachtellstheplayers

topracticedaily.在这两句话中，宾语theboy和theplayers是动作的执行者，不定式（toanswer和topractice）对宾语起到了补充说明的作用，是宾语补足语。(objectcomplement)Readthesentences.Decideifeachinfinitiveinboldfunctionsasanobjectcomplementoradverbial.在Isawmymotherpaint.

这句话中，paint是不带to的不定式，作宾语补足语。4aadverbialobjectcomplement不定式作宾语补足语

在英语中，有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。宾语补足语通常位于宾语之后。我们把“宾语+宾语补足语”称为复合宾语。例如：Myfatherencouragesme

toplaytheguitar.Themanageraskedhim

towait.Theteachertellsthestudents

nottocheatintheexam.Theyoftentellme

nottogetclosetostrangers.宾语是动作的执行者当不定式作宾语补足语时，分带to的不定式作宾补和不带to的不定式作宾语两种情况。常见的用带to的不定式作宾补的动词（短语）有：ask,advice,allow,encourage,get,order,require,teach,tell,want,wish,expect,warn,permit,force等。常见的用不带to的不定式作宾补的动词（短语）有：“一感”feel；“二听”hear,listento；“三使”let,have,make；“五看”see,watch,notice,observe,lookat;“半帮助”help接不定式作宾补，加不加to都可以。ExamplesIfelttheground

shakeduringtheearthquake.Listentothebirds

sing.Thejokemadeeveryone

laugh.Didyouseehim

leavetheoffice?Canyouhelpme

(to)carrythisbox?不定式作状语

状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。它表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、原因、程度等意义，一般由副词、介词、介词短语、不定式、从句或相当于副词的词或短语来担任。不定式作状语时，多至于句末。但为了加强语气，突出表示目的，不定式（尤其是不定式短语inorderto）可放在句首。例如：(Inorder)to

catchupwithmyclassmates,I

muststudyharder.Tocatch

theearlybus,I

gotupveryearlythismorning.Iwenttothelibrarytoborrow

somebooks.She

studieshardtoget

goodgrades.不定式的动作执行者是句子的主语如何区分不定式作宾补还是状语？

成分作用句子逻辑例句宾补状语补充说明宾语的动作/状态说明谓语动词的目的主语让/叫/要求宾语做某事主语做某事是为了达成某个目标Heaskedme

toopenthedoor.Hestooduptoopenthedoor.Completetheconversationswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.A:Thanksforyouradvice!Itmademe________(decide)totryskiing.B:You'rewelcome.Try__________(forget)yourfearsandhavefun!2.A:Mycousinoftenasksme________(fly)kiteswithherwhenit'swindy.B:Thatsoundsfun!I'dlovetowatchyou _______(fly)kitessometime. decidetoforgettoflyfly4b3.A:Ilovetowatchkungfumovies_________(relax).B:Really?WhenIwant_________(relax),Iwatchanimalvideos. 4.A:Myparentstoldme__________(notpush)myselftoohard. B:Yes,it'simportant___________(notforget)torelaxonceinawhile.torelaxtorelaxnottopushnottoforgetCompletethepassagewiththeinfinitiveformsoftheverbsinthebox.Whatdoyouusuallydooutdoors?(not)comedolistenplayspendstaywatchMytwinbrotherandIlookalike,butwearesodifferent.Ilovesport,andIoftenmeetmyfriends_______footballandtennis.Mybrotherjoinedustoplayfootballonceortwice,buthedecided__________afterthat.toplaynottocome4cHedoesn'tlikesportverymuch!Instead,helikes_______athomeand_______movies,_______tomusic,andchatwithfriendsonline.Ourparentswereworriedabouthimstayinghome