小升初英语复习专项突破therebe结构（课件）-人教PEP版（2012）英语六年级下册

16句型therebe结构第二部分专项突破01考点演练02达标训练目录

there

be结构是英语中常用的结构之一，主要用来表示“某地有某人或某物”。该句型结构中的there是引导词，本身没有词义；

be动词是谓语，

be动词后面的名词或名词短语为主语。句子的最后一般是时间状语或地点状语。具体用法如下：

there

be结构的肯定句（1）

There

＋

be动词的相应形式（＋冠词/限定词）＋可数名词单数/不可数名词（＋其他）.如：There

is

a

bag

on

the

sofa.

沙发上有一个包。There

is

some

tea

in

the

cup.杯子里有一些茶。1（2）

There

＋

be动词的相应形式＋可数名词复数（＋其他）.如：There

are

many

birds

in

the

forest.森林里有许多鸟。There

will

be

a

lot

of

changes

in

the

city

in

a

few

years.

几年后这座城市将会有许多变化。

there

be结构中be动词的使用原则there

be结构中，

be动词要与主语在数上保持一致，

be动词要与句子的时态保持一致。当主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，在一般现在时中be动词用is，在一般过去时中用was，在一般将来时中用is

going

to

be/will

be；当主语是可数名词复数时，在一般现在时中be动词用are，在一般过去时中用were，在一般将来时中用are

going

to

be/will

be；当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与离它最近的那个主语在数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。【典例精析】（

B

）（2024·赣州寻乌）There

a

desk

and

some

books

in

the

room.A.

hadB.

wasC.

were解析：

there

be结构中be动词遵循“就近原则”，

a

desk是单数，所以用was。B【小试身手】根据中文提示，完成句子。

There

are

some

flowers

（有一些花）

on

the

table

now.There

are

some

flowers

there

be结构的否定句（1）含有is/are/was/were的句子there

be结构的否定句要在is/are/was/were后加not或no。如果句中有some，则要变成any。如：There

aren’t

any

flowers

in

the

garden.花园里没有花。There

is

no

milk

in

the

glass.玻璃杯里没有牛奶。2（2）含有除is/are/was/were以外的助动词的句子there

be结构的否定句要在其助动词后加not或在名词前加no。如果句中有some，则要变成any。如：There

won’t

be

any/will

be

no

parties

in

the

playground

this

evening.今天晚上操场上没有聚会。【典例精析】（

B

）（2023·黄石大冶）There

were

buses

taxis

in

the

Tang

Dynasty.A.

not；

andB.

no；

orC.

no；

and解析：根据选项中的not/no可知，此句为there

be结构的否定句，故选连词or。B【小试身手】改为否定句。There

are

some

apples

on

the

tree.There

are/aren’t

no/any

apples

on

the

tree.are/aren’t

no/any

there

be结构的一般疑问句（1）含有is/are/was/were的句子there

be结构的一般疑问句要把is/are/was/were置于句子开头，首字母大写，句末用问号。其肯定回答为“Yes，

there

is/are/was/were.”；否定回答为“No，

there

isn’t/aren’t/wasn’t/weren’t.”。如果句中有some，则要变成any。如：3

（2）含有除is/are/was/were以外的助动词的句子there

be结构的一般疑问句要把助动词置于句子开头，首字母大写，句末用问号。其肯定回答为“Yes，

there

＋助动词.”；否定回答为“No，

there

＋助动词的否定形式.”。如果句中有some，则要变成any。如：－

Will

there

be

a

door

in

the

wall？墙上将有一扇门吗？－

Yes，

there

will.是的，将有（一扇门）。【典例精析】（2023·襄阳枣阳）改为一般疑问句。There

were

some

small

buildings

in

my

school

20

years

ago.Were

there

any

small

buildings

in

your

school

20

years

ago？解析：题目句子为there

be结构的肯定句。根据其一般疑问句句型结构“Be

there

any

＋名词（＋其他）？”改写句子，同时注意把句子中的some改为any，第一人称改为第二人称。Were

there

any

small

buildings

in

your

school

20

years

ago？【小试身手】根据答句，补全问句。－

Are

there

any

birds

in

the

tree？－

Yes，

there

are

some.Are

there

any

there

be结构的特殊疑问句（1）可以用句型“What

is

＋表示地点的介词短语？”（无论答句中的主语是不可数名词、可数名词单数还是可数名词复数，特殊疑问句中都用is）来询问当前某地有什么人或事物。对其作出回答可根据具体情况用“There

is/are

...”。如：4（2）提问可数名词主语的数量时，用how

many，句型结构为“How

many

＋可数名词复数＋

are

there

（＋其他）？”。如：How

many

pens

are

there

under

the

desk？课桌下有多少支钢笔？（3）提问不可数名词主语的数量时，用how

much，句型结构为“How

much

＋不可数名词＋

is

there

（＋其他）？”。如：How

much

juice

is

there

in

the

glass？

玻璃杯里有多少果汁？

there

be句型口诀there

be句型有特点，主语放在be后面；多个主语并列时，

be随最近主语变。变疑问很简单，把be提到there前；变否定也不难，

be的后面not添。肯定句中用some，疑问、否定any换；介词短语表地点，“有”表“存在”记心间。【典例精析】（2023·宁波奉化区）连词成句。many，

people，

are，

how，

there，

family，

your，

in

（？）How

many

people

are

there

in

your

family？解析：根据there

are、how

many和问号可知此句属于there

be句型的特殊疑问句，故根据句型结构“How

many

＋可数名词复数＋

are

there

（＋其他）？”书写句子。How

many

people

are

there

in

your

family？【小试身手】对画线部分提问。There

are

two

bags

of

rice

at

home.

How

much

rice

is

there

at

home？How

much

is

there

（1）两者在表达关系上不同。there

be结构表示“存在”的“有”；

have/has表示“所属”的“有”，通常是主语拥有。如：There

are

two

computer

rooms

in

the

building.这幢楼里有两间电脑房。

辨析there

be与have/has不同点：5I

have

a

red

crayon

and

she

has

a

yellow

one.我有一支红蜡笔，她有一支黄蜡笔。（2）两者在结构上不同。

there

be结构的主语在be动词之后；

have/has的主语在have/has之前。如：There

are

so

many

black

clouds

in

the

sky.天空中有那么多乌云。I

have

an

animal

friend.

It

has

two

big

eyes.我有一个动物朋友。它有两只大眼睛。相同点：有时表达的意思相似。如：I

have

some

sweets

in

my

hand.＝

There

are

some

sweets

in

my

hand.我手中有一些糖果。【典例精析】（

B

）（2024·鹰潭月湖区）

there

a

library

in

your

school

ten

years

ago？A.

IsB.

WasC.

Were解析：问学校是否有个图书馆，用there

be结构；根据ten

years

ago可知此句时态为一般过去时，故选Was。B【小试身手】从括号中选择合适的词填空。①

There

was

（was/were）

no

library

in

my

old

school.②

Now

we

have

（has/have）

a

big

and

nice

one.was

have

一、用have、has或there

be结构填空。1.

There

are

some

flowers

in

the

vase.2.

There

is

a

storybook

on

the

table.3.

A

table

has

four

legs，

so

four

tables

have

sixteen

legs.4.

－

How

many

erasers

are

there

in

the

box？－

Only

one.There

are

There

is

has

have

are

there

5.

Jim

and

I

have

some

new

storybooks.6.

－

Are

there

any

apples

in

your

box

now？

－

Yes，

there

are

.have

Are

there

there

are

一二三四二、给下列句子或对话选择相应的图片。A.B.（

B

）1.

There

are

three

apples

on

the

tree.（

D

）2.

－

How

many

students

are

there

in

the

classroom？－

Four.BDC.D.一二三四（

A

）3.

－

Is

there

any

bread？

－

Yes，

there

is.（

C

）4.

－

What’s

in

the

basket？

－

There

are

some

potatoes.AC一二三四三、按要求完成句子。1.

（2024·黔西南兴义）Were

there

any

tall

buildings

in

your

city

twenty

years

ago？（作肯定回答）Yes，

there

were

.2.

（2024·安庆大观区）There

are

some

mountains

in

the

forest.（改为一般疑问句）

Are

there

any

mountains

in

the

forest？3.

There

is

an

apple

in

Jim’s

hand.（对画线部分提问）

What

is

in

Jim’s

hand？there

were

Are

there

any

What

is

一二三四4.

（2024·湛江廉江）