陈述句、感叹句、疑问句、祈使句的转换

小升初句型转换专题

陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、祈使句一、陈述句试翻译下列句子。1.我是一名学生。Iamastudent.2.他不喜欢苹果。Hedoesn'tlikeapples.3.他每天坐公车去学校。Hegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.什么是陈述句？

1.陈述一个客观事实；2.分为肯定句和否定句；

3.句末通常用句号，并读降调。如何将陈述句肯定结构变成否定结构呢？试一试：1.Sheisadoctor.2.Helikeseating.3.Hewenttoschoolonfootyesterday.4.Wecanswim.5.Thereare

somebooksinthebag.

Sheisn'tadoctor.Hedoesn'tlikeeating.Hedidn'tgotoschoolonfootyesterday.Wecan'tswim.还记得哪几步吗？Therearen'tanybooksinthebag.二、疑问句1.你能和我一起走吗？Canyougowithme?2.他是好男孩吗？Isheagoodboy?3.你在学校吃午饭吗？Doeshehavebreakfastathome?总结:

1.用来进行提问的句子，句末用问号；2.询问对方是否属实，能用yes或no来回答；

3.句末通用问号，并读升调。叫作：一般疑问句二、疑问句1.下周你打算做什么？

What

areyougoingtodonextweekend?2.你现在哪里吃啊？

Whereareyoueatingnow?3.你通常怎么去上学？

How

doyouusuallygotoschool?总结：

1.用来进行提问的句子，句末用问号；2.用特殊疑问词引导，不能用yes或no来回答；

3.句末通用问号，并读降调。叫作：特殊疑问句

构成：疑问词+一般疑问句还有哪些特殊疑问词？为什么why谁who谁的whose怎么样how如何howabout多久howlong多长时间一次howoften几点了Whattime什么时候when二、疑问句1.你喜欢苹果还是香蕉？Doyoulikeapplesorbananas?2.她是学生还是老师？Issheastudentorateacher?3.你喜欢哪条裙子，红色的还是白色的？Whichskirtdoyoulike,theredorthewhite?总结：

1.用来进行提问的句子，句末用问号；2.用or来连接，两种选择，不能用yes或no来回答；

3.句末通用问号，前升后降调。叫作：选择疑问句总结：疑问句（三类）一般疑问句特殊疑问句选择疑问句说出以下属于哪类：1.Doyouhaveadog?2.Isheadancerorasinger?3.Whichbookdoyouwanttobuy?4.Howdoyouthinkofit?5.Whatisthedatetoday?6.Whenwillwegotoschool?7.Canshedrawapicture?8.Shallwego?9.Doesitbelongtoyou?

三、感叹句口头翻译下列句子。1.Whatacleverboyheis!2.Howbeautifullyshedances!3.Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!

总结:

1.表示一种感叹语气；2.用what或how引导，后面用陈述语序，句末感叹号；

3.结构：

What+a∕an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！How+形容词∕副词+主语+谓语！

四、祈使句词组中有“实意动词词组”和“be动词词组”翻译句子，并改其为否定句、一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答，最后对画线部分提问。He

comesfromAustralia.HeisfromAustralia.Hedoesn’tcomefromAustralia.Heisn’tfromAustralia.DoeshecomefromAustralia?IshefromAustralia?Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn’t.Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.Wheredoeshecomefrom?Whereishefrom?1.他来自澳大利亚。（各用comefrom和befrom造句）改为否定句改为一般疑问句作否定和肯定回答画线部分提问实意动词/词组用DO（do/does）家族构成否定句和问句。BE动词词组用BE(am/is/are)家族。Shelikeshersister.Sheislikehersister.Shedoesn’t

likehersister.Sheisn’t

likehersister.Doesshelikehersister?Isshelikehersister?Yes,shedoes.Not,shedoesn’t.Yes,sheis.No,sheisn’t.2.她喜欢她的姐姐。3.她像她的姐姐。改为否定句改为一般疑问句作否定和肯定回答画线部分提问Whatdoesshelike?Whatisshelike?句型转换：我通常晚上7点做作业。（doone’shomework）翻译句子：__________________________________________________改为否定句：________________________________________________改为一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯定或否定回答：____________________________________________就画线部分提问：____________________________________________Iusuallydomyhomeworkat7p.m.Idon’tusuallydomyhomeworkat7p.m.Do

youusuallydoyourhomeworkat7p.m.?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Whendoyouusuallydoyourhomework?注意“实意动词词组”和“be动词词组”2.怀特夫妇是我的父母亲。（be）翻译句子：__________________________________改为否定句：________________________________改为一般疑问句：____________________________肯定或否定回答：____________________________TheWhitesaremyparents.TheWhitesaren’tmyparents.AretheWhitesyour

parents?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.3.李晨出生在九月。(beborn)翻译句子：__________________________________改为否定句：________________________________改为一般疑问句：____________________________肯定或否定回答：____________________________就画线部分提问：____________________________ChenLeewasborninSeptember.ChenLeewasn’tborninSeptember.一般过去时：主+动词过去式WasChenLeeborninSeptember?Yes,hewas./No,hewasn’t.

Whenwasheborn?4.他们经常中午在学校休息一下。（havearest）翻译句子：__________________________________________改为否定句：________________________________________改为一般疑问句：____________________________________肯定或否定回答：____________________________________就画线部分提问：____________________________________Weoftenhavearestatnoonintheschool.Theydon’toftenhavearestatnoonintheschool.Dotheyoftenhavearestatnoonintheschool?Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.

What

dotheydoatnoonintheschool?

1.她每天都在学校工作。2.她两年前在学校工作。Sheworksinschooleveryday.Sheworkedinschooltwoyearsago.Shedoesn’t

workinschooleveryday.DoesSheworkinschooleveryday?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.Shedidn’tworkinschooltwoyearsago.Didsheworkinschooltwoyearsago?Yes,shedid./No,shedidn’t.翻译改为否定句改为一般疑问句作否定和肯定回答翻译改为否定句改为一般疑问句作否定和肯定回答3.她一年后将在学校工作4.她正在学校工作。Shewillworkinschoolafter

twoyear.Sheisworkinginschoolnow.Shewon’tworkinschoolafter

twoyear.Willsheworkinschoolafter

twoyear?Yes,shewill./No,shewon’t.Sheisn’tworkinginschoolnow.Issheworkinginschoolnow?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.翻译改为否定句改为一般疑问句作否定和肯定回答翻译改为否定句改为一般疑问句作否定和肯定回答我们学校有一栋大厦。2.十年前我们学校有一栋大厦。3.一年后我们学校将有一栋大厦。Thereisabuildinginourschool.Therewasabuildinginourschooltenyearsago.Therewillbeabuildinginourschoolafteroneyear.Thereisn’tabuildinginourschool.Therewasn’tabuildinginourschooltenyearsago.Thereisgoingtobeabuildinginourschoolafteroneyear.Isthereabuildinginyourschool?Yes,thereis./No,thereisn’t.Wasthereabuildinginyourschooltenyearsago?Yes,therewas./No,therewasn’tThereisn’tgoingtobeabuildinginourschoolafteroneyear.Istheregoingtobeabuildinginyourschoolafteroneyear?Hi,Iamf__(1)__LondonbutIliveinAustralia.Iworkhere.TheWhites__(2)__myparents.Iamtheironlyson,butChenLeeislikeasecondsontothem.Mymotherisfriendly.She__(3)__careofChenLeeandoftenhelpstheneighbours.Shelikes__(4)__upsoIbuynicejewelleryinAustraliaforher.Myfatheris

noteasytogetalong__(5)__.Whenwetalkonthephone,healwaystellsmewhattodo.短文填空固定搭配befromrom语法“谓语动词”有时态和人称变化are固定搭配：照顾(好)take（good）careofsb.takes固定搭配dressup和某人相处：getalongwithsb.When当…时候，作时间状语withdressing

therebe句型转换

知识梳理一、therebe句型的概念

therebe句型也被称作“存在句”，表示某处有某物，或某时有某事。be动词受人称、时态等影响。

如：Thereisanappleonthetable.

Thereissomeapplejuiceinthebottle.

Therearemanypeopleinthestreet.

Therewassomemilkinthefridgeyesterday,butnowthereislittle.

Therewerefivetoybusesinthelivingroom.

TherewillbeafootballmatchthisSunday.

在小学阶段，therebe句型的重点是be动词的is和are两种形式。【注】therebe句型中be动词用单数形式还是复数形式由最靠近be动词的名词来决定。如：Thereisanappleandtwoorangesonthetable.Therearetwoorangesandanappleonthetable.二、therebe句型的结构

1.肯定形式（1）Thereis+a/an+可数名词单数形式+地点.如：Thereisamaponthewall.

Thereisanegginthebowl.（2）Thereissome+不可数名词+地点.如：Thereissomewaterinthebottle.（3）Thereare+可数名词复数形式+地点.如：Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.（4）Thereis/are+名词+地点+时间.如：ThereisakiteshowintheparkonSunday.

2.否定形式直接在be动词之后加not。如：Thereisnot(isn't)amaponthewall.

Therearenot（aren't）anystudentsontheplayground.

3.一般疑问句形式将be动词前置，陈述句就变成了一般疑问句，句号改为问号。回答用“yes”或“no”。如：—Isthereamaponthewall?

—Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.

—Arethereanystudentsontheplayground?

—Yes,thereare./No,therearen't.

4.特殊疑问句形式

therebe句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式：

(1)What’s+地点？如：Thereisabirdinthetree.→What'sinthetree?

Therearefiveboatsonthelake.→What'sonthelake?

【注】“What's+地点”的句型结构不受单复数的影响，且there在问句中不出现。

(2)Who’s+地点？

如：Thereisanoldwomanintheoldhouse.→Who’sintheoldhouse?

(3)Howmany+名词的复数形式+arethere+地点？

如：Thereare48studentsinmyclass.→Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?

Thereisonlyonerabbitonthegrass.→Howmanyrabbitsarethereonthegrass?

【注】如果名词是可数名词，无论其数量是1还是大于1，一律都用“Howmany+可数名词的复数形式+arethere…?”提问。

(4)Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+地点？

如：Thereare3bottlesofmilkinthefridge.→Howmuchmilkisthereinthefridge?

5.反义疑问句形式

therebe句型的反义疑问句的简略问句部分，也要用therebe的疑问句形式。

如：Thereisacuponthetable,isn’tthere?

Thereissomeorangeintheglass,isn’tthere?

Therearealotoflettersinthemailbox,aren’tthere?

6.therebe句型和have/has的区别

therebe表示“某处有什么”；have/has表示“某人/物有什么”。

如：Thereisacarontheroad.

Ihaveacar.

Myfatherhasacar.考点精析考点1考查therebe句型中be动词的使用【例1】单项选择。

（）1.Theresome_____juiceinmyglass.A.isB.areC.be

（）2.There_____aneggandfourapplesontheplate.A.areB.beC.is

（）3.There_____somecandiesinherbag.A.areB.isC.am

解析：本题考查therebe句型中系动词be的用法。第1小题中，虽然juice一词前有some修饰，但juice是不可数名词，谓语动词be应该是is。第2小题的主语“aneggandfourapples”，虽然是复数，但依据就近一致原则，be动词应使用is，使它和anegg保持一致。如果此小题的主语顺序改为“fourapplesandanegg”，那么be动词就是应使用are。第3小题中的candies是复数名词，因此be动词要用are。

答案：1.A2.C3.A举一反三用therebe的适当形式填空。1._______acatinthetree.2._______acatandakiteinthetree.3._________twobirdsflyinginthesky.4._________acleanriverhere20yearsago.5.____________amatchbetweenChinaandJapannextFriday.

ThereisThereisThereareTherewasTherewillbe考点2考查therebe句型的运用【例2】单项选择。(

)1.Howmanypeople

inyourfamily？A.doyouhave

B.arethereC.haveyou(

)2.—Arethere

bridgesovertheriver？—Yes，thereare

.A.some；someB.any；someC.any；any

解析：本题考查therebe句型的运用。第1小题，在英语中要表达家里有几个人，多用therebe句型；第2小题考查的是therebe句型中some与any的用法，any用于一般疑问句和否定句，some用于肯定句。答案：1.B

2.B举一反三1.单项选择。()(1)There

24applesinthebox.A.be

B.have

C.are()(2)Thereisn't

juiceinthefridge，butthereis

milk.A.some；someB.some；anyC.any；someCC(1)There

sevendaysinaweek.(2)There

adogandtwocatsunderthetree.(3)There

apictureshowinthemuseumtomorrow.(4)There

somebooksinmydesk.(5)There

somemilkinthebottle.areiswillbeareis2.选择正确的词（组）填空。考点3考查therebe句型的句型转换【例3】按要求改写下列句子。1.Thereissomemilkinthebox.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________2.Thereisaballandtwoshoesunderthechair.(就画线部分提问)_______________________________________________解析：本题考查therebe句型的句型转换。第1小题therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not即可，同时注意some要改为any;第2小题，对therebe之后的名词或名词词组提问时，无论名词是单数形式还是复数形式，都是用“What’s+地点？”提问。答案：1.Thereisn’tanymilkinthebox.2.What’sunderthechair?举一反三按要求改写下列句子。1.Thereissomewaterinthebottle.(改为否定句)______________________________________________2.Ihaveaclockonthedesk.(用therebe句型改写句子)______________________________________________3.Therearesevenapplesonthedesk.(就画线部分提问)______________________________________________4.Thereisonlyonecarnearthehouse.(就画线部分提问)______________________________________________Thereisn’tanywaterinthebottle.Thereisaclockonthedesk.What’sonthedesk?Howmanycarsaretherenearthehouse?过关检测一、用be动词的适当形式填空。1.There_____somebreadinthefridge.2.There_____somebottlesofwater.3.There_____somebreadinthefridgeyesterday.4._____thereanyapplesonthetree?5._____thereanymeatontheplate?6.There_____manyfishintherivermanyyearsago.7.There_____arulerandtwopensonthedesk.8.Therewill_____afootballmatchinmyschooltomorrow.9._____thereapartyatschoollastSaturday?10.There_____somegoodnewsforyou.isarewasAreIswereisbeWasis二、单项选择。()1.There_____abicycle,twobusesandthreejeepsbehindthebuilding.A.beB.isC.are()2.Thereare_____interestingcomicbooksintheschoollibrary.A.anB.someC.any()3.There_____abirdinthetreeyesterdayafternoon.A.isB.wasC.were()4.There_____anynewsintoday’snewspaper.A.isB.isn’tC.aren’t()5.I_____manygoodfriendsinBeijing.A.thereareB.haveC.hasBBBBB()6.—_____isinthebox?—Abook.A.WhatB.WhereC.Who()7.Thereis_____teaintheglass.A.aB.lotsofC.any()8.There_____somehomeworktoday.A.isB.isn’tC.are()9.Who_____acatathome?A.haveB.hasC.is()10.Acatandabird_____inthetree.A.thereareB.haveC.areABABC三、选择正确的词(组)填空。1._________abigsofainthelivingroom.2.Thetable_________fourlegs.3._________severalpagesinthebook.4.Thebook_________manypages.5.We_________anewclassmate.6._________somefishintheriver.7.HeandI_________amusicteacher.8._________someorangejuiceintheglass.9._________alotofanimalsinthezoo.10.Abird_______twowings.ThereishasTherearehashaveTherearehaveThereisTherearehas四、按要求改写下列句子。1.Therearesomepandasinthemountain.(改为否定句)______________________________________________2.Thereissomecoffeeinthecup.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)—_____________________________________________—_____________________________________________3.Thereisapenandabookinmybag.(就画线部分提问)__________