Unit1TimetoRelaxSectionAGrammarFocus课件人教版英语八年级下册

Unit1TimetoRelaxSectionAHowdoyouspendyourfreetime?Lead-inWhatdoyoudoinyourfreetime?Iplaytheflutetorelax.Howdidyouspendyourweekend?Iwenttothesportscentretoiceskate.Howdidyougetintopainting?Isawmymotherpaint.Idecidedtogiveitago.Whatdidyourinstructorsay?Shetoldmenot

togiveupsoeasily.Decideifeachinfinitiveinbold

functionsasanobjectcomplement

oradverbial.4aGrammarFocus动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，它没有人称和数的变化，基本结构为“to+动词原形”，否定结构为“notto+动词原形”。动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等Grammar什么是动词不定式？Presentation①动词不定式作主语1.

基本结构结构1：Todo（不定式）+谓语动词+其他结构2：It+is+adj./n.+todo（不定式）（避免句子头重脚轻，更常用）2.作用：不定式作主语，用来表示具体的动作、目的或将要发生的事。不定式作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。注意：学好英语很重要。TolearnEnglishwellisveryimportant.=It’sveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.PresentationTranslatethesentencesaccordingtothepicturesandChinese.破案是朱迪最大的梦想。TosolvethecaseisJudy'sbiggestdream.作主语在警队里信任搭档很重要。Itisimportanttotrustyourpartnerinthepoliceteam.作主语1.Ithink______isimpossibleforrobots_____________humans.ittoreplace3.Shefeels______easy______

______thehomework.ittofinish2.______isinteresting_____

predictionsaboutthefuture.Ittomake4.Ibelieve______beneficial______

exerciseforhalfanhoureveryday.ittotakeExercisesPresentation②动词不定式作后置定语1.

基本结构名词/代词+todo（不定式）2.作用：放在名词或代词后面，用来修饰这个词，说明它的用途、内容或将要发生的动作。注意：不定式作后置定语时，要和前面的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词，需要加相应介词。Thebesttimetoplanttreesisspring.Ihavenothingtosayonthisquestion.PresentationTranslatethesentencesaccordingtothepicturesandChinese.朱迪有一个成为警察的梦想。Judyhasadreamtobecomeapoliceofficer.作后置定语动物城里有一个待侦破的案件。ThereisacasetosolveinZootopia.作后置定语Presentation③不定式作表语1.

基本结构主语+be动词（am/is/are）+todo（不定式）2.作用：放在be动词后，说明主语的具体内容、目的或将要发生的动作。注意：不定式作表语时，主语常是表示目标、任务、梦想、计划等的名词（如goal,task,dream,plan）。他的工作是饲养动物。Hisworkistofeedanimals.Mydreamistobeadoctor.PresentationTranslatethesentencesaccordingtothepicturesandChinese.朱迪的目标是保护动物城的市民。Judy'sgoalistoprotectthecitizensofZootopia.作表语警方的任务是侦破这个棘手的案件。Thepolice'staskistosolvethedifficultcase.作表语动词不定式todosth.的否定结构：nottodosth.Joedecided__________thegameshows.Joe决定不观看游戏节目。Ipretend__________them.我假装不认识他们。nottowatchnottoknow（1）结构：V＋todo.后常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）有want、hope、begin、try、decide、expect、refuse、wouldlike等。1.Try_________(forget)yourfearsandhavefun!2.Ilovetowatchkungfumovies_________(relax).toforgettorelax④不定式作宾语（2）know,show,ask,tell,teach+特殊疑问词+todo（3）find/feel/thinkit+adj./n.+todosth1.Hethinksitverydifficult

(write)essaysinashorttime.2.TrysingingEnglishsongs,you'llfinditeasy

(learn)Englishwell.John'smotherdidn'tknowwhere

(go)atfirst.togotowritetolearn形式宾语真正宾语what,who,where,when,how等(除了why）作宾语（4）动词不定式作宾语补足语

用于补充说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于某些动词之后，构成“动词＋宾语＋不定式”结构。①用于“命令、要求、允许”类动词后，如ask、tell、order、require、allow。②用于“希望、期望”类动词后，如want、wish、expect、wouldlike。③用于使役动词（如make、have、let等）和感官动词（如see、watch、notice、hear、listento、feel等）后时，动词不定式通常省略to。e.g.Didyounoticeherleavethehouse？你注意到她离开屋子了吗？口诀：

一感(feel)二听

(hear,listento)三使

(have,make,let)

四看(see,watch,notice,observe)半帮助(help)

→动词不定式(短语)在help后作宾语补足语时，可带to也可不带to。动词不定式（短语）作状语往往表示目的、结果或原因等。（1）动词不定式作目的状语用来说明主句动作的目的，翻译时常带有“为了”的含义，可置于句首，也可置于句末，可与inordertodo互换。Tokeephealthy,youshouldchangeyoureatinghabits.=Youshouldchangeyoureatinghabitstokeephealthy.

为了保持健康，你应该改变饮食习惯。⑤不定式作状语I’msorrytohearthat.听到那件事我很难过。常接在作表语的形容词后面。（2）动词不定式作原因状语Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.

她太小了，不能上学。常接用在“too...to”结构中。（3）动词不定式作结果状语1.Emmawenttosportscentertotryiceskating.2.Emmadidn’twanttogoiceskatingagainatfirst.3.FuXingtoldEmmathatnooneexpectedhertobeperfectfromthestart.4.TheinstructortoldEmmanottogiveupsoeasily.5.FuXingusedtobescaredofwater,buthestartedswimmingtogetoverhisfear.6.FuXingencouragedEmmatotryiceskatingagain.作状语，表目的作宾语，表具体某事作宾补作宾补作状语，表目的作宾补Exercises在判断每句话中不定式的成分。Completetheconversationswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.4b1.A:Thanksforyouradvice!Itmademe____________(decide)totryskiing.B:You'rewelcome.Try____________(forget)yourfearsandhavefun!2.A:Mycousinoftenasksme____________(fly)kiteswithherwhenit'swindy.B:Thatsoundsfun!I'dlovetowatchyou____________(fly)kitessometime.3.A:Ilovetowatchkungfumovies____________(relax).B:Really?WhenIwant____________(relax),Iwatchanimalvideos.4.A:Myparentstoldme____________(notpush)myselftoohard.B:Yes,it'simportant_______________(notforget)torelaxonceinawhile.decidetoforgettoflyflytorelaxtorelaxnottopushnottoforgetmake使役动词+省略to的不定式作宾语补足语trytodosth.

作宾语asksb.todosth.

作宾语补足语(宾补)watchsb.dosth.(观看全过程)

省略to,作宾补作目的状语want

todosth.

作宾语tellsb.nottodosth.

作宾补pushoneselftoohard逼自己太紧It’s+adj.+(not)todosth.it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语=fromtimetotime偶尔地；间或chat

(not)come

dolistenplayspendstaywatchCompletethepassagewiththeinfinitiveformsoftheverbsinthebox.Whatdoyouusuallydooutdoors?4cMytwinbrotherandIlookalike,butwearesodifferent.Ilovesport,andIoftenmeetmyfriends__________footballandtennis.Mybrotherjoinedustoplayfootballonceortwice,buthedecided____________