Unit3Discoveringusefulstructures语法课件-高中英语人教版

Unit3LearningAboutLanguageDirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech

人教版选择性必修3Learningobjectives:1.Observeandperceivethefunctionsandmeaningsdirectspeechandindirectspeechincontext.2.Summerizetheconversationrulesofdirectspeechandindirectspeechthroughindependentinquiry,andexperiencethecharacteristicsoftheEnglishlanguage.3.Throughvariousformsandmulti-levelexercises,onecanexpressoneselforallyandinwritingusingdirectspeechandindirectspeech.概念直接引述别人的原话，叫_________.用自己的话转述别人的话，叫_________.直接引语通常用_________括起来，间接引语在大多数情况下都构成一个_________.直接引语变为间接引语时，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词、句型等一般要作相应的变化。直接引语间接引语引号“”宾语从句DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechShesaid,“Itistoolate.”Shesaidthatitwastoolate.ThereporterTheThereporter

asked,“Howcanwesavepolarbearsfromextinction?”“Let’sworktogethertostopclimatechange,”theexpertsaid.Theexpertadvisedustoworktogethertostopclimatechange.Thereporteraskedhowwecouldsavepolarbearsfromextinction.1.人称变化观察思考①Shesaid,“Iamhungry.”→Shesaidthatshewashungry.②Mumsaidtome,“Youcancleanyourbedroomtomorrow.”→MumtoldmethatIcouldcleanmybedroomthenextday.③MrSmithsaid,“Heisagoodworker.”→MrSmithsaidthathewasagoodworker.探究总结①直接引语中的第一人称（I,me,my,mine,us,our,ours）变为间接引语时应与主句中的____保持一致。②直接引语中的第二人称（you,your,yours）变为间接引语时，应与主句中的_____保持一致，若主句中无宾语，可根据上下文确定一个宾语。③直接引语中的第三人称（he,him,his,she,her,hers,it,its,they,them,their,theirs）变为间接引语时，人称不变。主语宾语人称变化规则一随主，

二随宾，第三人称不更新。助记即学即练句型转换①Hesaid,“Ilikeitverymuch.”→Hesaidthat____likeditverymuch.②Hesaidtome,“Youtoldmethisstory.”→Hetoldmethat__hadtold____thatstory.③Hesaidtome,“Shehasleftherbookinyourroom.”→Hetoldmethat_____hadleft____bookinmyroom.heIhimsheher2.时态变化观察思考①“Iamverygladtovisityourschool.”shesaid→Shesaidthatshewasverygladtovisitourschool.②Thepeoplesaid,“Wewereshockedbythenewsphotoofadeadpolarbear.”→Thepeoplesaidthattheyhadbeenshockedbythenewsphotoofadeadpolarbear.③Tomsaid,“Iwilldoitafterclass.”→Tomsaidthathewoulddoitafterclass.④Theboysaid,“I’mlearningEnglish.”→TheboysaidthathewaslearningEnglish.⑤Mothersaid,“Ihavenotwashedyourshirt.”→Mothersaidthatshehadnotwashedmyshirt.⑥Theboysaid,“IhadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforewathchingTV.”→TheboysaidthathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforewatchingTV.探究总结⑴如果主句是一般过去时，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句在时态方面要做相应的变化，具体变化如下：直接引语间接引语一般现在时①______________一般过去时②______________一般将来时③______________现在进行时④______________现在完成时⑤______________过去完成时⑥______________⑵在下面几种情况中，直接引语变间接引语时，时态不发生变化：①直接引语如果是科学真理，名言警句或谚语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。②直接引语中有具体是过去某年，某月，某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态来变。③如果主句是一般现在时或将来时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。一般过去时过去完成时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时即学即练句型转换①Tomsaid,“Wearelisteningtothepopmusic.”→Tomsaidthatthey____________tothepopmusic.②Theexpertsaid,“Wehumanbeingscansavethepolarbearsfromextinction.”→Theexpertsaidthatwehumanbeings_________thepolarbearsfromextinction.③Sheoftensays,“Allmenandwomenareequalunderthelaw.”→Sheoftensaysthatallmenandwomen___equalunderthelaw.④“Itookthelittlebirdhome.”Shesaid.→Shesaidthatshe_________thelittlebirdhome.⑤MrLisaid,“IwillleaveforShanghai.”→MrLisaidthathe__________forShanghai.werelisteningcouldsavearehadtakenwouldleave3.指示代词，时间状语，地点状语及方向性动词的变化观察思考Thelawyersaid,“Iwillcomethismorning.”→Thelawyersaidthathe/shewouldgothatmorning.Hesaid,“Thesebooksaremine.”→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.Shesaid,“Itisnineo’clocknow.”→Shesaidthatitwasnineo’clockthen.Bobsaid,“Mysisterwasherethreedaysago.”→Bobsaidthathissisterhadbeentherethreedaysbefore/ealier.Davidsaid,“Ihaven’tseenhertoday.”→Davidsaidthathehadn’tseenherthatday.Shesaid,“Iwentthereyesterday.”Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.Shesaid,“I’llgotheretomorrow.”→Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethenext/followingday.Thecaptainsaid,“Theywillarrivethedayaftertomorrow.”→Thecaptainsaidthattheywouldarriveintwodays’time.Shesaid,“Icameheretoseethedoctorthedaybeforeyesterday.”→Shesaidthatshehadgonetheretoseethedoctortwodaysbefore/earlier.探究总结用词直接引语间接引语指示代词this①_____these②_______时间状语now③______ago④_______today⑤___________yesterday⑥________________tomorrow⑦_______________________thedayaftertomorrow⑧____________________thedaybeforeyesterday⑨_______________________tonightthatnightlastnightthenightbeforenextweekthenext/followingweekthismorningthatmorning地点状语here⑩___________方向性动词comegobringtakethatthosethenbeforethatdaythedaybeforethenext/followingdayintwodays’timetwodaysbefore/earlierthere

即学即练句型转换①MrLisaid,“Thisismyseat.”→MrLisaidthat_____wasmyseat.②MissZhaosaid,“Theseproblemsareeasy.”→MissZhaosaidthat_____problemswereeasy.③Shesaid,“Ihaven’tfinishedmyworktoday.”→Shesaidthatshehadn’tfinishedherwork_______.④Tomsaid,“IwillvisittheGreatWalltomorrow.”→TomsaidthathewouldvisittheGreatWall__________________.⑤Bobsaid,“Mywifereturned40minutesago.”→Bobsaidthathiswifehadreturned40minutes______.⑥Shesaidtome,“I’llbringtheboysheretohelpyouthisafternoon.”→Shetoldmethatshewouldtaketheboystheretohelpme____________.thatthosethatdaythenext/followingdaybeforethatafternoon4.句式变化观察思考Tomsaidtome,“IhavebeentoJapantwice.”→TometoldmethathehadbeentoJapantwice.Hesaid,“Doyouknowthereasonforglobalwarming?”→Heaskedif/whetherweknewthereasonforglobalwarming.“Whyhastheearthgotwarmerandwarmer?”heasked.→Heaskedwhytheearthhadgotwarmerandwarmer.探究总结①如果直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，常变成由连接词____引导的宾语从句，该词在从句中不作成分，在口语中可以省略。主句谓语saidto常改为told.②直接引语引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或附加疑问句时，间接引语中常用___或_______引导。主句谓语said常改为______.③直接引语是特殊疑问句时，变为间接引语仍用原句中的特殊疑问词引导，并将疑问语序变为_____语序。其余成分的变化遵循直接引语和间接引语之间的转换规则。thatifwhetherasked陈述即学即练句型转换①Hesaid,“Iwillbedoingmyhomeworkthen.”→Hesaid_____hewouldbedoinghishomeworkthen.②“Didyouseeherlastweek?”heasked.→Heasked_________Ihadseenhertheweekbefore.③“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.→Heaskedme______Ihadbeenthosedays.thatif/whetherwhere5.祈使句变间接引语⑴基本变化规则观察思考①Shesaidtous,“Pleasehavearest.”→Sheaskedustohavearest.②Theoldmansaid,“Don’tsmokeinthehall.”→Theoldtoldmenottosmokeinthehall.探究总结

引述祈使句多采用“动词+宾语+带____的不定式”结构，如果祈使句为否定句，在不定式的前面加______或never.tonot即学即练①“Dobecarefulwithyourhandwritingwhiledoingyourhomework.”hesaid.→Hetoldme______careful______handwritingwhiledoingmyhomework.②“Don’ttakeoffyourcoats,”shesaidtothechildren.→Shetoldthechildren______takeoff_____coats.③Fathersaid,“Don’tstayuplate,Lily.”→FathertoldLily______stayuplate.tobewithmynottotheirnotto⑵谓语动词的变化观察思考①Fathersaidtome,“Openthewindow.”→Fathertoldmetoopenthewindow.②“Nevercomehereagain!”theofficersaidtothevillagers.→Theofficerorderedthevillagersnevertogothereagain.③“Let’sgooutforawalk.”hesaidtous.→Headvisedustogooutforawalk.

④“Pleasepassmethatbook.”shesaidtoJohn.→SheaskedJohntopassherthatbook.探究总结①如果直接引语中的祈使句表示命令变为间接引语时，引述动词需要用____,_____,command等。②如果直接引语中的祈使句表示建议、劝告，变为间接引语时，引述动词需要用___