中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件专题一冠词

专题一冠词

纵观近几年全国各地的中考试题,大多数都涉及对冠词的考查,通常以单项选择或语法选择的形式出现。冠词本身是虚词,不能单独作句子的成分,一般位于名词之前,作用是帮助说明名词所指的含义。冠词分为不定冠词(a,an)和定冠词(the)两大类。在很多场合中,我们还会看到零冠词的提法。所谓零冠词就是不用冠词。冠词的用法如下表所示:类别用法示例不定冠词a和an1.

表示“一个”的概念,但数的概念没有one强Miss

Black

bought

a

dictionary

yesterday.

An

apple

a

day

keeps

the

doctor

away.

2.

指某人或某物,但又不具体指哪个人或哪个物A

reporter

wants

to

see

you.

An

ambulance

drove

past.3.

表示一类人或事物A

car

runs

faster

than

a

bus.

An

elephant

is

bigger

than

a

horse.

4.

用在某些固定搭配中a

few,

a

bit,

a

little,

a

lot

of,

a

number

of注意:a用于以辅音音素开头的单词之前;而an则用于以元音音素开头的单词之前Mr.Green

is

a

university

teacher.

It

took

me

an

hour

to

finish

the

work.

类别用法示例定冠词the1.

特指具体的某人或某事物The

man

in

blue

is

my

uncle.

Beijing

is

the

capital

of

China.

2.

指上文提到过的人或事物There

is

a

book

on

the

desk.

The

book

is

mine.

3.

指双方都知道的人或事物Pass

me

the

pen,

please.

4.

用在世界上或在一定的范围内独一无二的事物前The

moon

goes

round

the

earth.

The

sky

is

always

blue

here.

5.

用在序数词、形容词最高级以及方位名词前the

first,

the

most

beautiful,

in

the

middle,

in

the

north,

in

the

west,

in

the

east6.

用在乐器名词前She

often

plays

the

piano

in

the

evening.

类别用法示例定冠词the7.

用在复数姓氏前,表示一家人the

Greens,

the

Smiths8.“the+形容词”可以用来表示某一类人the

old,

the

young,

the

rich,

the

poor9.

用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前the

Great

Wall,

the

Summer

Palace10.

用在表示江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉、群岛等的名词前the

Yellow

River,

the

West

Lake,

the

Pacific

Ocean

11.

用在一些习惯用语中in

the

morning,

by

the

way12.

用在same的前面in

the

same

class,

the

same…as13.

用在逢十的复数基数词前,表示年代He

went

abroad

in

the

1970s.

14.

用在单数名词前表示一类人或物,强调整个类别The

child

needs

love

and

care.

The

horse

is

a

useful

animal.

类别用法示例零冠词1.

用在人名、地名、大部分的国名等专有名词前Susan,

Hong

Kong,

Beijing,

China,

America,

England,

Russia2.

用在不可数名词前Water

is

very

important

for

us.

3.

名词前已经有this、that、my、your、some、any等指示代词、形容词性物主代词或不定代词修饰时Look

at

this

map.

That

is

my

schoolbag.

May

I

ask

you

some

questions?4.

用在一日三餐、学科和球类运动的名词前Jim

often

has

breakfast

at

home.

English

is

my

favourite

subject.

Do

you

enjoy

playing

football?类别用法示例零冠词5.

用在节日、星期、月份、季节名词前Teachers’

Day,

on

Sunday,

in

June,

in

winter6.

用在称呼或表示头衔的名词前Miss

Li,

Uncle

Wang,

Dad,

Mum,

Chairman

Mao7.

用在某些固定搭配中on

foot,

in

bed,

at

work,

at

last,

at

home,

in

time,

at

night,

at

noon,

by

bus

注意,下列情况应加冠词:(1)三餐的名词前有形容词修饰时;(2)特指某一年的某个季节时They

had

a

quick

breakfast.

in

the

autumn

of

2025【例1】(

)Today,thekitchenisstillaplaceforLilyandMomtohave________funtogether.

A.\ B.a C.the(2025·广东中考)【解析】本题考查冠词的用法。句意:如今,厨房仍然是莉莉和妈妈一起享受乐趣的地方。A项表示不填;

B项a是不定冠词,表示一个;C项the是定冠词,表示特指。“have

fun”意为

“玩得开心,享受乐趣”,是动词短语,中间不加冠词。故选A。【例2】(

)Tolearnhowtodealwithmoneyis

usefullife

skill.

A.a B.an C.the(2024·广东中考)【解析】本题考查不定冠词。A项a是不定冠词,表示泛指一个,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;B项an是不定冠词,表示泛指一个,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;C项the是定冠词,表示特指。句意:学会如何处理金钱是一项有用的生活技能。此处泛指一项生活技能,且设空处后的

“useful”以辅音音素开头,故选A。【例3】(

)Davidhasbeentomanyspacecampsoverthelasteight

years.Lastmonth,hewentto________newspacecamp.

A.a B.an C.the(2023·广东中考)【解析】本题考查不定冠词。A项a是不定冠词,表示泛指一个,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;B项an是不定冠词,表示泛指一个,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;C项the是定冠词,表示特指。句意:过去的八年里,大卫去过了很多个太空营。上个月他去了一个新的太空营。此处泛指一个新的太空营,且设空处后的

“new”以辅音音素开头,故选A。【例4】(

)Sometimeswhenshewassotiredthatshefeltlikecrying,

shewouldfind

quietplaceandcriedaloud.

A.a B.an C.the【解析】本题考查不定冠词。A项a是不定冠词,表示泛指一个,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;B项an是不定冠词,表示泛指一个,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;C项the是定冠词,表示特指。句意:有时当她感到很累以至于很想哭的时候,她就会找一个安静的地方大哭。此处泛指一个安静的地方,且设空处后的

“quiet”以辅音音素开头,故选A。(

)1.Stevehas

badcold,buthekeepsplaying__________

guitarfortwohourseveryday.

A.a;the B.the;\ C.\;the(

)2.—Isthis

book?

—Yes,it’s

oldbook.

A.a;an B.an;a C.an;anAA(

)3.Peteris

honestboyand

goodfriendofmine.

A.a;the B.the;an C.an;a(

)4.Franceis

Europeancountry.Parisis

capitalofFrance.

A.an;a B.an;the C.a;the(

)5.Thereis

eraseronthedesk.

eraserisTom’s.

A.a;The B.an;An C.an;TheCCC一、语法选择请通读下面短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Susanisthedaughterofmyneighbor.Anyonewhomeetsherwillsaysheisalovelygirl.ButwhenImovedherefive

1

ago,shewastotallyanotherperson.

(

)1.A.year B.year’s C.yearsCSusanusedtobehavewildly

2

badly.Shewouldusedirtywordswhenshewas

3

.Sometimessherolled(滚动)

4

the

ground

to

show

that

she

was

angry,

which

often

shocked

all

the

people

around.

Her

parents

tried

to

educate

5

with

clear

rules.

However,

it

was

not

easy.

Sometimes

the

parents

really

didn’t

know

what

6

.

(

)2.A.or B.and C.but(

)3.A.angry B.anger C.angrily(

)4.A.in B.under C.on(

)5.A.she B.her C.hers(

)6.A.do B.todo C.doingBACBB Thingshardlychangeduntiloneday.Mrs.Smith,

7

kindelderlylady,gaveSusanabeautifulSnowWhitedress.She

8

inlovewiththedressassoonasshesawit.Afterthedress

9

on,Susanseemedtobedifferent—shebegantoactmoregently.Sincethen,shehaslearned

10

tobewell-behavedandgraduallybecomethelovelygirlsheisnow.Itwasn’tjustthedressitself,butthefeelingofbeingseenasgoodandlovelythatinspiredhertobehavebetter.

(

)7.A.a B.an C.the(

)8.A.fall B.fell C.willfall(

)9.A.wasput B.isput C.put(

)10.A.that B.how C.whetherABAB Perhapseveryonehasa“beautifuldress”hiddensomewhereinhisorherheart.Deepdown,weallwishtobebetter.Maybewejustneedalittlekindnessandabitofbelieftomakeitcometrue.二、短文填空请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余选项。March22ndisWorldWaterDay.It1.

in1993.Itnotonlymakesusthinkabouttheimportance2.

water,butalsocallsonustosaveandprotectwater.“WasteWater”wasoncethesubjectofWorldWaterDay.Whatiswastewater?

wherever

but

deal

factory

harm

fordifferent of

start and

people westartedof Wastewaterisusedwater.Usually,wastewatercomesfrom3.

,hospitals,homesandsoon.Peopleproduce