广东省广州市天河区2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题（原卷版）

学年第二学期天河区期末考试高二英语本试卷共8页，满分为150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、姓名、班级、座位号和考生号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，再用2B铅笔把考号的对应数字涂黑。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共10小题;每小题3分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A，B，C，D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A“Haveyoucheckedtheoilinthecar?”myfatherusedtosaytome,hisversionof“Hello,hopeyouarewell.”Sometimesourphonecallswouldbeginwithaninquiry(询问)abouttheoilandendwithaninquiryabouttheoil,withnotalotinbetween.Fathershavealotoflovetogive,butit’softensuppliedthroughthemediumofpracticaladvice.Inmyexperience:It’smostlyaboutyourmotorvehicle.“How’sthecarrunning?”“Didyougetitserviced?”“Howdidyougetthatscrapeontheside?”Whycan’twefathersjustsay“Iloveyou”or“It’sgreattoseeyou”?Thepointis:That’sexactlywhatwearesaying.YoujusthavetotranslatefromthelanguagethatisFatherlish.Listencloselyenoughandthephrase“Iloveyou”canbeheardintheslightlylonger“IcouldcomearoundSaturdayandreplacethesiliconsealaroundthebaseofyourtoiletbecauseIthinkthatthingisgettingreallysmelly.”Thestatement“Youmademylifebetterfromthemomentyouwereborn”mayberarelyheard,buttheideaisthereinthemorecommon“I’llholdtheladderwhileyougettheleavesoutofthegutter.”WhenIwas17,Iwentonmyfirstroadtrip--afriendandIinmybatteredcar.Myfatherstoodonthecornerinthepredawnofacoldmorningtosaygoodbye.“Highwaysaredangerous,”hesaid,“sodon’ttryovertaking(超过)anythingfasterthanahorseandbuggy.Andtakeabreakeverytwohours.Andeverytimeyoustopforgas,youreallyshouldchecktheoil.”Atthetimewethoughthisspeechwasprettyfunnyandwouldsing“horse-and-buggy,horse-and-buggy”everytimeIflooredtheacceleratortoovertakesomeotherspeedingvehicle.Dad’slonggonenow.Butafteralltheseyears,IrealizethathadIownedacopyoftheFatherlish-to-Englishdictionary,I’dhaveunderstoodthatthespeechmyfriendandIsocasuallymockedwassimplyDad’sattemptatlove.1.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowinparagraph1?A.Hewasdissatisfiedwithhisfather. B.Hisfatherwasconcernedabouthiscar.C.Hehadnothingtotalkaboutwithhisfather. D.Hisfathergavehimloveinanindirectway.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mocked”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Laughedat. B.Tookin.C.Worriedabout. D.Turneddown.3.Whydoestheauthorwritethistext?A.Togiveadvice. B.Torememberhisfather.C.Tosharealifeexperience. D.Tostresssafedriving.BFiveyearsago,MeredithArthur,a45-year-oldSanFranciscoresidentandanemployeeofasocialmediacompany,arrivedataneurologist(神经科医生)appointmentinafrustratedstate.Shespokeamileaminute,explainingwhyshethoughtshemightholdcluestoherdisabledshoulderandneckpain,frequentdizziness,and…“Iwaspresentingmyinexpertcasetoanexpert,whostoppedmeandsaid,‘Iknowwhat’swrong.Youhavegeneralizedanxietydisorder.’”Arthurrecalls.Thediagnosis(诊断)tookArthurbysurprise.Shehadbeensofocusedonherabnormalphysicalsymptoms(症状)thatshehadn’tconsideredthattheycouldbelinkedtohermentalhealth.Almostimmediately,itclicked.“Mybrainwasalwaysinoverdrive,”Arthurrecalls.“Iwantedtoworkallthetimeandsolveeverything.”Shewouldneverhavedescribedherselfasaworrier,however,andcertainlydidn’tconnectherperfectionismtoanxietyoritseffectonherbody.But,infact,physicaldiscomfort—notupsettingthoughts—ismostoftenwhatdrivespeoplewithanxietytoseektreatment.“Thediagnosischangedeverything,”saysArthur.“It’slikesomebodypickedmeupofftheearth,turnedmearound180degrees,andputmebackdown.Itwasthesameworld,buteverythinglookedalittledifferent.”Arthurisoneofthe40millionAmericanadultswhoexperienceananxietydisorder—themostcommonformofmentalillness—everyyear.Butanxietytoucheseveryonetovaryingdegrees.Typically,it’sbroughtonbyastressfulorpainfulevent.Itskeyfeaturesaretoomuchfearandworry,andoneofthemajorfactorsisafeelingofuncertaintyaboutsituationsthatoccurindailylife.Theseareparticularlyuncertaintimesduetothecombinationofeconomicdangerousness,socialunrestandenvironmentaldisasters.Managinganxietywillensureitdoesn’truleyourlife.4.HowdidMeredithArthurfeelafterthediagnosis?A.Confused. B.Shocked.C.Frustrated. D.Disappointed.5WhydoestheauthortellthestoryofMeredithArthur?A.Torelatephysicalsymptomstomentalhealth.B.Tosuggesttheimportanceofseekingtreatment.C.Topresentatypicalexampleofanxietydisorder.D.Toshowtheseriousnessofherphysicalsymptoms.6.Whatcanwelearnaboutanxietydisorder?A.Itresultsfromuncertaintyinlife. B.Itishardtogetpropertreatment.C.Itiscausedbyphysicaldiscomfort. D.ItisthemostcommonillnessinUSA.CTheworld’smajorfoodcrops—rice,wheat,corn—mustbeplantedagainforeveryharvest.That’salotofworkforfarmersandcancontributetoenvironmentalproblemssuchassoilerosion(水土流失).Perennial(多年生的)grainsthatsurviveandproduceyearafteryearcouldeasetheburden.Thisyear,researchersinChinashowedperennialricecanmeetthosestandardsandsavefarmersmanyweeksofhardwork.CalledPerennialRice23(PR23),thevarietywascreatedyearsagobycrossingacommercialvarietyofAsianricewithaperennialwildricethatgrowsinAfrica.PR23producedjustasmuchgrainasregular,seasonallyplantedrice,theteamreportedlastmonth.Inthefirstyear,plantingandcultivation(栽培)costaboutthesame.Butinthesecondyear,farmerscouldremoveamajortask:replantingyoungriceseedlingsintothericefield.Skippingthisstepgreatlyreducedtheamountofwork,andhelpedlowerfarmers’costsbyhalf.Soilnutritionalsoincreasedinthefieldscontainingperennialrice.Bythefifthyear,however,productiondroppedsomuchthattheperennialriceneededtobereplanted.MoreandmorefarmersaregrowingPR23,thankstotechnicalassistancefromYunnanUniversityandgovernmentpromotion.PerennialricecouldalsoreducesoilerosionintheterraceduplandsofSoutheastAsia.Butresearchersstillneedtodevelopavarietyadaptedtothatenvironment’sdrierandlessrichsoil.Researchersalsoworryaboutlong-termimpacts.Oneconcernisthattherewillbemoreweedsanddisease-causingorganismsinthefields,requiringmorechemicals.Anotherquestioniswhetherthericereleasesmorenitrousoxide—astronggreenhousegas.Butascultivationspreads,thecostsandbenefitsofperennialriceshouldcomeintofocus.7.WhatisanadvantageofPR23?A.Productionincreaseseveryyear. B.Itreducesfarmers’costeachyear.C.Thesoilwithitgetsmorenutritious. D.Thereisnoneedtoreplantseedlings.8.Whatmightbeaconcernforresearchersofperennialrice?A.Itmayproduceaharmfulgas. B.Itiseasilyaffectedbydiseases.CItisnotadaptedtolocalclimate. D.Itmaydoharmtotheenvironment.9.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Perennialricereplacesregularrice. B.Perennialricereformsricegrowing.C.Perennialriceboostsriceproduction. D.Perennialricepromiseseasierfarming.10.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Asciencemagazine.C.Abiologypaper. D.Agovernmentreport.第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostofuslookforwardtotheweekendasatimetorelaxconnectwithfriendsandfamily.Butastheweekendcomestoanend,manyofusaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencingasenseofanxiety.Expertshavedubbed(戏称)thisworrythe“Sundayscaries.”____11____.Here’showexpertssayyoucanovercomeyourend-of-weekendanxiety.StructureyourSundayStructurecanbeabestfriendwhenfeelingtheSundayscaries.____12____.Youmightstillgetasenseoffear,butthatfeelingishardertoholdontowhenyou’reengaginginsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood.____13____WhenstructuringyourSunday,trynottoarrangetoomanyerrandsandchores(事务).Ifyou’refeelingmorestressingeneral,it’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivitiestogroundyourself.Andthere’snorightwaytorelax.Maybeamid-afternoonshowerorbath,maybeanengagingmovieorshow.Identifyyouranxietysources____14____.Isitadeadline,meetingorpresentation?Evenifthere’snotasinglereasonbehindyourSundayanxiety,expertsrecommendcreatingmultipleto-doliststomakeitallmoremanageable.Onelistfortasksthatneedtobecompletedimmediately,anotherfortasksthatarelessurgent,andafinallistfortasksthatyou’dliketocompleteatsomepoint.CreatesomeexcitementfortheweekaheadHavingsomethingtolookforwardtogivesyousomethingtothinkaboutthat’spleasing,ratherthanonlyfocusingonthefearyoufeel.Insteadoffocusingontheawfulthingsyouexpectfromtheweek,buildexcitementoveracoffeeorlunchdatewithafriendyou’vebeenmeaningtocatchupwith.____15____.A.Don’tforgettorelaxB.StopdoingerrandsandchoresC.Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutofeartheweekD.ButeventhoughtheSundayscariesarecommon,theyaremanageableE.Insteadofsittingonthecouchandwatchingtheclock,dosomethingyouenjoyF.ThisallowsyoutoshiftyourthoughtstosomethingfunandhelpsimproveyourmoodG.Itisanoverwhelmingfeelingoffearandanxietyaboutgoingtoworkorschoolthenextday第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A，B，C，D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ItwasacoldDecember,attheendoftheGreatDepression,andthingsweretough.Mumhada____16____timeraisinguskidsonherown.Lookingback,IrealizewhatMum____17____sendingustoschool.Constant____18____wastypicalformyfamily,anditdidn’tlooklikewe’dbeinourcurrenthousemuchlonger.Rentwas$25amonth,butMumcouldn’tpayit.Theholidayswerefast____19____,andwereceivedS25forChristmasfromsocialservices.MumsaidinsteadofbuyingfoodandChristmasgifts,shewasgoingtopaybackour____20____withit.Thatwaywe’dhavearoofoverourheadsforalittlewhilelonger.UnknowntoMum,Ihadbeen____21____Christmastrees,shoveling(铲)snowanddoingoddjobstoearnenoughmoneytobuyanewpairofboots.The____22____daycameonChristmasEveafternoon.Iwasvery____23____asIhurriedtocatchthebusintotown.OnthewayahousewithChristmasdecorationsremindedmethatatourhouse,wehadnosuchthingsandno____24____forChristmasgoodies.Suddenly,Ifeltasenseof_____25_____.HereIwasgoingtospendS23onapairofboots,whileMumwasprobablyhome_____26_____,wonderinghowtoexplainwhytherewereno_____27_____.AsIarrivedatthebusstop,thedriveropenedthedoor.Istoodthereforwhatseemedacentury,until_____28_____thedriverasked,“Son,areyougettingonthisbusornot?”Ifinallyblurtedout,“Nothanks,sir.I’ve_____29_____mymind.”ThebusdroveoffandIstoodalone,feelingasifaweighthadbeenliftedoffmyshoulders.Iwentintoa_____30_____acrossthestreet,with_____31_____andexcitement.Iboughtaturkey,hamandalltheChristmastrimmings.Ispenteverydimeofmy_____32_____money.Twoboyswithcarriersontheirbicyclesranthosegroceriestoourhouse.Afterwe_____33_____piled(堆)thegroceriesagainstthedoor,I_____34_____thedoor.Icouldhardlywaittoseemymother’sface!WhenMumopenedthedoor,someofthegroceriesfellinsideontothefloor,andshejuststoodthere,extremely_____35_____.Holdingbackthetears,Iyelled,“MerryChristmas,Mother!TherereallyisaSantaClaus!”16.A.good B.fun C.hard D.busy17.A.wentthrough B.searchedfor C.figuredout D.thoughtabout18A.quarrelling B.meeting C.moving D.working19.A.passing B.flying C.ending D.approaching20.A.rent B.debt C.food D.schooling21.A.planting B.ordering C.selling D.watering22.A.big B.final C.same D.wonder23.A.nervous B.excited C.satisfied D.curious24.A.need B.money C.desire D.passion25.A.pity B.sadness C.disappointment D.guilt26.A.insurprise B.inanger C.indoubt D.intears27.A.guests B.presents C.candies D.boots28.A.eventually B.angrily C.happily D.suddenly29.A.changed B.lost C.cleared D.opened30.A.house B.store C.church D.station31.A.hope B.willingness C.happiness D.courage32.A.extra B.pocket C.lucky D.hard-earned33.A.patiently B.quietly C.quickly D.properly34.A.shoutedat B.leanedagainst C.pushedopen D.knockedat35.A.satisfied B.delighted C.surprised D.frightened第Ⅱ卷第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AchiengtookupChineselanguagestudiesduringherundergraduateeducation____36____(hope)togetachancetotravelinChina.____37____,asherinterestintheChineselanguagegrew,shetookthestudiesoftheChineselanguagemoreseriouslyandtodayshe____38____(teach)thelanguageattheConfuciusInstituteattheUniversityofNairobi.____39____Achieng’sdaysasastudent,theChineselanguagehadnotbeenofficiallyadoptedintotheKenyaneducationcurriculumandshewaslucky____40____(learn)thelanguageattheConfuciusInstitute.In2019,theKenyangovernmentintroducedtheChineselanguageas____41____optionalsubjectforyounglearnersalongwithotherforeignlanguages,____42____Achiengthinkshighlyof.“Thisisbetterbecauseyounglearnershavemoretimeandtheirbrainscanhandleanewlanguagebetter.Italsogivesthem____43____(expose)tothecultureearlyenough.”Achiengsaid.AsaChineselanguagelecturer,Achiengseesnumerous____44____(benefit)forKenyanstudentswhochooseChineseasaforeignlanguage.Notonlydotheyhavemoreemploymentopportunities,buttheyalsostandachancetoearnscholarshipopportunitiesfor____45____(far)studiesinChinaandlaterlandbusinessopportunitiesinbothKenyaandChina.第三部分基础知识(共三节，满分30分)第一节单词运用(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次，每空填入一个单词。salarycapacityrealisticdozencomposeroughdeservepolishapplaudcomplicatedBuildingScenesfortheScreenZhangYuyao,a3DenvironmentalartistinCanadawithtwoyearsofworkingexperience,____46____herselfwhenseeinghernameonthestafflistofTheMandalorian.ZhangiscurrentlyworkingforavisualeffectcompanyresponsiblefortheAvatarseries.“Whatwedoistotrickpeople’seyes,”shesaid,“westartbychoosingfragments(碎片)fromtherealworld.”Forexample,whenbuildingasceneoftheancientGreekgodZeus’spalace,theartistsuse____47____ofpillars(柱子)fromthepicturesofGreek-styletemplestomakethescenemore____48____.Theartiststhen____49____theelementstogether,drawingtherestofthescenery.Abasic3Dmodelofthebackgroundisthenformed.Afterthat,theycolorthemodelandaddtexture.Atthisphase,itmaystilllook____50____,whichiswhythereneedstobea“cameramatch”.Withallsourcesoflighting,includingsunlight,moonlightandlamplight,affectingthescenedifferently,themodelcanbehighly____51____.Environmentalartistsarewidelyneededwitharelativelyhigh____52____.They____53____tobewellpaidbecausethejobisreallyhighlydemanding.The____54____tolearnquicklyisamust.Besides,sincedetailsareparticularlyimportant,thea