新能源汽车专业英语试题库

机工版《新能源汽车专业英语》(第2版)试题库第一部分：专业术语ACinductionmotor(ACIM)交流感应式电机activetest主动测试alkalinebattery碱性电池alkalinefuelcell碱性燃料电池all-electricrange(AER)满电续航里程alternativefuel替代燃料alternativefueledvehicle替代燃料汽车ampere-hour(Ah)capacity安时容量armaturewinding电枢绕组asynchronousACmotor异步交流电机automatictransmission自动变速器auxiliarybattery辅助蓄电池balancingunit平衡装置batteryblock电池块，电池子模块batterycontroller蓄电池控制器batteryelectricvehicle(BEV)纯电动汽车batterymanagementsystem（BMS）电池管理系统（BMS）batterypack电池组CE内燃机cellcontroller单体电池控制器chargestate荷电状态chargingrate充电率，充电速度citybus城市公共汽车CNG压缩天然气commutatorsegment换向器片compressednaturalgas压缩天然气compressionignitionengine压燃式发动机continuouslyvariabletransmission机械式无级变速器currentdriver电流驱动器current-carryingconductor载流导体cyclelife循环寿命DC-DCconverter直流-直流变换器deep-cyclebattery深度循环蓄电池depthofdischarge(DoD)放电深度designparameter设计参数diagnostictroublecode故障码dieselfuel柴油燃料digitalmultimeter(DMM)数字式万用表dischargerate放电率driveforce驱动力drivetrain传动系统drivewheel驱动车轮，驱动轮drivercircuit驱动电路drivingrange续驶里程electricdrivemotor驱动电机electricmotor电动机electricvehicle电动汽车electricalmachine电机electricalschematic电气原理图，电气简图electric-poweredvehicle电动汽车electronicfuelinjection电子控制燃油喷射electronicswitch电子开关electronicthrottle电子节气门energyaccumulator蓄能器，储能系统energydensity能量密度energystoragesystem(ESS)储能系统energystorageunit储能装置excitationcurrent励磁电流fatiguefailure疲劳失效fieldcoil励磁线圈，磁场线圈fieldwinding磁场绕组flexiblefuelvehicles(FFV)灵活燃料汽车fluxleakage漏磁fossilfuel化石燃料，矿物燃料freezeframe冻结数据帧front-wheeldrive前轮驱动fueleconomy燃油经济性fueltank燃油箱fuel-cellcar燃料电池汽车fuel-cellelectricvehicles(FCEV)燃料电池电动汽车fuel-cellstack燃料电池堆fullhybrid重度混合动力gasinjector气体喷射器gasolineengine汽油机gearunit齿轮机构hand-heldtester手持式检测仪HVbatterypack高压电池组hybridcar混合动力汽车hybriddrive混合动力，混合驱动装置hybridelectricvehicles(HEV)混合动力电动汽车hybridizationfactor混合度hydrogenfuelcell氢燃料电池hydrogenfuelingstation加氢站ICengine内燃机individualcell单体电池insulatedgatebipolartransistor(IGBT)绝缘栅双极晶体管insulationresistance绝缘电阻integratedmotorassist(IMA)集成化电机辅助intelligentpowerunit(IPU)智能动力单元inverterassembly逆变器总成lead-acidbattery铅酸蓄电池liquefiednaturalgas液化天然气lithiumbattery锂电池lithiumironphosphate磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4)lithiumnickelcobaltmanganate三元锂（镍钴锰酸锂）(LiNiCoMnO2)lithium-ionbattery锂离子电池lithium-polymerbattery锂聚合物电池LNG液化天然气magneticfield磁场mediumhybrid中度混合动力meggertester绝缘测试仪membraneelectrodeassembly(MEA)膜电极metalhydride金属氢化物mildhybrid轻度混合动力milespergallon(MPG)英里/加仑milespergallonequivalent(MPGe)当量英里/加仑motordrivemodule(MDM)电机驱动模块motorgenerator（MG）电机/发电机总成motorinverter电机逆变器negativeelectrode负极nickelmetalhydridebatterypack镍氢电池组nickel-basedbattery镍电池nickel-cadmium(Ni-Cd)battery镍镉(Ni-Cd)电池nickel-metalhydride(NiMH)battery镍氢(NiMH)电池off-boardcharging离车充电onboardcharging车载充电，随车充电opencircuit断路oxidation-reductionreaction氧化还原反应parallelhybrid并联式混合动力passengervehicle乘用车，载客车辆performanceparameter性能参数permanentmagnet永久磁铁permanentmagnetbrushlessDCmotor永磁无刷直流电机petrolengine汽油机plug-inelectricvehicles(PEV)插电式电动汽车plug-inHEV插电式混合动力电动汽车plug-inhybridelectricvehicle(PHEV) 插电式混合动力电动汽车positiveelectrode正极powerbattery动力电池powerdensity功率密度powerdown断电，掉电powertransistor功率晶体管power-splithybrid功率分流式混合动力，混联式混合动力protonexchangemembranefuelcell(PEMFC)质子交换膜燃料电池pulsewidth脉冲宽度，脉宽pureelectricvehicle纯电动汽车regenerativebraking再生制动remainingcapacity剩余容量rollingresistiveforce滚动阻力safetyglasses安全眼镜safetyplug安全插头sensingunit传感装置serialhybrid串联式混合动力series-parallelhybrid混联式混合动力，功率分流式混合动力serviceplug维修插头shortcircuit短路，短接smartkey智能钥匙sparkignitionengine点燃式发动机special-purposevehicle专用车辆specificenergy比能量specificpower比功率stalltest失速试验stateofcharge(SoC)荷电状态stateofhealth(SoH)健康状态steelcylinder钢筒，钢瓶stronghybrid重度混合动力，强混合动力summarisinggear合成机构synchronousACmotor同步交流电机tandemmotor级联电机，双电机temperaturesensor温度传感器thermalcut-out热熔保险器torqueconverter液力变矩器totalresistiveforce总阻力touchscreen触摸屏tractionmotor推进电机tractiveeffort驱动力transmissionsystem传动系统warninglabel警告标贴wheelhubdrive轮毂驱动wheelmotor轮毂电机wirelesscharging无线充电wiringharness线束zero-emissionvehicle零排放汽车第10章10.1-10.3artificialintelligence人工智能autonomousvehicle自动驾驶汽车blindspotmonitoring盲区监测cellulartechnology蜂窝技术cloudservice云（端）服务communicationlink通信链路，通信连接装置，connectedvehicle网联汽车dedicatedshort-rangecommunication（DSRC）专用短程通信detectionsignal探测信号directdetectionlaserradar直接探测激光雷达driverlesscar无人驾驶汽车drivingmode驾驶模式electroniccompass电子罗盘embeddedsystem嵌入式系统freightvehicle货车imagesensor图像传感器imagingsystem成像系统inertialnavigation惯性导航informationfusion信息融合intelligentvehicle智能汽车，智能车辆intelligentvehiclenavigationsystem智能汽车导航系统lanechangeassist变道辅助lanedeparturewarning车道偏离预警laserimagingradar成像激光雷达laserradar激光雷达laserreceiver激光接收器lasertransmitter激光发射器LiDAR（lightdetectionandranging）光探测与测距，激光雷达millimeterwaveradar毫米波雷达parkassist驻车辅助reflectedsignal反射信号RSE（roadsideequipment）路侧设备satellitenavigationsystem卫星导航系统terminaldevice终端设备trafficinformation交通信息trafficsignal交通信号unmannedvehicle无人驾驶汽车V2I（vehicle-to-infrastructure）车辆与基础设施之间的V2V（vehicle-to-vehicle）车辆与车辆之间的videocamera摄像头，摄像机visualperception视觉感知第10章10.4pathplanning路径规划absolutelocalization绝对定位relativelocalization相对定位combinedlocalization组合定位3Dpointcloud三维点云laneline车道线high-definitionmap高精地图，高分辨率地图road-levelnavigation道路级导航lane-levelnavigation车道级导航basemaplayer基础地图层geometricmaplayer几何地图层mappingsensor建图传感器semanticmaplayer语义地图层lanemarking车道标记mappriorslayer先验知识地图层real-timemaplayer实时信息地图层collectionvehicle采集车第10章10.5Vehicle-to-Everything(V2X)车辆与万物Vehicle-to-Pedestrian(V2P)车辆与行人Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G)车辆与电网Vehicle-to-Device(V2D)车辆与设备on-boardequipment(OBE)车载设备mobilephone移动电话cellularV2X（C-V2X）车用蜂窝无线通信10.6localizationalgorithm定位算法perceptionalgorithm感知算法behavioralrule行为规则physicalconstraint物理约束Trajectoryplanning轨迹规划speedtracking车速跟随pathtracking路径跟随第二部分：常用缩写缩写英文含义中文含义AERall-electric-range满电续驶里程BEVbatteryelectricvehicle纯电动汽车BMSbatterymanagementsystem电池管理系统CEcombustionengine内燃机CNGcompressednaturalgas压缩天然气DMMdigitalmultimeter数字式万用表DoDdepthofdischarge放电深度DTCdiagnostictestercode故障码ECUelectroniccontrolunit电子控制单元EMelectricmotor电动机EMSelectronicenginemanagementsystem发动机电子管理系统ENGengine发动机ESSenergystoragesystem储能系统EVelectricvehicle电动汽车FCfuelcell燃料电池FCEVFuelcellelectricvehicle燃料电池电动汽车FCHEVFuelcellhybridelectricvehicle燃料电池混合动力电动汽车FFVflexiblefuelvehicles灵活燃料汽车GNDground搭铁，接地HEVhybridelectricvehicle混合动力电动汽车HVhighvoltage高压ICinternalcombustion内燃ICintegratedcircuit集成电路ICEinternalcombustionengine内燃机ICEVinternalcombustionenginevehicle内燃机汽车IGignition点火，点火开关IGBTinsulatedgatebipolartransistor绝缘栅双极晶体管IMAIntegratedMotorAssist集成化电机辅助IPMinteriorpermanentmagnet内置永磁Li-Ionlithium-ion(battery)锂离子（电池）Li-polylithium-polymer(battery)锂-聚合物（电池）LNGliquefiednaturalgas液化天然气LPGliquidpetroleumgas液化石油气MCMmotorcontrolmodule电机控制模块MDMmotordrivemodule电机驱动模块MEAmembraneelectrodeassembly膜电极MGmotorgenerator电机/发电机MGRmotor/generatorrear电机/发电机(后)MPGmilespergallon英里/加仑mpgmilespergallon英里/加仑MPGemilespergallonequivalent当量英里/加仑Ni-Cdnickel-cadmium(battery)镍-镉（电池）NiMHnickel-metalhydride(battery)镍-氢（电池）PCUpowercontrolunit动力控制单元PDUpowerdriveunit动力驱动单元PEMprotonexchangemembrane质子交换膜PEMFCprotonexchangemembranefuelcell质子交换膜燃料电池PEVplug-inelectricvehicle插电式电动汽车PHEVplug-inhybridelectricvehicle插电式混合动力电动汽车PMpermanentmagnet永磁PSMpermanentmagnetthree-phasesynchronousmotor永磁三相交流同步电机RLYrelay继电器SENsensor传感器SMRsystemmainrelay系统主继电器SOCstateofcharge荷电状态SoCstateofcharge荷电状态SoHstateofhealth健康状态SPMsurfacepermanentmagnet表面永磁SWswitch开关第10章IVintelligentvehicle智能汽车DSRCdedicatedshort-rangecommunication专用短距离通信RSEroadsideequipment路侧设备LiDARlightdetectionandranging激光雷达V2Vvehicle-to-vehicle车辆与车辆之间的V2Ivehicle-to-infrastructure车辆与基础设施之间的ITSIntelligenttransportationsystem智能交通系统第三部分：问答题/英译汉1.WhatareAlternativefuelscurrentlycommerciallyavailableandcloselyattended?目前商业可用和受到密切关注的替代燃料有哪些？·Liquefiedpetroleumgas液化石油气·CNG压缩天然气·Methanol甲醇·Hydrogen氢·Fuel-cell燃料电池·Electricity电能·Hybrid（electricity+conventionalfuels）混合动力（电+传统燃料）2.Whatarethetypesofelectricvehicles?电动汽车分为哪几种？Electricvehiclesarebroadlycategorizedintofourgroupsbasedontheelectricdesignoftheirpowertrains,namelybatteryelectricvehicles(BEVs),plug-inhybridelectricvehicles(PHEVs),hybridelectricvehicles(HEVs),andfuel-cellelectricvehicles(FCEVs).OnlyBEVsandPHEVsareplug-capable,andarereferredtoasplug-inelectricvehicles(PEVs).根据电动汽车动力传动系统的电动设计，将电动汽车大致分为四大类，即纯电动汽车(BEV)、插电式混合动力汽车(PHEV)、混合动力电动汽车(HEV)和燃料电池电动汽车(FCEV)。只有BEV和PHEV是可插接充电器进行充电的，故被称为插电式电动汽车(PEV)。3.Whatarethebasiccomponentsoflithiumionbatteries?锂离子电池的基本组成包括哪些元件？ALi-ionbatterycellhasfivebasiccomponentsthatfacilitatetheenergyconversionprocess.Thefirstcomponentisananode,whichgivesuptheelectronstoanexternalcircuit(e.g.,electricmotor)andoxidizesduringthereaction.Thesecondcomponentisacathode,whichacceptstheelectronsfromtheexternalcircuit.Thethirdcomponentistheelectrolytewhichcompletesiontransferinsidethecells.Thefourthcomponentisamembranethatactsaseparatorandpreventstheinternalshortcircuitsbetweentheanodeandthecathode,andthelastcomponentisacontainer,whichisdevisedforsafetypurposes.锂离子电池的单体电池具有促进能量转换过程的五个基本元件。第一个元件是阳极，它的作用是在反应期间将电子供给到外部电路(例如，电机)而氧化。第二个元部件阴极，其作用是接受来自外部电路的电子。第三个元件是电解质，其作用是完成电池内离子转移。第四个元件是隔膜，隔膜起分隔作用，防止阳极和阴极之间的内部短路，而最后一个元件是容器，它是为安全目的而设计的。4.WhatarethefuctionsofBMS?电池管理系统的功能有哪些？TheBMSshouldmonitor,control,andcommunicatewiththebattery.Therefore,theprimaryfunctionsofaBMSare:•Under-voltageandover-voltageprotections;•Shortcircuitprotection;•Thermalprotection;•Cellbalancing;•Controllingbatterycharginganddischarging;•DeterminingbatterySoCandSoH;•Safetyprotection.电池管理系统（BMS）应监测、控制蓄电池，并与蓄电池进行通信。因此，BMS的主要功能是：·低压和过压保护；·短路保护；·热保护；·电池平衡；·控制电池充电和放电；·确定电池SOC和SOH；·安全保护。5.Describethebasicoperationoflithiumionbatteries?叙述锂离子电池的基本原理。InLi-ionbatteries,electricalenergyisgeneratedthroughelectrochemicaloxidation-reductionreactions.Duringthechargingstage,lithiumionsmovefromthepositiveelectrode,passthroughtheelectrolyte,andintercalatebetweengraphitelayers,andenterthenegativeelectrode.Duringthedischargeprocess,thereverseprocesstakesplace(asshowninFigure2.7),andthestoredenergyisusedtoruntheelectricmotor.在锂离子电池中，电能是通过电化学氧化还原反应产生的。在充电阶段，锂离子从正电极移出，穿过电解质，插入石墨层间，并进入负电极。在放电过程中，发生相反反应过程(如图2-7所示)，存储的能量可用于驱动电机。Figure2.7chemicalreactionprocessofaLi-ionbattery图2-7锂离子电池的化学反应过程6.HowtoUsethehand-heldtestertodiagnosetheHVbatterypack?怎样使用手持式测试仪（解码器）来诊断高压电池组的故障？Usingthehand-heldtester,youcanreadthevalueoftheswitches,sensors,actuatorsandsoonwithoutpartsremoval.DiagnosetheHVbatterypackusingthetesterasthefollowingsteps:·Connectthehand-heldtestertotheDLC3.·TurnthepowerswitchON(IG).·Turnthehand-heldtesterON.·Onthehand-heldtester,enterthefollowingmenus:DIAGNOSIS/ENHANCEDOBDⅡ/HVECU.·SelectDTCINFO,ReadtheDTCs,FREEZEFRAMEdata(Figure6.6)andtheINFORMATIONCODEs(Figure6.7).使用手持式测试仪，您可以读取开关、传感器、执行器等的值，而不需要拆卸部件。使用测试仪诊断高压电池组，步骤如下：·将手持测试仪连接到DLC3上。·接通电源开关(IG)。·打开手持式测试仪。·在手持测试仪上，输入以下菜单：DIAGNOSIS/ENHANCEDOBDⅡ/HVECU。·选择故障代码信息DTCINFO，读取故障代码DTC、冻结帧FREEZEFRAME数据(图6-6)和信息代码INFORMATIONCODE(图6-7)。7.Describethestepsofbatterydisassembling（Prius）?描述蓄电池组拆卸的步骤（普锐斯）Adherethefollowingstepstodothisduringdisassemblingbatterypack.Step1:Todepowerthehigh-voltagesystem,theignitionwasoffandthenegativebatterycablewasdisconnectedfromthe12-voltauxiliarybattery,thentheHVbatterysafetyplugwasremoved.Step2:Aftercheckingthatthevoltagelevelissafe,therearseatandHVbatterycoverwereremoved.Step3:Removethehigh-voltagewiresfromthebatterypackwhilewearingHVgloves.Step4:RemovetheHVbatterypackthroughtherearofthevehicle.Step5:PlacetheHVbatterypackonaworkbenchthatiscoveredwithathickrubber(insulating)mat.Awoodtopbenchcanalsobeused.Step6:Performavisualinspection,tobesurethatelectricalconnectionsbetweenbatterymodulesarecorroded.Step7:RemovetheHVbatterypacktemperaturesensors,andremovetheHVbatteryventtubesfromthebatterypack.Step8:Removetheendcapsfromthebatterypack.Step9:Removethefastenersthatholdthebatterymodulestothebaseofthebatterypack.Step10:Removetheendmodulefromthebatterypack.拆卸电池组时，请按照以下步骤进行。第一步：将高压系统断电。将点火开关关闭，从12伏辅助电池上将电池负极电缆连接断开，然后拔下高压电池安全插头。第二步：检查电压水平是否安全后，将后座和高压电池盖拆除。第三步：戴上高压手套，从电池组上拆下高压电线。第四步：通过车辆后部拆卸高压电池组。第五步：将高压电池组放置上面覆盖着厚厚的橡胶（绝缘）垫的工作台上。也可以使用木顶面长凳。第六步：进行目视检查，以变查清电池模块之间的电气连接是否被腐蚀。第七步：拆卸高压电池组温度传感器，并从电池组中拆下高压电池通风管。第八步：从电池组上拆下端盖。第九步：拆卸将电池模块固定在电池组底部的紧固件。第十步：从电池组上拆下端部模块。8.Brieflydescribethebasiccomponentsofaprotonexchangemembranefuelcell.简述质子交换膜燃料电池的基本组成。APEMFCconsistsofthefollowingbasiccomponents:质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的组成包括下列基本元件：·Electrodes.Thereareafuelelectrode(anode)andanoxidantelectrode(cathode).Theyaremadeofporous,electricallyandthermallyconductingmaterial,suchasporousgraphite.·电极。有燃料电极（阳极）和氧化剂电极（阴极）。它们由多孔、导电和导热材料制成，如多孔石墨。·Electrolyte.ThePEMFCusesprotonexchangemembraneastheelectrolyte.•电解液。PEMFC使用质子交换膜作为电解质。·CatalystLayers.Thereisonecatalystlayeroneithersideofthemembrane.Itisonthecatalystsurfacewheretheelectrochemicalreactionstakeplace.Themostcommonlyusedcatalystisplatinumorplatinumalloy.Theanode,cathode,membrane,andtwocatalystlayersareusuallysealedtogethertoformasinglemembraneelectrodeassembly(MEA).·催化剂层。膜的两侧都有一个催化剂层。就是在催化剂表面上发生着电化学反应。最常用的催化剂是铂或铂合金。阳极、阴极、膜和两个催化剂层通常被密封在一起，形成一个膜电极（MEA）。·GasDiffusionLayers.Thisarrangementconsistsofonegasdiffusionlayerincontactwiththeanodeandonewiththecathode.Theirfunctionsaretoensurethatthehydrogengasorairdiffusesevenlyandefficientlyoverthecatalystlayer,toprovideuniformdistributionofloadonthesurfaceoftheMEAfromthebipolarplateandtoprovideelectricalconductionbetweenthebipolarplateandtheanodeorcathode.Itismadeofporouscarbonpaperorclothtreatedwithpolytetrafluoroethylene.·气体扩散层。这种布置由一个与阳极接触的气体扩散层和一个与阴极接触的气体扩散层组成。它们（气体扩散层）的作用有三个：确保氢气或空气在催化剂层上均匀有效地扩散，提供来自双极板的作用于MEA表面上的均布载荷（夹持力），并在双极板与阳极或阴极之间提供导电功能。气体扩散层是由多孔碳纸或经聚四氟乙烯处理的布制成。·BipolarPlates.Thesearecommonlymadeofgraphiteorconductingmetal(suchascoatedtitanium).Gasflowchannelsaremachinedintotheplatestoprovideinletsforthehydrogengasandair,aswellasoutletsforexcesshydrogengasforrecirculationandforwaterproducedinthefuelcell.•双极板。它们通常由石墨或导电金属(例如涂覆的钛)制成。气体流动通道被加工到板中，以提供氢气和空气的入口，以及用于让过量氢气再循环和让燃料电池中产生的水流出的出口。第10章9.WhataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofDSRCapproachoverwide-areawireless？与广域无线法相比，专用短程通信有什么优点？TheDSRCapproachmakesuseofadedicatedcommunicationlinkbetweentheconnectedvehicleandroadsideinfrastructure.Thisapproachbuildsonyearsofexperiencethathavebeenaccumulatedintheapplicationofelectronictollcollectionsystems*2.Theadvantageofthisapproachisthatthetechnologycansupporthigh-speed,high-reliability,andlow-latencycommunicationstoandfromthevehicle.Thedisadvantageofthisapproachistheneedtoinstallroadsideequipment(RSE)atregularintervalsalongroads.DSRC法是在联网车辆与路边基础设施之间建立一个专用通信链路。这种方法的优点是，该技术可以支持高速、高可靠性和低延迟的车辆通信。而缺点是需要沿道路以一定间隔距离安装路边设备（RSE）。10.Describetheprincipleandcomponentsoflaserradar请叙述激光雷达的原理和组成。Alaserrada(LiDAR)risaradarsystemthatusesalaserbeamtodetectthelocationandspeedofatarget.Theprincipleoflaserradaristotransmitadetectionsignaltothetarget(laserbeams),thenthetargetreflectedsignal(targetecho)iscomparedwiththetransmittedsignal,andtherelevantinformationofthetarget(forexample,theparameterssuchasthetargetdistance,height,speed,evenshape,etc.)canbeobtainedafterproperprocessing.Thelaserradarismadeupofalasertransmitter,alaserreceiverandaninformationprocessingsystem.激光雷达是一种利用激光束来探测目标的位置和速度的雷达系统。激光雷达的原理是向目标发射探测信号（激光束），然后将目标反射信号（目标回波）与发射信号进行比较，经过适当的处理后，即可获得目标的相关信息（如目标距离、高度、速度、甚至形状等参数）。激光雷达由激光发射器、激光接收器和信息处理系统组成。HowtocreateaHDmap?怎样制作高清地图Fist,dataarecollectedbyusingthecollectionvehiclesorbycrowdsourcing.Thesedatacanbetransferredbydownloadingdirectlyfromthedataacquisitionequipment(morecommonincaptivefleets)orfromvehicletocloudandcloudtocentraldatabase(morecommonincrowdsourcing).Second,thecollecteddataisprocessedtogenerateapointcloudmap.Third，mapannotationonthepointcloudmap,markingthestructuredroadinformationsuchaslanelines,trafficsignsandintersections.Finally,theannotatedmapissavedinsomefixedformat.首先，通过使用收采集集设备或众包来收集数据。这些数据的传输可以通过直接从数据采集设备（在采集车队中更常见）下载，或者从车辆传输到云和从云传输到中央数据库（在众包中更常见）。其次，处理收集到的数据，生成点云图。第三，在点云地图上进行地图标注，标记车道线、交通标志、十字路口等结构化道路信息。最后，将标注好的地图以某种固定的格式保存。第四部分：单项选择1.Theoutputvoltageofatypicalcellvariesbetween___________A.onetosixvolts.B.sixtoeightvolts.C.eighttotenvolts.(A)2.Plug-inelectricvehicles(PEVs)include__________A.onlyBEVs.B.onlyPHEVs.C.BEVsandPHEVs.(C)3.IntheBMWparallelhybrid,thehybridmoduleconsistsof__________A.anelectricmachineEMwiththetwoclutchesC1andC2.B.twoelectricmachinesEM1andEM2.C.anelectricmachineEMwithaclutchC.(A)4.InToyotaPriusHEVs,theboostconverterisaDC-DCconverterwitchbooststhenominalvoltageofDC201.6VthatisoutputbytheHVbatteryto__________A.themaximumvoltageofDC100V.B.themaximumvoltageofDC300V.C.themaximumvoltageofDC500V.(C)5.TheIGBTisusedtoperformtheswitchingcontrol,andthepowertransistoriscontrolled_____A.bytheengineECU.B.bytheHVECU.C.bytheABSECU.(B)6.Afullhybrid,alsocalledastronghybrid,is________________A.abletopropelthevehicleusingtheelectricmotor(s)alone.B.notabletopropelthevehicleusingtheelectricmotor(s)alone.C.notcapableofpropellingthevehiclefromastopusingbatterypoweralone.(A)7.Inthepower-splithybriddrive,thecombustionenginepoweroutputissplitinto________A.twomechanicalpaths.B.mechanicalandelectricpaths.C.twoelectricpaths.(B)8.Intheserialhybriddrive,thereisnomechanicalcouplingof__________A.combustionengineandgenerator..B.combustionengineandgenerator/motor.C.combustionengineandwheels.(C)9.Toyota/Lexushybridsystemisbuiltaroundasingleplanetarygearset(power-splitdevice)andtwoelectricmotor/generators(MG1andMG2).Thepower-splitdeviceisconnectedto_______A.theICengineonly.B.theMG1andMG2only.C.theICengine,MG1andMG2.(C)10.DuringnormalDriving,theICEofToyota/Lexushybridsystemmustbestartedsothatitsoutputcanbecombinedwith________A.thatofMG2.B.thatofMG1.C.thatofMG1andMG2.(A)11.IntheToyota/Lexushybridsystem,asthevehicleisdecelerating,MG2_______A.doesn’trun.B.operatesasaelectricmotor.C.operatesasagenerator.(C)12.IntheToyota/Lexushybridsystem,theinverterconvertsthehighvoltagedirectcurrentofthebatteryinto___________A.singlephasealternatingcurrentofMG1andMG2.B.three-phasealternatingcurrentofMG1andMG2.C.lowvoltagedirectcurrentofMG1andMG2.(B)13.Intelligentvehiclenavigationsystemisaterminaldevicein___________A.ABS.B.RSE.C.ITS.(C)14.Withtherapiddevelopmentofcommunicationtechnology,therearesomenewfunctionsofvehicleintelligentnavigationtechnology,thatis,dynamicintelligentnavigationbasedon___________A.real-timetrafficinformation.B.real-timedriverinformation.C.real-timepassengerinformation.(A)15.TheDSRCapproachmakesuseofadedicatedcommunicationlinkbetweentheconnectedvehicleandroadsideinfrastructure.Theadvantageofthisapproachisthatthetechnologycansupport_____________communicationstoandfromthevehicle.A.low-speed,high-reliability,andhigh-latencyB.high-speed,low-reliability,andhigh-latencyC.high-speed,high-reliability,andlow-latency(C)16.Oncethecarhasintelligentvisualfunction,itisthesameasthecarhasbotheyesand________A.hands.B.mind.C.feet.(B)17.Inhigh-definitionmap,basemaplayeristhe________mapthatincludesroadcurvatures,elevation,andGPScoordinates.A.2DB.3DC.SD(C)18.Bycontrollingtheturningangleofthe_____________,thedrivingpathofthevehiclecanaccuratelyfollowthedesireddrivingtrajectory.A.vehiclefontwheelsB.vehiclesteeringwheelC.engineflywheel(B)19.Real-timemaplayerofaHDmapisthe_________thataCAVcanreceivetoassistwithtripplanningandnavigation.A.previoustrafficinformationB.futuretrafficinformationC.real-timetrafficinformation(C)20.Thetrajectorytrackingofanintelligentcarcanbedividedinto_________(longitudinalcontrol)andpathtracking(transversecontrol).A.speedtrackingB.traffictrackingC.roadusertracking(A)第五部分：填空1.Electricvehiclesarebroadlycategorizedintofourgroupsbasedontheelectricdesignoftheirpowertrains,namelybatteryelectricvehicles(BEVs),plug-inhybridelectricvehicles(PHEVs),hybridelectricvehicles(HEVs),andfuel-cellelectricvehicles(FCEVs).2.Stateofcharge(SoC)isanindicatorofbatterydegradationovertime,whichcanbecausedduetooperatingconditions.SoCmeasurestheratioofthepresentbatterycapacitywithrespecttomaximumcapacity.3.Specificenergyrepresentstheamountofenergythatcanbestoredinaunitmass,anditisoftenmeasuredwiththephysicaldimensionwatt-hoursperkilogram.4.Now,therearethreetypesofbatteryavailableforuseinelectricvehicles:lead-acidbattery,nickel-based(nickel-cadmiumornickel-metalhydride)battery,andlithium(lithium-ionorlithium-polymer)battery.5.InatypicalLi-ionbattery,thepositiveelectrodeismadeupoflithiumandtransitionmetalmaterial.Graphiteiswidelyemployedasthenegativeelectrodematerial.6.TherearetwoprimarydesignsofaNiMHbatterycell:cylindricaltypeandprismatictype.7.Inmosthybridelectricvehicles,tractionACmotoriscontrolledasfollows:·Thespeedofthemotorischangedbychangingthefrequencyoftheappliedcurrent.·Thepulsewidthandvoltageisadjustedtochangethepoweroutputtomatchthedemandsofthevehicleforelectricassistorpropulsion.8.ACmotorsarepoweredbyinverters.AninverterconvertsDCpowertoACpowerattherequiredfrequencyandamplitude.Theinverterconvertsthehighvoltagedirectcurrentofthebatteryintothree-phasealternatingcurrentofMG1a