安徽省宣城市2025-2026学年度高一英语上学期期末检测试题【含答案】

2025—2026学年度第一学期期末检测高一英语试题注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清晰。3.请按题号顺序在各题答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4.保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.HowdoesMaryfeelaboutherjob?A.It’stiring.B.It’sdifficult.C.It’spleasing.2Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Strangers.C.Bossandsecretary.3.WhydoesthewomanenjoyspeakingtoDavid?A.Heknowsalot.B.Heoftengetsgoodgrades.C.Hestudiesmedicine.4.WhowasBrunel?A.Aboxer.B.Anengineer.C.Amanager.5.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Sheateout.B.Shewentfishing.C.Shemadesoup.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthemanspeaktothewoman?A.Toaskforadvice.B.Toexpressthanks.C.Toofferaninvitation.7.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Gotothestore.B.Makeacall.C.Givesomeinstructions.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydidthemanmaketea?A.Tocolorthepaper.B.Totreathisfriend.C.Topreparebreakfast.9.Howdidthemanmarkthelocationofthetreasure?A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bymakingacut.C.BywritingabigX.10Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Watchashow.B.Playagame.C.Readabook.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthemandoingprobably?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Doingajobinterview.C.Havingameeting.12.Whatdoesthewomanoftendrinkinthemorning?A.Milk.B.Fruitjuice.C.Vegetablesoup.13.Howmanyspecificcountriesdoesthewomanmention?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howdoesthemansoundinthebeginning?A.Excited.B.Angry.C.Upset.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkmightbethereasonforthestudents’quietness?A.Lackofinterest.B.Sleepiness.C.Culturaldifferences.16.Whatshouldthemanaskthestudentstodoaccordingtothewoman?A.Discusscommunicationstyles.B.Designdifferentactivities.C.Collectreadingmaterials.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlyfocusonaboutextremesports?A.Theirdevelopment.B.Theirpopularity.C.Theirculturalmeaning.18.Whofirstdevelopedthesportofsurfing?A.TheSpanishexplorers.B.TheAfricanworkers.C.TheHawaiianpeople.19.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttoshowbymentioningkitesurfing?A.Itappliesnewsafetyequipment.B.Itunitestwoancientsports.C.Itiscatchingattention.20.Whatisthespeaker’sattitudetoextremesports?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Unclear.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADuringthe2024-25fluseason,about1.3millionpeoplewereinhospitalbecauseofinfluenza(流感).AdietitiannamedSamanthaHellerpointsoutthatitisveryimportanttoeatfoodsthatmakeourimmunesystemstronger,especiallybecausegettingoldermakesourbodylessabletofightdiseases.Therearefourgreatfoodsthatcanstrengthenourimmunesysteminwinter:BeansBeanshaveplentyofzinc(锌),whichhelpsmakemorewhitebloodcellstofightillnesses.Ifpeopledonotgetenoughzinc,theirimmunesystemwillnotworkwell.ClinicaldietitianAnnaTaylorsuggestseatingatleasthalfacupofcookedbeansthreetimesaweek.Thiscankeephealthyzinclevelsinthebodyandstoptheimmunesystemfrombecomingweak.BerriesBerriesarerichinvitaminC,whichalsocontributestomakingmorewhitebloodcells.A2018studyshowedthateatingberriescanincreasedisease-fightingcellsinolderadults,suchasnaturalkillercellsandTcells.Taylorthinksberriesareoneofthebestfoodstosupportimmunity(免疫力).SweetpotatoesSweetpotatoesarerichinbeta-carotene,whichisgoodforourbreathinghealth,andalsohelpsthebodymakemoreimmunecells.Taylorsayssweetpotatoesareveryimportantforolderpeople.Astheyage,theirimmunesystemsproducefewerimmunecells.Sheadvisesbakingsweetpotatoeswitholiveoilandblackpepper.NutsandseedsNutsandseeds,especiallywalnuts,arehighinvitaminE.VitaminEhelpstheimmunesystemgrowmoreTcellstofightdiseases.ClinicalnutritionistKateCohensayswalnutsarethebestchoiceamongnuts.Theyhavealpha-linolenicacid(亚麻酸),whichsupportsimmunityandisnotfoundinmostothernuts.Sowalnutsworkbettertoimproveimmunitythanothernuts.Eatingthesefoodscanhelpyoubuildastrongerimmunesystem,andbetterprotectyoufromthefluandotherwinterillnesses.1.HowoftendoesTaylorrecommendeatingcookedbeanstoimproveimmunity?A.Everyday. B.Onceaweek. C.Twiceaweek. D.Threetimesaweek.2.Whyarewalnutsabetterimmune-improvingchoicethanothernuts?A.Becausetheyhaveauniquecontentofalpha-linolenicacid.B.BecausetheycontainthemostvitaminEamongallnuts.C.BecausetheybetterhelpthegrowthofTcells.D.Becausetheycandirectlykillfluviruses.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tomakereadersawareoftheimportanceofdiet.B.Toexplaintheseriousnessofthe2024-25fluseason.C.Tointroducefourfoodsthatimproveimmunityagainsttheflu.D.Tocomparethehealthvaluesofdifferentflu-fightingfoods.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四种有助于在冬季增强免疫系统、预防流感的食物及其功效。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据原文Beans部分“ClinicaldietitianAnnaTaylorsuggestseatingatleasthalfacupofcookedbeansthreetimesaweek.(临床营养师安娜・泰勒建议每周食用三次熟豆类，每次至少半杯。)”可知，泰勒建议每周吃三次熟豆类来提高免疫力，故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据原文Nutsandseeds部分“Theyhavealpha-linolenicacid(亚麻酸),whichsupportsimmunityandisnotfoundinmostothernuts.(它们含有亚麻酸，这种物质有助于增强免疫力，且在大多数其他坚果中不存在。)”可知，核桃比其他坚果更能提升免疫力是因为含有独特的亚麻酸，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据原文第一段“Therearefourgreatfoodsthatcanstrengthenourimmunesysteminwinter:(有四种很棒的食物可以在冬季增强我们的免疫系统：)”以及最后一段“Eatingthesefoodscanhelpyoubuildastrongerimmunesystem,andbetterprotectyoufromthefluandotherwinterillnesses.(食用这些食物有助于你建立更强的免疫系统，更好地保护你免受流感和其他冬季疾病的侵袭。)”可知，本文的主要目的是介绍四种提高免疫力、预防流感的食物，故选C。BTheskieshadneverseenapilotlikeBessieColemanbefore.ShewasthefirstAfrican-Americanwomantogetaninternationalpilot’slicense.ButasaBlackwomaninthe1920s,shefacedmanychallengesbecauseofherraceandgender.Shewouldsaythat“theairistheonlyplacefreefromprejudice(偏见).”ColemanwasborninAtlanta,Texas,onJanuary26,1892.Aftergraduatingfromahighschoolforblackchildren,shewenttoOklahomaColoredAgriculturalandNormalUniversityin1910buthadtodropoutbecauseshedidn’thavethemoneytopayforschool.ShethenmovedtoChicago,Illinois,in1915andworkedinabarbershoppaintingfingernails.WhenherbrotherJohnreturnedfromfightinginFranceduringWorldWarI,hetoldstoriesofthefreedomthatwomenoverseasenjoyed.Theycouldbepilots,hesaid.ThatinspiredBessie’snewdream:tobeafemalepilot.ShesavedupmoneyandappliedtoU.S.flightschools.ButnoschoolacceptedherbecauseshewasBlackandawoman.Finally,RobertAbbott,thepublisherofanAfrican-Americannewspaper,suggestedshetryschoolsinFrance.ShelearnedFrench,lefttheUnitedStates,andstartedlearningintheCauldronBrothers’SchoolofAviationinLeCrotoy,France.Sheearnedherinternationalpilot’slicenseonJune15,1921,withinayearofstudy.Afterwardshestudiedstuntflying(特技飞行)acrossEurope.WhenshereturnedtotheUnitedStatesin1922asanaerialacrobat(空中杂技演员),ColemanamazedBlackandwhiteaudienceswithherwonderfulskills.Shealsousedherfametofightracism,refusingtoflyinshowsthatforcedBlackandwhiteaudiencestoenterthroughdifferentgates.In1923,Colemanexperiencedabadaccidentthatleftherwithabrokenleg.Butsoonsherecoveredandstarteddoingstuntsatairshowsagain.HergoalwastoopenaschoolforBlackpilots,butsheneverrealizedthatdream.OnApril30,1926,shediedinaplaneaccident.ButherbraveskillsofflighthaveinspiredagroupofBlackwomenpilotswhocameafterherandjourneyedtothesky.4.WhydidBessieColemandropoutoftheuniversity?A.Becauseshewantedtolearntoflyplanes.B.Becauseshecouldn’taffordtheuniversity.C.BecauseshemovedtoChicagowithherfamily.D.Becauseshewasnotallowedtostudyforherrace.5.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3andparagraph4?A.Frenchwomenwereprofessionalpilots.B.JohnencouragedBessietofightinWorldWarI.C.WomeninFrancehadmorefreedomthanthoseintheUS.D.Frenchflightschoolswelcomedallinternationalstudents.6.WhatdidBessieColemandotofightracism?A.ShesetupflightschoolsspeciallyforBlackpeople.B.ShesharedherflyingexperiencestoinspireBlackpeople.C.Sheonlyperformedinairshowsthatwelcomedallracesequally.D.SherefusedtoperforminairshowsthatseparatedBlackandwhiteviewers.7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsBessieColeman?A.Admiring. B.Doubtful. C.Objective. D.Unclear.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了贝西·科尔曼的生平事迹，她作为首位获得国际飞行员执照的非裔美国女性，克服了种族和性别的重重障碍，在航空领域取得了卓越成就。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Aftergraduatingfromahighschoolforblackchildren,shewenttoOklahomaColoredAgriculturalandNormalUniversityin1910buthadtodropoutbecauseshedidn’thavethemoneytopayforschool.(从黑人儿童高中毕业后，她于1910年进入俄克拉荷马州有色人种农业师范大学，但因没钱支付学费而不得不辍学。)”可知，贝西·科尔曼因为上不起大学而退学。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“WhenherbrotherJohnreturnedfromfightinginFranceduringWorldWarI,hetoldstoriesofthefreedomthatwomenoverseasenjoyed.Theycouldbepilots,hesaid.(当她的哥哥约翰从第一次世界大战中的法国战场回来时，他讲述了海外女性享有的自由。他说，她们可以成为飞行员。)”和第四段提到“ButnoschoolacceptedherbecauseshewasBlackandawoman.(但因为没有学校接受她，因为她是黑人和女性。)”可知，从第三段和第四段我们可以知道法国的女性比美国的女性拥有更多的自由。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Shealsousedherfametofightracism,refusingtoflyinshowsthatforcedBlackandwhiteaudiencestoenterthroughdifferentgates.(她还利用自己的名气对抗种族主义，拒绝在强迫黑人和白人观众从不同入口进入的表演中飞行。)”可知，贝西·科尔曼通过拒绝在将黑人和白人观众分开的航空表演中表演来对抗种族主义。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ButherbraveskillsofflighthaveinspiredagroupofBlackwomenpilotswhocameafterherandjourneyedtothesky.(但她勇敢的飞行技巧激励了一群追随她的黑人女飞行员，她们踏上了天空之旅。)”并结合上文可知，作者详细描述了贝西·科尔曼如何克服重重困难，成为首位获得国际飞行员执照的非裔美国女性，以及她如何利用自己的影响力对抗种族主义，由此可推测出作者对贝西·科尔曼的态度是钦佩的。故选A。CInmanypartsoftheworld,autumnbringscoolerweatherandabeautifulchange—leavesonsometreesturnfromgreentobrightshadesofyellow,orange,andred.Butthosecolorsareshort-livedbeforeleavesfallofftheirtrees.Haveyoueverwonderedwhythishappens?It’sallpartofhowtheplantsprepareforwinter.Treesspendmuchoftheyearturningsunshineintofoodthroughphotosynthesis(光合作用).Thisprocessreliesonagreenpigment(色素)inleavescalledchlorophyll(叶绿素).Butasautumnapproaches,daysgetshorterandnightsgetcolder.Plantscannolongermakeenoughchlorophylltokeeptheirleavesgreen.Instead,theybreakdownchlorophyllintosmallerpartsandthentakethemin.Thissavesenergybecauseplantsdon’thavetomakechlorophyllfromtheverybeginningwhenspringcomes.Whenchlorophylldiesaway,otherpigmentsintheleavesstarttoshow.Thesepigmentsnotonlycreatebeautifulcolorsbutalsoprotectleavesfrombeingeatenbyinsectsordamagedbysunlight.Atthesametime,thesetreesstopputtingeffortintoholdingontotheirleaves.Gettingridoftheirleavescanhelptreeskeepwaterintheirbodiesoverwinter.Italsoallowsstrongwindstoblowmoreeasilythroughtrees’branches,puttinglessstressonthem.However,notalltreesletgooftheirautumnleavessoeasily.Forexample,somewillows(柳树)mayholdontotheirleavesallwinter.Thiscanhelpprotecttheirbranchesfromhungryanimals.Conifer(针叶树)treeslikewisekeeptheirneedlesyear-round.Needlescanbearthecoldmoreeasilythanleavesdo.Soitcostsconiferslessenergytohangontotheirneedlesthantoremoveandregrowthemyearly.Haveacloselookatthetreesoutsideyourownwindowwhentheleaveschangeinautumnandfalltotheground.Bycollectingdataonyourlocalbiodiversity(生物多样性),youcancontributetocitizenscienceprojects.Plus,spendingtimewithnaturecancheeryouup—somethingmanyofusneedasthedaysgrowdarkerandcolder.8.Whatcontributestotheleavesofsometreeschangingcolorsinautumn?A.Insectseatingupthegreenpigmentinleaves.B.Thesunlightbeingnotstrongenoughinautumn.C.Treesneedingmoreenergytomakenewgreenpigments.D.Chlorophyllinleavesdisappearingandotherpigmentsappearing.9.Whatistheadvantagefortreestoremoveleavesinwinter?A.Itcanhelptreestakeinmoresunlighteasily.B.Itcanmaketreesgrownewleavesquicklyinspring.C.Itcanprotecttrees’branchesfrombeingeatenbyanimals.D.Itcanhelptreeskeepwaterandreducestressfromstrongwinds.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutconifertreesfromthepassage?A.Theylosetheirneedleseveryautumnlikeothertrees.B.Theirneedlesarenotabletostandcoldwinterweather.C.Theykeeptheirneedlesallyearroundforenergysaving.D.Theyneedtoconsumemoreenergytokeepneedlesthanregrowthem.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Wecanonlyenjoythebeautyofautumnleavesbywatchingthem.B.Gettingclosetonatureishelpfulforourmentalhealthinautumn.C.Thedaysinautumnarebrightandwarmforpeopletogoout.D.Citizenscienceprojectsonlyneeddataaboutautumnleaves.【答案】8.D9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了秋天树叶变色是因为叶绿素分解、其他色素显现。树木落叶是为了保水、减少风压。不同树木过冬方式不同，亲近秋日自然还能改善心情。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenchlorophylldiesaway,otherpigmentsintheleavesstarttoshow.(当叶绿素逐渐消失后，叶子中的其他色素便会开始显现出来)”可知，树叶中的叶绿素消失，而其他色素显现出来导致一些树木的叶子在秋天会变色。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Gettingridoftheirleavescanhelptreeskeepwaterintheirbodiesoverwinter.Italsoallowsstrongwindstoblowmoreeasilythroughtrees’branches,puttinglessstressonthem.(掉树叶有助于树木在冬季保存体内水分。此外，这还能让强风更顺畅地穿过树枝，从而减轻树木的压力)”可知，树木在冬季落叶可以有助于树木保持水分，并减轻强风带来的压力。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Needlescanbearthecoldmoreeasilythanleavesdo.Soitcostsconiferslessenergytohangontotheirneedlesthantoremoveandregrowthemyearly.(针叶植物的针叶比叶子更能耐受寒冷。因此，针叶植物保存针叶所需的能量要少于每年脱落并重新长出针叶所消耗的能量)”可知，针叶树全年都保持针叶状态，以实现节能。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Plus,spendingtimewithnaturecancheeryouup—somethingmanyofusneedasthedaysgrowdarkerandcolder.(此外，与大自然接触能让你心情愉悦——在天气渐趋阴冷的日子里，这一点对我们来说尤为重要)”可推知，在秋天亲近大自然对我们的心理健康有益。故选B。DIcelandliesacrosstheMid-AtlanticRidge,adividinglinebetweentwoofEarth’scrustal(地壳的)plateswhicharemovingapart.Thatallowshot,liquidrockcalledmagmatowellupeasilyfromthedepths.IcelandalsositsjustbelowtheArcticcircleandenjoysglacier-friendlycoldtemperatures,housing34activevolcanoes(火山),halfburiedundericeupto1kmthick.Astheclimatewarms,theseglaciersaremelting(融化).GlaciersbeardownontheEarth’scrust,squeezing(挤压)theunderlyingrockandraisingitsmeltingpoint.Removetheiceandtherockbouncesback,easingpressure.Thislowersthemeltingpoint,increasingmagmaformation,whichtheneruptsaslava.Somepredicttheglacierswilldisappearintwocenturies,whichcouldupsetthevolcanoesbelow,causingthemtoeruptmorefrequently,morewildlyorboth.EarlygeologicaldatasuggestsIcelandnowproducestwoorthreetimesmoremagmathanacenturyago.SomevolcanoeslikeGrimsvotnandBardarbungahavegrownmoreactive,whileotherslikeKatlahavestayedquietforoveracenturybutmayeruptmorewildly.Historysupportsthislink:some10,000yearsago,afterthickicemeltedawayduringthelasticeage,therewere30to50timesmorevolcaniceruptionsinIceland.Thisisn’tuniquetoIceland—Antarctica,Alaska,andtheAndesaresimilarlyaffected,witharound250volcanoesunderornearice.Researchpublishedin2020suggeststhatthoughonly20,000peoplelivewithin5kmofanaffectedvolcano,160millionpeoplewithin100kmofonefaceriskslikewatershortagesandmudslides.Andpeopleneednotlivenearbytobeaffected.WhenEyjafjallajokull,asmallvolcanobyIcelandicstandards,erupted15yearsago,itsentintotheatmosphereanashcloudenoughtocausesixdaysofairtravelproblems.Inthelate18thcentury,Laki,anotherIcelandicvolcano,pouredoutsomuchsulphurdioxide(SO2)andashthatsomehistorianssuggestcropfailuresprecipitatedbytheresultingdropintemperatureshelpedleadtotheFrenchrevolution.12.WhatmakesmagmaeasytowellupinIceland?A.BeingontheMid-AtlanticRidge. B.Thethickicecoveringvolcanoes.C.ItslocationneartheArcticcircle. D.Thefrequentvolcaniceruptions.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“precipitated”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Caused. B.Prevented. C.Recorded. D.Discovered.14.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Icelandmayexperienceactivevolcanoes.B.Globalwarmingmayhavevolcanicresults.C.Volcaniceruptionsmaycauseseriousproblems.D.Glaciermeltingmayleadtolandmovingquickly.15.Whereisthispassagemostprobablyfrom?A.Anaturaltravelblog. B.Afictionalnovel.C.Ascientificmagazine. D.Aweatherforecastreport.【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了冰岛因位于大西洋中脊而地壳活动频繁，同时全球变暖导致冰川融化，进而可能引发更多火山喷发的现象，并指出这一现象不仅限于冰岛，还可能对全球产生广泛影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“IcelandliesacrosstheMid-AtlanticRidge,adividinglinebetweentwoofEarth’scrustalplateswhicharemovingapart.Thatallowshot,liquidrockcalledmagmatowellupeasilyfromthedepths.(冰岛横跨大西洋中脊，这是地球地壳两个板块之间的分界线，这两个板块正在分离。这使得被称为岩浆的炽热液态岩石能够轻易地从深处喷涌而出。)”可知，冰岛位于大西洋中脊，这使得岩浆容易喷涌而出。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Inthelate18thcentury,Laki,anotherIcelandicvolcano,pouredoutsomuchsulphurdioxide(SO2)andash(18世纪末，另一座冰岛火山拉基喷出了大量的二氧化硫和火山灰)”和下文“theresultingdropintemperatureshelpedleadtotheFrenchrevolution(温度下降所导致的作物歉收帮助引发了法国大革命)”可知，火山喷发造成气温下降，这导致粮食歉收，从而助推法国大革命。由此可知，precipitated的意思是“导致”。故选A。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Astheclimatewarms,theseglaciersaremelting.GlaciersbeardownontheEarth’scrust,squeezingtheunderlyingrockandraisingitsmeltingpoint.Removetheiceandtherockbouncesback,easingpressure.Thislowersthemeltingpoint,increasingmagmaformation,whichtheneruptsaslava.(随着气候变暖，这些冰川正在融化。冰川压在地球地壳上，挤压下面的岩石，提高其熔点。去掉冰层，岩石就会反弹，减轻压力。这会降低熔点，增加岩浆的形成，然后岩浆会以熔岩的形式喷发。)”和最后一段“Thisisn’tuniquetoIceland—Antarctica,Alaska,andtheAndesaresimilarlyaffected,witharound250volcanoesunderornearice.(这并不是冰岛独有的现象——南极洲、阿拉斯加和安第斯山脉也受到类似影响，冰下或冰附近有大约250座火山。)”可知，本文主要讨论的是全球变暖可能会产生火山后果。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讨论了冰岛因位于大西洋中脊而地壳活动频繁，同时全球变暖导致冰川融化，进而可能引发更多火山喷发的现象，并指出这一现象不仅限于冰岛，还可能对全球产生广泛影响，由此可知，这篇文章最可能来自一本科学杂志。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Didyouknowwelosehalfourfriendseverysevenyears?Themostcommonreasonwedoisn’tthatwe’vebecomebasicallyincompatible(不相容的).It’sbecausewe’renolongerinthesameplaceatthesametime.___16___.Weneedsomethingcalled“sharedsocialcontexts(环境)”forthemtocontinue.Theproblem,however,maynotbethatfriendshipscommonlydecreaseinclosenessovertime.___17___.Onestudyfoundthatreachingouttoafriendwhomwehaven’tspokentoinawhileisjustasuncomfortableasreachingouttoastranger.Anotherstudyonlong-distancefriendshipsshowedwhenweassumethatafriendshipis“flexible”andnot“fragile(脆弱的),”it’smorelong-lasting.___18___.Thismeansthatifwehaven’tspokentoafriendinawhile,weshouldassumethatwecanstillreconnectatanytime.Abouthalfoffriendshipsdidnotincreaseinclosenessstraight.Theywentthroughupsanddowns.___19___.Aboutaquarterofclosefriendshipsturnedintocasualonesgraduallyatsometimepoint,butthenendeduptransformingintobestfriendshipslateron.Howdowegetourselvestoreachouttotheseoldfriends?Weneedsupportingstrategies.Onestudyinvolvedhavingpeoplesendseveralmessagestopresentfriends,andthentheyweregiventimetotextamessagetoanoldfriend.Whentheypracticedstartingcontactwitholdfriends,theyweremorelikelytoreachouttotheoldfriend.___20___.Youstillsharememories,history,andanawarenessthatyouhavethepossibilitytolikeeachother,becauseyouhaveinthepast.Friendshipsdon’tendasmuchasfallasleep,andasimplecheck-incanwakethembackup.A.Manyofourfriendshipsareactually“locationships”B.YournolongeractivefriendshipsarenotthoseofstrangersC.KeepingyouroldfriendshipsmaycostyoutimeandenergyD.ThekeytosuchfriendshipsisapositiveattitudetowardsflexibilityE.Somefriendshipseventakea“break”beforebecomingcloseragainF.ItisthatwemayassumefriendshipisoverjustbecauseitislesscloseG.Fewfriendshipscanstandthetestoftime,accordingtosomeresearchers【答案】16.A17.F18.D19.E20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们每七年会失去半数朋友，多因环境改变而非不合。友谊需共同环境，我们常因疏远误以为结束。保持积极灵活心态、主动联系，可重连旧友，友谊多是沉睡而非终结。【16题详解】根据上文“Didyouknowwelosehalfourfriendseverysevenyears?Themostcommonreasonwedoisn’tthatwe’vebecomebasicallyincompatible(不相容的).It’sbecausewe’renolongerinthesameplaceatthesametime(你知道吗？我们每七年就会失去一半的朋友。最常见的原因**并不是我们变得彼此不合，而是我们无法再在同一时间、身处同一个地方。）”以及下文“Weneedsomethingcalled“sharedsocialcontexts”forthemtocontinue.(我们需要所谓的“共同社交环境”才能让友谊延续)”可知，空格处需承接前文“地理位置不同导致友谊变淡”这一原因，对这类依赖地点的友谊进行概括。A选项“Manyofourfriendshipsareactually“locationships””(我们的许多友谊其实都是“靠地点维系的关系”)精准承接前文，点明友谊依赖共同环境，与后文“sharedsocialcontexts”形成呼应，符合语境。故选A项。【17题详解】根据上文“Theproblem,however,maynotbethatfriendshipscommonlydecreaseinclosenessovertime.(然而，问题可能并不在于友谊会随着时间变得疏远)”可知，空格处需以“Itisthat…”构成“not…but…”转折结构，指出真正的问题所在。F选项“Itisthatwemayassumefriendshipisoverjustbecauseitislessclose(问题在于我们可能仅仅因为关系没那么亲密就认定友谊已经结束)与前一句形成完整转折，点明人们对友谊的错误认知，符合语境。故选F项。【18题详解】根据上文“Anotherstudyonlong-distancefriendshipsshowedwhenweassumethatafriendshipis“flexible”andnot“fragile(脆弱的),”it’smorelong-lasting(另一项关于异地友谊的研究表明，当我们认为一段友谊是“有弹性的”而非“脆弱的”，它就会更持久)”可知，空格处需承接前文“flexible”这一核心词，说明维持这类友谊的关键。D选项“Thekeytosuchfriendshipsisapositiveattitudetowardsflexibility”(这类友谊的关键在于对弹性保持积极态度)精准呼应前文“flexible”，进一步解释研究结论，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】根据上文“Abouthalfoffriendshipsdidnotincreaseinclosenessstraight.Theywentthroughupsanddowns.(大约一半的友谊并不会一直变得亲密，它们会经历起伏)”以及下文“Aboutaquarterofclosefriendshipsturnedintocasualonesgraduallyatsometimepoint,butthenendeduptransformingintobestfriendshipslateron.(约四分之一的亲密友谊会在某一时刻逐渐变成普通友谊，但后来又重新变成最好的友谊)”可知，空格处需进一步说明友谊会经历暂停再重新变亲密的过程。E选项“Somefriendshipseventakea“break”beforebecomingcloseragain(有些友谊甚至会先“暂停”，然后再次变得亲密)承接前文“起伏”，并与后文内容一致，符合语境。故选E项。【20题详解】根据下文“Youstillsharememories,history,andanawarenessthatyouhavethepossibilitytolikeeachother,becauseyouhaveinthepast.(你们仍然共享回忆、过往，并且知道你们有可能互相喜欢，因为你们曾经喜欢过)”可知，空格处需强调老朋友和陌生人不一样。B选项“Yournolongeractivefriendshipsarenotthoseofstrangers”(你那些不再活跃的友谊并不是陌生人的关系)引出后文老朋友之间依然存在的联结，与“stranger”形成对比，符合语境。故选B项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’vealwayslovedtraveling,andhavespentmostofmyadultlifeonthemoveorplanningmynextadventure.In2023,IvisitedtheGalapagosIslandsand___21___PostOfficeBayonFloreanaIsland,whereanoldwhiskybarrel(桶)___22___asapostbox.Peoplewillleavealetterandtakeonethattheycan___23___totheirnextdestination.Thebarrelwas___24___withpostcards.Itookacouplehomeandhappilydeliveredthem.Therecipientswereincrediblygrateful,anditfeltwonderfultohave___25___suchjoy.Weekslater,Icouldn’tstop___26___abouttheletters.ThenIthought:WhatifIspentayeardeliveringlettersfromthatpostbox?IrealizedIcouldkeepmy___27___jobwhiletravelingtheworldanddeliveringpost.SoIdecidedto___28___myjourneyonsocialmediatokeeparecordofmyadventuresandconnectwithpeople.In2024,I___29___totheGalapagosandpicked55lettersandpostcards.Iaimedtodeliveroneaweek,relyingonlyonaddressesratherthansocialmedia.Iwasextremely____30____duringthefirstfewdeliveriesasIhadnoideahowpeoplewould____31____me.Atfirst,peoplewereconfused,butoncetheyunderstoodwhatIwasdoing,theyturnedouttobereallywarmandwelcoming—thoughtherewere____32____.InNorway,Ialmostgotarrested(逮捕).Awoman____33____myselfiestickforaweaponandcalledthepolice.IhadtoshowtheofficersmyInstagramtoexplain,andweallendedup____34____intheend.Nowmychallengeisover,I’mwritingabookandhelpingdevelopa(n)____35____aboutmytravels.I’malreadystartingtogetitchy(痒的)feet.21.A.discovered B.built C.designed D.contacted22.A.treats B.regards C.serves D.guards23.A.send B.press C.adapt D.deliver24.A.connected B.replaced C.covered D.packed25.A.brought B.announced C.taken D.inspired26.A.talking B.thinking C.worrying D.complaining27.A.unique B.original C.remote D.professional28.A.revise B.ignore C.improve D.document29.A.travelled B.returned C.moved D.drove30.A.puzzled B.eager C.anxious D.frightened31.A.riseto B.stickto C.attachto D.respondto32.A.events B.exceptions C.struggles D.arguments33.A.mistook B.exchanged C.figured D.assumed34.A.sweating B.laughing C.comforting D.apologizing35.A.film B.account C.fashion D.lecture【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.B30.C31.D32.B33.A34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在加拉帕戈斯群岛发现特色邮桶后，开启环球送信之旅，虽遇小插曲但收获温暖，还计划创作相关作品的经历。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2023年，我游览了加拉帕戈斯群岛，发现了弗洛雷亚纳岛上的邮局湾，那里有一个旧威士忌桶充当邮筒。A.discovered发现；B.built建造；C.designed设计；D.contacted联系。根据前文“IvisitedtheGalapagosIslands”以及后文对邮局湾和威士忌桶邮筒的介绍可知，作者是在游览途中发现了这个地方和特别的邮筒。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2023年，我游览了加拉帕戈斯群岛，发现了弗洛雷亚纳岛上的邮局湾，那里有一个旧威士忌桶充当邮筒。A.treats对待；B.regards认为；C.serves充当；D.guards守卫。根据前文“anoldwhiskybarrel”和后文“asapostbox”可知，这个旧威士忌桶的作用是充当邮筒，serveas为固定搭配表“充当、担任”。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们会留下一封信，再拿走一封，能把它送到自己的下一个目的地。A.send发送；B.press按压；C.adapt适应；D.deliver递送。根据后文“Itookacouplehomeandhappilydeliveredthem”和“WhatifIspentayeardeliveringlettersfromthatpostbox?”可知，此处指拿走信件并将其递送到下一个目的地，deliver为后文的原词复