黄金卷01 备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷）（解析版）

【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（全国卷）黄金卷01（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A．Pleased. B．Surprised. C．Grateful.【答案】B【原文】M:I’mlookingforwardtotheartshowthisweekend.VincentvanGogh’sTheStarryNightistrulyabeautifulartpiece.W:Oh,Ineverthoughtyouhavesuchgoodtasteinart.2．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Doingsomeshopping. B．Sendingaletter. C．Askingtheway.【答案】C【原文】W:Excuseme.Doyouknowwherethenearestdrugstoreis?M:Gostraight.Turnleftatthefirsttrafficlight,walktwoblocks,andthenturnright.Itisnexttothesupermarketandacrossfromthepostoffice.W:Thanksalot.Igotit.3．Whatarethespeakers?A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Officials.【答案】A【原文】W:IhopewegetatyphoondaythisFriday.M:Me,too.Itwouldbenicetogetanextradayoff.Ourteachersaregivingfartoomuchhomework!W:Thegovernmentwillmakeanannouncementat10p.m.Makesuretowatchthat.4．Whereareprobablythespeakers?A．Inapetshop. B．Inarestaurant. C．Inagrocerystore.【答案】B【原文】W:Excuseme.MayIhavethebill,please?M:OK.It’s120yuanintotal.W:Allright.Canyougivemetwodoggybags?Iwanttopacktheleftovers.M:Sure.Noproblem.Hereyouare.5．Whoisreading?A．Kate. B．John. C．Lily.【答案】C【原文】W:Hello,John.DoyouknowwhereLilyandKateare?Ihavebeenlookingforthemallday.M:Theyareintheclassroomnow.LilyisreadingandKateiswriting.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答6~7小题。6．Whatistheman?A．Adoctor. B．Asalesman. C．Achemist.7．Whatissaidaboutthemedicine?A．Ithassideeffects. B．Itmaycausediscomfort. C．Itshouldbetakenbeforemeals.【答案】6．C7．B【原文】M:Hello,mayIhelpyou?W:Yes.MydoctorsaidIshouldtakethismedicine.Canyoufilltheprescription（处方）?M:Oh,yes.Noproblem.W:Doesthismedicinehaveanysideeffects?M:Nosideeffects.Yourdoctorstatestosimplytakeitbeforeyougotosleep.However,ifyoufeelbadinthemorning,callyourdoctorrightaway,andfinallydon’tdrinkanyalcoholwhileyou’retakingthismedicine.听下面一段较长对话，回答8~9小题。8．WhatisthewomangoingtodoonSaturdayafternoon?A．Gotoafestival. B．Takeapart-timejob. C．Meetherfriends.9．Wherearethespeakersprobablynow?A．Inafactory. B．Inagrocery. C．Inasupermarket.【答案】8．B9．A【原文】M:Hi,Mary.AreyougoingtotheculturefestivalonSaturday?W:No,Ican’t.Ihaveapart-timejobintheafternoon.Howaboutyou?M:Ican’t,either.Iworkpart-time,too.W:Thatsoundstiring.WhatdoyouusuallydoonSaturdaynights?M:Uh,Iusuallymeetmyfriendswhoworkinacompany.Whataboutyou?W:I’musuallyprettytiredafterworkinginthisfactory.M:Sowhatdoyoudoafteryoufinishworkhere?W:Ijustrelaxathomeintheevening.IgetupearlyonSundays,dothecleaningandgotoasupermarket.听下面一段较长对话，回答10~12小题。10．Howlongdidthewomanworkinthetravelagency?A．Afewdays. B．Severalmonths. C．Oneyear.11．WhydidJoegotoCanada?A．Tofindajob. B．Tovisithisfriends. C．Tospendhisholidays.12．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．ThemanisleavingforCanada,too.B．NeitherofthemhasseenJoeforalongtime.C．ThemanhasbeenintouchwithJoe.【答案】10．B11．A12．B【原文】M:Areyouworkingatthemoment?WhenIlastspoketoyou,youwereworkinginatravelagency.W:That’sright.Unfortunately,thefirmwentoutofbusinessacoupleofmonthsafterIstartedworkthere,soIlostmyjob.M:Andyouhaven’thadajobsincethen?W:Notapermanentjob.I’vehadafewtemporaryjobs.Bytheway,haveyouseenJoerecently?M:Joe?He’sinCanada.W:Really?HowlonghashebeeninCanada?M:Aboutayearnow.Isawhimafewdaysbeforehewent.Hehadbeenunemployedformonths,sohedecidedtotryhislucksomewhereelse.Hewasreallylookingforwardtogoing.W:So,whatishedoingthere?M:I’venoidea.Ihaven’theardfromhimsinceheleft.Anyway,Imustgoandcatchmytrain.Itisreallynicetoseeyouagain.W:Me,too.Bye.Haveagoodjourney.听下面一段较长对话，回答13~16小题。13．Whatwillthemandofirst?A．Setthetable. B．TurnofftheTV. C．WaitforJimmy.14．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Motherandson. B．Teacherandstudent. C．Husbandandwife.15．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthedinner?A．Delicious. B．Unhealthy. C．Unsatisfying.16．Whatwillthemandointheevening?A．Prepareameal. B．Gooutforawalk. C．Dohishomework.【答案】13．B14．A15．C16．C【原文】W:Kris,canyousetthetableforme?M:Justaminute,Mom.I’mwatchingTV.W:TurnofftheTVanddoitnow.Idon’twanttohavetoaskyouasecondtime.M:Fine,Mom.I’mcoming.Where’sJimmy?W:Iguesshe’sstillatthegym.Heissupposedtobehomebynow.M:Oh.What’sfordinner?W:Noodles,cheeseandvegetables.M:Notagain.Wealwayshavethat.W:Don’tsaythat.Youshouldbethankfulthatwehavefoodtoeat.M:Can’tIhavesomethingelse?W:No,youcan’t.Ijustgothomefromworkat7:00andhavespentanhourmakingthismealforyou.Now,you’regoingtoeatit.M:Fine,Iwill.AndthenI’llhavetodomyhomework.听下面一段独白，回答17~20小题。17．Whoisthespeakermostlikelytalkingto?A．Newemployees. B．Patients. C．Tourists.18．Whereisthehealthcenter?A．OnTyeRoad.B．Nexttoasmallgarden.C．Inthemainbuilding.19．Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheswimmingpool?A．It’sfreeofcharge.B．It’sopenalldaylong.C．It’sintheleisurecenter.20．WhydoesthespeakerrecommendJenny’sRestaurant?A．Itsavestime.B．Itsserviceisquitegood.C．Ithasgoodandcheapfood.【答案】17．A18．B19．B20．C【原文】

W:Now,asyou’renew,I’mjustgoingtoshowyouamapofthehospitalandpointoutafewkeyplaces.Atthemoment,we’reinthemainbuilding,that’sthere...andifyougooutofthemainentranceandjustalongthemainroadtotheeast,you’llfindthestaffleisurecenter.There’sarangeofthingsthatyoucandoheretohelpyourelax.Ifyougetill,wedohaveahealthcenterforallemployees,andthisisdirectlybehindthemainhospitalbuilding.Andthereisasmallgardennexttoit.Manyofyoumightliketogotothe24-hourswimmingpool.They’reverycloseby,anditdoesn’tcostmuchmoneytogetin.Ifyouwalkoutofthemainbuilding,there’saroadstraightaheadofyou.GodownthatandturnleftintoTyeRoad—you’llseethepoolentranceattheendofthatroad.Finally,ifyouwantahealthymealandyouhaveverylittletimetogetit,ofcoursethere’salwaysthedininghallinsidethemainbuilding.ButIwouldrecommendaplacecalledJenny’sRestaurantwhichisnearthemainbuilding.Youcangetanumberofexcellentdisheshereatareasonableprice.Well,Ithinkthat’sall.Thankyou.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEuropeisoneofthebesttravellingoptionsforeveryone.It’srichinculture,andeverycountryisdistinctinbeauty.Plus,thecuisineisnottobemissed.HerearethebestfourEuropeancitiestotravelto!ViennaThecapitalofAustria,Vienna,isthelargestcityinthecountry,andit’salsoacultural,economicandpoliticalcenter.Itisknownasthecityofmusicandthecityofdreams,beinganimportantplaceforBeethovenandSigmundFreud.It’salsoconsideredoneofthecitiesintheworldwhichissuitableforlivingandwherethequalityoflifeishigh.BerlinBerlinisthecapitalofGermanyandistheplaceofculture,politics,mediaandscience.Itholdsastronghistory,andyoucanlearnmanythingsaboutthecity’scontributionstothewholeworld.TravellingtoBerlinisquiteeasy,giventhatit’sanaccessiblecityandyouhaveplentyofaffordableoptionssuchastrains,trams,busesandthemetro.CopenhagenCopenhagenisthecapitalcityofDenmarkandisknowntobeoneofthemostsustainablecitiesintheworld.It’sfullofMichelin-starredrestaurants,hasplentyofmuseumsandholdstheCopenhagenFashionWeek,whichisthelargestfashioneventinNorthernEurope.AmsterdamThecapitaloftheNetherlands,Amsterdam,isknownforthenumberofcanalsthatarepartoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Thesearealsothemainattractionofthecity,butthat’snotall.ThegoodthingaboutAmsterdamisthatyoucanvisititbybike,asithasoneofthebestnetworksofcycleroutesintheworld.21．WhichisnotareasonfortravelingtoEurope?A．Yummyfood. B．Naturalscenery. C．Adequateculture. D．Goodtransportation.22．Ifyouareafashionableicon,whichcitywillyouchoosetovisit?A．Vienna. B．Berlin. C．Copenhagen. D．Amsterdam.23．Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Viennawinsareputationforbeinglivable.B．Berlinislessinfluentialcomparedtoothers.C．Copenhagenismodernbutnoteco-friendly.D．TransportationcanbeanissueinAmsterdam.【答案】21．D22．C23．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。欧洲是每个人最好的旅行选择之一。本文主要介绍了四个适合旅游的欧洲城市。细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Europeisoneofthebesttravellingoptionsforeveryone.It’srichinculture,andeverycountryisdistinctinbeauty.Plus,thecuisineisnottobemissed.(欧洲是每个人最好的旅游选择之一。它有丰富的文化，每个国家都有独特的美。此外，美食是不容错过的。)”可知，美食，自然风光和丰富的文化是去欧洲旅游的原因。D项“便利的交通”文章没有提及。故选D。细节理解题。根据Copenhagen中的介绍“It’sfullofMichelin-starredrestaurants,hasplentyofmuseumsandholdstheCopenhagenFashionWeek,whichisthelargestfashioneventinNorthernEurope.(这里到处都是米其林星级餐厅，有很多博物馆，还举办了哥本哈根时装周，这是北欧最大的时尚活动。)”可知，如果你是时尚达人，你会选择去哥本哈根。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据Vienna中的介绍“It’salsoconsideredoneofthecitiesintheworldwhichissuitableforlivingandwherethequalityoflifeishigh.(它也被认为是世界上最适合居住的城市之一，生活质量很高)”可知，维也纳赢得了宜居的美誉。故选A。BLookingback,GeoffBanksofDevon,EnglandcanhardlyevenrememberhowhefirststartedwritingtohisAmericanfriend,CelestaByrne.GeoffandCelestaweregiveneachother'snamesandaddressesaspartofaschoolpenpalprogrambackin1938.They'rebothnow100yearsold,andalothaschangedinthepast84years:theiragechanged:theirappearancechanged;butonethinghasnot—theystillusethetraditionalwaytocontact.“Ihonestlystruggletoremembersomething,butIwastalkingtoCelestarecentlyandIthinkitwassomethingtodowithanAmericanschool'sscheme,Geoffsaid.”TheymatchedusupwithAmericansforapenpalrelationship,andsomehowIendedupwiththisletterfromanAmericangirl,andwe'vejustkeptcorresponding（通信）eversince."GeoffandCelesta'srelationshipneverturnedromantic,buttheysharedalotoverthedecades.TheykeptuptheircorrespondencethroughWorldWarII,sendingupdatesabouttheirfamilies,friends,andwork.In2002,theyfinallygotachancetomeetinpersonduringatriptoNewYorkCity.Twoyearslater,theymetupagain,buteversincethenthey'vegonebacktopenandpaper.Recently,they'veswitchedtodigitalformsofcommunicationtostayintouch,somethingthat'seasierhasbeeneasierontheireyesandhands.Theirchildrenhavehelpedthemsetupemailaccounts.“I'veknownthisnewthingcalledZoom,Ithink,nowtochatwithher,butIleaveallthetechnologytoyoungerpeople.Deepdown,IrefusetouseZoom.WritingtoCelestahasbeenasourceofgreatsatisfaction'formeovertheyears,”saidGeoff.Celestasaystheirrelationshipis“likepeoplewholivenextdoor”.“Youknowhowthey'redoing,yousayafewwords,andthenyoubothgotowork,”sheexplained.“She'salwaysbeentheretowriteto,evenifitwasjustbirthdaycardsandChristmascards,”Geoffadded.24．WhatdoGeoffandCelestainsistondoingoverthe80years?A．Enjoyingtellingjokes. B．Writingtoeachother.C．Creatingaprogram. D．Keepingasecret.25．WhatdoGeoffBanks'wordsinParagraph3tellus?A．Howtheygotintouch. B．Whytheylikedwriting.C．Whattheybothlikedtodo. D．Whentheyranascheme.26．WhatisGeoff'sattitudetowardsusingZoomtostayintouch?A．Supportive. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Disapproving.27．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceawaytomakefriends. B．Toteachusskillsofwritingletters.C．Totellusataleoflifelongfriends. D．Tostressthepoweroftechnology.【答案】24．B25．A26．D27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两位百岁老人彼此写信保持终生友谊的故事。细节理解题。根据第二段中“They'rebothnow100yearsold,andalothaschangedinthepast84years:theiragechanged:theirappearancechanged;butonethinghasnot——theystillusethetraditionalwaytocontact.（他们的年龄变了，外表变了：但有一件事没有改变——他们仍然使用传统的联系方式。）可知，80多年来，他们一直坚持彼此写信联系。故选B项。主旨大意题。根据第三段““Ihonestlystruggletoremembersomething,butIwastalkingtoCelestarecentlyandIthinkitwassomethingtodowithanAmericanschool'sscheme,Geoffsaid.”TheymatchedusupwithAmericansforapenpalrelationship,andsomehowIendedupwiththisletterfromanAmericangirl,andwe'vejustkeptcorresponding（通信）eversince.””（杰夫说：“老实说，我很难记起一些事情，但我最近和塞莱斯塔聊了聊，我想这可能与一家美国学校的计划有关。”他们给我们介绍了一些美国人成为笔友，不知怎么的，我收到了一封来自一个美国女孩的信，从那以后我们就一直保持通信。”）可知，GeoffBanks讲述了他们之间是如何开始保持联系的。故选A项。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Deepdown,IrefusetouseZoom.”（内心深处，我拒绝使用Zoom）可知，Geoff不喜欢使用Zoom。故选D项。27．推理判断题。根据第一段“Lookingback,GeoffBanksofDevon,EnglandcanhardlyevenrememberhowhefirststartedwritingtohisAmericanfriend,CelestaByrne.”（回想起来，英格兰德文郡的杰夫·班克斯甚至不记得他是如何开始给他的美国朋友塞莱斯塔·伯恩写信的。）以及下文的具体叙述可知，文章主要讲述了两位百岁老人彼此写信保持终生友谊的故事。故选C项。CPeoplewerealreadyknowntoconsumemicroplasticsviafoodandwateraswellasbreathingthemin.Inanewstudy,scientistsanalyzedbloodsamplesfrom22healthydonatorsandfoundmicroplasticsin17.HalfthesamplescontainedPETplastic,whichiscommonlyusedindrinksbottles,whileathirdcontainedpolystyrene,whichisusedforpackagingfoodandotherproducts.Aquarterofthebloodsamplescontaincdpolyethylene,fromwhichplasticcarrierbagsaremade.“Previousworkhadshownthatmicroplasticswere10timeshigherinthefaeces(粪便)ofbabiescomparedwithadultsandthatbabiesfedwithplasticbottlesareswallowingmillionsofmicroplasticparticles(微粒)aday.Wealsoknowingeneralthatbabiesaremoresensitivetochemicalandparticleexposure,”saidProfDickVethaak,ascientistatVrijeUniversiteitAmsterdam.“Thatworriesmealot.”Thenewresearchadaptedexistingtechniquestodetectandanalyzeparticlesassmallas0.0007mm.Someofthebloodsamplescontainedtwoorthreetypesofplastic.Theteamusedsteelsyrıngeneedlesandglasstubestoavoidpollutionandtestedforbackgroundlevelsofmicroplasticsusingblanksamples.Vethaakacknowledgedthattheamountandtypeofplasticvariedconsiderablybetweenthebloodsamples.“Butthisisapioneeringstudy,”hesaid,withmoreworknownecded.Hesaidthedifferencesmightreflectshort-termexposurebeforethebloodsamplesweretaken,suchasdrinkingfromaplastic-linedcoffeecuporwearingaplasticfacemask.Arecentstudyfoundthatmicroplasticscanattachtotheoutermembranes(膜)ofredbloodcellsandmaylimittheirabilitytotransportoxygen.Theparticleshavealsobeenfoundintheplacentasofpregnantwomen.“Arctheparticlespreservedinthebody?Aretheytransportedtocertainorgans?Andaretheselevelssufficientlyhightocausedisease?”Vethaaksaid.“Moredetailedresearchonhowmicroplasticsaffectthestructuresandprocessesofthehumanbody,andwhetherandhowtheycantransformcellsandhowtheymaycausecancer,isurgentlyneeded.Theproblemisbecomingmoreurgenteachday,”Vethaakadded.28．WhatdoesthenewstudyinParagraphIshow?A．Microplasticpollutionisharmfultohumanhealth.B．Microplasticshavebeendetectedinhumanblood.C．Drinksbottlescontainmoremicroplasticsthanplasticcarrierbags.D．Foodpackagıngisthemainsourceofmicroplasticsinthehumanbody.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph2referto?A．Themassproductionofplasticbottles.B．Theimpactofmicroplasticsonbabies.C．Theundevelopeddigestivesystemofbabies.D．Theincreasingamountofchemicalsinfood.30．Whatmightcausemicroplasticstovarybetweenbloodsamples?A．Diversesamplingtime.B．Pollutionofbloodsamples.C．Differentphysicalconditionsofdonators.D．Short-termexposuretoplasticsbeforesampling.31．Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．StudiesofPlasticProducts.B．TheExpectationofMicroplastics.C．PioneeringStudiesofMicroplasticParticles.D．StudiesofMicroplasticsintoHumanBody.【答案】28．B29．B30．D31．D【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现人类血中存在微塑料。细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inanewstudy,scientistsanalyzedbloodsamplesfrom22healthydonatorsandfoundmicroplasticsin17.(在一项新的研究中，科学家分析了22名健献血者的血液样本，并在17名献血者中发现微塑料)”可知，微塑料已经在人类血液中被测到。故选B项。词句猜测题。根据第二段中that的上文“babiesfedwithplasticbottlesareswallowingmillionsofmicroplasticparticles(微粒)aday.Wealsoknowingeneralthatbabiesaremoresensitivetochemicalandparticleexposure(用塑料瓶喂养的婴儿每天吞食数以百万计的塑料微粒。我们也知道，一般来说，婴儿对化学物质和颗粒更敏感)”可知，that指代文提到的“微塑料对婴儿的影响”，即微塑料婴儿的影响让ProfDickVethaak担忧。故选B项。细节理解题。根据第四段中“Hesaidthedifferencesmightreflectshort-termexposurebeforethebloodsamplesweretaken,suchasdrinkingfromaplastic-linedcoffeecuporwearingaplasticfacemask.(他说，这些差异可能反映了在采集血液样本之前的短期接触，比如用塑料内衬的咖啡杯喝水或戴塑料口罩。)”可知，导致微塑料在血液样本之间的变化能是采样前短期接触塑料造成的。故选D31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Inanewstudy,scientistsanalyzedbloodsamplesfrom22healthydonatorsandfoundmicroplasticsin17.HalfthesamplescontainedPETplastic,whichiscommonlyusedindrinksbottles,whileathirdcontainedpolystyrene,whichisusedforpackagingfoodandotherproducts.Aquarterofthebloodsamplescontaincdpolyethylene,fromwhichplasticcarrierbagsaremade.(在一项新的研究中，科学家分析了22名健康献血者的血液样本，在17名中发现了微塑料。一半的样品含有PET塑料，这种塑料通常用于饮料瓶，而三分之一的样品含有聚苯乙烯，这种塑料用于包装食品和其他产品。四分之一的血液样本含有聚乙烯，塑料袋就是用这种材料制成的。)”可知，本段引出文章的主题，即微塑料进入人体的研究，接着文章详述了研究的过程和方向，故D选项符合题意。故选D。DAfterlosinganimportantdealinIndia,abusinessnegotiatorlearnedthathercounterpart(对方)feltasifshehadbeenrushingthroughthetalks.Thebusinessnegotiatorthoughtshewasbeingefficientwiththeirtime.Theircultureshavedifferentviewsonhowtoconductnegotiations,andinthiscase,thebarrierpreventedasuccessfuloutcome.Researchshowsthatdeal-makingacrossculturestendstoleadtoworseoutcomesascomparedwithnegotiationsconductedwithinthesameculture.Asweknow,culturesarecharacterizedbydifferentbehaviors,communicationstylesandnorms(准则).Consequently,whennegotiatingacrosscultures,webringdifferentviewstothebargainingtable,whichinturnmayresultinpotentialmisunderstandingsthatcanleadtoalowerlikelihoodofdiscoveringvalue-creatingsolutions.Culturalconflictinnegotiationsislinkedwiththefactthatwe,atmosttimes,interpretothers’behaviors,values,andbeliefsthroughthelens(透镜)ofourownculture.Toovercomethis,itisimportanttorescarchthecustomsandbehaviorsofdifferentculturesaswellasunderstandwhypeoplefollowthesecustomsandexhibitthesebehaviorsinthefirstplace.Justasimportant,notonlydocountrieshaveuniquecultures,butteamsandorganizationsdotoo.Beforepartakinginanynegotiation,takethetimetostudythecontextandthepersonontheothersideofthebargainingtable,includingthevariousculturestowhichhebelongs,whetherthecultureofhisculture,thecultureofengineering,orhisparticularcompany’scorporateculture.Themoreyouknowabouttheclient,thebetteroffyou’lldoinanynegotiation.Therefore,weseethenegotiatorhaslearnedherIndiancounterpartwouldhaveappreciatedaslowerpacewithmoreopportunitiesforrelationshipbuilding.Sheseemstohaverunintotheissue:UsingtimeefficientlyinthecourseofnegotiationsisgenerallyvaluedintheUnitedStates,butinIndia,there’softenagreaterfocusonbuildingrelationshipsearlyintheprocess.Bydoingresearchontheclients’cultures,theycanadjusttheirnegotiationmethodandgivethemselvesabetterchanceofcreatingavaluablenegotiationexperienceforboththemselvesandtheircounterpart.32．Whatresultedinthebusinesswoman’sfailureinhernegotiationinIndia?A．Herslowworkstyle. B．Theirpersonalconflictsofinterests.C．Herpoorcommunicationcapacity. D．Thedifferencesbetweentheircultures.33．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theanalysesaboutthefindingsoftheresearch. B．Thedeepreasonsforfailedcross-culturenegotiations.C．Thecommonmisunderstandingsinnegotiations. D．Thecausesofconflictsbetweennegotiators’views.34．WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttosayinParagraph4?A．Rescearchisnecessarybeforenegotiating.B．Peopleshouldrespectculturaldifferences.C．Meetingculturaldifferencesisfairlycommon.D．Cross-cultureconflictsresultfromignorance.35．Whatisthefunctionofthelastparagraph?A．Tocomeupwithanewconclusion. B．Torecommendanegotiationmethod.C．Tosummarizetheaboveparagraphs. D．Tosharedifferentopinionsontheexample.【答案】32．D33．B34．A35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何通过了解不同的文化来应对文化冲突，从而在跨文化谈判中达成合作。32.细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theircultureshavedifferentviewsonhowtoconductnegotiations,andinthiscase,thebarrierpreventedasuccessfuloutcome.(他们的文化对如何进行谈判有不同的看法，在这种情况下，这种障碍阻碍了成功的结果)”可知，双方的文化差异导致了生意谈判失败。故选D项。33．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Asweknow,culturesarecharacterizedbydifferentbehaviors,communicationstylesandnorms(准则).Consequently,whennegotiatingacrosscultures,webringdifferentviewstothebargainingtable,whichinturnmayresultinpotentialmisunderstandingsthatcanleadtoalowerlikelihoodofdiscoveringvalue-creatingsolutions.(正如我们所知，文化以不同的行为、沟通方式和规范为特征。因此，当跨文化谈判时，我们会把不同的观点带到谈判桌上，这反过来可能会导致潜在的误解，从而降低发现创造价值的解决方案的可能性)”可知，该段主要分析的是跨文化谈判失败的深层原因，即不同的文化往往有不同的观点，有可能导致潜在的误解。故选B项。34．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Beforepartakinginanynegotiation,takethetimetostudythecontextandthepersonontheothersideofthebargainingtable,includingthevariousculturestowhichhebelongs,whetherthecultureofhisculture,thecultureofengineering,orhisparticularcompany’scorporateculture.Themoreyouknowabouttheclient,thebetteroffyou’lldoinanynegotiation.(在参加任何谈判之前，花点时间研究背景和谈判桌上的对方，包括他所属的各种文化，无论是他的文化、工程文化，还是他所在公司的企业文化。你对客户了解得越多，你在谈判中就越有利)”可推知，作者在该段想要表达的是在谈判前进行调查研究很有必要，对对方的文化越了解，越有利于谈判的进行。故选A项。35．推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段给出跨文化谈判失败的案例，第二、三、四段从该案例出发，分析了跨文化谈判往往会失败背后深层次的文化原因，以及解决这种跨文化问题的方法，最后一段回到案例本身，结合上文的原因和方法，给案例中的人提供了具体的建议。由此推知，该段旨在归纳上文。故选C项。第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A2021reportfromHabitatforHumanityInternationalfoundthatSDG11.1wasactuallyregressing.Weareseeingstagnationinsteadofprogresstowardthegoal.Governmentsmustprioritizeadequatehousing,especiallyforthosestrugglingtosurviveintoday’sovercrowdedsettlements.36Herearethreestepsthatgovernments—andleadersinboththepublicandprivatesectors—cantaketoalleviatethisgrowinghousingcrisis:1.Prioritizelandtenure(占有)securityEnsureresidentsofinformalsettlementshavesecurerightstothelandtheyinhabit.ThishasalreadyhappenedonalargescaleincountriessuchasHonduras,wherecivilsocietyorganizationsandgovernmentscametogethertoformdiversecommissionsthatdevelopedpolicyrecommendationsaroundhousingandland,negotiatingapprovaloftherecommendationsandthenmonitoringtheirimplementation.37.2.38ForresidentsofFreetown’sinformalsettlementsandcountlessothercities,traditionalavenuesofhousingfinancearesimplynotaccessible.39Theyexhibitsimilarcharacteristicstotraditionalmortgageloans,buttheirsmallersizehelpsmakethemmoreaccessibletofamilieswithlowerincomes.3.Strengthenclimate-resilienthousing40.Thepublicandprivatesectorscanworktogethertosupportandinvestincommunitystart-upsspecializinginlow-cost,climate-resilienthomesandlocallysourcedbuildingmaterials.Forexample,anNGObasedinSierraLeone,HomeLeone,hasoverthepast5yearsbeendevelopingaffordablehousingutilizinglow-costconstructiontechniques,andprovidingfacilitiestomeetthebasicneedsofcommunitiesandanintegratedapproachtohousingdevelopmentforlow-incomecommunities.Wemustactnowtopaveastrongerfoundationforthemorethan10billionpeopleexpectedtoinhabitourcitiesby2050.Thisstartswiththeurgentimprovementofhousinginrapidlyexpandinginformalsettlementsworldwide.Thislong-overdueinvestmentwillmorethanpayforitselfbybuildingmoreprosperousandequitablecommunitiesforgenerationstocome.A．ExpandfinanceforhousingB．RevolutionizemortgageloansC．InformalsettlementsarehighlyvulnerabletotheimpactsofclimatechangeD．Thatmeansincreasingfinancialcommitmentsbyanorderofmagnitudeandmakingmeaningfulpolicychanges.E．Butthesituationhaschangedalot.F．Throughtheirtechnicalassistance,morethan1millionpeoplehaveimprovedaccesstotheirlandrightsG．Microloansofferhopebyprovidingindividualswiththemeanstoaccesscapitalforhousingimprovementsandupgrades.【答案】36．D37．F38．A39．G40．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。国际人居中心2021年的一份报告发现，可持续发展目标11.1实际上正在倒退。我们看到的是停滞不前，而不是朝着目标前进。本文针对这一问题提出了几个建议。根据上文“Governmentsmustprioritizeadequatehousing,especiallyforthosestrugglingtosurviveintoday’sovercrowdedsettlements.(各国政府必须优先考虑足够的住房，尤其是为那些在当今拥挤的定居点中挣扎求生的人提供足够的住房。)”可知此处上下文说的是政府要提供足够的住房。增加住房就意味着更多的财政投入，可推理出下文说的是与财政投入的增加有关的话题，与D项“Thatmeansincreasingfinancialcommitmentsbyanorderofmagnitudeandmakingmeaningfulpolicychanges.(这意味着将财政承诺增加一个数量级，并做出有意义的政策改变)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。根据上文“Ensureresidentsofinformalsettlementshavesecurerightstothelandtheyinhabit.(确保非正规住区的居民对其居住的土地享有安全的权利。)”可知此处上下文说的是与保障居民所居住的土地安全有关的话题，与F项“Throughtheirtechnicalassistance,morethan1millionpeoplehaveimprovedaccesstotheirlandrights(通过技术援助，100多万人改善了获得土地权利的机会)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。根据下文“ForresidentsofFreetown’sinformalsettlementsandcountlessothercities,traditionalavenuesofhousingfinancearesimplynotaccessible.(对于弗里敦非正规定居点和无数其他城市的居民来说，传统的住房融资渠道根本无法获得。)”可知下文提出了一个需要解决的问题，可推理出下文对这一问题给与扩大住房融资有关的建议，与A项“Expandfinanceforhousing(扩大住房融资)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。根据下文“Theyexhibitsimilarcharacteristicstotraditionalmortgageloans,buttheirsmallersizehelpsmakethemmoreaccessibletofamilieswithlowerincomes.(它们表现出与传统抵押贷款相似的特征，但较小的规模有助于低收入家庭更容易获得这些贷款。)”可知此处上下文说的是与小额贷款有助于解决问题有关的话题，与G项“Microloansofferhopebyprovidingindividualswiththemeanstoaccesscapitalforhousingimprovementsandupgrades.(小额贷款为个人提供了获得住房改善和升级资金的途径，从而带来了希望。)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。40．根据下文“Thepublicandpr