中国文化概况英文考试术语

中国文化概况英文考试术语jorculturalheritageoutstandingfolkartslrelicshineseancestorstterinedscholargiftedscholarsandbeautifulladiesghartthepastservethepresenttomaketheforeignserveChinaleofcivilizationlizationobeextensiveandprofoundtoenjoyagood/highreputationforobehonoredcrownedasantplacetoshouldertheresponsibilityof...becloselyassociatedwithtopromoteChinesecultureopromoteworldpeacehancefriendshipturalandamusementactivitiesreindustryaldepositalundertakingalexchangealdifferencetovarywidelyfromregion/placetoplacetopromotethespreadofcultureromoteexchangesberichandcolorfuladitionalvirtuesspecttheelderlyosupporttakecareofparentserationlonglifekeepsbsafeglizegoodluckandblessingstyaesthetictasteMarchoftheVolunteers义勇军进行曲theGrandCanalbetweenBeijingandHangzhou京杭descendantsofYanandHuang炎黄子孙specialadministrativeregion特别行政区onecountry,twosystems一国两制banningallschoolsofthoughtexceptConfucianism罢黜Buddhistscriptures佛经threeobediencesandfourvirtues三从四德theKoran古兰经WhentheEightImmortalscrossthesea,eachdemonstratestheirdivinepower八.仙过海philosophicalprose诸子散文literarycriticism文学评论SoftandTunefulSchool婉约派FourGreatClassicalNovels四大名著theNobelPriceforLiterature诺贝尔文学奖regularscript楷书FourTreasuresoftheStudy文房四宝crosstalk相声shadowplay皮影戏pluckedinstrument弦乐器PreliminaryEve小年GoldenWeek黄金周SpringFestivalGala春节联欢晚会DoubleSeventhFestival七夕节autonomousprefecture自治州eightregionalcuisines八大菜系double-stewedsoup老火靓汤oolongtea乌龙茶arm-crossedwine交杯酒ABiteofChina舌尖上的中国SilkRoad丝绸之路paddy-fieldcostume稻田装batikorwaxpainting蜡染Chinesetunicsuit中山装betrothalgift订婚礼物和加拿大，居世界第三位。中国地形特征复杂多变，西部为高原，东部为平原。山地和丘陵四季分明，适宜人类居住。LocatedintheeastoftheAsiancontinent,onthewesternshorethePacificOcean,thePRChasalandareaofabout9.6millionsquarekilometres,andisthethirdlargestcountryintheworld.nextonlytoRussiaandCanada.Chinaisacountryintheworldofvariedtopographicalfeatureswithhighlandsinthewestandplainsintheeast.Mountainouslandandveryroughterrainsmakeupabout67%ofChineseterritory,basinsandplansabout33%.Mostofliesinthenorthtemperatezone,characterisedbyawarmclimateanddistinctiveseasons,aclimatewellsuitedforhabitation.选择自己的宗教信仰和表明自己的宗教身份。Chinaisamulti-religioncountry.thereligionsthatarebelievedbyChinesepeoplearemainlyTaoism,Buddhism,Islam,CatholicismandChristianity.amongwhichTaoismisindigenoustoChinawhiletheothersareofforeignorigin.Chinesecitizensmayfreelychoosetheirreligiousbeliefsandmakeclearaffiliations.的特点，这些诗歌可以划分三类：风雅颂。《诗经》中的诗歌多以四言为主，表现手法主要后代文学的影响非常深远。TheBookofSongs.thefirstanthologyofpoetryinchina.includes305poemsfortheearlyWestern,zhoudynastytothemiddleofspringandautumnperiod.Inthelightoftheirrhythmstheworkscanbedividedintothreesections:fengyasong.ThepoemsinTheBookofSongsaremainlywritteninfour-characterlines.Intermsofitswritingtechnique,itcanbeclassifiedintofubiandxingAsthestartingpointofChineseliterature,TheBookofSongshasgreatinfluenceontheliteraryworksoflatergenerations京剧有200多年历史，在中国的传统戏曲剧种中最为有名。在表演中，演员根据活动来表示开门、上楼、划船、骑马等动作。BeijingOpera,whichhasahistoryofmorethan200years，enjoysthegreatestreputationamongChina’straditionaloperas.InBeijingOpera,performersweardifferenttypesofmake-upaccordingtothecharacterstheyperform.Singingrecitation,actingandacrobaticfightingarethefourmajorartisticmeansandthefourbasicskillsofBeijingOpera.EachactionofaBeijingOperaperformersishighlysymbolic.Gestures,footwork,andotherbodymovementscanexpresstheactionssuchasopeningadoor,gongingupstairs,rowingaboat,ridingahorse,etc.春节是中国农历年的岁首，是最隆重的传统节日。春节的习俗很多，如放鞭炮、贴春联、#大年、吃饺子等。春节期间，各地还会举办各种庆祝活动，其中传统庙会活动会一直持续很TheSpringFestivalisChina’smostimportanttraditionalfestivalthatfallsonthefirstdayfirstlunarmonth.Therearemanycustomsobservedduringthisfestivalsuchasburningfirecracker,pastingSpringFestivalcouplets,payingNewYearvisits,eatingdumplings,etc.Therearevariouscelebrationsinthedifferentplacesduringthisfestival,amongwhichtraditionaltemplefairslastfordays.物产以及风俗习惯的差异，形成了以鲁菜、川菜、粤菜、闽菜、苏菜、浙菜、徽菜、湘菜为代表的八大菜系。中国菜讲究色、香、味，其中以味最为重要。中国的菜五花八门，著名的菜肴名称背后都有段生动的故事，这为中国的饮食文化平添了几分的神秘色彩。ThereisanoldsayinginChina.”foodiswhatmattersmosttopeople”.ItillustratethesignificantrolefoodplaysinthelifeofChinesepeople.Asavastcountrywithdiverseclimates.andcustomChinaisknowntohaveeightregionalcuisineswhichincludeShangdongSichuan,Guangdong,Fujian,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,anhui,andhunancuisines.TherearethreeessentialstandardbywhichChinesecookingisjudged,namelycolour,aroma,andtaste,withtastebeingthemostimportant.ThenamesofChinesedishesaremanyandvarious.ThereareinterestingstoriesbehindthenamesfamousChinesedishes,whichaddtothemystiqueofChinesefoodculture.舞台上，中国的唐装、旗袍、中山装等仍是深受欢迎，成为许多的顶级大师们的灵感源泉。中国的刺绣和蜡染等民族艺术也深深的吸引了海内外的游客。AsavitalpartofChinesecivilisation,traditionalChinesecostumesandadornmentspalyanimportmentroleinthecountry‘shistoryandculture.Onthestageoffashion,theTangcostume.cheongsam,andChinesetunicsuithavestillbeenpopular;andtheyhavebecomethesourceofinspirationsformanytopfashiondesigners.Embroidery,batik,andothertraditionalChinesefolkartshavealsoattractedtouristsathomeandabroad.中秋节InChian,theMid-AutumnFestivalisoneofthemostimportantfestivals.TalkingofthetraditionsaboutMid-AutumnFestival,ItisagreatchanceforChinesefamiliestosittogether,enjoyingthebeautifulroundmoonandhand-madedeliciousmooncakes.JustlikeothertraditionalfestivalsinChina,themainpurposeofMid-Autumnisnottoenjoythemeals,ortoappreciatethebeautifulviews.Infact,it’sthefeelingoffamilythatmakesthisfestivalsoimportanttoChinese,andthat’sthereasonwhyweloveit.春节春节SpringSpringFestivaldaythatthefamiliesgettogether.ChinesepeoplemostliketheSpringFestival.ThespringfestivalisusuallyintheFebruary,.Inthespringfestival,everyfamilyallpastethelucky,SpringFestivalcoupletsandtheyfirethecracker,theyeatthedumplings,wearehavemakedumplingsit,isverydelicious.playingfireworksintheopenair.MybrotherandIplayedfireworksonthatday.Wehadmanyfireworks..thefamiliesgettogethertohavethenewyear'sdinner,wisheachother,talkaboutthewishesaboutthenewyear.SmallIhopemakeprogressinstudyandeveryoneinfamilieshappy.wearereceivethemoneygiventothemasalunarnewyeargift.llikeitverymuch元旦chinesenewyearchinesenewyearisachinesetraditionalfestival.wealsocallitthespringfestival.itisonlunarjanuary1st.onnewyear’seve,allthepeoplesitaroundthedeskandhaveabigfamilydinner.therearesomevegetables,somefish,somemeat,somefruitsandsomedrinklikejuice,coke,pepsiandsomenicewine.overall,thisisagoodanddeliciousdinner.afterdinner,wealwayswatchtvnewyearprogammes.wehaveawonderfuleveningonnewyear’seve.onthefirstdayofthespringfestival,mostofpeoplegetupearlyandsay“happynewyear”toeachother.forbreakfast,peopleofteneatdumplingsandbaozi.afterbreakfast,peopleoftenmakemanydeliciousfoods,andchildrenoftenplaycards,computergamesandfireworks.onthesecondandthirdday,wevisitfriendsandrelatives.everyoneisbusyonchinesenewyear,andeveryoneishappy,too.红楼梦ADreamoftheRedMansionsbyCaoXueqinreachedthepinnacleofclassicalChinesenovels.IthasacknowledgeasthegreatestnovelinChineseliterature.Thewriterwasbornintoanobleandpowerfulfamily,whichwaslaterreducedtopovertyfromextremeprosperity.Hisnoveldescribestheprosperityanddeclineofalargeleudalfamily.ThecentralthreadofnovelisthetragiclovestorybetweenJiaBaoyuandliandaiyu.Insteadofjusttellingthelovestory,ittapssocialoriginsofthetragedythroughprobingdeeplyintothecharacters’mindsandcomplicatedrelationships,Thecharacterjiabaoyulindaiyu,xuebaochasisterfengandGrannyliuhavebecomeartisticfiguresoflastingcharm.。下面itutionofthepeoplesrepublicofchinaisthefundamentallawofthestate.TheNPCisthehighestorganofstatepowerLocalpeople’sessesarelocalorgansofstatepowerThestandingcommitteeoftheNPCisthepermanentorganoftheNPCThetermofofficeoftheNPCitsstandingcommitteeisyearsTheNPCanditsstandingteeareempoweredwiththerightsoflegislationdecisionsupervision,electionandremoval.机关。地方各级人民代表大会是地方权力机大的常设机关。全国人大及其常委会任Thecommunistpartyisthesolepartyinpowerinchina.ApartfromartiesinchinaMultipartycooperationandpoliticalconsultationundertheleadershipoftheCPCisthebasicpoliticalsysteminchina.除此之外，还有八个民主党派。中国共产党领导Thestatecouncilorthecentralpeople’sgovernment,ofthepeoplesrepublicofchinaistheexecutivebodyofthehighestorganofstatepowerandthehighestorganofstateadministration.TheCPPCCisaunitedfrontorganizationundertheleadershipofthePCandanorganforvariousotherpoliticalpartiesmassorganizationsersonagesofvarioussocialcirclestotakepartintherunningofthestate党的领导下统一战线组织，社会各界组tdevelopedindependentofEuropeandotherntrieswithitsowndistinguishingfeatureuniqueconceptsystemsandexpressivewaysChinesephilosophyhasbecomeoneofthethreephilosophysystemsintheworldtheothertwobeingWesternphilosophyandIndianphilosophy.展。中国哲学已经成为世界三个哲学系统之一，其inesephilosophyhasdevelopedoverseveralthousandofyearsItsorigincanbetracedbacktotheXiaShang,andZhoudynasties.ItbegantotakedefiniteshapesduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriodandenjoyedthrivingdevelopmentbecauseoftheemergenceofthe“ahundredschoolsofthethoughtcontend”duringtheWarringStatesPeriod.hesbeforetheQinDynastytothelateQingDynastyandisvirtuallyanunbrokenstrandenduringdynasticchanges.。ngbeforethewrittenlanguageappearedtherewasanoralnoftalesoffablesandlegendsSomeofthemarestillkeptinbooksasaprecio