2026年北京理工大学博士英语真题及答案

2026年北京理工大学博士英语真题及答案考试说明：1.考试时间180分钟，满分100分；2.分为笔试部分（80分）和听说测试部分（20分），本次真题包含笔试全题型及听说测试参考内容；3.题型、难度贴合北理考博英语历年命题特点，兼顾北京校区与珠海校区共性考点，阅读、翻译、写作主题贴合学术热点与日常话题，词汇难度以四六级为基础，侧重学术英语应用能力考查。第一部分词汇与语法（每题1分，共20分）Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Theresearchteam’sfindingshave______ourunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenartificialintelligenceandhighereducation.A.enhancedB.deterioratedC.simplifiedD.terminated2.Inacademicresearch,itiscrucialto______thereliabilityofdatabeforedrawinganyconclusions.A.verifyB.fabricateC.overlookD.compromise3.Theprofessor’slecturefocusedonthe______challengesofapplyingnewtechnologiesintraditionalindustries.A.trivialB.prevalentC.inherentD.negligible4.Duetothe______oftheexperiment,theresultscannotbegeneralizedtoallsimilarcases.A.limitationB.efficiencyC.innovationD.significance5.Thenewpolicyisexpectedto______thedevelopmentofinterdisciplinaryresearchintheuniversity.A.hinderB.facilitateC.suspendD.contradict6.Hespentyears______thehistoricaldocumentstouncovertheoriginoftheancienttechnology.A.compilingB.manipulatingC.retrievingD.interpreting7.Theconferencebroughttogetherexpertsfromvariousfieldsto______ideasonsustainabledevelopment.A.exchangeB.monopolizeC.withdrawD.illustrate8.Thestudyfoundastrong______betweensleepqualityandacademicperformanceamongdoctoralstudents.A.correlationB.distinctionC.discrepancyD.barrier9.Itisessentialforresearcherstomaintain______whenconductingexperimentstoavoidbias.A.subjectivityB.objectivityC.flexibilityD.sensitivity10.Thenewsoftwarehasbeen______tomeetthespecificneedsofscientificdataanalysis.A.modifiedB.duplicatedC.eliminatedD.exploited11.Despitethedifficulties,theresearchprojecthasmade______progressinthepastsixmonths.A.marginalB.substantialC.moderateD.minimal12.Theauthor’sargumentis______byawealthofempiricalevidencefromrecentstudies.A.supportedB.underminedC.distractedD.simplified13.Theuniversityhasestablishedanewlaboratoryto______researchonadvancedmaterials.A.fosterB.advocateC.simulateD.replicate14.Theresultsofthestudyare______withpreviousresearchonthesametopic.A.consistentB.contradictoryC.irrelevantD.equivalent15.Doctoralstudentsarerequiredto______acomprehensiveliteraturereviewbeforestartingtheirdissertation.A.conductB.ignoreC.summarizeD.fabricate16.Therapiddevelopmentofdigitaltechnologyhas______thewayweaccessandshareinformation.A.preservedB.transformedC.stabilizedD.standardized17.Theresearchteam______anewmethodtoimprovetheefficiencyofenergyconversion.A.devisedB.discardedC.donatedD.duplicated18.Itisimportantto______thepotentialrisksbeforeimplementinganynewresearchstrategy.A.evaluateB.underestimateC.ignoreD.exaggerate19.Theprofessor’sresearchhas______anewfieldofstudyinartificialintelligenceethics.A.occupiedB.pioneeredC.dominatedD.inherited20.Thedatacollectedfromtheexperimentwas______andanalyzedusingstatisticalsoftware.A.processedB.discardedC.concealedD.distorted第二部分完形填空（每题1分，共20分）Directions:Thereisapassagewith20blanksinthispart.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.Theintegrationofartificialintelligence(AI)intohighereducationhasbecomeahottopicinrecentyears.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,AIis21______changingthewaystudentslearnandteachersteach.Unliketraditionalteachingmethods,AI-poweredtoolscan22______personalizedlearningexperiencesforstudents,adaptingtotheirindividuallearningpacesand23______.Oneofthekey24______ofAIineducationisitsabilitytoprovideinstantfeedback.Studentscanreceivereal-timeguidanceontheirassignments,helpingthem25______theirmistakesandimprovetheirlearningefficiency.Forteachers,AIcan26______tedioustaskssuchasgradingpapersandmanagingstudentrecords,allowingthemtofocusmoreon27______andmentoringstudents.However,thewidespreaduseofAIineducationalso28______certainchallenges.Onemajorconcernisthe29______ofstudentprivacy.AsAIsystemscollectandanalyzelargeamountsofstudentdata,thereisariskthatthisinformationcouldbe30______ormisused.Anotherchallengeisthe31______ofAItools.Whilesomeuniversitiescan32______advancedAItechnologies,othersmaylacktheresourcestodoso,leadingtoeducational33______.Furthermore,thereisadebateaboutwhetherAIcan34______humanteachers.WhileAIcanhandleroutinetasksefficiently,itlackstheemotional35______andcriticalthinkingabilitiesthathumanteachersbringtotheclassroom.Teachersplayacrucialrolein36______students’creativityandmoralvalues,whichAIcannoteasily37______.Inconclusion,AIisapowerfultoolthatcan38______thequalityofhighereducation,butitshouldbeusedasasupplementtohumanteachingratherthana39______.BystrikingabalancebetweenAIandtraditionalteachingmethods,wecancreateamoreeffectiveand40______learningenvironmentforstudents.21.A.drasticallyB.slightlyC.hardlyD.occasionally22.A.destroyB.provideC.denyD.withdraw23.A.weaknessesB.strengthsC.interestsD.needs24.A.drawbacksB.advantagesC.risksD.challenges25.A.identifyB.ignoreC.repeatD.conceal26.A.takeoverB.giveupC.putoffD.handover27.A.teachingB.researchingC.gradingD.recording28.A.solvesB.avoidsC.presentsD.reduces29.A.protectionB.violationC.importanceD.awareness30.A.sharedB.leakedC.storedD.processed31.A.accessibilityB.complexityC.reliabilityD.durability32.A.affordB.rejectC.resistD.oppose33.A.equalityB.inequalityC.qualityD.quantity34.A.replaceB.assistC.supportD.complement35.A.intelligenceB.detachmentC.connectionD.coldness36.A.suppressingB.fosteringC.limitingD.ignoring37.A.imitateB.understandC.explainD.promote38.A.reduceB.lowerC.improveD.maintain39.A.substituteB.supplementC.partnerD.friend40.A.rigidB.flexibleC.boringD.complicated第三部分阅读理解（每题2分，共24分）Directions:Thereare3passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.Passage1Digitalreadinghasbecomeincreasinglypopularinrecentyears,challengingthedominanceoftraditionalprintreading.Withthewidespreadavailabilityofsmartphones,tablets,ande-readers,moreandmorepeopleareturningtodigitalplatformstoaccessbooks,articles,andotherreadingmaterials.Whiledigitalreadingoffersnumerousadvantages,italsohasitsdrawbackscomparedtotraditionalprintreading.Oneofthemainadvantagesofdigitalreadingisconvenience.Readerscancarrythousandsofbooksinasingledevice,makingiteasytoreadonthego.Digitalbooksarealsooftenmoreaffordablethanprintbooks,andmanyareavailableforfree.Additionally,digitalreadingplatformsofferfeaturessuchasadjustablefontsizes,text-to-speech,andsearchfunctions,whichcanenhancethereadingexperienceforpeoplewithvisualimpairmentsorlearningdifficulties.However,digitalreadingalsohasseveraldisadvantages.Studieshaveshownthatreadingondigitaldevicescanleadtoshorterattentionspansandreducedcomprehension.Theconstantnotificationsanddistractionsfromotherappsondigitaldevicescaninterruptthereadingprocess,makingitharderforreaderstofullyengagewiththetext.Furthermore,prolongeddigitalreadingcancauseeyestrainandotherhealthissues,suchasheadachesandsleepdisturbances.Traditionalprintreading,ontheotherhand,offersamoreimmersiveexperience.Holdingaphysicalbookandturningitspagescancreateadeeperconnectionwiththetext,andprintbooksarefreefromdigitaldistractions.Researchhasalsofoundthatreadersretainmoreinformationwhenreadingprintbookscomparedtodigitalbooks.Additionally,printbooksdonotrequireelectricity,makingthemaccessibleinareaswherepowerislimited.Inconclusion,bothdigitalreadingandtraditionalprintreadinghavetheirownadvantagesanddisadvantages.Thechoicebetweenthemdependsonpersonalpreferencesandreadingneeds.Forcasualreadingonthego,digitalreadingisaconvenientoption.Forin-depthreadingandbettercomprehension,traditionalprintreadingmaybemoresuitable.Ultimately,thegoalshouldbetoencouragereadinginanyform,asbothdigitalandprintreadingcanenrichourknowledgeandbroadenourhorizons.41.Whatisthemainadvantageofdigitalreadingmentionedinthepassage?A.Itismoreimmersivethanprintreading.B.Ithelpsreadersretainmoreinformation.C.Itisconvenientandaffordable.D.Itdoesnotcauseeyestrain.42.Whichofthefollowingisadisadvantageofdigitalreading?A.Itisnotaccessibleinareaswithlimitedpower.B.Itcanleadtoshorterattentionspans.C.Itismoreexpensivethanprintreading.D.Itdoesnotofferadjustablefontsizes.43.Whatistheadvantageoftraditionalprintreadingaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisfreefromdigitaldistractions.B.Itismoreconvenientforon-the-goreading.C.Itofferstext-to-speechfunctions.D.Itiseasiertocarryaround.44.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsdigitalandprintreadingis______.A.criticalofdigitalreadingB.supportiveofprintreadingonlyC.neutralandbalancedD.biasedtowardsdigitalreadingPassage2Creativityisacrucialskillintoday’srapidlychangingworld,andresearchershavelongbeeninterestedinunderstandingwhatmakessomepeoplemorecreativethanothers.Recentstudieshaveshownthatcreativepeopletendtohaveuniquebrainconnectivitypatternsthatsetthemapartfromlesscreativeindividuals.Onekeyfindingisthatcreativepeoplehavestrongerconnectionsbetweendifferentregionsofthebrain.Unlikelesscreativepeople,whooftenhavemorefocusedandspecializedbrainactivity,creativeindividualshavemorewidespreadbrainactivitythatconnectsareasresponsibleformemory,attention,andproblem-solving.Thisincreasedconnectivityallowsthemtomakeunusualconnectionsbetweenseeminglyunrelatedideas,leadingtoinnovativesolutions.Anotherfactorthatcontributestocreativityisopennesstonewexperiences.Creativepeoplearemorelikelytoseekoutnewideas,exploredifferentperspectives,andembracenovelty.Theyarealsomorewillingtotakerisksandtolerateuncertainty,whichareessentialforgeneratingcreativeideas.Additionally,creativepeopleoftenhaveastrongsenseofcuriosityandadesiretolearn,whichdrivesthemtoexplorenewfieldsandchallengeconventionalthinking.Environmentalsoplaysasignificantroleinfosteringcreativity.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplearemorecreativeinenvironmentsthatareflexible,supportive,andfreefromcriticism.Apositiveandencouragingenvironmentallowsindividualstoexpresstheirideasfreelywithoutfearofjudgment,whichcanstimulatecreativethinking.Furthermore,exposuretodiversecultures,ideas,andexperiencescanbroadenone’sperspectiveandinspirecreativeideas.Whilesomepeoplemaybebornwithanaturalinclinationtowardscreativity,itisimportanttonotethatcreativitycanalsobedevelopedandnurtured.Throughpractice,exposuretonewexperiences,andawillingnesstoexperiment,anyonecanenhancetheircreativeabilities.Byunderstandingthefactorsthatcontributetocreativity,wecancreateenvironmentsthatfosterinnovationandhelpindividualsreachtheirfullcreativepotential.45.Whatsetscreativepeopleapartfromlesscreativeindividualsaccordingtorecentstudies?A.Morefocusedbrainactivity.B.Strongerconnectionsbetweendifferentbrainregions.C.Lesswillingnesstotakerisks.D.Alackofcuriosity.46.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofcreativepeople?A.Theyareafraidofuncertainty.B.Theypreferconventionalthinking.C.Theyareopentonewexperiences.D.Theyhavespecializedbrainactivity.Whatroledoesenvironmentplayincreativity?A.Ithasnoimpactoncreativethinking.B.Itcanstimulateorhindercreativity.C.Itdeterminesone’screativepotential.D.Itismoreimportantthannaturalinclination.48.Theauthorbelievesthatcreativity______.A.isanaturaltalentthatcannotbedevelopedB.canbeenhancedthroughpracticeandexposureC.isonlyfoundinasmallnumberofpeopleD.dependssolelyonbrainconnectivityPassage3TheapplicationofAIinhighereducationhassparkedwidespreaddebateaboutitsimpactonteachingandlearning.ProponentsarguethatAIcanrevolutionizeeducationbyprovidingpersonalizedlearningexperiences,improvingteachingefficiency,andexpandingaccesstoeducation.Opponents,however,expressconcernsaboutthepotentialrisks,includingthelossofhumaninteraction,theerosionofcriticalthinkingskills,andthewideningofeducationalinequality.OneofthemainbenefitsofAIinhighereducationisitsabilitytodeliverpersonalizedlearning.AI-poweredlearningplatformscananalyzestudentdatatoidentifyindividuallearningneedsandpreferences,andthentailorlearningmaterialsandactivitiestomeetthoseneeds.Thispersonalizedapproachcanhelpstudentslearnattheirownpace,focusonareaswheretheyneedimprovement,andachievebetterlearningoutcomes.Additionally,AIcanautomateroutinetaskssuchasgrading,allowingteacherstospendmoretimeonteachingandmentoringstudents.AnotheradvantageofAIineducationisitsabilitytoexpandaccesstoeducation.AI-poweredonlinecoursesandlearningplatformscanreachstudentsinremoteareaswhomaynothaveaccesstotraditionaluniversities.Thiscanhelpbridgetheeducationalgapbetweenurbanandruralareasandprovidemorepeoplewiththeopportunitytopursuehighereducation.Furthermore,AIcanprovidesupporttostudentswithdisabilities,suchastext-to-speechtoolsforvisuallyimpairedstudentsandlanguagetranslationtoolsfornon-nativespeakers.However,opponentsarguethatAIcannotreplacehumanteachers.Humanteachersplayacrucialroleinfosteringcriticalthinking,creativity,andemotionaldevelopmentinstudents.AIsystemslacktheabilitytounderstandandrespondtostudents’emotionalneeds,andtheycannotprovidethesamelevelofpersonalizedfeedbackandguidanceashumanteachers.Additionally,thereisariskthatover-relianceonAIcouldleadtoadeclineinstudents’criticalthinkingskills,asAImayprovideready-madeanswersinsteadofencouragingstudentstothinkindependently.Furthermore,thewidespreaduseofAIineducationcouldwideneducationalinequality.NotalluniversitiesandstudentshaveaccesstoadvancedAItechnologies,whichcouldcreateagapbetweenthosewhocanaffordAI-powerededucationandthosewhocannot.Additionally,thereisariskthatAIsystemscouldperpetuatebias,astheyaretrainedondatathatmaycontainhistoricalbiases.Inconclusion,AIhasthepotentialtotransformhighereducation,butitisimportanttoapproachitsimplementationwithcaution.ByaddressingthepotentialrisksandensuringthatAIisusedasasupplementtohumanteachingratherthanareplacement,wecanharnessthepowerofAItoimprovethequalityandaccessibilityofhighereducation.49.WhatdoproponentsofAIinhighereducationargue?A.AIcanreplacehumanteacherscompletely.B.AIcanprovidepersonalizedlearningandimproveefficiency.C.AIwillwideneducationalinequality.D.AIwillerodecriticalthinkingskills.50.HowcanAIexpandaccesstoeducation?A.Byprovidingfreeeducationtoallstudents.B.Byreachingstudentsinremoteareasthroughonlineplatforms.C.Byeliminatingtheneedfortraditionaluniversities.D.Byprovidingready-madeanswerstostudents.51.WhatisaconcernofopponentsofAIinhighereducation?A.AIcannotprovidepersonalizedlearning.B.AIwillreducethenumberofteachingjobs.C.AIlackstheabilitytoaddressstudents’emotionalneeds.D.AIistooexpensiveformostuniversities.52.Whatistheauthor’sconclusionaboutAIinhighereducation?A.AIshouldbeabandonedinhighereducation.B.AIshouldbeusedtoreplacehumanteachers.C.AIshouldbeusedcautiouslyasasupplementtohumanteaching.D.AIwillinevitablywideneducationalinequality.第四部分英译汉（共16分）Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Payattentiontotheaccuracyandfluencyofthetranslation.Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencehasbroughtprofoundchangestovariousfields,includinghighereducation.AI-poweredtoolshavebeenwidelyusedinteaching,learning,andresearch,offeringnewpossibilitiesforimprovingeducationalqualityandefficiency.However,theintegrationofAIintohighereducationalsoraisesimportantethicalandpracticalquestions.HowtobalancetheuseofAIwithhumanteaching,howtoprotectstudentprivacy,andhowtoensurethatAIdoesnotexacerbateeducationalinequalityareissuesthatneedtobecarefullyaddressed.Inaddition,AIhasthepotentialtotransformthewayweconductresearch.Byanalyzinglargeamountsofdata,AIcanhelpresearchersidentifypatternsandtrendsthatwouldbedifficulttodetectmanually,acceleratingthepaceofscientificdiscovery.However,researchersmustalsobecautiousaboutthereliabilityofAI-generatedresultsandensurethattheirresearchisbasedonsoundscientificprinciples.Ultimately,thegoalofintegratingAIintohighereducationandresearchistoenhancehumancapabilities,nottoreplacehumanintelligence.第五部分写作（共20分）Directions:Writeanessayofabout250wordsonthefollowingtopic.Youressayshouldhaveaclearthesisstatement,logicalarguments,andappropriateexamples.Topic:TheRoleofAIinHigherEducation第六部分听说测试（共20分，参考内容）一、听力理解（10分）：听2段对话和1段独白，每段材料后有5个问题，根据听到的内容选择最佳答案（语速适中，难度相当于大学英语六级听力）。二、口语表达（10分）：1.自我介绍（3分钟），内容包括个人背景、科研经历、报考动机等；2.话题讨论（7分钟），围绕“AI对博士科研的影响”展开，要求表达清晰、逻辑连贯，能结合自身情况发表观点。2026年北京理工大学博士英语真题答案第一部分词汇与语法（20分）1.A2.A3.C4.A5.B6.D7.A8.A9.B10.A11.B12.A13.A14.A15.A16.B17.A18.A19.B20.A【解析】重点考查学术英语高频词汇及语法应用，贴合北理考博英语词汇难度（四六级基础，侧重学术场景），如enhance、verify、inherent等均为博士英语核心词汇，语法侧重时态、固定搭配及逻辑衔接。第二部分完形填空（20分）21.A22.B23.D24.B25.A26.A27.A28.C29.B30.B31.A32.A33.B34.A35.C36.B37.A38.C39.A40.B【解析】本文围绕AI在高等教育中的应用展开，贴合北理考博英语完形填空“学术热点+逻辑连贯”的命题特点，重点考查词汇辨析、固定搭配及上下文逻辑，如takeover（承担）、presentchallenges（带来挑战）等短语为学术英语常用表达。第三部分阅读理解（24分）Passage1：41.C42.B43.A44.CPassage2：45.B46.C47.B48.BPassage3：49.B50.B51.C52.C【解析】三篇阅读均贴合北理考博英语阅读命题趋势，主题分别为数字化阅读、创造力、AI与高等教育（学术热点