2026届上海市浦东新区高考（二模）英语练习

高三教学资源包高三英语练习（练习时间：105分钟满分：115分）I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Temperaturesarewarmingupwithdaysgettinglonger,sowethrowoffourcoatsandbootsandspendtimeoutsidetakinginthesun’swarmth.Thosesignsofspringalsosignaltomanythatit’stimetoconductathoroughcleaningintheirhouse,atraditionwithroots____1____(date)backtoancienttimes,symbolizingthetransitionfromthehibernating(冬眠)winterseasontothedynamicgrowthofspring.“Wesweepthefloorandpolishthesurface,and____2____theseactionsrepresentisthatwearehonoringatraditionwhichunitesuswithpastgenerations,”saysMarenVoss,adirectorattheMuseumoftheHomeinLondon.Springcleaningactuallyarisesfromvariouscultures.InChineseculture,itiscustomaryjustbeforeNewYear’sDay____3____(tidy)upone’shomesothatgoodfortunewillarrive.InWesternculture,springcleaningalsohasapracticalhistory.Inthepast,homes____4____(heat)withwoodorcoal.Andoillampslithomes____5____electricitywaswidelyused,sodirtbuiltuponsurfaces.Herecamespringcleaning.However,springcleaningmayhavemoretodowithbiology.Somestudiessuggestmoresunlightincreasesourwakefulnessbecauseweproducelessmelatonin,achemicalthatmakesussleepy.Melatonincausesustobecome____6____(willing)torefreshourspace.Whentheseasonsstarttoshift,feelingsofdullnessreduce,andweregainenergyandfeel____7____(motivate)todeepcleanourlivingenvironments.Studieshaveshownthatcleaninghasahealingeffect,asseenbythenewgenerationof“cleanfluencers”____8____aretakingsocialmediabystorm.Millionsofpeoplewatchthemcleandirtyhomesandsharecleaningtips.Whatstarts____9____asimplevideowatchoftenendswithviewerstacklingtheirownhouseholdchores.Ifyouhaven’tvisitedthegymlately,_____10_____(start)yourworkoutathomebywashingwindowsandfloors.Sopickaroom,grabsomecleaningsuppliesandbegin.Makeyourlivingspaceasfreshasspring.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.balanceB.breathingC.expandingD.figureE.labeledF.meetingG.precisionH.skilledI.transitionJ.unexpectedK.unfoldedChina’sfirstrobotPekingOperahasdrawnattentionforitscostumes,classicpieces,andtheteam-upbetweenafullymade-uprobotandahumanperformer.VideosfromthefirstshowofFarewellMyConcubine(《霸王别姬》)show“Scholar01,”China’sfirstrobotdoctoralstudent,steppingonstage.Dressedasthehistorical____11____XiangYu,therobotmoves,raisesitsarms,andshiftsitseyestothebeatofmusic,performingalongsideWuXiaofeng,aPekingOperamajor.Thosevideostriggeredwidespreaddiscussion.Forsomeaudience,theperformancewas“fulloffuturisticcharm,”aninventive____12____oftraditionaloperaandcutting-edgetechnology.Othersquestionedwhetheramachine,however____13____,couldtrulybelongonastageforwhichhumanperformershavespenttheirwholelivestraining.Yetwhat____14____onstagetouchedsomethingdeeperthanthenoveltyofarobotinfacepaint.Theinteractionofhumanbreathandmachinecodesuggesteda(n)____15____possibility:Thattechnologymightextendbeyondthelanguagesoftraditionaloperas.Therobot’s____16____addedastrangeclaritytotheuniquemovementsthathavedefinedPekingOperaforcenturies.WenMu,thedirectoroftheperformance,stateditaimedtoofferaglimpseofwhatadata-driveninterpretationoftheformcouldlooklike.Onethatcanberepeated,fine-tunedandbuiltuponinwaysnohumanbodywouldtolerate.Andbeyondthemechanics,theintegrationofroboticsandPekingOperais____17____newlifeintotheancientart,drawinginyoungsters.Aftertheperformance,teenagerswhohadneverwatchedafulltraditionaloperasuddenlyfoundthemselvesdiscussingface-paintingstyles.Whateveronemakesoftheaesthetics(审美),itisclearthattheproductionsucceededin____18____theconversationaroundPekingOpera.ArobotdressedasXiangYudoesofferyoungerandglobalaudiencesanaccessibledoorwayintoadense,centuries-oldtradition.Foraculturalformthatissooften____19____“toodistant,”thisisnosmallachievement.AndperhapsthatiswheretheShanghaiexperimentlandsmostthoughtfullyasareminderthatthefutureofanancientartdependsonhowcarefullyitsdevotedprotectors____20____progressandpreservation.Roboticscanenrichthestage,butitshouldnotreplacethehumaninstinctandemotionalintelligenceonwhichPekingOpera’ssurvivaldepends.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.LettingkidsrunwildoutsideAgroupofchildrenisattemptingtomovealargestickintoplace,discussingwhereitshouldgo.Anotherchildkneelsbesideapuddle(水坑),drawingatreasuremapinthemud.Whatis____21____inthisscene?Therearenoparentsstandingcloseby,tellingthemto“becareful”.Thiskindof____22____adventure—whatsocialmediahascalled“unstructuredchildsummer”—isgainingattention.Astudyfoundchildrenspend35percentlesstimeplayingoutdoorsthantheirparentsdid.Scientistssaythe____23____mattersbecausenatureplayisgoodforexecutivefunction,emotionalregulationandmore.Lettingchildrenspendtheirdaysinwildspacesmaylooksimple,buttothebrain,thesemomentsarea____24____.“Ourresearchshowschildrenallowedtoparticipateinoutdoorplaybecomemoreindependentandself-sufficient,”saysMarthaThorne,aprofessoratQueenMaudUniversityCollege.Sheadds____25____playislinkedtohigherphysicalandmentalwell-being,andchildrenwhotakephysicalrisksoftenbecomebetteratjudgingotherkinds.Thornenotesthiskindofplayoften____26____a“flowstate,”asweetspotwherechallengesareengagingbutnotoverwhelming.Inthisstate,learningpotentialisatitspeak.Shealsonotesnatureplayisoftenmore____27____thanplaygroundinteractionsbecauseitleadstogroupprojects.____28____inevitablyarise,butkidshavestrongermotivationtoworkthemout,buildingskillsthatservethemwellthroughoutlife.Itiswidelyclaimedthatsportsandotherindooractivitieshavetheirbenefits,but____29____themexclusivelymeanskidsaren’tdevelopingexecutivefunctionskillsindependently.Withoutpracticenavigatingtroubleornovelsituationsontheirown,teensandyoungadultsmay____30____whenreallifedoesn’tfollowapattern.It’susuallyeasiertobuildtheseskillsearly,whenbrainsaremost____31____.“Theearlyyearsarereallyformativeyearsforfeelingcomfortableandcapableinnature.”Still,Thorneemphasizes____32____overage.Shesays,“Achildshoulddevelopattheirownpaceandovercomechallengesstep-by-stepbecausethentheylearnhowto____33____risksandhandlethemwithintheirlevel.”Ourexperienceswithnatureinchildhoodhavethepotentialforalifelongimpact.Areviewofschool-ledgreenspaceprogramsfound____34____improvementstostudents’moodandpeerconnection.____35____,playingwithnatureisn’tjustgoodforchildren.It’sgoodforthebalanceofnature.Peoplewhospendtimeinnatureaschildrenaremorelikelytocareforitasadults.21.A.confusing B.alarming C.missing D.disappointing22.A.cautious B.independent C.exclusive D.lonely23.A.return B.progress C.structure D.trend24.A.naturalbreak B.mysteriousworld C.complexnetwork D.trainingground25.A.aimless B.adventurous C.conventional D.demanding26.A.generates B.affects C.requires D.predicts27.A.subjective B.available C.cooperative D.fundamental28.A.Interruptions B.Conflicts C.Solutions D.Details29.A.gettingthrough B.identifyingwith C.longingfor D.relyingon30.A.adapt B.struggle C.regret D.persevere31.A.passive B.receptive C.selective D.objective32.A.speed B.rule C.ability D.nature33.A.escape B.share C.overlook D.weigh34.A.rushed B.sustained C.targeted D.limited35.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.However D.OtherwiseSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)WhenIwasabouttostartmyPh.D.studies,Iwasfullofexcitement,nursingafirmbelief:Iwouldbecomeascientist.Onthefirstday,Iimmediatelyfeltoutofplace.ThelaboratorywasfullofshinyinstrumentsIhadonlyeverseenintextbooks.MyteacherhandedmeatubeandaskedmetosetupareactionIhadneverdonebefore.Istayedinthelabuntilmidnight,afraidofbeingleftbehind.Mostofall,Iwashithardbythelanguagebarrier.Iwasusedtoclassestaughtinmymothertongue,buthere,everyonespokeEnglish.Afterthepresentationthatleftmeredintheface,justasIwasconsideringleavingscience,aseniorlabmemberpulledmeaside.“YouarenotherebecauseofyourEnglish,”heremindedme.“Youcameherebecauseyoucanthink.”Hissimplewordsgavemethecouragetocontinue.Icarriedataperecordertoeveryclass,replayingpresentationstofillgaps.MyEnglishprogresswasslowbutsteady.BythetimeIdefendedmyPh.D.,Icouldexpressmyideasclearly,andIhadcometoseemyaccentnotasabarrier,butasapartofmyidentitythatIwasproudof.Myconfidencehadskyrocketed.AftercontinuingtraininginCanadaandtheUS,Ireturnedtomyhomelandtorunmyownlab.Iassumedmystudentswouldn’tsufferfromthelanguagebarrierasIhad.ButgraduallyIsawtheyfacedwiththesamedoubts—anxietyaboutcareer,confusionaboutidentity.Irealizedmyjobwastoteachthemtothinkcriticallyand,mostofall,givethemconfidencetosucceedinscienceandinlife.Oneafternoon,Isawastudentwrestlingwithvarioussamples,herglovedhandscarefullylabelingtubeaftertube,justlikemineusedto.Rememberingmyfrustrationandwhatmylabpartneroncetoldme,Isaid,“Youarenotherebecause38.Youareherebecauseyoucanthink.”Hersmiletoldmeshewasinspiredbythesewords.Today,whatIvaluemostinmyjobisthetransformationIseeinthestudentswhoarrivenervousbutleaveconfidentenoughtochallengeme,theirprofessor.EverytimeIwalkintotheclassroom,Iseeayoungerversionofmyself,andrememberthebridgeIhadtocrosstogetwhereIamtoday.Forme,helpingotherscrossthatbridgeisthetruerewardofscientificlife.36.TheunderlinedphraseoutofplaceinPara.2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.indifferent B.amazed C.relieved D.incompetent37.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheauthor’sexperienceasaPh.D.?A.Shehadtogiveupduetolanguageandacademicpressure.B.Sheeventuallygainedconfidencetoexpressherselfclearly.C.Shewastheonlynon-nativeEnglishspeakerinherlaboratory.D.Sheacceptedmorehelpfromherteacherthanfromherlabmates.38.Whichofthefollowingsentencesbestfitstheblank38inPara.5?A.yourEnglishisperfect B.youuseshinyinstrumentsC.youwashtubescarefully D.yourexperimentsalwayswork39.Whatmoraldoestheauthorwanttoconveythroughthestory?A.Languagebarriersarethebiggestchallengeinscientificresearch.B.Returningtoone’shomelandisthefundamentalgoalforscientists.C.Ascientist’struerewardliesinbuildingthenextgeneration’sconfidence.D.Hardworkanddeterminationareessentialforasuccessfulscientificcareer.(B)40.WhichofthefollowingisincludedintheLifeBookservice?A.Aguaranteedminimumof200pagesperbook.B.Acompleteaudiorecordingofyourlifestories.C.A20-hourin-personinteractionstogatheryourstories.D.Afamilyjourneyfeaturinginterest-freepaymentplans.41.WhoismostlikelytobeinterestedinLifeBook’sservice?A.Auniversitystudentstudyingwritingskills.B.Aprofessionalwriterseekingapublisherforanovel.C.Acompanyplanningtopublishabookaboutitshistory.D.Apersonhopingtorecordlifeexperiencesforgrandchildren.42.Whatisthetoneofthispassage?A.Formalandserious. B.Criticalandwarning.C.Persuasiveandwarm. D.Humorousandcasual.(C)Understandingasimple-lookingsentencesuchas“Ireadthisarticle”actuallyrequiressomecomplicatedconceptualcomputation.Butthehumanbrainroutinelydoesthisworknearlyimmediatelybasedonthelanguage’sgrammaticalrules,sayslinguist(语言学家)ClaraBeckettintheNetherlands.AndBeckett’steamhasnowfoundthatthehumanbrainaccommodatesfundamentalgrammaticaldifferencesacrosslanguagesbyadjustinghowitprocesseseachsentence.ForarecentstudyinPLOSBiology,theresearchersobservedvariationsinDutch-speakingparticipants’brainwaveswhiletheylistenedtoaDutch-languageaudiobook.Tovisualizethesechanges,thescientistsquantifyhowmanynew“predictions”thebrainmakesofwordsthatcouldcomenextinasentence.Thisframeworkwasthentestedagainstthreedifferentparsingstrategies,orlinguisticmodelsthatillustratehowthebrainbuildsinformationovertime.PreviousEnglish-basedstudieswithasimilarsetupconcludedinfavorofamodelwherelisteners“waitandsee”howeachphraseinasentencewillendbeforeinterpretingit.ButtheDutchspeakersinBeckett’sstudyleanedstronglytowardahighlypredictivemodel;participantstendedtofinisheachphraseintheirheadbeforeitwascomplete.(Athirdmodel,inwhichlistenerswaittohearallthephrasesinasentencebeforeinterpretinganypartofit,isseldomusedineitherlanguage.)InDutchlanguagestructure,verbscomeneartheendofasentenceratherthanimmediatelyafterthesubjectliketheydoinEnglish,explainsstudyleadauthorLindeninNewYorkUniversity.Forinstance,“‘Iateacookiewithchocolate’inDutchwouldbe‘Ithecookiewithchocolateate.’Youwouldhavetowaitverylongfortheverbtocome,”Lindensays.“Andthat’sprobablyunrealisticallylate;you’reprobablymuchmorepredictiveinprocessing”thesentence.Neitherparsingstrategyisnecessarily“betterorworse”thantheother,Lindenadds.“Itjusthappenstobesuitedtothelanguagepeopleareprocessing.Soweseemtobequiteflexibleinthatyoumightprocessonelanguagedifferentlyfromanothersimplybecausetheyhavedifferentproperties.”Thefindingssupporttheneedforscientiststoincorporatemorediversitywhencraftinglinguisticmodels,saysZiningQiu,alinguistwhowasnotinvolvedinthenewstudy.HerownworkhasillustratedhowdifferentbrainregionsactivatewhenprocessingEnglishorChinesesentencesbecauseoftheirdifferinglinguisticproperties.IfthesestudiesaredoneonlyinEnglish-speakingadults,shesays,crucialdifferencesinprocessingwillbemissed.Qiumaintainsthatthislimitationdefeatsthepurposeofthemodels,whicharemeanttoprovidearealisticpictureofhumanlanguage-basedthinking.Diversifyingsubjectsinstudiesofhowthebrainprocesseslanguage“isgoingtohelpuscapturehowthebrainisunderstandingthestructuredmeaningoflanguage,andthesocialutilityoflanguage,inmanydifferentways,”Beckettsays.“There’ssomuchyettobeunderstoodinthebrain.”43.Whichofthefollowingsituationsbestshowstheresultofconceptualcomputation(Para.1)?A.Achildrepeats“kangaroo”afterhearingitfromhermother.B.Alistenerinstantlyknowswhodidwhatin“Dadmadepizza”.C.Astudenttakesnotestobreakdownacomplicatedargument.D.Aprocessortotalsthenumberofwordsinasentenceinnotime.44.ThelinguisticmodelinDutchishighlypredictivebecause_______.A.Dutchverbsarrivelate,forcingthebraintopredictearlyB.Dutch-languageaudiobookshelpvisualizethemeaningC.DutchspeakersusevariousmodelstoanalyzesentencesD.Dutchlisteners“waitandsee”howeachphrasewillend45.ZiningQiuwouldmostlikelyagreethat_______.A.English-basedstudieshavehugescientificvalueB.existinglinguisticmodelsmaynotapplyuniversallyC.onlynon-EnglishlanguagesdeservefurtherinvestigationD.findingsfromDutchspeakerscontradictpreviousresearch46.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Europeangrammarrules B.UnderstandingthebrainC.ComparingDutchandEnglish D.LanguageonthemindSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.ThePowerofPebblingEveryday,despiteourdemandingroles,weexchangesmalldigitalclipsandemojis.Thesearemeaningfulsignalsthatkeepusconnected,awayofsaying,“I’mthinkingofyou.”Inmanyways,thisisournewfoundpracticethatkeepsusconnectedwhenlifepullsusindifferentdirections.____47____InspiredbyGentoopenguins(巴布亚企鹅)whoofferpebblestomates,pebblinginhumanrelationshipsinvolvessmall,thoughtfulgesturesthatshowsomeoneisonourmind.Inadigitalage,thismeanssharingvideos,orarticlesthatmirrorourinnercircles,servingasamodernlovelanguagethatnarrowsemotionalandphysicaldistance.Technologycanbearegenerativeforceforconnection,thoughpeopleremaindoubtfulaboutitsroleinhumanrelationships.____48____Whiletheremaybesometruthtotheseconcerns,it’salsoimportanttodetailhowtechnologycanenhanceourrelationships.Forthosewhoareinterestedinlessstraightwaysofknowing,theattemptsfordigitalconnectioncanremindusthatrelationshipsarenotalwaysdefinedbybeingphysicallycloseorresponsive.____49____Forthosewhofindtraditionalformsofcommunicationchallenging,pebblingcanbeastrongalternativeforexpressingaffectionandmaintainingclosenesswithoutthepressureofsustainedconversation.Traditionalexpressionsofaffectionmaynotfeelgenuine,butpebblingcanallowforrelationaldevelopmentthroughdigitalactions.Inourfast-pacedworld,it’stemptingtodismissthesedigitalconnections.Yet,bynoticinghowpeoplecreatenewformsofrelationships,wecanenrichourunderstanding.Screentimeshouldnotbeseenonlyasanenemyofconnection.____50____Ifthatisthecase,thenourworkistokeepsearchingandlearningfromhowpeopleadaptasrelationshipskeepevolving.A.Criticsarguethatscreenshavereplacedface-to-faceconversationsandthatsocialmediaoftencreatesshallowconnections.B.Infact,pebblingcanserveasagentlebridgeforthosewhoarenotusedtoconventionalcloseness.C.Itiseasytooverlookpebblingasanespeciallyvaluableformofcommunicationforsociablepeople.D.It’snotsurprisingthatthispracticehasearnedaname:Pebbling.E.Rather,itcanbeanewpathtobuildingandmaintainingcloserelationships.F.Whentransferredtohumanrelationships,thispracticeinvolvestiny,considerategestures.III.SummaryWriting51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheSecretofBellyFat(腹部脂肪)Bellyfatreferstotheunnecessaryfatstoreddeepinthebellyaroundtheinternalorgans.Ithaslongbeenthoughttobeparticularlybadforyourheart,increasingtheriskofhighbloodpressure.However,recentscientificstudiesarecastingnewlightonitsmorecomplexfunctions.Alarge-scalestudypublishedinNeurologyhasfoundthatpeoplewithmorebellyfattendtohavelessgraymatterintheirbrains.Sincegraymatterhelpswiththinkingandmemory,thisreductioninsizemeanstoomuchbellyfatcouldleadtomemoryproblemslaterinlife.Scientistsbelievebellyfatmayharmthebrainbyproducingharmfulsubstancesthatcausegraymattertodecreaseandgraduallydamagethebrainovertime.However,notallbellyfatisharmful.EmergingresearchfromtheKarolinskaInstituterevealsthatthereareseveraltypesofbellyfat,andsomecanactuallyhelpyourbody.Forexample,fatlocatednearyourintestine(肠子)containsmanydefensecellsthathelpfightdiseases.Thisfatactslikeanorganthattalkstoyourbody’sdefensenetwork.Furthermore,otherstudiesdistinguishbetweendifferenttypesoffatcell.Unlikewhitefatthatstoresenergy,brownandlightyellow-brownfatburncaloriestoproduceheatandcanhelplowerbloodpressure,whichmeanssomebellyfatcanprotectyourheartandimproveyourhealth.Thus,bellyfatrepresentsabiologicalmystery:whiletoomuchfatleadstodisease,certainfattissuesplayprotectiverolesinfightingillnessandprocessingenergy.Thistwo-sidedfactemphasizesthathealthdependsnotjustonfatquantity,butonitstypeandfunction.Maintainingabalanceddiet,engaginginregularphysicalactivity,andmanagingstresseffectivelycanhelpcontrolharmfulbellyfatwhilepromotingthebeneficialforms,contributingtooverallwell-being.___