2025北京二十中高一3月月考英语试题及答案

高中2025北京二十中高一3月月考英语（时间：90分钟满分：100分）2025.3.19班级姓名第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。DaleCarnegierosefromtheunknownofaMissourifarmtointernationalfamebecausehefoundawaytofillauniversalhumanneed.Itwasaneedthathefirst1backin1906whenyoungDalewasajunioratStateTeachersCollegeinWarrensburg.Togetan2,hewasstrugglingagainstmanyobstacles.Hisfamilywaspoor.HisDadcouldn’taffordtheboardatcollege,soDalehadtoridehorseback12milestoattendclasses.Studyhadtobedone3hisfarm-workroutines.Hewithdrewfrommanyschoolactivitiesbecausehedidn’thavethetimeortheclothes.Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.Hetriedforthefootballteam,butthecoachturnedhimdownforbeingtoolight.DuringthisperiodDalewasslowly4aninferioritycomplex(自卑感),whichhismotherknewcouldpreventhimfromachievinghisrealpotential.She5thatDalejointhedebatingteam,believingthat6inspeakingcouldgivehimtheconfidenceandrecognitionthatheneeded.Daletookhismother’sadvice,trieddesperatelyandafterseveralattempts7madeit.Thisprovedtobea8pointinhislife.Speakingbeforegroupsdidhelphimgaintheconfidenceheneeded.BythetimeDalewasasenior,hehadwoneverytophonorin9.Nowotherstudentswerecomingtohimforcoachingandthey,inturn,werewinningcontests.Outofthisearlystruggleto10hisfeelingsofinferiority,Dalecametounderstandthattheabilitytoexpressanideatoanaudiencebuildsaperson’sconfidence.And,throughit,Daleknewhecoulddoanythinghewantedtodo,andsocouldothers.1.A.admitted B.filled C.recognized D.supplied2.A.assignment B.instruction C.advantage D.education3.A.during B.between C.over D.through4.A.gaining B.achieving C.obtaining D.developing5.A.demanded B.suggested C.inspected D.insisted6.A.practice B.presence C.passion D.potential7.A.hopefully B.immediately C.naturally D.finally8.A.key B.breaking C.turning D.basic9.A.speech B.football C.horse-riding D.farming10.A.overcome B.convey C.approach D.possess第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ABasketballheroKobeBryant’sdeathhasdrawnanoutpouringofshockand____11____(sad)acrossChina.BasketballfansinChinaarenowsadafterlearningthattheformerLosAngelesLakers’18-timeNBAAllStarhaddiedattheageof41inahelicoptercrash____12____SundayinCalifornia.Bryantwasamongninepeopleonboard,includinghis13-year-olddaughterGianna,____13____alldiedinthedisasterthatoccurredintheheavyfog.B2015wastheyear____14____TuYouyou’steamfoundmalariatreatment.Sheisrenownedfordiscoveringartemisinin,____15____iswidelyusedinmalaria-endemicregions.Today,thediscoveryisrecognizedasamilestoneinmedicalhistory,particularlybecauseinhercureformalaria,traditionalapproaches____16____(combine)creativelywithmodernscience.Herperseveranceinchallengingenvironmentsshowsherdedicationtoscientificprogress.CAmundsenwasthefirst____17____(leave)on8September,1911.Hehadteamsofdogspullingthesledgesandallhismenwereonskis.Becauseofthis,hemaderapidprogress.Scottlefton1Novemberandsoonhadproblems.First,histwosledges____18____(break)downandthenthehorsesbegantohaveserious____19____(difficult)withthesnowandthecold.Afterawhile,Scottandhismenhadtopushthesledges____20____(they).第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AStoriesBehindFamousCompanyNamesInventorCalebBradhamhadoriginallywantedtobeadoctorbutstartedworkinginapharmacywhenhereturnedhometoNorthCarolina.In1893,hemadeupwhathefirstcalled“Brad’sDrink,”amixofwater,sugar,caramel,lemonoil,nutmeg,andotherflavors.Fiveyearslater,herenameditPepsi-Cola.Heclaimedthedrinkcouldhelpwithdigestion(消化),ordyspepsia,thetermfromwhichBradhamadaptedthenamePepsi.ThisluxurycarmakercombinedelementsfromtheFordandOldsmobilecompanieswhenitwasstartedin1902andlaterbecameknownforitsinnovationandhighquality.ThecompanywasnamedaftertheFrenchexplorerAntoineLaumetdelaMotheCadillac,whofoundedthecityofDetroitin1701.Companyco-founderGordonBowkerhassaidthatwhilebrainstormingnames,someonebroughtoutamapthatfeaturedtheoldminingtownofStarbo.ThatmayhaveledhimtothinkofStarbuck,thefirstmateinHermanMelville’sfamousnovel,MobyDick.Notonlythecompanynamebutalsotheoriginofitslogohasarousedgreatcuriosity.TheinventorofRolex,HansWilsdorf,waslookingtomakeanelegant,yetprecise,wristwatch.Hewantedanamethatwaseasytosay,workedindifferentlanguages,andlookedgoodonthewatches.HesettledonRolexin1908.21.Whichcompanynamehasacloserelationshipwithliterature?A.Pepsi B.Cadillac C.Starbucks D.Rolex22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrue?A.CalebBradhamaimedtocuredyspepsiawithPepsi.B.HansWilsdorfintendedRolextobeuniversallyaccepted.C.Cadillacwasnamedafterthefoundingfatherofthecompany.D.Starbuckswasusedduetotheco-founder’sloveforhishometown.23.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat_______.A.afamouscompanynameiseasytospellB.aspecialstorycanmakeacompanyfamousC.acompanynameusuallyhasaspecialmeaninginitD.acompanynameisrelatedtothefounder’sprofessionBThislittleSouthAmericanMagellanicpenguinswims5,000miles,toabeachinBrazil,everyyearinordertobereunitedwiththemanwhosaveditslife.Itsoundslikesomethingoutofafairytale,butit’strue!71-year-oldretiredbrickworkerJoao,wholivesinanislandvillagejustoutsideRiodeJaneiro,Brazil,foundthesmallMagellanicpenguinlyingonrocksathislocalbeachin2011.Thepenguinwascoveredinoilandrunningoutoftimefast.Joaorescuedthepenguin,namingitDin,cleanedtheoiloffitsfeathersandfedhimadailydietoffishtorebuilditsstrength.Afteraweekofrecovery,Joaoattemptedtoreleasethepenguinbackintothewild.However,Dinhadalreadyformedafamilybondwithhisrescuerandwouldn’tleave.“Hestayedwithmefor11monthsandthen,justafterhechangedhiscoatwithnewfeathers,hedisappeared,”Joaorecalls.“Ilovethepenguinlikeit’smyownchildandIbelievethepenguinlovesme,”JoaotoldGloboTV.“Nooneelseisallowedtotouchhim.Hepecks(啄)themiftheydo.Heliesonmylap,letsmegivehimshowers,andallowsmetofeedhim.”ProfessorKrajewski,abiologistwhointerviewedthefishermanforGloboTV,toldTheIndependent:“Ihaveneverseenanythinglikethisbefore.IthinkthepenguinbelievesJoaoispartofhisfamilyandprobablyapenguinaswell.”However,environmentalistswarnthat,whilehundredsoftheMagellanicspeciesareknowntonaturallymigrate(迁徙)thousandsofmilesnorthinsearchoffood,therehasbeenaworryingriseinthephenomenonofoceaniccreatureswashinguponBrazil’sbeaches.ProfessorDavidZeefromRiodeJaneiro’sStateUniversity,saidtheincreaseisdueinparttoglobalclimaticchanges.ProfessorZeeaddedthatseaanimalsfaceincreaseddangerfromleakedtankeroil.LuckilytheendingforJoaoandDinhasbeenahappyone,eventhoughitisillegalinBraziltokeepwildanimalsaspets.ProfessorKrajewskisaid,“Professionalswhoworkwithanimalstrytoavoidrelationshipslikethisoccurringsotheyareabletoreintroducetheanimalintothewild.ButinthissinglecasetheauthoritiesallowedDintostaywithJoaobecauseofhiskindness.”EveryyearDinswimsalongdistancetoabeachinBrazilto_______.A.avoidbeingkilled B.meethisrescuerC.escapefromoceancurrents D.findmuchmorefish25.WhenDinwasfoundin2011,_______.A.hewasdying B.hewasrunningonthebeachC.hewasrestingonarock D.hewascleaningoiloffhisfeathers26.WhatcanwelearnaboutJoaofromthepassage?A.Heisnotallowedtokeepthepenguinasapetbytheauthorities.B.Heoverprotectsthepenguinbykeepinghimawayfromothers.C.Hiscontactwiththepenguinisencouragedbyprofessionals.D.Hiskindnesswinsthepenguin’strust.27.Thestoryinthepassagemainlyshows_______.A.theenvironmentalimpactonwildlifeB.thelovebetweenhumansandwildlifeC.thetendencyofwildlifetobondwithhumansD.theprotectionofthreatenedwildlifebymankindCIn2012,JamesCameron,creatorofAvatarandTitanic,becamethefirstpersontoreachtheChallengerDeep.WhenhearrivedatthedeepestspotonEarthat7milesbelowsealevel,hespenthoursmappingtheregionandtakingphotosandsamples.“Ashumanbeings,we’redrawntoabsolutes—thedeepest,thehighest,thecoldest,thefarthest,”hesays.“Andasastorytellerandcuriousmonkey,Ijustwantedtoseewhatwasthere.”Theanswerisobvious—plasticandmore.“Ourso-calledcivilizationisusingtheoceanasitstoilet,”Cameronsays.“Unlessthischanges,oceanecosystemsaregoingtocontinuetheirrapidcollapse.”Despitedecadesofenvironmentalstudies,theimpactofplasticandotherformsofpollutiononoceansarenotentirelyunderstood.Initialstudiesappeartoindicatethatingesting(摄取)them—eitherdirectlyorindirectly—couldcausedisease.Plasticscanalsoreleasepoisonoussubstancesintothewater,whichcouldpotentiallyimpactanimalpopulations.Butplasticisjustoneoftheproblemsfacingoceansthathaveyettobefullyunderstood.“Plasticwasteintheoceanishorrifyingbutisonlythemostobviousofourmanydeadlywastestreams,whichincludecarbonthat’sheatingtheatmosphereandmakingtheoceanacidic,andtherun-offnutrientsfromalltheworld’sagriculture,whichiscausinganoxic(缺氧的)deadzonesthesizeofcountries,”Cameronsays.Oceans,liketherestoftheworld,areimpactedbytheburningoffossilfuelsandthereleaseofgreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxide—about30percentofwhichisabsorbedbythesea.Thisabsorptioncausesoceanacidification,wherethepHlevelisalteredtobecomemoreacidic.Asaresult,it’sharderforsomecreaturestoformshellsandskeletonsandcountlessspeciesatthebaseofthefoodwebcanstruggletosurvive,which,scientistssay,hasthepotentialtocausehugedisruptionstoentireecosystems.Indeed,oceanacidificationisthoughttohaveplayedanimportantroleinEarth’sworst-evermassextinctionevent252millionyearsago.Theeffectofclimatechangeontheworld’soceanswilllikelyworsenincomingdecades.LastJune,scientistsannouncedcarbondioxidelevelshadreachedthehighestlevelssincehumanrecordsbegan.ThelasttimecarbondioxidelevelswerethishighwasduringthePlioceneera,between3and5millionyearsago,whenglobaltemperatureswereabout4degreesCelsiuswarmerthantheyaretoday.Currentclimatemodelssuggestthatifgreenhousegasemissionscontinueontheircurrenttrend,wemaybeoncoursetosee4degreesofwarmingby2100.Asaresult,understandingtheroleoceanshaveonglobalsystemsisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.28.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Theauthor’sfeelingstotheocean. B.Cameron’smoviesandremarks.C.Theauthor’sdiscoveriesunderthesea. D.Cameron’sobservationandconcern.29.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Severalcountriesaresufferingfromanoxicdeadzones.B.Moreconcernshouldhavebeengiventothepollutiononoceans.C.Plasticissupposedtobethemostseriousenvironmentalproblem.D.Oceanacidificationremovesthenutrientsfromagriculturalproducts.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disruptions”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Decreases. B.Destruction.C.Diseases. D.Discrimination.31.Whydoestheauthormentionthemassextinctionevent252millionyearsago?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotectseaanimals.B.Tocomparecurrentsituationswiththepast.C.Toexplainhowserioustheoceanproblemis.D.Toprovepollutiontobethecauseofacidification.DTheargumentthathuman-causedcarbonemissions(排放)aremerelyadropinthebucketcomparedtogreenhousegasesgeneratedbyvolcanoeshasbeenmakingitswayaroundtherumormillforyears.Andwhileitseemstobereasonable,thesciencejustdoesn’tbackitup.AccordingtotheUSGeologicalSurvey(USGS),theworld’svolcanoes,bothonlandandundersea,generateabout200milliontonsofcarbondioxide(CO2)annually,whileourautomotiveandindustrialactivitiescausesome24billiontonsofCO2emissionseveryyearworldwide.Despitetheargumentstothecontrary,thefactsspeakforthemselves:Greenhousegasemissionsfromvolcanoescomposelessthanonepercentofthosegeneratedbytoday’shumanactivities.AnotherindicationthathumanemissionssurpassthoseofvolcanoesisthefactthatatmosphericCO2levels,asmeasuredbysamplingstationsaroundtheworld,havegoneupconsistentlyyearafteryearregardlessofwhetherornottherehavebeenmajorvolcaniceruptionsinspecificyears.“Ifitweretruethatindividualvolcaniceruptionsdominatedhumanemissionsandwerecausingtheriseincarbondioxideconcentrations,thenthesecarbondioxiderecordswouldbefullofspikes—oneforeacheruption,”saysCobyBeck,ajournalistwritingforonlineenvironmentalnews.“Instead,suchrecordsshowasmoothandregulartrend.”Furthermore,somescientistsbelievethatvolcaniceruptions,likethatofMt.St.Helensin1980andMt.Pinatuboin1991,actuallyleadtoshort-termglobalcooling,notwarming,assulfurdioxide(SO2),ashandotherparticlesintheairandstratosphere(平流层)reflectsomesolarenergyinsteadoflettingitintoEarth’satmosphere.SO2,whichconvertstosulfuricacidaerosol,whenithitsthestratosphere,canlingerthereforaslongassevenyearsandcanexerciseacoolingeffectlongafteravolcaniceruptionhastakenplace.Scientiststrackingtheeffectsofthemajor1991eruptionofthePhilippines’Mt.PinatubofoundthattheoveralleffectoftheblastwastocoolthesurfaceoftheEarthgloballybysome0.5degreesCelsiusayearlater,eventhoughrisinghumangreenhousegasemissionsandanElNinoeventcausedsomesurfacewarmingduringthe1991-1993studyperiod.Inaninterestingtwistontheissue,BritishresearcherslastyearpublishedanarticleinthepeerreviewedscientificjournalNatureshowinghowvolcanicactivitymaybecontributingtothemeltingoficecapsinAntarcticabutnotbecauseofanyemissions,naturalorman-made.Instead,scientistsHughCorrandDavidVaughanoftheBritishAntarcticSurveybelievethatvolcanoesunderneathAntarcticamaybemeltingthecontinentsicesheetsfrombelow,justaswarmingairtemperaturesfromhuman-inducedemissionserodethemfromabove.32. AccordingtoParagraph1,somepeoplearguethat.A.theiropinionissupportedbyscienceB.volcanoesgeneratemostofthegreenhousegasesC.humanactivitiesaretoblameforgreenhousegasesD.carbonemissionsproducedbyvolcanoesareincreasing33. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spikes”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Suddenincreases. B.Smoothtrends.C.Stableregularities. D.Sharpdeclines.34. Thepurposeofthepassageisto.A.comparetheresultsofthestudiesB.contradictaviewheldbysomepeopleC.presentnewfindingsforgreenhousephenomenonD.reporttheeffectsofCO2,ingreenhousephenomenon第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FarmsoftheFutureSkyscrapers(摩天大楼)aretheultimatesymbolofurbanlife.By2050,almost80percentoftheearth’spopulationcouldliveincities.Thehumanpopulationcouldincreaseto9.1billionpeopleyettheamountoflandavailableforfarmingwillbethesame.____35____Verticalfarms,wherefarmerscouldgrowcropsinenvironmentallyfriendlyskyscrapers,couldbethesolution.Inspiteofconcernsoverhighcosts,expertswanttomaketheseurbanfarmsarealityandusetheseskyscraperstogrowcrops.____36____Verticalfarmswouldhavemanyadvantages,expertssay.Thefoodwouldbegrownwithminimaleffectsontheenvironment.Unliketraditionalfarming,verticalfarmingwouldnotforceanimalsoutoftheirhabitatsbytakingoverlargeareasofland,norwoulditpollutetheairwiththeuseofheavyfarmingequipment.____37____Thesehavebeenwellrecognized.Growingprosperityhasledtomanypeopledemandingthatallfoodsareavailableallyearround.Indoorfarmingcouldproducecropsconstantlyandcropswouldnotsufferfromweather-relatedproblemslikedroughtorflooding.Inaddition,theuseofagriculturalchemicalsforcontrollinginsectswouldbeminimal.____38____Theypointoutthatalthoughcropsgrowinginatallglassbuildingwouldgetnaturalsunlightduringtheday,itwouldn’tbeenough.Theplantsclosesttothewindowswouldgrowmuchmorequicklythantheplantsfurtherinside.Theplantsgrowingawayfromthewindowsmaynotproduceasmanyorashighqualityvegetables.____39____Theywouldneedadditionallightsources.Expertsagreethatthenewfarmingpracticesareneededtosupporttheplanet’sneedformoreandmorefoodataffordablecosts,bothtothefarmerandtotheconsumer.Verticalfarmsmaybeasmall-scaleanswer,butthebestideascouldbeyettocome.A.Still,therearesomepeoplewhoarecriticalofverticalfarms.B.Thatiswhereverticalfarmsareoftenneededforyear-roundcrops.C.Sohowtomeettheincreasingfoodneedsofourplanetcouldbeabigproblem.D.Forthesereasons,naturallightcannotbeaworkablesolutionforverticalfarms.E.Verticallygrownfoodisgrowninenvironmentallycontrolledconditionsinbigcities.F.Thosefarmswouldalsoreducethecostandnegativeeffectsoftransportingfoodoverdistances.G.Theybelievethatwecanincreasethefoodproductionbychangingourthinkingfromouttoup.第三部分：书面表达（共三节，32分）(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。When16-year-oldVioletBrilllooksoutherwindow,shedoesn’tseeonlygrassandtrees—sheseesagreatmeal.Herfather,famousplantexpertSteve“Wildman”Brill,carriedheralongonhisforaging(户外觅食)toursfromthetimeshewasalittlegirl.Inthepastdecadeorso,arenewedinterestinforagingforedible(可食用的)plantshasbeguntoappear—aninterestthathastrulyblossomedrecently.“Ithinkwe’vehadalotoftimetogetoutdoors,andlookaround,”saysAdeleNozedar,authorofForagingforKids.“Thereisrapidgrowthinforaginginthepastyear.”Kidsarenatural-bornforagers.Takethemoutintothewoodsandthey’llhappilygatherfallenleaves,orrootaroundintheundergrowthforhiddentreasures.Foragingisdefinitelyagatewaytonature.Kidslearnquicklythatit’snotjustabunchofgreenstuffoutside.Allthoseplantshaveapurpose.Andbyencouragingaloveofnature,foragingalsoencouragesaloveoftheenvironment.“Havingastrongconnectiontothelandmeansyou’remorelikelytoprotectit,”saysDaveHamilton,authorofFamilyForaging.“Andyoucan’t