英语四级试题2019难

英语四级试题2019难

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofmutualunderstandingandrespectininterpersonalrelationships.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Intoday'sfast-pacedworld,theconceptofmindfulnesshasgainedsignificanttraction.Itisoften___1___asthepracticeofmaintaininganon-judgmentalstateofheightenedorcompleteawarenessofone'sthoughts,emotions,orexperiencesonamoment-to-momentbasis.Whileitsrootsareinancientmeditationtraditions,modernpsychologyhas___2___itspotentialbenefitsformentalhealth.Practicingmindfulnessdoesnotrequire___3___changestoone'slifestyle.Instead,itinvolvessimpletechniqueslikefocusedbreathingorobservingone'ssurroundingswithout___4___.Researchindicatesthatregularmindfulnesspracticecanreducestressandanxiety.Ithelpsindividuals___5___fromhabitual,oftennegative,thoughtpatterns.Byobservingthoughtswithoutgetting___6___inthem,peoplecandevelopagreatersenseofemotionalbalance.Furthermore,studiessuggestitmayimprovefocusandcognitive___7___.Ineducationalsettings,someschoolshaveintroducedshortmindfulnessexercisestohelpstudents___8___theirattentionbeforelessons.Despiteitspopularity,somecriticsarguethatmindfulnessissometimespresentedasasimplistic___9___forcomplexpsychologicalissues.Theycautionthatitisnotareplacementforprofessionaltherapywhenneeded.However,formany,itremainsavaluabletoolforenhancingoverallwell-beingand___10___adeeperconnectionwiththepresentmoment.A)alternativeB)cultivatingC)definedD)drasticE)engagedF)flexibilityG)fosterH)judgmentI)radicalJ)remedyK)shiftL)substantialM)embracedN)detachmentO)functionSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.TheRiseofUrbanGardening[A]Inrecentyears,urbangardeninghasblossomedfromanichehobbyintoamainstreammovement.Drivenbydesiresforfreshfood,greenspaces,andcommunityconnection,citydwellersaretransformingbalconies,rooftops,andevensmallpatchesofsharedlandintoproductivegardens.[B]Oneprimarycatalystisthegrowingconcernaboutfoodoriginsandsafety.Peopleincreasinglywishtoknowwheretheirfoodcomesfromandtoavoidpesticides.Growingone'sownvegetablesprovidesasenseofcontrolandassuranceaboutthequalityandfreshnessoftheproduce.[C]Beyondpracticalbenefits,urbangardeningofferssignificantpsychologicalrewards.Theactofnurturingplantsisproventoreducestressandimprovemood.Formany,agardenservesasapeacefulretreatfromtheconcreteandnoiseofthecity,offeringavitalconnectiontonature.[D]Theenvironmentalimpactisanotherstrongmotivator.Localizedfoodproductionreduces"foodmiles"—thedistancefoodtravelsfromfarmtoplate—therebyloweringcarbonemissionsassociatedwithtransportation.Compostingkitchenscrapsinsmall-scalegardensalsohelpsreducehouseholdwaste.[E]Communitygardens,whereresidentscollectivelymanageaplotofland,havebecomehubsofsocialinteraction.Theyfosterasenseofcommunity,bringtogetherpeoplefromdiversebackgrounds,andcanevenstrengthenneighborhoodbondsandsafety.[F]Technologyhasplayedacrucialroleinthisurbanagriculturalrevolution.Innovationssuchasverticalfarmingsystems,hydroponics(growingplantswithoutsoil),andsmartplantmonitorsthattrackwaterandlightlevelsmakegardeningmoreaccessibleandefficientinlimitedspaces.[G]However,urbangardeningfaceschallenges.Limitedspace,soilcontaminationinsomecityareas,andlackofgardeningknowledgeamongbeginnersarecommonobstacles.Accesstoaffordablewaterandsufficientsunlightcanalsobeissuesindenselybuiltenvironments.[H]Toaddressthesechallenges,numerousnon-profitorganizationsandlocalgovernmentshaveinitiatedprograms.Theyprovideresourceslikestarterkits,workshops,andaccesstoland.Onlineplatformsandsocialmediagroupsofferabundantadvice,creatingasupportiveglobalcommunityfornovicegardeners.[I]Theeconomicaspectcannotbeoverlooked.Whilesettingupagardenrequiresinitialinvestment,itcanleadtosubstantialsavingsongrocerybillsovertime,especiallyforhouseholdsthatgrowhigh-yieldorexpensiveproducelikeherbsandtomatoes.[J]Lookingahead,theintegrationofgardeningintourbanplanningseemspromising.Somearchitectsnowincorporategreenroofsandwallsintobuildingdesigns,notonlyforfoodbutalsoforinsulationandbiodiversity.Urbangardeningisevolvingfromapersonalpastimeintoakeycomponentofsustainablecityliving.1.Thedesirefortrustworthyandchemical-freefoodisamajorreasonpeoplestarturbangardens.2.Gardeningwithincitiescanhelpdecreasethecarbonfootprintrelatedtofoodtransportation.3.Initialcostsareinvolvedinurbangardening,butitcanreducefoodexpensesinthelongrun.4.Lackofexperienceandpotentialpollutionofthegroundareproblemsforcitygardeners.5.Turningorganicwasteintocompostisabenefitofsmallgardensinurbanhouseholds.6.Newtechnologicalmethodshavemadeiteasiertogrowplantsinspace-constrainedcitysettings.7.Urbangardeningisincreasinglybeingconsideredinthedesignofbuildingsandcityinfrastructure.8.Theactivityoftakingcareofplantsisbeneficialformentalhealth.9.Gardensmanagedbylocalresidentscanimprovesocialtieswithinaneighborhood.10.Supportforbeginnersisavailablethroughbothofficialprogramsandonlinecommunities.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOneTheconceptof"digitaldetox"–voluntarilyrefrainingfromusingelectronicdeviceslikesmartphonesandcomputersforaperiodoftime–hasemergedasaresponsetothepervasivenatureoftechnologyinmodernlife.Proponentsarguethatconstantconnectivityleadstoincreasedstress,disruptedsleep,anddiminishedface-to-faceinteractions.Adigitaldetox,theyclaim,allowsindividualstoreconnectwiththeofflineworld,improveconcentration,andbreakthecycleofcompulsivechecking.Critics,however,questionthelong-termeffectivenessofsuchdrasticbreaks.Theysuggestthatcompletelydisconnectingisneitherpracticalnorsustainableformostpeoplewhoseworkandsociallivesaredeeplyintertwinedwithdigitaltools.Instead,theyadvocatefordevelopingahealthier,moremindfulrelationshipwithtechnologythroughconsistenthabits,suchasdesignatingtech-freetimesorzonesindailylife.Researchonthetopicpresentsamixedpicture.Somestudiesshowshort-termbenefitslikeimprovedmoodandreducedanxietyafteradetoxperiod.Othersindicatethatthereliefistemporary,andstresslevelsoftenreturntopre-detoxlevelsoncenormaldeviceuseresumes.Whatseemsmorecrucialisanindividual'sperceptionofcontrolovertheirtechnologyuse.Peoplewhofeeltheyareincontrol,ratherthanbeingcontrolledbynotificationsandalerts,tendtoreporthigherwell-beingregardlessoftotalscreentime.Thedebatehighlightsabroaderculturalnegotiationabouttheroleoftechnology.Whetherthroughperiodicdetoxesordailymindfulpractices,thegoalremainsthesame:toensurethattechnologyservesasatoolforenhancement,notasourceofconstantdistractionandstress.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofa"digitaldetox"accordingtoitsproponents?A)Topermanentlyabandontheuseofallelectronicdevices.B)Toimproveone'sprofessionalperformance.C)Toreducestressandreconnectwiththeofflineworld.D)Tosavemoneyondigitalservicesandgadgets.2.Whatisthecritics'viewondigitaldetox?A)Itisanecessaryandpermanentsolutionforeveryone.B)Itisimpracticalandunsustainableformostpeople.C)Itistheonlywaytocuretechnologyaddiction.D)Itsignificantlyincreasesproductivityinthelongrun.3.Whatdosomeresearchfindingssuggestabouttheeffectsofadigitaldetox?A)Thebenefitsarealwayslong-lastingandtransformative.B)Itleadstopermanentchangesinbrainchemistry.C)Thepositiveeffectsmaybeshort-livedforsomeindividuals.D)Ithasnomeasurableimpactonstressormood.4.Accordingtothepassage,whatismoreimportantthanthetotalscreentime?A)Thecostofthedevicesbeingused.B)Thenumberofapplicationsinstalled.C)Theindividual'ssenseofcontrolovertechnologyuse.D)Thespeedoftheinternetconnection.5.Whatisthecommongoalsharedbydifferentapproachestomanagingtechnologyuse?A)Tocompletelyeliminatedigitaltoolsfromdailylife.B)Toensuretechnologyactsasahelpfultool,notastressfuldistraction.C)Toincreasethetimespentonsocialmediafornetworking.D)Topromotethelatesttechnologicalgadgets.PassageTwoForcenturies,storytellinghasbeenafundamentalpartofhumanculture,servingasameansofeducation,entertainment,andpreservationofhistory.Inthecontemporarybusinessworld,theartofstorytellinghasfoundapowerfulnewapplication:brandingandmarketing.Companiesareincreasinglyleveragingstoriestoconnectwithconsumersonanemotionallevel,movingbeyondmerelistsofproductfeatures.Acompellingbrandstoryoftengoesbeyondtheproductitself.Itmightencompassthefounder'svision,thecompany'svalues,itscommitmenttosustainability,orhowitimprovescustomers'lives.Thisnarrativehelpsbuildanidentitythatconsumerscanrelatetoandtrust.Whenconsumersfeelanemotionalresonancewithabrand'sstory,theyaremorelikelytodeveloployaltyandadvocateforthebrand.Neuroscienceoffersinsightsintowhystoriesaresoeffective.Storiesactivatemultipleareasofthebrain,includingthoseresponsibleforlanguage,sensoryexperiences,andemotions.Thismakesinformationpresentedwithinastorymorememorableandengagingthanrawdataorfacts.Awell-toldstorycanmakeabrandseemmorehumanandauthentic.However,theriseofbrandstorytellingalsoraisesquestionsaboutauthenticity.Consumerstodayaresavvyandcandetectinsincerity.Ifacompany'sactionscontradictitsstatedstory—apracticeoftencalled"storywashing"—itcanleadtosignificantbacklashandlossoftrust.Therefore,forstorytellingtobeeffective,itmustberootedingenuineactionsandcorporatebehavior.Ultimately,effectivebrandstorytellingisnotaboutfabrication;it'saboutidentificationandcommunication.Itinvolvesidentifyingthecoretruthsaboutacompanyandcommunicatingtheminawaythatiscoherent,compelling,andconsistentwiththecustomer'sexperience.6.Whatisthemainreasoncompaniesusestorytellinginmarketingaccordingtothepassage?A)Toreduceadvertisingcosts.B)Toconnectwithconsumersemotionallyandbuildtrust.C)Tocomplicatetheirproductdescriptions.D)Tofollowatemporarytrendinbusiness.7.Whatdoesneurosciencesuggestabouttheimpactofstories?A)Storiesarelesseffectivethanstatisticaldata.B)Storiesonlyactivatethelanguagecenterofthebrain.C)Storiesmakeinformationmorememorablebyengagingmultiplebrainareas.D)Storieshavenospecialneurologicaleffectcomparedtootherformsofcommunication.8.Whatisapotentialriskassociatedwithbrandstorytelling?A)Itisalwaystooexpensiveforsmallcompanies.B)Consumersmayfindthestoriestooentertainingandforgettheproduct.C)Ifthestoriesarenotauthentic,theycandamagetrust.D)Itforcescompaniestochangetheirproductsfrequently.9.Theterm"storywashing"inthepassagerefersto______.A)cleaningupacompany'shistoricalrecordsB)usingtoomanystoriesinadvertisingC)amismatchbetweenacompany'sstoriesanditsrealactionsD)theprocessofcreatingabrandstory10.Whatisthefoundationofeffectivebrandstorytelling?A)Fabricatinganimpressivebutfictionalnarrative.B)Thecoretruthsaboutacompanyandconsistentactions.C)Focusingsolelyonthetechnicalfeaturesofproducts.D)Targetingthewidestpossibleaudience.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的艺术，是中华文化的重要组成部分。它不仅是传递信息的工具，更是一种表达情感和审美观念的方式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感的汉字形态。练习书法需要耐心和专注，因此它也被视为一种修身养性的活动。几千年来，书法一直深受中国人民喜爱，并在当代社会中继续被学习和实践。PartIVAnswerSheetPartIWriting(略)PartIIReadingC