湖北省黄冈市高三上学期1月期末英语试题

年秋季高三年级期末考试英语本试卷共页。全卷满分分。考试用时分钟。注意事项：答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码在答题卡上的指定位置。试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。第一部分听力共两节，满分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节共5小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读两遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whycan’tthemananswerthephone?A.Heiswateringplants.B.Heiscookingsoup.C.Heisbusyshopping.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhiking?A.Boring.B.C.Enjoyable.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttotryafterlunch?A.Burgers.B.Fries.C.Milkshakes.4.Whatdoesthewomanlikeabouttheyogastudio?A.Thefunctionalroom.B.Thefriendlyinstructor.C.Thecoolenvironment.5.Whatisacrossthestreetfromtheturningpoint?第1页/共24页

A.Aflowershop.B.Abookstore.C.Abakery.第二节共小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.WhichgateisforFlight832onweekdays?A.Gate14.B.Gate16.C.Gate19.7.Howlongdoesthemanhavetogettothecorrectgate?A.10minutes.B.30minutes.C.45minutes.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhendidPaulmovetothenewapartment?A.Lastmonth.B.Lastweek.C.Lastyear.9.WhatisAnna’smotherdoingnow?A.Sheisteachingchemistry.B.Sheisretiredandvolunteering.C.Sheisworkinginabank.10.WhereisLisalivingnow?A.Nearthelibrary.B.Intheneighborhood.C.Inthecitycenter.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。Whatadvantageofonlineshoppingdoesthemanmention?A.Betterqualityproducts.B.Easypriceparison.C.Noneedtoreturnitems.12.Whatproblemdidthewomanhavewithonlineshopping?A.Shegotabrokenwatchandnorefund.B.Theclothessheboughtdidn’tfit.C.Thepriceswerehigherthanexpected.13.Whatdoesthewomanprefertodowhenshopping?A.Buyfromrandomstores.第2页/共24页

B.Shopontrustedplatforms.C.Seeproductsinperson.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatdoesMariaClarkdo?A.Aradiohost.B.AmunitycenterC.Alittlegardener.15.Howoftenaretheorganicfarmingworkshopsheld?A.Everyweekend.B.Everyweek.C.Everymonth.16.Whatcanbedevelopedinthe“LittleGardeners”club?A.Askillofindependence.B.Asenseofresponsibility.C.Aspiritofteamwork.17.Whatisthegoalofthemunitygardenproject?A.teachfarmingskills.B.encouragehealthyeating.C.strengthenmunitybonds.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Howoldaretheoldstonecottages?A.Over100yearsold.B.Over200yearsold.C.Over300yearsold.19.Whatdidthespeakermakefortheproject?A.Shortstoriesaboutcottages.B.Postersofhistoriclandmarks.C.Metalplateswithbuildingyears.20.Whatresulthastheprojectachieved?A.Developershavestoppedbuildingapartments.B.Someoldhomeshavebeenrepaired.CAllcottageshavebeenrebuilt.第二部分阅读共两节，满分分)第3页/共24页

第一节共小题；每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AManycountriesareconsideringreducingspeedlimitsonmotorwaysandinurbanareas.FuelsavingsandreductionsinCO2emissionsarejusttwoofthereasonsfordoingso.Fuelconsumptiondecreasesthesloweryoudrive,becausethemovingcarhastooverefewerphysicalforcessuchasairresistanceandrollingfriction(摩擦)betweentyresandroad.Airresistanceincreaseswiththesquareofthespeed.Thismeansthatacarexperiences28%moreairresistanceataspeedof130km/hthanatSlowerspeedisnottheonlywaytoreducetheCO2emissionsfromyourcarTherearethreeautomotivetipstohelptheclimateelse.STREAMLINETHECAR1.Unevenness(不均匀)increasestheairresistanceofyourcar,andsoitsCO2emissions.Fouropenwindowsincreasefuelconsumptionbyupto27%.GETUPTHEGEARS(齿轮)2.Petrolanddiesel(柴油)carsshouldalwaysbedriveninthehighestpossiblegear:theenginethenhasasfewrevolutionsaspossible.Fuelconsumptionbetweentwogearscanvarybyupto20%.TYREPRESSURE3.Cartyresattheremendedpressureensureidealdriving.Ifthetyrepressuredropsto75%pressure,fuelconsumptionincreasesby2%.Ifitdropsbyhalf,theincreaseisasmuchas10%.Here’sthebreakdownoffuelconsumptionimpactofdrivinghabitsandvehicleadjustmentsfromtheFederationofDanishMotorists(FDM).第4页/共24页

1.Whydoesdrivingatalowerspeedhelpcutfueluse?A.Itweakensthephysicalforcesthecarmustfightagainst.B.Itchangesthewayairresistancethecar.C.Itlightenstheweightofthemovingvehicle.D.Itmakestheengineworkatahigherspeed.2.Whatwillhappenifacar’swindowsarewideopenwhiledriving?A.It’lllowerthecar’sairresistance.B.It’llreducethecar’sCO₂emissions.C.It’llleadtoasharpriseinfueluse.D.It’llmakethecarrunmoresmoothly.3.Whatisthefuelsavingofreducingspeedfrom130km/htoaccordingtoFDMdata?A.10%.B.16%.C.Upto20%.D.Nearly28%.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了降低车速、优化车身设计、快速换挡及保持轮胎压力等可减少汽车燃油消耗和二氧化碳排放。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fuelconsumptiondecreasesthesloweryoudrive,becausethemovingcarhasto第5页/共24页

overefewerphysicalforcessuchasairresistanceandrollingfriction(摩擦)betweentyresandroad.(你开得越慢，燃油消耗就越少，因为行驶中的汽车需要克服的物理阻力就越少，比如空气阻力和轮胎与路面之间的滚动摩擦力)”可知，以较低的速度行驶有助于减少燃油消耗是因为它削弱了汽车必须对抗的物理力。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据STREAMLINETHECAR部分中“Fouropenwindowsincreasefuelconsumptionbyupto27%.(四个打开的窗户会使燃油消耗增加高达27%)升。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据图表中“Speed:130→km/h(Fuel/CO₂Saving)(车速：130→公里/小时（燃油/二氧化碳节省）)”对应的“16%FDM130km/h降至的节油效果是16%。故选B。BAsoneof400plusforeignersatmyschool—Thailand,France,andbeyond—IbelongtotheInternationalDivision.Infact,mostofthestudentsonmycampusareChinese,andIinteractwiththemdailythroughsharedcourseworkandextracurricularactivities,likesportingevents,includinganannualtrackandfieldmeetandregularfootballmatches.WhileEnglishisthelanguageofinstructioninafewclasses,mostofusadvanceintohigherlevelcoursesconductedentirelyinChinese,whichisalsothelanguagewespeakinmon.Whiletheschoolhasemphasizedinternationalization,includingadmittingforeignstudentsandsustaininginternationalconnections,it’sdonesowhilepreservingChinesevaluesandacademicrigor(严谨性).Perhapscontrarytosomeinternationalperceptions,Chineseeducationhasmaturedandfollowedaprogressivecurveinitsdevelopment,findingbetterpathwaystohighperformance,creativityandinnovation,oldmodelsofrote(死记硬背)andrepetition.Consequently,whilewe’rewellknownforourstrongexamscores,whichremainsabaselineweallstrivetosupport,weshouldalsobeknownasaschoolwherekidskeepguitarsandbasketballscloseathand,andwherestudentsformbandsandteamstoplayonandcampus.Aboveallweshouldbeknownasaschooldevotedtodevelopinghealthymindsandbodies,alwaysreadytocooperateandpete.Recentlyagroupofsevenofmyfriendscamehomewithmeafterschooltohaveahomecookedmeal.enjoyedavarietyofdishes,piledwithfruit,cheeseandspicyThainoodles.Afterwards,Ibroughtoutabigchocolatecakeandwecovereditwithcandles,singing“HappyBirthday”formygrandmabackinAmericainfivedifferentlanguages.Hereyesbrimmedwithtearsofhappinessasshewatchedusonline.第6页/共24页

4.Whatisthemonmunicationlanguageamongthestudents?A.English.B.Chinese.C.Thai.D.French.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eschewing”inparagraph2mean?A.Abandoning.B.Adopting.C.Improving.D.Exploring.6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor’sschoollife?A.Itprioritizesexamscores.B.Itfocusesonrotelearning.C.Itbalancesacademicsandextracurriculars.D.ItgivesupChinesevaluesforinternationalization.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowthroughthebirthdaystory?A.Onlinebirthdaycelebrationsaremoretouching.B.Homecookedmealsarepopularamongstudents.C.Thestudentsaregoodatsingingindifferentlanguages.D.Theschool’sinternationalizationpromotescrossculturalbonds.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为国际部学生在中国学校的经历，包括语言学习、学校生活及跨文化交流。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“WhileEnglishisthelanguageofinstructioninafewclasses,mostofusadvanceintohigherlevelcoursesconductedentirelyinChinese,whichisalsothelanguagewespeakinmon.(虽然有少数课程采用英语授课，但我们中的大部分人升入高年级后，所学课程就全部转为中文教学了——中文也是我们日常交流的通用语言。)”可知，中文是学生们之间交流的共同语言。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Perhapscontrarytosomeinternationalperceptions,Chineseeducationhasmaturedandfollowedaprogressivecurveinitsdevelopment,findingbetterpathwaystohighperformance,creativityandinnovation,eschewingoldmodelsofrote(死记硬背)andrepetition.(或许与一些国际社会对中国教育的固有印象不同，如今的中国教育已经日趋成熟，发展进程稳步向前，探索出了能够兼顾高效学习成效、培养创新eschewing)展中遵循进步的曲线，找到了实现高绩效、创造力和创新的更好途径，因此抛弃了旧的死记硬背和重复的第7页/共24页

模式。故eschewing意思是“抛弃”。故选A。【6题详解】Consequently,whilewe’rewellknownforourstrongexamscores,whichremainsabaselineweallstrivetosupport,weshouldalsobeknownasaschoolwherekidskeepguitarsandbasketballscloseathand,andwherestudentsformbandsandteamstoplayonandcampus.(因此，虽然我们以优异的考试成绩而闻名，这仍然是我们所有人都努力支持的基准，但我们也应该被认为是一所孩子们随身携带吉他和篮球的学校，一所学生们组成乐队和团队在校园内外表演的学校。)”可推知，作者学校生活兼顾学术和课外活动。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Recentlyagroupofsevenofmyfriendscamehomewithmeafterschooltohaveahomecookedmeal.enjoyedavarietyofdishes,piledwithfruit,cheeseandspicyThainoodles.Afterwards,Ibroughtoutabigchocolatecakeandwecovereditwithcandles,singing“HappyBirthday”formygrandmabackinAmericainfivedifferentlanguages.Hereyesbrimmedwithtearsofhappinessasshewatchedusonline.(最近，放学后，我的七个朋友和我一同回家吃了一顿家常饭。我们享用了各种菜肴，堆满了水果、奶酪和辣味泰国面条。之后，我拿出一个大巧克力蛋糕，上面插上蜡烛，我们用五种不同的语言为我在美国的奶奶唱“生日快乐”)校的国际化促进了跨文化联系。故选D。Cknowthatsomeanimalslivelongerthanothers,butwedonotyetfullyunderstandwhy.Researchershavepreviouslyidentifiedbrainsizeandmetabolic(新陈代谢)ratesasfactorsthatcanvarylifespan,butnowevolutionaryresearchersfromtheUK’sUniversityofBathhavefoundanotherfactor,andit’sonethatcouldbekeytounderstandingwhycatstendtolivelongerthandogs.“Ourstudyrevealsthesurprisingroleplayedbytheimmunesystemnotjustinfightingdisease,butalsoinsupportinglongevityacrossawiderangeofmammals,”saysBenjaminfromtheUniversityofBath’sCentreforEvolution.Theresearchdoesnotdismisstheotherreasons,rathersuggestinglongevityisabinationoffactors.Theresearchersinvestigatedthemaximumlifespanof46differentmammalianspecies,paringtheanimals’genes.Theteamstudieddolphins,whichcanliveforupto39years,andotherwhalesthatliveforupto100years,buttheyalsolookedintosmalleranimalssuchasmice,whichtypicallyliveforonlyonetotwoyears.Theresultsshowedthatcertainsmallanimalslivelongerthanexpected,suchasnakedmolerats,whichcan第8页/共24页

live20yearsdespiteasmallsizeandbrain.Thespeciesthatlivethelongesthadmoregenesassociatedwiththeirimmunesystem,accordingtotheresearchers;theteambelievesthatastrongimmunesystemactstoeliminatedamagedcells,whilealsofightinginfectionsandpreventingdisease.Catsaregiftedwithastrongnaturalimmunitythroughadiversesetofimmunerelatedgenes,whereastheselectivebreedingofdogshasleftsomebreedswithinheritedimmunedeficiencies(缺陷).Theresearchersnowintendtolookdeeperintosignificantdifferencesinthelifespansofdifferentmammalsbyinvestigatingspecificgenesthatrelatetocancerandotherlifeshorteningdiseases.8.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?A.Byquotinganexpert.B.Bydefiningaconcept.C.Byparingfindings.D.Byprovidingstatistics.9.WhatdidtheUniversityofBathresearchersfocuson?ADailyeatinghabits.B.Livingenvironments.C.Geneticcharacteristics.D.Reproductivepatterns.10.Whydoestheauthormentionnakedmolerats?A.paretheirlifespanwiththatofmice.B.explainwhysmallanimalsliveshorterlives.C.shownakedmoleratshavethelongestlifespan.D.provesizeandbrainsizedon’tdeterminelifespan.Whatistheresearchers’nextplan?A.studytheimmunesystemofcatsanddogs.B.exploregenesassociatedwithseverediseases.C.confirmtheroleofmetabolicratesinlifespan.D.investigatetheofbreedingonimmunity.【答案】8.C9.C10.DB【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了巴斯大学的一项新研究，发现强大的免疫系统和相关基因是哺乳动物长寿的关键因素，这解释了为何猫通常比狗长寿。【8题详解】第9页/共24页

knowthatsomeanimalslivelongerthanothers,butwedonotyetfullyunderstandwhy.Researchershavepreviouslyidentifiedbrainsizeandmetabolic(新陈代谢)ratesasfactorsthatcanvarylifespan,butnowevolutionaryresearchersfromtheUK’sUniversityofBathhavefoundanotherfactor,andit’sonethatcouldbekeytounderstandingwhycatstendtolivelongerthandogs.(我们知道有些动物比其他动物活得更久，但我们尚未完全理解其中的原因。研究人员此前已确认脑容量和新陈代谢率是影响寿命的因素，但现在英国巴斯大学的进化研究人员发现了另一个因素，这可能是理解为什么猫往往比狗长寿的关键)”可知，作者在第一段通过对比分析结果提出这个问题。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theresearchersinvestigatedthemaximumlifespanof46differentmammalianspecies,paringtheanimals’genes.(研究人员对46种不同哺乳动物的最长寿命进行了研究，并对这些动物的基因进行了比较)”可知，巴斯大学的研究人员关注的是遗传特征。故选C。【10题详解】Theresultsshowedthatcertainsmallanimalslivelongerthanexpected,suchasnakedmolerats,whichcanlive20yearsdespiteasmallsizeandbrain.(研究结果表明，某些小型动物的寿命比预期的20年)体型和大脑大小并不能决定寿命。故选D。【题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theresearchersnowintendtolookdeeperintosignificantdifferencesinthelifespansofdifferentmammalsbyinvestigatingspecificgenesthatrelatetocancerandotherlifeshorteningdiseases.(寿命的疾病相关的特定基因)”可知，研究人员接下来的计划是探索与严重疾病相关的基因。故选B。DForthefirsttimeever,apowerfullaser(激光)beamfromEarthhasreportedlyhitatargetdeepinspace.Itcouldbethekeytolightningfastspacemunicationinthefuture.Imaginetryingtoaimatsomethingadistanceofastrand(股)ofhairfromadistanceof10km.That’sroughlyequivalenttowhatChineseresearchershaveachieved,usingalaserinspacetotargetadistantsatelliteorbitingtheMoon.AerospaceengineersoftheBeijingbasedAcademyofScienceshavestruckasatellitewithaninfrared(红外)laserinbroaddaylightandacrossadistanceof130,000km.ThepowerfullaserbeamhitareflectoronaChineselunarnavigationandmunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchedinMarch2024:Thesignalwas第10页/共24页

returnedtoEarthinlessthanasecond,capturedbyatelescopeininChina.Itisthefirsttimeeverthatengineershavemanagedtoaccuratelylocateandmeasureasatellitesofarawayandtodosoindaylight,whensunlightusuallyinterfereswithmeasurements.Insimilarearlierefforts,researchershadbeenabletocollectdataforonlyshortperiodsoftime.Butbydemonstratingthatthetechnologyalsoworksinsunlight,theresearchershavenowshownthatthemethodcouldenablemuchmorefrequentandaccuratemeasurementsinspace.Themethodcouldalsobeusedtorevolutionizemunicationsinspace.CurrentlyweuseradiowavestosendmessagestoplacessuchasMars,butlaserscouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthesametime.ThetechnologycouldpavethewayforlightningfastcontactwithfuturebasesontheMoon—andperhapsonedayonMars.StablelaserlinksinspacecanreportedlysenddatatoandfromEarthupto100timesfasterthancanradiowaves,perhapsanimportantboosttomunicationwithfutureastronautsontheMoonandMars.12.WhatdidtheChineseresearcherssuccessfullymakethelaserbeamreach?A.Alunarbaseunderconstruction.B.AMarsexplorationspacecraft.C.Areflectivedeviceonatestsatellite.D.Agroundtelescopein13.WhatmakestheChineseengineers’achievementparticularlyremarkable?A.Locatingasodistantsatellitepreciselyindaylight.B.LaunchingaMoonorbitingsatellite130,000kmaway.C.GettingthesignalreturnedtoEarthinasecond.D.Usinganinfraredlaserforthefirsttimesuccessfully.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutradiowavesinspacemunication?A.TheyareunabletoreachMarsfromEarth.B.Theywillsoonbereplacedbylasertechnology.C.Theyhavelowerdatatransmissioncapacitythanlasers.D.Theyaremoreeasilyinterferedwithbysunlightthanlasers.15.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitlefor?A.AHistoricLaserStrike:theMoonB.Satellite:BridgingEarthandtheMoonC.RadioTheFutureofSpacemunication第11页/共24页

D.China’sLaser:ALeapforDeepSpacemunication【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国研究人员成功用激光束击中月球轨道上的测试卫星上的反射器，展示了激光在太空通信中的巨大潜力。【12题详解】ThepowerfullaserbeamhitareflectoronaChineselunarnavigationandmunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchedinMarch2024:ThesignalwasreturnedtoEarthinlessthanasecond,capturedbyatelescopeininChina.(这束强激光精准命中了2024年3月发射的中国月球导航与通信试验卫星“天都一号”上的反射器，信号在不到一秒的时间内传回地球，由中国西南部云南省的一台望远镜捕获。)”可知，中国研究人员成功让激光束到达了测试卫星上的反射装置。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Itisthefirsttimeeverthatengineershavemanagedtoaccuratelylocateandmeasureasatellitesofarawayandtodosoindaylight,whensunlightusuallyinterfereswithmeasurements.(这是工程师们首次成功在如此远的距离精确地定位和测量一颗卫星，并且是在白天进行的，而通常阳光会干扰测量。)”可知，中国工程师的成就特别显著之处在于在白天精确地定位了如此遥远的卫星。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“CurrentlyweuseradiowavestosendmessagestoplacessuchasMars,butlaserscouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthesametime.(激光可以在相同的时间内发送更多的数据。)”可知，在太空通信中，无线电波的数据传输能力比激光低。故选C。【15题详解】Forthefirsttimeever,apowerfullaser(激光)beamfromEarthhasreportedlyhitatargetdeepinspace.Itcouldbethekeytolightningfastspacemunicationinthefuture.(据报道，有史以来第一次，来自地球的强大激光束击中了深空的一个目标。这可能是未来闪电般快速太空通信的关键。)”可知，文章主要讲述了中国研究人员成功用激光束击中月球轨道上的测试卫星上的反射器，激光技术推动深空通信发展，中国的激光技术为深空通信带来了飞跃。因此选项D“China’sLaser:ALeapforDeepSpacemunication(中国的激光：深空通信的一大飞跃)”最符合文章主旨。故选D。第二节共5小题；每小题分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。第12页/共24页

Everywinter,theheadgardeneratClaudeMonet’sgardeninthetinyFrenchvillageofGivernysitsdowntoapileofseedlists’fordisappointment.knowshemustgrowatleast520,000plantstorecreatethesehistoricgrounds.Buteachyearatleast10seedvarietiesheselectedthepreviousseasonwilldisappear.____16____WhenMonetmovedtoGivernyin1883,nurseries(苗圃)werecoveredwithflowers.Manyofhisfavoredvarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeenpletelychangedaspeoplepreferbothharder(耐寒的)plantsandflowerswitheverincreasingblooms.Thisseason,iscrazyaboutgrowingatallerpelargonium(天竺葵),aclumpedflower(簇状花)cousintothegeranium(老鹳草)thatMonetfamouslyplantedinseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse.“____17____”says.bringthembackwouldbearesurrection(起死回生).”Headgardenersince2016,nowleadsadozengardeners,twiceasmanyasMonetenlisted.____18____wintersfollowedbyhot,drysummersleadtoearliercrowdsofpests.Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge.____19____“It’splicated.”says“____20____”HeandGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermetbycreatingaspacesoidentifiablethatitremindsstrangersofpaintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover.Asseedsdisappear,thetaskonlygetsharder.wantpeopletolookoutlikeMonetandseewhatheA.can’tbuythemanywhere.B.Aswithfashion,people’stastesinflowerschange.C.ThetouristshavetofeelliketheyareinMonet’spaintings.D.Thesegardenersstrugglewithawildlychangingecosystem.E.Monet’sgardensymbolizesimpressionistartandnaturalbeauty.F.Hisworkincludesplanting,researchingandsourcingrareseeds.G.Nearly800,000visitorsflocktotheareaeveryyearbetweenAprilandOctober.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.G20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了莫奈花园首席园丁为重现莫奈花园历史原貌，面临种子消失、生态系统变化及游客管理等诸多挑战，仍努力让游客感受如同置身莫奈画作中的故事。【16题详解】根据上文“Buteachyearatleast10seedvarietiesheselectedthepreviousseasonwilldisappear(但每年他上一第13页/共24页

季挑选的至少10种种子品种会消失)”以及下文“Manyofhisfavoredvarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeenpletelychangedaspeoplepreferbothharder(耐寒的)plantsandflowerswitheverincreasingblooms(他喜欢的许多品种此后已经灭绝或完全改变，因为人们更喜欢耐寒的植物和花朵越来越大的品种)”可知，前文提到每年有至少10种选定的种子品种消失，后文则指出莫奈时期的许多花卉品种因人们偏好耐寒、开花更多的品种而灭绝或被改变。B项“Aswithfashion,people’stastesinflowerschange(就像时尚一样，人们对花的品味也会改变)”起到了承上启下的作用，解释了花卉品种消失和改变的原因是人们的品味变化，符合语境，故选B项。【17题详解】根据前文“Thisseason,iscrazyaboutgrowingatallerpelargonium(天竺葵),aclumpedflower(簇状花)cousintothegeranium(老鹳草)thatMonetfamouslyplantedinseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse(这个季节，热衷于种植一种更高的天竺葵，这种簇状花是老鹳草的近亲，莫奈曾在他粉色房子前的几个红粉色花坛里种植过)”以及下文“bringthembackwouldbearesurrection(起死回生).(将它们重新培育回来，无异于一次起死回生)”可知，前文提及阿维萨德热衷于培育一种莫奈曾种植的高株天竺A项“can’tbuythemanywhere(你在任何地方都买不到它们)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。【18题详解】根据前文“wintersfollowedbyhot,drysummersleadtoearliercrowdsofpests.Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge(冬季潮湿，随后是炎热干燥的夏季，导致害虫提前大量出现。此外，游客管理也带来了重大挑战)”可知，前文介绍阿维萨德领导的园丁团队规模，后文则列举了潮湿冬季和干热夏季导致害虫提早滋生的问题。D项“Thesegardenersstrugglewithawildlychangingecosystem(这些园丁与剧烈变化的生态系统作斗争)符合语境，故选D项。【19题详解】根据前文“Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge(战)”可知，前文提出游客管理也带来了重大挑战，G项“Nearly800,000visitorsflocktotheareaeveryyearbetweenAprilandOctober(每年4月至1080万游客涌入该地区)”用具体的游客数量数据支撑这一观点，解释了游客管理难度大的原因，具体说明游客管理方面的挑战，符合语境，故选G项。【20题详解】根据前文““It’splicated.”says)”以及后文“HeandGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermetbycreatingaspacesoidentifiablethatitremindsstrangersof第14页/共24页

paintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover(他和吉维尼的园丁们试图通过创造一个如此独特的空间来取悦一个他们从未见过的人，这个空间能让陌生人想起他们在世界各地博物馆里看到的画作)”可知，前文阿维萨德说“这很复杂”，后文则说明园丁们的目标是打造辨识度高的空间，让游客联想到博物馆里的莫奈画作。C项“ThetouristshavetofeelliketheyareinMonet’spaintings(游客们必须感觉他们置身于莫奈的画作中)”点明了“复杂”之处的核心目标，即让游客获得身临其境的体验，符合语境，故选C项。第三部分语言运用共两节，满分分)第一节共小题；每小题1分，满分分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Amassivestormbrokethetown’sseawalls,pouringwaterintothestreets.Thomaswatchedthewaterrisefromnothingtohisanklesinminutes.Hehurriedto____21____hisneighborsinthesmallsixunitbuildingwherehelived.Thomasbangedonthedoorofanelderlyneighborwhowasgettingreadytoleave.Hehelpedtheoldmangetintohiscar.Thomasalsowoketwootherneighbors,whoquickly____22____intotheirowncarwiththeirpets.Soon,theyspedaway,withwateralmostreachingtheircarlights.Thomaspickeda____23____12footpaddleboard(浆板).Heputsome____24____intoabackpack,attachedaflashlightandpaddle,thenslidupontheboard.He____25____paddledthroughthedark,floodedstreets.Whenhewastyinghisboardtoatreeindeepwater,awoman____26____tohimfromabalcony.Shepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossaflooded____27____andsaid,“Awomanistrappedthere!yougoand____28____her?”“Iwill,”Thomasshoutedback.He____29____hispaddleboardandwenttothebuilding.Inside,56yearoldteacherAndersonwas____30____withherbigdog.Thewaterlevelkeptrising,butAndersondidn’tdaretoescapealone.Thefastwaterandhiddenobjectsoutsidecouldmakeherslipandbecarriedaway.Thomas____31____thedoor,buttheimmenseweightofthewatermadeithardtoopen.“Gotothesidewindow!”hecalled.AndersonopenedtheThomasstruggledthroughthewatertoherroom,climbedin,andhelpedherandherdogout.Fromnearbybalconies,neighborsshoneflashlightsto____32____themtosafety.Atlast,Thomasputhispaddleboardaway.Hewasgladhehad____33____afewbeersinhisbackpackbeforeleavinghis____34____.theywouldcleanup.Buttonight,hehadsavedhis____35____inthetownwherehegrewup.21.A.convinceB.warnC.evaluateD.spot22.A.lookedB.dippedC.piledD.dug第15页/共24页

23.A.trappedB.hiddenC.delicateD.tough24.A.valuablesB.instrumentsC.lightsD.pets25.A.gentlyB.slightlyC.deliberatelyD.quickly26.A.smiledB.turnedC.shoutedD.pointed27.A.streetB.parkC.balconyD.lake28.A.turndownB.checkonC.appealtoD.cut29.A.loweredB.repairedC.untiedD.expanded30.A.stuckB.occupiedC.contentD.bored31.A.openedB.triedC.shutD.broke32.A.followB.protectC.pullD.guide33.A.boughtB.downloadedC.generatedD.stored34.A.apartmentB.safetyC.paddleboardD.danger35.A.friendsB.familyC.neighborsD.teachers【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在洪水来临时，Thomas勇敢救助邻居的英勇事迹。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他急忙去警告他居住的六单元小楼里的邻居们。A.convinceB.warn警告；C.evaluate评估；D.spot发现。根据上文“Amassivestormbrokethetown’sseawalls,pouringwaterintothestreets.Thomaswatchedthewaterrisefromnothingtohisanklesinminutes.Hehurriedto”和下文“hisneighbors”可知，洪水即将来袭，Thomas的行为是警告邻居避险。故选B。【22题详解】ThomasA.looked看；B.dipped浸；C.piled堆积；D.dugHehelpedtheoldmangetintohiscar.Thomasalsowoketwootherneighbors,whoquickly”和后文“intotheirowncarwiththeirpetspileintoC。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Thomas挑选了一块结实12英尺长的桨板。A.trapped受困的；B.hidden隐藏的；C.delicate易碎的；D.tough结实的。根据后文“12footpaddleboard”可知，桨板需要在洪水之中载第16页/共24页

人前行，必须足够坚固耐用。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把一些贵重物品放进背包，装上手电筒和桨，然后滑上桨板。A.valuables贵重物品；B.instruments仪器；C.lights灯；D.pets宠物。根据前文“Heputsome”和后文“intoabackpack”以及常识可知，救援时背包里放的是贵重物品。故选A。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他迅速地在黑暗的、被洪水淹没的街道上划桨。A.gently温柔地；B.slightly轻微地；C.deliberately故意地；D.quickly快速地。根据后文“paddledthroughthedark,floodedstreets”可知，情况紧急，所以是迅速地划桨。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他在深水里把桨板系在树上时，一个女人从阳台上向他大喊。A.smiled微笑；B.turned转弯；C.shouted喊叫；D.pointed指着。根据后文“tohimfromabalcony.Shepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossaflooded7andsaid,“Awomanistrappedthere!yougoand8her?”ThomasC。【27题详解】看看她好吗？”A.street街道；B.park公园；C.balcony阳台；D.lakepaddledthroughthedark,floodedstreetsShepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossaflooded”可知，他在黑暗的、被洪水淹没的街道上划桨，所以此处指被洪水淹没的街道。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你去看看她好吗？A.turndown拒绝；B.checkonC.appealto呼吁；D.cut切断。根据上文“Awomanistrappedthere!yougoand”可知，有一个女人被困，所以说话的人请求对方去看看她。checkon既包含“确认情况”的含义，又隐含“提供帮助”的意图，符合语境，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解开桨板，向大楼走去。A.lowered降低；B.repaired修理；C.untied解开；D.expanded扩大。根据前文“Whenhewastyinghisboardtoatreeindeepwater”和后文“hispaddleboardandwenttothebuilding”可知，Thomas此前将桨板系在了树上，现在需要解开才能出发救人。故选C。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在里面，56岁教师Anderson和她的大狗被困住了。A.stuck卡住的，第17页/共24页

被困的；B.occupied忙碌的；C.content满意的；D.bored厌倦的。根据前文““Awomanistrappedthere!”、“56yearoldteacherAndersonwas”、后文“Thewaterlevelkeptrising,butAndersondidn’tdaretoescapealone.”可知，前文描述有人喊话说有个女人被困，后文描述Anderson不敢独自逃跑，所以此处指Anderson和她的大狗被困住了。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thomas试着打开门，但巨大的水压使门很难打开。A.opened打开；B.tried尝C.shutD.b