2017-2018学年高中人教版英语必修一教学案Unit4SectionⅡ

Section_ⅡWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.earthquaken．地震2.burstvi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发3.millionn.百万4.eventn.事件；大事5.ruinn.废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产6.destroyvt.破坏；毁坏；消灭7.rescuen．&vt.援救；营救8.trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境9.disastern.灾难；灾祸10.buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏11.sheltern.掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.nationn．民族；国家；国民→nationaladj.国家的；全国性的2.sufferingn．苦难；痛苦→sufferv．遭受3.extremeadj.极度的→extremelyadv.极端地；很；非常地4.injurevt.损害；伤害→injuryn．伤害；侮辱5.uselessadj.无用的；无效的；无益的→usefuladj.有用的→usen．用途6.shockv．(使)震惊；震动→shockedadj.震惊的；震撼的→shockingadj.令人震惊的1.“自然灾害”相关单词一览①disastern．灾难；不幸②earthquaken.地震③droughtn.旱灾；干旱④floodn.洪水⑤hazen.雾霾2.必记的数字①tenn.十②hundredn.百③thousandn.千④millionn.百万⑤billionn.十亿3.“­less”后缀的形容词归纳①useless无用的②helpless无助的③homeless无家可归的④harmless无害的⑤jobless失业的⑥endless无尽的4.加后缀­er变名词的相关单词①mine→minern．矿工②report→reportern．记者③suffer→sufferern．受难者④settle→settlern．移居者5.rescue→save(近义词)二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.right_away立刻；马上2．as_if仿佛；好像3．at_an_end结束；终结4．in_ruins严重受损；破败不堪5．dig_out掘出；发现6．a_(great)_number_of许多；大量的7．cut_across穿过；贯穿；抄近路8．blow_away把……刮走1.thinklittleof不重视；对……评价不高2．asusual和往常一样3．rescueworkers救援工人4．eoutofthecracks从裂缝中出来5．lookforplacestohide寻找藏身之处6．inthefarmyard在庭院里7．falldown掉落下来8．tothenorthofthecity在该城市的北方三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！...seems/looksasif...看起来好像……。Itseemedas_if_he_knew_everythingthathappenedlastnight.他好像知道昨晚发生的一切。2.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。leavesb.＋宾补...使某人处于……。Whatyousaidleft_us_lost_in_thought.你说的话使我们陷入沉思。3.Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。everywhere连词，意为“无论哪里”，引导状语从句。Everywhere_she_goes,_shereceivesawarmwele.无论走到哪里，她都受到热烈欢迎。4.Allhopewasnotlost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。all...not＝notall...，为部分否定。Not_allpeoplecanunderstandwhatyousay.＝Allpeoplecannotunderstandwhatyousay.并不是所有人都能理解你说的话。1．(教材P25)Imagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.想象一下你的家开始摇晃，你必须马上离开。rightaway立刻；马上rightnow立刻；马上突然哭起来立刻；马上突然哭起来/笑起来immediatelyinnotime①Youdon’tlookwell.You’dbettergoandseeadoctorrightaway.你脸色不好，最好赶紧去看看医生吧。②Hedidn’tanswermyquestionright_away/right_now/immediately,_whichmademeveryupset.他没有马上回答我的问题，这使我很伤心。2．(教材P26)Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管出现裂缝并爆裂开来。burstvi.爆裂；爆发；突然迸发；冲；闯n.突然破裂；爆发(1)v.(burst,burst)(使)爆裂；胀开①Waterpipesoftenburstincoldweather.水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。(2)v.猛冲；闯；突然……起来突然哭起来/笑起突然哭起来/笑起来突然哭起来/笑起突然哭起来/笑起来burstoutcrying/laughing2burstin/into闯进；突然破门而入②Onhearingthenews,MaryburstintolaughterwhileLucyburstoutcrying(cry)．一听到这则消息，玛丽突然大笑起来，而露西则突然大哭起来。③Whenwewerechattingintheroom,heburst_in.当我们正在房间里谈话时他闯进来了。(3)n.突然破裂；爆发；突发；迸发aburstoflaughter/applause/anger一阵大笑/一阵喝彩声/一阵发怒④Therewasa_burst_of_laughterintheroomwhenIpassedby.我经过时，房间里传来一阵笑声。3．(教材P26)Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！atanend结束；终结attheendof在……末端bytheendof到……为止(用于完成时)intheend最后；终于①AsfarasIknow,theirfriendshipwasatanend.据我所知，他们的友谊结束了。②Whenthejourneywasat_an_end,_everybodyfelttiredandhungry.当旅程结束时，大家觉得又累又饿。③By_the_end_ofthisweek,Iwillhavefinishedmostofthework.到本周末为止，我将会完成大部分工作。4．(教材P26)Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市成为了废墟。ruinn．废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产(1)be/lieinruins 成为废墟；毁灭fallintoruin 成为废墟；毁了(2)ruinone’shope 使某人的希望破灭ruinoneself 自我毁灭①Eversincetheearthquake,thistemplehasbeeninruins.自从地震以来，这座寺庙一直是废墟一片。②Alargenumberofbuildingsfell_into_ruinaftertheearthquake.地震后，许多建筑都毁了。③Heavysmokingruins_your_health,_soyoushouldgiveupsmoking.吸烟过量损害你的健康，因此你应该戒烟。5．(教材P26)Two­thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.他们当中三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。injurevt.损害；伤害(1)injuredadj. 受伤的；受委屈的theinjured 伤员(2)injuryn. 伤；伤口；伤害doaninjurytosb. 伤害某人①Believeitornot,whatyousaidjustnowinjuredhispride.信不信由你，你刚才说的话伤了他的自尊。②Heinjured_his_left_legwhenplayingfootball.他踢足球时左腿受了伤。③Hewas_injured(injure)whenhewascyclingalongthevalley.沿着山谷骑自行车时，他受伤了。④Theinjured(injure)weresenttohospitalshortlyaftertheaccident.事故后不久伤员被送往医院。6．(教材P26)Peoplewereshocked.人们惊呆了。 shockvt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊(1)beashockto... 使……吃惊(2)shockedadj. 震惊的；惊讶的beshockedat/by 对……吃惊beshockedtodosth. 做某事很吃惊(3)shockingadj. 令人震惊的①Hissituationwasagreatshocktousall.他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。②Weareshocked(shock)thatsomanypeoplewereinjuredordiedintheearthquake.我们感到震惊的是，如此多的人在地震中伤亡。③Iwasshockedto_hear(hear)thatourfactorywouldhavetoclose.听说我们工厂将被迫关闭，我非常震惊。④Thenewsofhissuddendeathissoshockingthateveryoneisverymuchshockedatit.(shock)他突然死亡的消息如此令人震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到很震惊。7．(教材P26)Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面。rescuen．&vt.援救；营救eto/gotosb.’srescue＝rescuesb. 援救某人rescue...from... 把……从……营救出来①Haveyoureadthearticleabouttherescueofthetwominers?你读过关于营救两个矿工的那篇文章吗？②Atmidnightwefinallyrescued_the_touristswhoweretrappedinthevalley.午夜时，我们终于救出了被困在山谷中的游客。③Whenweweretrappedintheruins,thesoldierscametoourrescue.当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境(1)betrappedin 困在……中；陷在……中trapsb.into(doing)sth. 诱使某人做某事(2)setatrapfor 给……设圈套fallintoatrap 落入圈套/陷阱①Whentravellingtheyweretrappedinthemountain,waitingtoberescued.旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援。②Thepolicetrappedhimintotellingthetruth.警察设圈套使他讲出实情。③Ifyouchoosethisway,you’relikelyto_fall_into_a_trap.如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。8．(教材P26)Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸；使专心(1)bury...in...把……埋到……里buryone’sfaceinhands双手掩面埋头于；专心于；沉浸于2beburiedin埋头于；专心于；沉浸于buryoneselfin①Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandwept.她掩面而泣。②Eversincehemovedthere,hehas_been_buried(bury)inhisresearchwork.自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。③Buried(bury)inhisstudy,hedidn’tknowthatalltheothershadleft.他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。9．(教材P27)Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecausethequakehappenedwhiletheyweresleeping.造成如此多的人员死亡是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉。a(great)numberof许多；大量的①Agreatnumberofnewfactorieshavebeensetupinmyhometown.我的家乡建立了许多新工厂。[辨析比较]anumberof,thenumberofanumberof很多；许多在number之前可加large,small,great等表示程度的词。anumberof只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式thenumberof……的数目后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式②Anumberofpeoplewere_killed(kill)intheearthquake.Wedon’tknowexactlythenumberofthem.许多人在地震中死去。我们不知道确切的死亡人数。③Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsontheroadskeeps(keep)risingthesedays.正如你所见，目前道路上汽车的数量在不断增加。1．Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！asif＝asthough“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。①如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。②如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。③如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。①Lookatthecloudsinthesky!Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨。②HetreatsmeasifIwere(be)hisowndaughter.他待我就像他的亲生女儿一样。③Theytalkedasif/thoughtheyhad_been(be)friendsforyears.他们谈起话来就像多年的老朋友。2．Allhopewasnotlost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句是表示部分否定的句型。all...not...＝notall...，意为“并非所有的……都……”。当not与all，both，everyone，everybody，everything以及“every＋名词”出现在同一个句子中时，不管not在它们之前还是之后都表示部分否定。①Everyboyisnotinterestedinsports.＝Noteveryboyisinterestedinsports.并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。②AsfarasIknow,notbothofthemsmoke.＝AsfarasIknow,bothofthemdon’tsmoke.据我所知，他们俩不都抽烟。[名师点津]当表示完全否定意义时，英语中常用no,none,nobody,nothing,noone,neither等词与谓语动词的肯定式连用来表达。③Noneofuswasallowedtogothere.我们全都不被允许去那里。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Hewas_trapped(trap)inthetrafficjamandfelthelpless.2．Itwasashockingstory,andweallgotshocked.(shock)3．Burying(bury)himselfinthenewspaper,hedidn’tnoticewhatwashappening.4．Yearsoffightinghaveleftthecityinruins(ruin);itwouldtakealotofmoneytorebuildit.5．Fivepassengerswere_injured(injure)inthetrafficaccidentandtheyhaveallbeentakentothenearesthospital.6．Theboywalkedinasifhehad_bought(buy)thewholeschool.7．Thefirefighterscamehererightawayto_rescue(rescue)thosetrappedintheburningbuilding.8．Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmostatanend.9．Anumberofteachersarepresenttoday,thenumberofwhomis300.(be)10．Heisill.Youshouldcallinadoctorrightaway.Ⅱ.一句多译1．并非每个人都喜欢骑自行车上班。①Not_everyone_is_fond_of_cyclingtowork.②Everyone_isn’t_fond_of_cyclingtowork.2．他们如此感动以至于大哭起来。(burst)①Theyweresomovedthatthey_burst_into_tears.②Theyweresomovedthatthey_burst_out_crying.3．他埋头于工作，不知道何时下起了雨。(bury)①Buried(bury)inhiswork,hedidn’tknowwhenitbegantorain.②Burying(bury)himselfinhiswork,hedidn’tknowwhenitbegantorain.③Hewas_buried_in_his_work,_andhedidn’tknowwhenitbegantorain.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Don’tleavethelightson.Itwasteselectricity(电)．2．Leavinghomewasamajorevent(事件)inhislife.3．Thisisoneoftheworstnaturaldisasters(灾难)evertohitthearea.4．Willtheclothinggiveprotectionagainsreme(极度的)cold?5．Theballoonsuddenlyburst(爆裂)whenIwasblowingitup.6．Jackhadtodropoutoftheracebecausehisfootwasseriouslyinjured(受伤)halfway.7．Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewerepletelydestroyed(破坏)．8．Inordertocatchthebear,somevillagerssetatrap(陷阱)andcovereditwithsomeleaves.9．Afterlearningthattheboyshadbeenlostforalmost20hours,thepolicesentoutarescue(营救)teamtolookforthem.10．Afterthewomanheardthatherhusbandwaskilledinthecaraccident,shewentintoshock(休克)．Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Deathfinallybroughtanendtohersuffering(suffer)．2．It’suseless(use)tryingtotalktoherbecausesheneverlistens.3．Wewerewarnednottotalktoreporters(report)．4．Thecoalminers(mine)wereworkingundergroundinunfortableconditions.5．Whenfoodgoesbad,itbeessmelly(smell)．6．Twoplayersareoutoftheteambecauseofinjury(injure)．7．Thiscoatisdirty(dirt),soI’lltakeittothecleaner’s.8．Theywereextremely(extreme)sadatthethoughtoftheirmissingdog.9．Withmoreforestsdestroyed(destroy),hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.10．Whensheheardaboutthenewsthatherfatherhaddied,sheburstoutcrying(cry)．Ⅲ.选词填空betrappedin，inruins，beburiedin，anumberof，burstinto，burstout，rightaway，atanend，digout1．Theexhibitionwassointerestingthata_number_ofpeoplecametovisitit.2．ItwasreportedthatanAmericancouplehaddug_outalotofgoldcoinsfromtheirownyard.3．Buried_inthought,shedidn’tnoticethewaterwasboiling.4．Thereisamanwhoisbadlyinjuredinacaraccident.Pleasecall120right_away.5．Thecitylayin_ruinsaftertheearthquake.Now,rowsofhousesarebeingbuilt.6．Oneminutesheburst_intolaughter,andsheburst_outcrying—wejustcouldn’tunderstandhermoodatanymoment.7．Theyare_trapped_intheburningbuilding.Pleasecall119rightaway.8．Thewarwhichlastedforyearswasat_an_end.Ⅳ.课文语法填空Strangethingshappened1.beforeTangshanEarthquakehappened.Thewellwallshaddeepcracks.A2.smelly(smell)gascameoutofthem.Thewaterpipescrackedandburst.At3：423.onthemorningofJuly28,1976,everythingbegantoshake.4.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.Steamburstfromholesintheground.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversof5.dirt(dirty).Soonthewholecitylayin6.ruins(ruin).Manypeoplediedorwere7.injured(injure).Everythinginthecitywasdestroyed.Peoplewere8.shocked(shock)atthisandwonderedhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose9.whoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersfor10.survivors(survive).Freshwaterwastakentothecity.Slowlythecitybegantobreatheagain.Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达地震之后，无论走到哪里，我们都能看见一切都已经变成了废墟(inruins)，好像世界到了末日(atanend)。并不是所有的东西都被毁了(用部分否定)。令我们欣慰的是，许多(anumberof)人并没有丧失信心。他们立刻(rightaway)前来救援(rescue)，救出了一些困在(trap)废墟中的人，并掩埋(bury)死者。在灾难(disaster)面前，他们是如此善良和乐于助人以至于他们非常愿意帮助那些处于困境的人。因此我们再怎么表扬他们也不为过(can’tthinktoohighlyof)。After_the_earthquake,_wherever_we_went,_we_found_everything_lay_in_ruins._It_seemed_as_if_the_world_was_at_an_end._However,_not_all_were_destroyed_and_to_our_relief,_a_great_number_of_people_didn’t_lose_heart._They_came_to_the_rescue_right_away,_saved_some_people_who_were_trapped_under_the_ruins,_and_buried_the_dead._They_were_so_kind_and_helpful_that_they_were_too_willing_to_help_those_in_trouble_in_the_face_of_disasters,_so_we_can’t_think_too_highly_of_them.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空Therearethreeimportantthingstobeconsideredwhenchoosingajob.First,youhaveto__1__thatyouwillprobablybedoingthisjobformanyyears.Soyouneedtodecidewhetheritissomethingyouare__2__todoforalongperiodoftime.__3__，ifyoudon’tlikechildren,youshouldn’tchooseajobin__4__.Butifyoulovechildrenandare__5__enoughtobearoundthemalldaylong,thenbeingateacherisagoodchoice.Thesecondimportantthingisthe__6__ofwork.Ifyou__7__toliveinSouthernUSA,youwillhavetochooseajobthatisofferedthere.Similarly,anice­waterfishingjobwouldnotbea(n)__8__choiceifyoudon’tlikecoldweather.__9__，whatcountries,citiesorstateswillyouhavetotravelto?Areyouabletoliveintheseplaceswithoutproblems,suchasfoodsthatdon’t__10__youoranyotherkindofproblem?Somejobsrequireyouto__11__，soyoushouldtakethesethingsintoconsiderationwhenchoosingtheright__12__.__13__，theadvantagesyouwillreceiveareanotherimportantthingtobeconsidered.Needlesstosay,anyemployee(员工)isinneedofgood__14__.Andyoushouldbeclearabouttheinsurancepolicyofthepanyyouwantto__15__.Thisisespecially__16__.Alltheseabovethingsareofgreatimportance__17__youdecidetotakeanewjob.Iftheyarecarefullyconsideredduringthe__18__period,youwillprobablyhaveagreat__19__.Soitisnecessaryto__20__yourlongtermhappinessbasedonyourjob’splaceandadvantages.语篇解读：本文是议论文。作者论述了找工作时需要考虑的三个要素。1．A.remember B．tellC．doubt D．regret解析：选A在选择工作时，你要“记着(remember)”这份工作你可能会做很多年。2．A.sorry B．tiredC．ready D．afraid解析：选C你得考虑好是不是已经“准备好(ready)”长时间从事这份工作了。3．A.Atfirst B．AsusualC．Infact D．Forexample解析：选D下文举的是一个例子，故填Forexample。4．A.singing B．writingC．acting D．teaching解析：选D由该空前的“ifyoudon’tlikechildren”及下文的“beingateacher”可知，如果你不喜欢孩子就不应该“教书(teaching)”。5．A.lucky B．healthyC．patient D．proud解析：选C如果你喜欢孩子，而且“有耐心(patient)”和他们成天待在一起，那么就可以当老师。6．A.art B．levelC．place D．time解析：选C由下文的“chooseajobthatisofferedthere”可知，这里是说工作“地点(place)”。7．A.refuse B．wantC．happen D．fail解析：选B如果你“想(want)”在美国南部生活，那么就应该在那里找一份工作。8．A.good B．naturalC．easy D．real解析：选A由该空后的“ifyoudon’tlikecoldweather”可知，如果你不喜欢寒冷的天气，那么冰下捕鱼这样的工作就不是一个“好的(good)”选择。9．A.Yet B．InsteadC．Later D．Also解析：选D此处是并列关系，故填Also。10．A.agreewith B．playwithC．staywith D．gowith解析：选A由该空前的“problems”可知，这里是说饭菜不“合(agreewith)”你的口味。11．A.stay B．travelC．sit D．stand解析：选B上文提到去异地时应考虑的一些问题，故下文意思是：因为有些工作要