2017-2018学年高中英语北师大版必修1Unit2SectionⅢLesson2amp；Lesson3Pre-reading

Section_ⅢLesson_2_&_Lesson_3_—_Pre­reading_[原文呈现]VENUSANDSERENAWILLIAMSaresisters.Theyarealsobothtennischampions①whooftenhavetoplayeachother②！Venusisnoweleventhintheworld,andheryoungersisterSerenahasmovedup③tothird.ThetwosisterswereborninapooranddangerousareaofCalifornia.Itwasfullof④drugsandviolence⑤.Inarecentinterview⑥，Venusspokeabout⑦thetimewhensheandSerenawerepractising⑧tennisandtheyhadtorunandhideas⑨bullets⑩startedflyingthrough⑪theair⑫.Finally,in1991,thesistersandtheirfamilymovedtoasaferareaandsincethentheyhaveneverlookedback⑬.[读文清障]①champion/'tʃæmpIən/n.冠军championshipn．冠军称号(地位)②who引导定语从句修饰tennischampions。③moveup升级；提升④befullof充满，相当于befilledwith。⑤violence/'vaIələns/n.暴力，暴行⑥interviewn．访问⑦speakabout(＝speakof)说到，谈论⑧practisev．练习，实践(后接动名词作宾语)⑨asconj.当……时⑩bullet/'bʊlIt/n.子弹⑪flythrough穿梭⑫该句是主从复合句，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词thetime;as引导时间状语从句。⑬lookback回首往事；回顾[第1～2段译文]维纳斯·威廉姆斯和塞丽娜·威廉姆斯是姐妹。她们也是常常互为对手的网球冠军！维纳斯现在排名世界第十一位，而妹妹塞丽娜已经名列第三。两姐妹出生于加利福尼亚一个贫穷、危险的地区——毒品、暴力随处可见。在最近一次采访中，维纳斯说，那时，她和塞丽娜进行网球训练时，子弹在空中穿梭，她们只好跑开藏起来。终于在1991年，两姐妹及其家人搬到一个较安全的地区，从此再也没有故地造访过。Thesisters’father,Richard,startedtotrainVenusandSerenawhentheywereyoungchildren.Hehasalwaysbeenverystrictwith⑭hisdaughters,trainingthemhardtopete⑮againsteachother⑯.Brandi,thesisters’mother,taughtherdaughtersathome⑰sothattheypletedtheirhighschoolwhiledevelopingtheirtenniscareers⑱.Today,bothsistersarestudyingdesign⑲atcollege.Theyhavealreadyexpressedakeen⑳interestinworkingindesignaftertheirtenniscareersetoanendeq\o(○,\s\up1(21)).⑭bestrictwithsb.对某人要求严格bestrictabout/onsth.在某方面要求严格⑮pete/kəm'piːt/vi.比赛，竞争peteagainst/withsb.forsth.与某人竞争以得到某物⑯现在分词短语作状语，表主动意义。⑰sothat引导结果状语从句；...ledeveloping...为省略的状语从句。⑱career/kə'rIə/n.职业，一生的事业⑲designn．设计，策划bydesign有意地byaccident偶然⑳keen/kiːn/adj.强烈的；渴望的eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))etoanend结束[第3段译文]在维纳斯和塞丽娜很小的时候，父亲理查德就开始训练她们。他对女儿总是很严格，努力训练她们，并让她们相互竞争。妈妈布兰迪则在家中教两姐妹文化知识，这样才使她们既没有间断网球生涯，又能顺利地完成高中学业。两姐妹如今在大学学习设计。她们俩都对网球生涯结束后从事设计工作极感兴趣。Thesisters’roadtosuccesshasbeenamazingeq\o(○,\s\up1(22)).ThefirsttimeVenusplayedinabigeventeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))wasin1996.Sincethen,shehaswonWimbledonandtheUSOpentwice.Serenahascontinuedtoimproveeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))andmakefantasticeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))progresseq\o(○,\s\up1(26)).In1999and2002,shewontheUSOpen,andin2002and2003,shewasthewomen’ssingleseq\o(○,\s\up1(27))championatWimbledon.Hastennisevercausedproblemsbetweenthesisters?Fortunatelyeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))，no.“We’veplayedeachotherbeforeeq\o(○,\s\up1(29))andithasn’tworriedusyet！”saysVenus.“Ifshewins，”Serenajokes,“Mamasaysshehastodothedisheseq\o(○,\s\up1(30))！”eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))amazing/ə'meIzIŋ/adj.令人惊异的amazedadj.(人)吃惊的(说明人的感觉或状态)eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))event/I'vent/n.竞赛；事件accidentn．意外事故incidentn．小事件eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))improvev．改进；改善improvementn．改进eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))fantasticadj.极好的eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))makeprogress取得进步progress为不可数名词。eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))singlesn．(尤指网球的)单打比赛eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))fortunately/'fɔːtʃntli/adv.幸运地eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))beforeadv.从前，曾经eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))dothedishes洗餐具[第4段译文]两姐妹的成功之路是令人惊叹的。维纳斯第一次参加大型联赛是在1996年。从那以后，她已经两次赢得温布尔登网球公开赛和美国网球公开赛冠军。塞丽娜不断提高，取得了惊人的进步。1999年及2002年，她两次赢得美国网球公开赛冠军。2002年及2003年，她是温布尔登网球公开赛女子单打冠军。网球是否影响过她们的姐妹关系呢？很幸运的是，没有影响。维纳斯说：“我们以前彼此较量过，但从未产生过不愉快的感觉！”塞丽娜开玩笑地说：“如果她赢了，妈妈会让她洗碗！”Pre­readingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．opinion A．灵巧的，熟练的2．struggle B．比赛，竞争3．protest C．建立，创立4．brilliant D．不平常的5．event E．就自己而言6．found F．抗议7．personally G．竞赛；事件8．equal H．暴力，暴行9．pete I．斗争，拼搏10．skil(l)ful J．意见，看法，主张11．amazing K．幸运地12．unusual L．令人惊异的13．violence M．平等的14．fortunately N．卓越的，辉煌的1～5________6～10________11～14________答案：1～5JIFNG6～10CEMBA11～14LDHKLead­inMatchthecharacterswiththerelatedevents.1．SunYat­sen A．wontheNobelPeacePrizein19792．ThomasEdison B．foughtfortherightsofblackSouthAfricans3．MotherTeresa C．foundedthefirstRepublicofChina4．Gandhi D．helpedIndiaseparatefromBritain5．ElizabethBlackwell E．hasstudiedanimalsinthenationalparkofGombe inTanzaniafornearlyfortyyears6．NelsonMandela F．openedahospitalforpoorpeopleinNewYorkCity7．JaneGoodall G．inventedlightsandmanyotherusefulthings1～5__________6～7__________答案：1～5CGADF6～7BEWhile­readingFast­readingScanandchoosethebestanswer.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howtobeatennischampion.B．Theintroductionoftwotennisstarplayers.C．ThefamilyofVenusandSerenaWilliams.D．TheWimbledonChampionships.答案：BCareful­reading1．Readcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.(1)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Venushastodoallthecookingathome.B．Theirmotherisverykindtothesisters.C．Theirfatherhasalwaysbeenverystrictwiththesisters.D．Thesistershaveplayedeachotherseveraltimes.(2)WhatcanyoureadbetweenthelineswhenSerenasaid“Ifshewins,Mamasaysshehastodothedishes！”？A．Serenafeltjealousofhersisterbecauseofherwin.B．Serenafeltthathermotherfavoredhersister.C．Serenadidn’tcareatallbecauseshedidn’ttakeitseriously.D．Serenastillfelthappywhenhersisterwonthegame.(3)Inwhichcolumncanyoufindthisarticleinanewspaper?A．Business. B．Entertainment.C．Sports. D．Culture.(4)AccordingtothepassagewecanknowthattheWilliamssistersshowgreatinterestin________besidestennis.A．musicandmovies B．fashionC．cooking D．reading答案：(1)～(4)ADCB2．Fillinthechartwiththeinformationin.IntroductionVenusandSerenaWilliamsaresisters,whoarefamousbecausetheyarebothtennischampions,①________eleventhandthirdintheworld.FamilyBackgroundThetwosistersoncelivedinapooranddangerousareaofCalifornia,whichwasfullofdrugsand②________.Theysometimeshadtostop③________tenniswhilebulletswereflyingthroughtheair.Trainingand④________★Theirfatherwasvery⑤________withthesistersandtrainedthemtopeteagainsteachothersincetheir⑥________.★Theirmothertaughtthesistersathomesothattheycould⑦________theirhighschoolwhiledevelopingtheirtenniscareers.⑧________★Sinceabigeventin1996,VenushaswonWimbledonandtheUSOpentwice.SerenawontheUSOpenin1999and2002andshewasthewomen’s⑨________championatWimbledonin2002and2003.★Thesistersarealso⑩________indesignandtheyhopethatwillbetheirfutureworkwhentheirtenniscareersetoanend.答案：①ranking②violence③practising④Education⑤strict⑥childhood⑦plete/finish⑧Achievements/Successes⑨singles⑩interestedStudy­readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesin.1．Inarecentinterview,VenusspokeaboutthetimewhensheandSerenawerepractisingtennisandtheyhadtorunandhideasbulletsstartedflyingthroughtheair.[句式分析][尝试翻译]在最近一次采访中，维纳斯说，那时，她和塞丽娜进行网球训练时，子弹在空中飞梭，她们只好跑开藏起来。2．Brandi,thesisters’mother,taughtherdaughtersathomesothattheypletedtheirhighschoolwhiledevelopingtheirtenniscareers.[句式分析]thesisters’mother是Brandi的同位语，sothat引导结果状语从句。whiledeveloping...是省略的状语从句，补充完整应为“whiletheyweredeveloping...”。[尝试翻译]妈妈布兰迪则在家中教两姐妹文化知识，这样才使她们既没有间断网球生涯，又能顺利地完成高中学业。Ⅰ.阅读理解AKnownas“Mahatma”(greatsoul),GandhiwastheleaderoftheIndiannationalistmovementagainstBritishrule,andwaswidelyconsideredthefatherofhiscountry.Hisbeliefofnon­violent(非暴力的)protesttoachievepoliticalandsocialprogresshasbeenveryinfluential.HewasbornonOctober2,1869inIndia.Afteruniversity,hewenttoLondontotrainasalawyer.HereturnedtoIndiain1891andin1893acceptedajobatanIndianlawfirminDurban,SouthAfrica.GandhiwasappalledatthetreatmentofIndianimmigrantsthere,andjoinedthestruggletogetbasicrightsforthem.Duringhis20yearsinSouthAfricahewassenttoprisonmanytimes.InfluencedmainlybyHinduism,butalsobywritersincludingTolstoyandThoreau,Gandhidevelopedthe“satyagraha”(devotiontotruth),anewnon­violentwaytocorrectwrongs.In1914,theSouthAfricangovernmentacceptedmanyofGandhi’sdemands.GandhireturnedtoIndiashortlyafterwards.By1920,GandhiwasanimportantfigureinIndianpolitics.HechangedtheIndianNationalCongressAgenda,andhisprogramofpeacefulnon­cooperationwiththeBritishwhichincludedboycotts(抵制)ofBritishgoods,ledtothearrestsofthousandsofpeople.In1922,Gandhihimselfwassentencedtosixyears’imprisonment.HewassetfreeaftertwoyearsandwithdrewfrompoliticsanddevotedhimselftotryingtoimproveHind­Muslimrelations,whichhadworsened.In1931,GandhiattendedtheRoundTableConferenceinLondon,astheonlyrepresentativeoftheIndianNationalCongress,butheresignedfromthepartyin1934toprotestitsuseofviolenceasapoliticaltool.HewasreplacedasleaderbyJawaharlalNehru.OnJanuary30,1948,hewasmurdered.语篇解读：本文介绍了甘地的人生经历。甘地是印度民族解放运动著名的领导人、非暴力不合作运动的倡导者。1．What’sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Gandhi’spoliticalbeliefs.B．Gandhi’schildhood.C．Gandhi’scollegeeducation.D．Gandhi’sgreatinfluence.解析：选D段落大意题。第一段主要介绍了甘地对印度的深远影响，因此选D项。2．Theunderlinedword“appalled”inParagraph2canbereplacedby“________”．A．shocked B．excitedC．tired D．amazed解析：选A词义猜测题。由“...joinedthestruggletogetbasicrightsforthem.”可推出该词意为“震惊的”。3．GandhididallofthefollowingthingsEXCEPT________.A．trainingasalawyerB．strugglingtogetbasicrightsinSouthAfricaC．helpingtomakeIndiaindependentD．changingtheIndianNationalCongressAgenda解析：选C细节理解题。A、B两项可以在第二段找到相应的句子，D项可以在第三段找到依据，C项文中没有提及。4．The“satyagraha”inParagraph2maybe________.A．aviolencetoolB．apoliticalleaderC．agreatbeliefD．awaytodealwithwrongthings解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段的“...Gandhidevelopedthe’satyagraha’(devotiontotruth),anewnon­violentwaytocorrectwrongs.”可知D项正确。BInthesummerof1936,JesseOwensjoinedthebestathletesfromfiftynationstopeteintheBerlinOlympicGames.Untilthen,veryfewblackathleteshadpetedintheOlympicsfortheUnitedStates.Owenswasproudtobeontheteam.Hewasverysureofhisability.OwensspentoneweekpetinginfourdifferentOlympictrackandfieldevents(田径项目).Andhewonfourgoldmedalsinallfourofthepetitions.Inthe100­meterrun,heequaledthefastesttimeeverruninthatOlympicevent.Inthelongjumpandthe200­meterrun,hesetnewOlympicrecords.Andaspartofafour­manteam,hehelpedsetanewworldrecordforthe400­meterrelayrace.HewasthefirstAmericaninthehistoryofOlympictrackandfieldeventstowinfourgoldmedalsinsingleOlympics.Owens’sOlympictriumphsmadehimahero.Hereturnedhometoparade(游行)inNewYorkandColumbus.Businessmenpaidhimfortherighttousehisnameintheirstores.Noone,however,offeredhimapermanent(固定的)job.Heworkedatsmalljobs.Heandhisfamilysawgoodtimesandbadtimes.PovertywasnotnewtoOwens.Hewasbornintoapoorfamily,buthewasluckythatheenteredaschoolwhereonewhiteteacher,CharlesRiley,tookaspecialinterestinhim.Heoftenbroughttheboyfoodandinvitedhimtoeatwithhisfamily.Andeverydaybeforeschool,hetaughtOwenshowtorunlikeanathlete.Owensalwaysrememberedtheteacherwhohelpedchangehislife.In1976,GeraldFordawardedJesseOwensthePresidentialMedalofFreedom.ThisisthehighesthonoranAmericancivilian(平民)canreceive.JesseOwensdiedofcancerin1980,attheageof67.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了著名运动员欧文斯在奥运比赛中所取得的成绩以及他之前之后的生活状况。5．Owenssetnewrecordsinthefollowingeven________.A．the400­meterrelayrace B．the100­meterrunC．the200­meterrun D．thelongjump解析：选B细节理解题。文章第二段说明了他在100米比赛中平了在那个奥运赛事中的最快时间，说明他没有创造新的纪录，只是平了纪录。6．Theunderlinedword“triumphs”inParagraph3probablymeans________.A．challenges B．eventsC．styles D．victories解析：选D词义猜测题。第二段重点介绍了杰西·欧文斯在奥运比赛中所取得的成绩，该段说明他被当作一位英雄，其原因自然是他所取得的成绩，由此推断triumphs应该表示“胜利，成功”之意。7．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．OwenswastheonlyblackpersonpetingintheOlympicsfortheUSuntil1936.B．OwensenteredthreepetitionsintheBerlinOlympicGames.C．OwenslivedarichlifeaftertheBerlinOlympicGames.D．CharlesRileyhadagreateffectonOwens’ssuccessandlife.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知杰西·欧文斯的一位白人老师查尔斯·莱利对他产生了很大的影响，给他物质上的帮助，并教会他像运动员一样跑步，因而改变了他的一生。8．WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeusedtodescribeOwens?A．Fortunate. B．Confident.C．Generous. D．petitive.解析：选C细节理解题。通过阅读文章不难看出杰西·欧文斯是幸运的，遇到了一位很好的老师，并且他很自信并具有竞争性，但文章中没有谈到他很慷慨。CAmeliaEarhart’s(1897—1937)childhoodwasnotthetypicalgirl’s.ShelikednothingbetterthantoexplorethebanksoftheMissouriRiver,wheresheclimbedtreesandhuntedratswithherrifle(步枪).Shealsobuiltherownrollercoaster.inglifeoftheAmericanaviation(航空)pioneerisdramatizedinthemovieAmelia,whichisingoutonOctober23.AfterEarhartpaidapilot$1totakeherupforashortflyinhisplane,aviationbecameherloveandcareer.Asshelaterexplained,“Neverdothingsotherscandoandwilldo,iftherearethingsotherscannotdoorwillnotdo.”Earhartfoundherselfaflyingteacherandstartedtolearntofly.Shetookallsortsofjobstopayforthelessonsandtobuyasecond­handplaneonher24thbirthday.In1932,Earhartflewsolo(单独的)acrosstheAtlantic.Shebecamethefirstwomantomakethesolocrossing.Shealsomadeaflyingsuitforwomenandwentontodesignotherclothesforwomenwholedactivelives.“Nowandthenwomenshoulddoforthemselveswhatmenhavealreadydone—occasionallywhatmenhavenotdone—therebyestablishingthemselvesaspersons,andperhapsencouragingotherwomentowardgreaterindependenceofthoughtandaction，”shesaid.Whenshewasnearly40,Earhartwasreadyforafinalchallenge—tobethefirstwomantoflyaroundtheworld.However,inmid­flight,sheandhernavigator(导航员)disappearedinbadweather.Earhartwillbeforeverrememberedasabravepioneerforbothaviationandwomen.语篇解读：女飞行员AmeliaEarhart有着短暂但传奇的一生，她独特的性格和对人生的挑战精神给人们留下了深刻的印象。9．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．AmovieaboutEarharinglifehaseout.B．Earhartneverdidthingsotherscouldandwoulddo.C．Earhart’sloveforaviationcameaftersheflewaplaneforashorttime.D．InEarhart’sopinion,womenshouldthinkandactmoreindependently.解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第六段Earhart的话可知D项正确。由第二段可知电影还未上映，故A项不正确；B项的说法过于绝对；由第三段可知，Earhart并未亲自驾驶飞机，故C项不正确。10．Theunderlinedword“dramatized”inParagraph2means________.A．presented B．adoptedC．published D．created解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可理解为“电影《Amelia》表现了这位美国航空先驱者精彩的人生”，故A项正确。11．Fromthepassagewecanknowthat________.A．EarhartshowedmostinterestinadventuretripstotheMissouriRiverduringherchildhoodB．Earhart’sambitionwastoflyacrosstheAtlanticC．EarhartchallengedherselfconstantlyD．besidesflying,Earhartalsodesignedplanesandclothes解析：选C细节理解题。根据第七段可知，Earhart最后的挑战是成为第一个飞越全球的女性，故C项正确，B项不正确；A项说法不准确；由第六段可知Earhart并没有设计过飞机，故D项不正确。12．Youcanprobablyfindthisarticlein________.A．abooklet B．anewspaperC．aguidebook D．anadvertisement解析：选B推理判断题。本文通篇介绍了Amelia的故事，小册子、旅游手册和广告都不符合实际情况，故应选择B项(报纸)。Ⅱ.阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Hobbiesareanimportantpartoflife.Agreathobbywillallowyoutolearnmoreaboutyourself,andwillhelpyoutodeveloplifeskills.__1__Ifyou’rechoosinganewhobby,thefollow