中考英语被动语态专项练习题(附答案及详细解析)

中考英语被动语态专项练习题(附答案及详细解析)单项选择题1.Thiskindofcloth____well.A.washesB.iswashedC.willbewashedD.hasbeenwashed答案：A解析：某些表示事物特性的动词，如wash,sell,read,write等，用主动形式表示被动意义。本句表达“这种布很容易洗”，强调布本身的特性，所以用主动形式washes，故选A。2.Theproblem____atthemeetingtomorrow.A.isdiscussedB.willbediscussedC.hasbeendiscussedD.isbeingdiscussed答案：B解析：根据时间状语tomorrow可知，该句时态为一般将来时。又因为问题是被讨论，要用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是willbe+过去分词，所以选B。3.Anewschool____inourtownnextyear.A.buildsB.willbuildC.isbuiltD.willbebuilt答案：D解析：由时间状语nextyear可知，句子时态为一般将来时。学校是被建造，要用被动语态。一般将来时被动语态结构为willbe+过去分词，build的过去分词是built，所以选D。4.Thebook____byhimin1990.A.writesB.wroteC.iswrittenD.waswritten答案：D解析：根据时间状语in1990可知，句子时态为一般过去时。书是被写，要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，book是单数，用was，write的过去分词是written，所以选D。5.Thewindowsofourhouse____onceaweek.A.cleanB.cleanedC.arecleanedD.werecleaned答案：C解析：根据时间状语onceaweek可知，句子时态为一般现在时。窗户是被打扫，要用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+过去分词，windows是复数，用are，clean的过去分词是cleaned，所以选C。6.Theflowers____often.A.mustbewateredB.mustwaterC.mustwateredD.mustbewatering答案：A解析：情态动词must后接动词原形，花是被浇水，要用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态结构是情态动词+be+过去分词，water的过去分词是watered，所以选A。7.Look!Theclassroom____.A.iscleaningB.isbeingcleanedC.arebeingcleanedD.arecleaned答案：B解析：由Look!可知，句子时态为现在进行时。教室是被打扫，要用被动语态。现在进行时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+being+过去分词，classroom是单数，用is，clean的过去分词是cleaned，所以选B。8.Manytrees____inourschoollastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted答案：D解析：根据时间状语lastyear可知，句子时态为一般过去时。树是被种植，要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，trees是复数，用were，plant的过去分词是planted，所以选D。9.Thework____intwodays.A.willfinishB.willbefinishedC.hasfinishedD.hasbeenfinished答案：B解析：根据时间状语intwodays可知，句子时态为一般将来时。工作是被完成，要用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是willbe+过去分词，finish的过去分词是finished，所以选B。10.Theboy____bytheteacheryesterday.A.ispraisedB.waspraisedC.hasbeenpraisedD.willbepraised答案：B解析：根据时间状语yesterday可知，句子时态为一般过去时。男孩是被表扬，要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，boy是单数，用was，praise的过去分词是praised，所以选B。11.Thesong____bychildren.A.isoftensungB.wasoftensungC.singsD.hassung答案：A解析：句子表达的是一种经常发生的情况，时态为一般现在时。歌曲是被孩子们唱，要用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+过去分词，song是单数，用is，sing的过去分词是sung，所以选A。12.Thebridge____inthreemonths.A.iscompletedB.willcompleteC.willbecompletedD.hasbeencompleted答案：C解析：根据时间状语inthreemonths可知，句子时态为一般将来时。桥是被建造，要用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是willbe+过去分词，complete的过去分词是completed，所以选C。13.Theoldman____downbyacarlastweek.A.knocksB.knockedC.isknockedD.wasknocked答案：D解析：根据时间状语lastweek可知，句子时态为一般过去时。老人是被车撞倒，要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，oldman是单数，用was，knock的过去分词是knocked，所以选D。14.Thebooks____tothelibraryontime.A.mustreturnB.mustbereturnedC.canreturnD.mayreturned答案：B解析：情态动词must后接动词原形，书是被归还到图书馆，要用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态结构是情态动词+be+过去分词，return的过去分词是returned，所以选B。15.TheTVplay____already____.A.has;shownB.have;shownC.has;beenshownD.have;beenshown答案：C解析：根据already可知，句子时态为现在完成时。电视剧是被播放，要用被动语态。现在完成时的被动语态结构是has/have+been+过去分词，TVplay是单数，用has，show的过去分词是shown，所以选C。16.Thehouse____in1989.A.buildsB.builtC.isbuiltD.wasbuilt答案：D解析：根据时间状语in1989可知，句子时态为一般过去时。房子是被建造，要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，house是单数，用was，build的过去分词是built，所以选D。17.Thestudents____towearschooluniformseveryday.A.areaskedB.askedC.areaskingD.ask答案：A解析：句子表达的是一种常规要求，时态为一般现在时。学生是被要求穿校服，要用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+过去分词，students是复数，用are，ask的过去分词是asked，所以选A。18.Thefood____bad.A.smellsB.issmeltC.wassmeltD.smelt答案：A解析：smell在这里是系动词，意为“闻起来”，系动词没有被动语态，且句子描述的是食物现在的状态，用一般现在时，主语food是不可数名词，动词用第三人称单数形式smells，所以选A。19.Thelostboy____atlast.A.foundB.wasfoundC.hasfoundD.hadfound答案：B解析：男孩是被找到，要用被动语态。根据语境可知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，boy是单数，用was，find的过去分词是found，所以选B。20.Thestory____bythechildren.A.waslikedB.likedC.likesD.isliking答案：A解析：故事是被孩子们喜欢，要用被动语态。根据语境，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，story是单数，用was，like的过去分词是liked，所以选A。用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Theclassroom____(clean)everyday.答案：iscleaned解析：根据时间状语everyday可知，句子时态为一般现在时。教室是被打扫，要用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+过去分词，classroom是单数，用is，clean的过去分词是cleaned，所以填iscleaned。2.Manytrees____(plant)lastyear.答案：wereplanted解析：根据时间状语lastyear可知，句子时态为一般过去时。树是被种植，要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，trees是复数，用were，plant的过去分词是planted，所以填wereplanted。3.Thework____(finish)intwohours.答案：willbefinished解析：根据时间状语intwohours可知，句子时态为一般将来时。工作是被完成，要用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是willbe+过去分词，finish的过去分词是finished，所以填willbefinished。4.Theflowers____(water)now.答案：arebeingwatered解析：由now可知，句子时态为现在进行时。花是被浇水，要用被动语态。现在进行时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+being+过去分词，flowers是复数，用are，water的过去分词是watered，所以填arebeingwatered。5.Thebook____(write)byLuXun.答案：waswritten解析：书是被鲁迅写的，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，book是单数，用was，write的过去分词是written，所以填waswritten。6.Theproblem____(discuss)atthemeetingtomorrow.答案：willbediscussed解析：根据时间状语tomorrow可知，句子时态为一般将来时。问题是被讨论，要用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是willbe+过去分词，discuss的过去分词是discussed，所以填willbediscussed。7.Thehouse____(build)in1990.答案：wasbuilt解析：根据时间状语in1990可知，句子时态为一般过去时。房子是被建造，要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，house是单数，用was，build的过去分词是built，所以填wasbuilt。8.Thestudents____(teach)tosingasongyesterday.答案：weretaught解析：根据时间状语yesterday可知，句子时态为一般过去时。学生是被教唱歌，要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，students是复数，用were，teach的过去分词是taught，所以填weretaught。9.Theclothes____(wash)bymymothereveryweek.答案：arewashed解析：根据时间状语everyweek可知，句子时态为一般现在时。衣服是被妈妈洗，要用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+过去分词，clothes是复数，用are，wash的过去分词是washed，所以填arewashed。10.Theletter____(send)tohimtomorrow.答案：willbesent解析：根据时间状语tomorrow可知，句子时态为一般将来时。信是被寄给他，要用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是willbe+过去分词，send的过去分词是sent，所以填willbesent。11.Thework____(cando)tomorrow.答案：canbedone解析：情态动词can后接动词原形，工作是被做，要用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态结构是情态动词+be+过去分词，do的过去分词是done，所以填canbedone。12.Thetrees____(shouldprotect)well.答案：shouldbeprotected解析：情态动词should后接动词原形，树是被保护，要用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态结构是情态动词+be+过去分词，protect的过去分词是protected，所以填shouldbeprotected。13.Thewindow____(break)bytheboyjustnow.答案：wasbroken解析：根据时间状语justnow可知，句子时态为一般过去时。窗户是被男孩打破，要用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，window是单数，用was，break的过去分词是broken，所以填wasbroken。14.Thestory____(tell)againandagainbytheoldman.答案：istold解析：句子表达的是一种经常发生的情况，时态为一般现在时。故事是被老人讲述，要用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+过去分词，story是单数，用is，tell的过去分词是told，所以填istold。15.Thebooks____(mustreturn)tothelibraryontime.答案：mustbereturned解析：情态动词must后接动词原形，书是被归还到图书馆，要用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态结构是情态动词+be+过去分词，return的过去分词是returned，所以填mustbereturned。16.Thefood____(smell)delicious.答案：smells解析：smell在这里是系动词，意为“闻起来”，系动词没有被动语态，且句子描述的是食物现在的状态，用一般现在时，主语food是不可数名词，动词用第三人称单数形式smells，所以填smells。17.Thelostchild____(find)atlast.答案：wasfound解析：孩子是被找到，要用被动语态。根据语境可知，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，child是单数，用was，find的过去分词是found，所以填wasfound。18.Theplay____(put)oninthetheaternextweek.答案：willbeput解析：根据时间状语nextweek可知，句子时态为一般将来时。戏剧是被上演，要用被动语态。一般将来时的被动语态结构是willbe+过去分词，put的过去分词是put，所以填willbeput。19.Theshoes____(make)inthisfactory.答案：aremade解析：句子表达的是一种客观事实，时态为一般现在时。鞋子是被这个工厂制造，要用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+过去分词，shoes是复数，用are，make的过去分词是made，所以填aremade。20.Theroom____(paint)now.答案：isbeingpainted解析：由now可知，句子时态为现在进行时。房间是被粉刷，要用被动语态。现在进行时的被动语态结构是am/is/are+being+过去分词，room是单数，用is，paint的过去分词是painted，所以填isbeingpainted。按要求改写句子1.PeoplegrowriceinthesouthofChina.（改为被动语态）Rice________inthesouthofChina.答案：isgrown解析：原句是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，结构是am/is/are+过去分词，rice是不可数名词，用is，grow的过去分词是grown，所以填isgrown。2.Theybuiltanewbridgelastyear.（改为被动语态）Anewbridge________lastyear.答案：wasbuilt解析：原句是一般过去时，改为被动语态时，结构是was/were+过去分词，bridge是单数，用was，build的过去分词是built，所以填wasbuilt。3.Wewillplantmanytreesnextyear.（改为被动语态）Manytrees____________nextyear.答案：willbeplanted解析：原句是一般将来时，改为被动语态时，结构是willbe+过去分词，所以填willbeplanted。4.Theworkersarerepairingthemachine.（改为被动语态）Themachine____________bytheworkers.答案：isbeingrepaired解析：原句是现在进行时，改为被动语态时，结构是am/is/are+being+过去分词，machine是单数，用is，repair的过去分词是repaired，所以填isbeingrepaired。5.Thestudentsshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday.（改为被动语态）Theclassroom____________bythestudentseveryday.答案：shouldbecleaned解析：原句含有情态动词should，改为被动语态时，结构是情态动词+be+过去分词，所以填shouldbecleaned。6.Theteachergaveussomebooks.（改为被动语态）We________somebooksbytheteacher.Somebooks____________usbytheteacher.答案：weregiven;weregivento解析：原句是一般过去时，当间接宾语变为主语时，直接宾语不变，结构是was/were+过去分词，we是复数，用were，give的过去分词是given，所以第一空填weregiven；当直接宾语变为主语时，要在间接宾语前加to，结构同样是was/were+过去分词，books是复数，用were，所以第二空填weregivento。7.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendresses.（改为被动语态）Thelightgreendresses____________out.答案：havebeensold解析：原句是现在完成时，改为被动语态时，结构是has/have+been+过去分词，dresses是复数，用have，sell的过去分词是sold，所以填havebeensold。8.Thechildrenoftensingthissong.（改为被动语态）Thissong____often____bythechildren.答案：is;sung解析：原句是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，结构是am/is/are+过去分词，song是单数，用is，sing的过去分词是sung，所以填is;sung。9.Theywillholdasportsmeetingnextmonth.（改为被动语态）Asportsmeeting____________nextmonth.答案：willbeheld解析：原句是一般将来时，改为被动语态时，结构是willbe+过去分词，所以填willbeheld。10.Thepolicecaughtthethief.（改为被动语态）Thethief________bythepolice.答案：wascaught解析：原句是一般过去时，改为被动语态时，结构是was/were+过去分词，thief是单数，用was，catch的过去分词是caught，所以填wascaught。11.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.（改为被动语态）Thework____________intwodays.答案：canbefinished解析：原句含有情态动词can，改为被动语态时，结构是情态动词+be+过去分词，所以填canbefinished。12.Theworkersarebuildinganewhospital.（改为被动语态）Anewhospital____________bytheworkers.答案：isbeingbuilt解析：原句是现在进行时，改为被动语态时，结构是am/is/are+being+过去分词，hospital是单数，用is，build的过去分词是built，所以填isbeingbuilt。13.Theteacheraskedustocleantheclassroom.（改为被动语态）We____________cleantheclassroombytheteacher.答案：wereaskedto解析：原句是一般过去时，改为被动语态时，结构是was/were+过去分词，we是复数，用were，ask的过去分词是asked，asksb.todosth.变为被动语态时，to不能省略，所以填wereaskedto。14.Theyhaveusedthiskindofmachineforalongtime.（改为被动语态）Thiskindofmachine____________foralongtime.答案：hasbeenused解析：原句是现在完成时，改为被动语态时，结构是has/have+been+过去分词，machine是单数，用has，use的过去分词是used，所以填hasbeenused。15.Thestudentsmusthandintheirhomeworkontime.（改为被动语态）Theirhomework____________inbythestudentsontime.答案：mustbehanded解析：原句含有情态动词must，改为被动语态时，结构是情态动词+be+过去分词，hand的过去分词是handed，所以填mustbehanded。16.Thefarmersgrowwheatinthisarea.（改为被动语态）Wheat________inthisareabythefarmers.答案：isgrown解析：原句是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，结构是am/is/are+过去分词，wheat是不可数名词，用is，grow的过去分词是grown，所以填isgrown。17.Theworkersrepairedthecaryesterday.（改为被动语态）Thecar________bytheworkersyesterday.答案：wasrepaired解析：原句是一般过去时，改为被动语态时，结构是was/were+过去分词，car是单数，用was，repair的过去分词是repaired，所以填wasrepaired。18.Theywillinvitemanygueststotheparty.（改为被动语态）Manyguests____________totheparty.答案：willbeinvited解析：原句是一般将来时，改为被动语态时，结构是willbe+过去分词，所以填willbeinvited。19.Thedoctorisexaminingthepatient.（改为被动语态）Thepatient____________bythedoctor.答案：isbeingexamined解析：原句是现在进行时，改为被动语态时，结构是am/is/are+being+过去分词，patient是单数，用is，examine的过去分词是examined，所以填isbeingexamined。20.Thechildrenshouldlearnthesewordsbyheart.（改为被动语态）Thesewords____________byheartbythechildren.答案：shouldbelearned解析：原句含有情态动词should，改为被动语态时，结构是情态动词+be+过去分词，learn的过去分词是learned，所以填shouldbelearned。阅读理解Passage1Manyyearsago,peopleusedhorsestopullwagons(四轮马车).Today,fewpeoplestillusethem.Carshavetakentheirplace.Carsaremuchfasterandmoreconvenient(方便的)thanhorses.Butcarsalsocausemanyproblems.Oneofthebiggestproblemsisairpollution.Inbigcities,carsarethemaincauseofairpollution.Thepollutionisverybadforpeople'shealth.Tosolvethisproblem,manypeoplearetryingtomakecarsthatarelesspolluting.Onekindofthesecarsistheelectriccar.Electriccarsdon'tusegasoline(汽油).Theyaremuchcleanerthancarsthatusegasoline.Butelectriccarsarestillveryexpensive.Andtheycan'tgoasfarascarsthatusegasoline.Anotherwaytosolvethepollutionproblemistomakecarsthatuselessgasoline.Thesecarsarecalledhybridcars(混合动力汽车).Hybridcarsusebothgasolineandelectricity.Theyaremuchmoreefficient(高效的)thanordinarycars.Theycangofartheronlessgasoline.Buthybridcarsarealsoexpensive.Inthefuture,scientistsmayfindabetterwaytomakecarsthatarecleanandcheap.1.Whatdidpeopleusetopullwagonsmanyyearsago?A.Horses.B.Cars.C.Electriccars.D.Hybridcars.答案：A解析：根据文章第一句“Manyyearsago,peopleusedhorsestopullwagons(四轮马车).”可知，很多年前人们用马拉动四轮马车，所以选A。2.Whatisoneofthebiggestproblemscausedbycars?A.Noisepollution.B.Airpollution.C.Waterpollution.D.Lightpollution.答案：B解析：根据文章第一段“Butcarsalsocausemanyproblems.Oneofthebiggestproblemsisairpollution.”可知，汽车导致的最大问题之一是空气污染，所以选B。3.Whyareelectriccarscleanerthancarsthatusegasoline?A.Becausetheyaremuchfaster.B.Becausetheyaremoreconvenient.C.Becausetheydon'tusegasoline.D.Becausetheyareveryexpensive.答案：C解析：根据文章第二段“Electriccarsdon'tusegasoline(汽油).Theyaremuchcleanerthancarsthatusegasoline.”可知，电动汽车比使用汽油的汽车更清洁是因为它们不使用汽油，所以选C。4.Whatarehybridcars?A.Carsthatusebothgasolineandelectricity.B.Carsthatuseonlygasoline.C.Carsthatuseonlyelectricity.D.Carsthatareveryexpensive.答案：A解析：根据文章第三段“Thesecarsarecalledhybridcars(混合动力汽车).Hybridcarsusebothgasolineandelectricity.”可知，混合动力汽车既使用汽油又使用电力，所以选A。5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Scientistshavealreadyfoundabetterwaytomakecleanandcheapcars.B.Electriccarsaremuchcheaperthanhybridcars.C.Hybridcarscangofartheronlessgasoline.D.Carsarenolongerthemaincauseofairpollutioninbigcities.答案：C解析：根据文章第三段“Theycangofartheronlessgasoline.”可知，混合动力汽车用更少的汽油可以行驶更远的距离，所以选C。A选项与文章最后一句“Inthefuture,scientistsmayfindabetterwaytomakecarsthatarecleanandcheap.”不符；B选项文章未提及；D选项与文章第一段“Inbigcities,carsarethemaincauseofairpollution.”不符。Passage2Recyclingisveryimportantinourlife.Itcanhelpussaveresources(资源)andprotecttheenvironment.Therearemanythingsthatcanberecycled,suchaspaper,plastic,glassandmetal.Paperisoneofthemostcommonthingsthatarerecycled.Itcanbemadeintonewpaper.Recyclingpapercansavetrees.Everytonofrecycledpapercansaveabout17trees.Plasticcanalsoberecycled.Itcanbemadeintonewplasticproducts.Recyclingplasticcansaveoil.Glasscanberecycledtoo.Itcanbemadeintonewglassproducts.Recyclingglasscansaveenergy.Metalcanberecycledaswell.Itcanbemadeintonewmetalproducts.Recyclingmetalcansaveminerals(矿物质).However,notallwastecanberecycled.Somewaste,suchasfoodwasteandmedicalwaste,cannotberecycled.Thesekindsofwasteneedtobedealtwithinotherways.Inordertorecyclemorewaste,weshoulddoourbesttoreducewaste.Wecanusereusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags.Wecanalsousebothsidesofpaper.Wecanturnoffthelightswhenweleavearoom.Thesesmallthingscanmakeabigdifference.1.Whatcanberecycledaccordingtothepassage?A.Foodwaste.B.Medicalwaste.C.Paperandplastic.D.Alloftheabove.答案：C解析：根据文章第二段“Therearemanythingsthatcanberecycled,suchaspaper,plastic,glassandmetal.”可知，纸和塑料可以被回收利用，而文章第三段提到“Somewaste,suchasfoodwasteandmedicalwa