英语四级2017试题

英语四级2017试题

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofreadingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionA(15minutes)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Theconceptof"digitalcitizenship"isbecomingincreasinglyimportantinourinterconnectedworld.Itreferstotheresponsibleuseoftechnologybyanyonewhousescomputers,theInternet,anddigitaldevicestoengagewithsociety.Agooddigitalcitizenissomeonewhounderstandstherightsand___1___thatcomewithbeingonline.Theyknowhowtoprotecttheirpersonalinformation,respectintellectualproperty,and___2___withothersinarespectfulmanner,evenwhentheydisagree.Developingtheseskillsshouldstartearly.Schoolsplayacrucialrolein___3___studentsnotonlyonhowtousetechnologybutalsoontheethicalimplicationsoftheirdigital___4___.Forinstance,studentsshouldlearnto___5___thereliabilityofonlinesourcesbeforeusinginformationforschoolwork.Theymustalsobeawareofthepotential___6___ofcyberbullyingandthelastingimpacttheironlinepostscanhave.Parents,too,havearesponsibility.Byhavingopenconversationsaboutonlinesafetyandmodelinggoodbehaviorthemselves,theycanhelptheirchildrennavigatethedigitalworldmore___7___.Thisincludessettingreasonablelimitsonscreentimeandencouragingahealthy___8___betweenonlineandofflineactivities.Ultimately,beingagooddigitalcitizenisaboutusingtechnologytomakeapositive___9___ratherthananegativeone.Itempowersindividualstolearn,create,andconnectinwaysthatwerepreviouslyimpossible,whilealso___10___thewell-beingofthebroaderdigitalcommunity.Astechnologycontinuestoevolve,somustourcommitmenttofosteringresponsibledigitalcitizens.WordBank:A)balanceB)cautiouslyC)consequencesD)contributionsE)criticallyF)educatingG)evaluateH)impactI)obligationsJ)promotingK)securelyL)interactM)presenceN)privilegesO)wiselySectionB(25minutes)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.PassageOne_Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage._Theriseofthe"gigeconomy"–alabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs–hasbeenoneofthemostsignificantshiftsintheworkplaceoverthepastdecade.PlatformslikeUber,Airbnb,andUpworkhavemadeiteasierforindividualstooffertheirservicesonaflexiblebasis.Proponentsarguethatthismodeloffersworkersunprecedentedautonomy,allowingthemtochoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywork.Itcanprovidevaluableincomeopportunitiesforstudents,parents,orthoseseekingtosupplementtheirprimaryearnings.However,thisnewmodelcomeswithconsiderabledrawbacks.Themostglaringissueisthelackoftraditionalemploymentbenefits.Gigworkersaretypicallyclassifiedasindependentcontractors,notemployees.Thismeanstheyarenotentitledtoemployer-sponsoredhealthinsurance,paidsickleave,retirementplans,orunemploymentbenefits.Theirincomecanbehighlyunpredictable,fluctuatingwithdemand,platformalgorithms,andcustomerratings.Furthermore,theconstantpressuretobeavailableandmaintainhighratingscanleadtoburnoutandstress,blurringthelinesbetweenworkandpersonallife.Criticsalsopointtothepowerimbalancebetweenplatformsandworkers.Thetermsofservice,payrates,andjoballocationarelargelycontrolledbythecompanies,withlittleroomforcollectivebargaining.Whilegigworkoffersflexibility,itoftenshiftssignificantfinancialrisks—suchasvehiclemaintenanceforaridesharedriverorequipmentcostsforafreelancer—ontotheindividualworker.Asthegigeconomygrows,policymakersaregrapplingwithhowtoadaptexistinglaborlawstoprotecttheseworkerswithoutstiflinginnovationandflexibility.Someregionsareexploringcreatinganewcategoryofworkerthatfallsbetweenemployeeandcontractor,whichcouldgrantcertainbasicprotections.11.Whatisakeyfeatureofthegigeconomyaccordingtothepassage?A)Itguaranteesstableincomeforworkers.B)Itisbasedonlong-termemploymentcontracts.C)Itinvolvesworkthroughdigitalplatforms.D)Itismainlyforhigh-skilledprofessionals.12.Whatismentionedasanadvantageofgigwork?A)Comprehensiveemploymentbenefits.B)Strongjobsecurity.C)Freedomtodecideworkschedules.D)Highandstableincome.13.Whatisamajordisadvantageforgigworkers?A)Theyhavetoomuchpaidvacationtime.B)Theylackbenefitslikehealthinsurance.C)Theyareforcedtoworkfixedhours.D)Theyhavetoomuchbargainingpower.14.Theterm"powerimbalance"(Para.3)referstothefactthat________.A)workerscaneasilynegotiatetheirpayB)companieshavemostofthecontroloverworkconditionsC)workersbearnofinancialrisksD)governmentpoliciesfavorindividualworkers15.Whatisthecurrentresponsetothechallengesofthegigeconomy?A)Banningallgigeconomyplatforms.B)Ignoringtheissuesastheyareminor.C)Creatingnewworkerclassificationsforbetterprotection.D)Requiringallgigworkerstobecomefull-timeemployees.PassageTwo_Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage._Urbangardening,thepracticeofcultivatingfoodincities,isseeingaremarkableresurgence.Fromrooftopfarmstocommunitygardenplots,citydwellersaregrowingtheirownvegetables,herbs,andfruits.Thismovementisdrivenbyseveralfactors:adesireforfresher,morenutritiousproduce;concernsaboutfoodsecurityandtheenvironmentalcostoflong-distancetransportation;andagrowingawarenessofthementalhealthbenefitsofconnectingwithnature.Turningvacantlotsorunderutilizedspacesintogreenareascantransformneighborhoods.Communitygardens,inparticular,fostersocialinteraction,bringdiversegroupsofpeopletogether,andcanevenreducecrimebyincreasingcommunityoversightofpublicspaces.Forindividuals,theactofgardeningprovidesphysicalexercise,reducesstress,andoffersasenseofaccomplishment.Forchildren,itservesasanoutdoorclassroomwheretheycanlearnaboutbiology,ecology,andnutritionfirsthand.Despiteitsbenefits,urbangardeningfaceschallenges.Soilcontaminationfrompastindustrialuseisaseriousconcerninmanycities,requiringsoiltestingandremediation.Accesstolandandwatercanbelimitedandexpensive.Furthermore,notallplantsthriveinanurbanenvironmentwithpotentiallimitationslikepollution,limitedsunlightbetweentallbuildings,andspaceconstraints.Nevertheless,innovativesolutionsareemerging.Hydroponicsandaquaponics,whichgrowplantsinwaterwithoutsoil,aregainingpopularityinindoorsettings.Verticalgardeningmaximizeslimitedspacebygrowingplantsonwallsorstackedlayers.Manycitiesarenowincorporatingurbanagricultureintotheirofficialplanning,recognizingitsvalueforsustainability,publichealth,andcommunityresilience.16.WhatisNOTmentionedasareasonfortherevivalofurbangardening?A)Thepursuitofbetter-tastingfood.B)Theworryaboutclimatechangecausedbyfoodmiles.C)Theneedforpsychologicalwell-being.D)Thehighcostofsupermarketproduce.17.Whatisonesocialbenefitofcommunitygardens?A)Theyincreasethepropertytaxesinthearea.B)Theypromotesocialconnectionsamongresidents.C)Theyrequireverylittlecommunityinvolvement.D)Theyaremainlyusedbyprofessionalfarmers.18.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutgardeningforindividuals?A)Itisahighlyprofitablebusinessventure.B)Itcanbeasourceofphysicalandmentalrelief.C)Itistootime-consumingformostcitypeople.D)Ithasnoimpactonpersonalhappiness.19.Whatisamajorobstacleforurbangardening?A)Lackofinterestfromyoungergenerations.B)Difficultyinfindinggardeningtools.C)Potentialsoilpollutionproblems.D)Overabundanceofsuitableland.20.Howaresomeurbangardenersovercomingspacelimitations?A)Byonlygrowinggeneticallymodifiedcrops.B)Byusingmethodslikeverticalgardening.C)Bymovingtoruralareas.D)Byreducingthevarietyofplantstheygrow.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.中国书法(calligraphy)是一门独特的艺术，是中华文化的重要组成部分。它不仅仅是书写汉字，更是一种表达情感和个性的方式。书法家通过控制毛笔的力度和速度，创造出具有美感和韵律的线条。练习书法需要耐心和专注，有助于修身养性。今天，尽管人们越来越多地使用电脑和手机，书法仍然作为一门传统艺术被许多人学习和欣赏，它连接着过去与现在。---AnswerKeyPartIWriting(SampleAnswer)Readingabilityisfundamentaltoacademicsuccessandlifelonglearning.Itisnotmerelyaboutdecodingwordsbutaboutcomprehending,analyzing,andengagingwithtexts.Astrongreadingabilityenablesustoaccessvastknowledge,developcriticalthinking,andunderstanddiverseperspectives.Todevelopthiscrucialskill,consistentpracticeisessential.Startbyreadingmaterialsthatgenuinelyinterestyou,whichmakestheprocessenjoyable.Gradually,challengeyourselfwithmorecomplextexts.Activereadingstrategiesarekey:previewheadings,askquestionswhilereading,summarizeparagraphs,andlookupunfamiliarwords.Joiningabookclubcanalsoprovidemotivationanddeeperinsightsthroughdiscussion.Mostimportantly,makereadingadailyhabit.Even20-30minutesoffocusedreadingcansignificantlyimproveyourabilityovertime.Byinvestinginyourreadingskills,youinvestinyourpersonalandintellectualgrowth.PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.I)obligations2.L)interact3.F)educating4.M)presence5.G)evaluate6.C)consequences7.O)wisely8.A)balance9.H)impact10.J)