英语四级试题分数

英语四级试题分数

PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonthetopicTheImportanceofDevelopingCriticalThinkinginCollege.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.WriteyouressayonAnswerSheet.PartIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)istransformingourworldinunprecedentedways.WhileAIoffersimmensepotentialforsolvingcomplexproblemsandboostingefficiency,italsoraisessignificantethicalandsocial(1)______.Onemajorconcernisthe(2)______ofjobs.Asmachinesbecomecapableofperformingtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans,manyfearwidespreadunemployment.However,expertsarguethatAIwilllikely(3)______thenatureofworkratherthaneliminateitentirely.Itmay(4)______repetitivetasks,allowinghumanstofocusoncreative,strategic,andinterpersonalroles.Anothercriticalissueisalgorithmicbias.AIsystemslearnfromdata,andifthisdatacontainssocietalprejudices,theAIcan(5)______andevenamplifythesebiases,leadingtounfairoutcomesinareaslikehiringorlawenforcement.To(6)______thesechallenges,weneedrobustethicalframeworksandregulations.TransparencyinhowAIsystemsmakedecisionsis(7)______.Furthermore,investingineducationandretrainingprogramsisessentialtopreparetheworkforceforanAI-driveneconomy.Ultimately,thegoalshouldbeto(8)______AIasatoolthataugmentshumancapabilities,notonethat(9)______them.ThefutureofAIisnotpredetermined;itisshapedbythechoiceswemaketoday.Aresponsibleapproachrequirescontinuousdialogueamongtechnologists,policymakers,andthepublictoensurethispowerfultechnologyservesthe(10)______good.WordBank:A)automateB)challengesC)crucialD)displaceE)embraceF)harnessG)impactH)lossI)mirrorsJ)mitigateK)perpetuatesL)replaceM)replicateN)surpassesO)commonSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagefollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet.PassageOneQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theconceptofa"sharingeconomy"hasgainedtremendouspopularityoverthepastdecade,largelydrivenbyplatformslikeAirbnbandUber.Atitscore,itinvolvesindividualsrentingorborrowingunderutilizedassets(likeaspareroomoracar)ratherthanowningthemoutright.Proponentshailitasamodelthatpromotesefficientuseofresources,reduceswaste,fosterscommunityconnections,andprovidesflexibleincomeopportunities.Itisoftenseenasamoresustainableandsociallyconsciousalternativetotraditionalconsumerism.However,criticspointtoseveraldownsides.Theregulatorygrayareainwhichmanysharingplatformsoperatecanleadtounfaircompetitionwithestablishedindustries(likehotelsandtaxis)thatfacestricterrulesandhighertaxes.Therearealsoconcernsaboutsafetystandards,insurancecoverage,andtheprotectionofbothprovidersandusers.Moreover,whatbeganasapeer-to-peercommunitymodelcanevolveintoacommercialventuredominatedbyprofessionaloperators.Forinstance,manyAirbnblistingsarenowmanagedbycompanieswithmultipleproperties,shiftingawayfromtheoriginalideaof"sharing"apersonalhome.Furthermore,studiessuggestthatthesharingeconomymaynotreduceoverallconsumptionashoped.Theconvenienceandlowercostcanactuallystimulatemorefrequentuseofservices(morecarrides,moreweekendtrips),potentiallyincreasingenvironmentalimpact.Theeffectonurbanhousingmarketsisanothercontentiousissue,withsomecitiesblamingshort-termrentalsforreducinglong-termhousingavailabilityanddrivinguprents.11.Whatistheprimaryreasonfortheriseofthesharingeconomyaccordingtothepassage?A)Governmentpromotionandsubsidies.B)Technologicaladvancementsinassetmanagement.C)ThesuccessofplatformslikeAirbnbandUber.D)Aglobalshortageofresources.12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanadvantageofthesharingeconomy?A)Buildingstrongercommunityties.B)Creatingpart-timejobopportunities.C)Encouragingmoresustainableconsumption.D)Guaranteeinghighersafetystandards.13.WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutthecurrentstateofmanyAirbnblistings?A)Theyaremostlyownedbylow-incomefamilies.B)Theyareincreasinglymanagedbyprofessionalbusinesses.C)Theystrictlyadheretotheoriginalpeer-to-peermodel.D)Theyfacefewerregulationsthantraditionalhotels.14.Whatisapotentialnegativeenvironmentalconsequenceofthesharingeconomymentionedinthepassage?A)Increasedproductionofdurablegoods.B)Higherenergyconsumptioninresidentialareas.C)Morefrequentuseofservicesleadingtogreaterresourceuse.D)Poorwastemanagementbysharingplatforms.15.Whatistheauthor'soveralltoneindiscussingthesharingeconomy?A)Stronglycritical.B)Enthusiasticallysupportive.C)Objectivelyanalytical.D)Indifferentandunconcerned.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillreadapassage.Afterthepassage,therearefivestatements.YoushoulddecidewhetherthestatementsareTrue(T),False(F),ortheinformationisNotGiven(NG).MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheet.PassageTwoThephenomenonof"urbanheatislands"(UHIs)referstometropolitanareasthataresignificantlywarmerthantheirsurroundingruralregions.Thetemperaturedifferenceisprimarilyduetohumanactivitiesandthemodificationoflandsurfaces.Concrete,asphalt,andbuildingsabsorbandretainheatduringthedayandreleaseitslowlyatnight,unlikevegetationwhichprovidescoolingthroughshadeandevaporation.ThecausesofUHIsaremultifaceted.Reducedvegetationincitiesmeanslessshadeandlesscoolingfromevapotranspiration.Darksurfaceslikeroadsandrooftopshavelowalbedo,meaningtheyabsorbmostsolarradiationinsteadofreflectingit.Wasteheatfromvehicles,industrialprocesses,andairconditioningunitsaddssubstantialthermalenergytotheair.Thetall,densebuildingsincitycentersalsotrapheatandblockwind,reducingnaturalcooling.Theeffectsareconsiderable.Highertemperaturesincreaseenergydemandforcooling,raiseairconditioningcosts,andworsenairpollutionbyfacilitatingtheformationofground-levelozone.Heat-relatedillnessesandfatalitiescanrise,particularlyamongvulnerablepopulationsliketheelderly.UHIsalsoimpactlocalweatherpatternsandwaterqualitybywarmingstormwaterrunoff.Mitigationstrategiesincludeincreasingurbangreenerythroughparksandgreenroofs,usingreflectiveor"cool"materialsforpavementsandbuildings,improvingenergyefficiencytoreducewasteheat,andpromotingurbandesignsthatenhanceairflow.16.Urbanheatislandsarecausedbynaturalgeographicalfeaturesratherthanhumanactivities.17.Vegetationinruralareashelpslowertemperaturesthroughshadingandwaterevaporation.18.Tallbuildingscancontributetotheurbanheatislandeffectbypreventingheatfromescaping.19.TheprimaryeconomicimpactofUHIsmentionedisthedamagetoinfrastructurefromheatexpansion.20.UsingbuildingmaterialsthatreflectmoresunlightissuggestedasawaytomitigateUHIs.PartIIITranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtotranslateaparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet.中国书法（calligraphy）是一门独特的传统艺术，已有三千多年的历史。它不仅是沟通的工具，更被视为一种高层次的艺术形式和精神修养的途径。书法家通过毛笔、墨、纸和砚台（inkstone）来创作，每一笔都体现了艺术家的情感、品格和文化底蕴。练习书法需要极大的耐心和专注，有助于陶冶情操、净化心灵。如今，尽管书写方式发生了巨大变化，书法仍然深受人们喜爱，并在全球范围内吸引着越来越多的爱好者。---AnswerSheetPartIWriting(略，考生在此作答)PartIIReadingComprehensionSectionA1.___2.___3.___4.___5.___6.___7.___8.___9.___10.___SectionB11.___12.___13.___14.___15.___SectionC16.___17.___18.___19.___20.___PartIIITranslation(略，考生在此作答)---AnswersandScoringReferencePartIWriting(15%oftotalscore)(ScoringwouldbebasedonCET-4writingrubrics,evaluatingcontent,organization,language,andappropriateness.)PartIIReadingComprehension(35%oftotalscore)SectionA(10questions,1%each)1.B)challenges2.H)loss3.G)impact4.A)automate5.M)replicate6.J)mitigate7.C)crucial8.F)harness9.L)replace10.O)commonSectionB(5questions,2%each)11.C)ThesuccessofplatformslikeAirbnbandUber.12.D)Guaranteeinghighersafetystandards.13.B)Theyareincreasinglymanagedbyprofessionalbusinesses.14.C)Morefrequentuseofservicesleadingtogreaterresourceuse.15.C)Objectivelyanalytical.SectionC(5statements,2%each)16.F(Thepassagestatesitis"primarilyduetohumanactivities.")17.T(Thisisimpliedbythecontrastwithurbanareasandthedescriptionofvegetation'scoolingeffects.)18.T("trapheatandblockwind")19.F(Thementionedeconomicimpactisincreasedenergydemand