2025~2026学年浙江省杭州市滨江区杭州第二中学第一学期高一年级上学期期末考试英语试卷

2025~2026学年浙江省杭州市滨江区杭州第二中学第一学期高一年级上学期期末考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Theskywasamercilessbronzebowl,andtheearthbelowhadcrackedintoapatternofdespair.Fourteen-year-oldWilliamKamkwambawatchedhisfather,Trywell,stareatthedeadcornfields—notwithanger,butwiththequietagonyofamanwhosewisdomhadbeensurpassedbyachangingworld.Schoolwasamemorynow;thefamily’ssavingshadevaporatedformaize(玉米)thatdidn’tlast.Drivenbyarestlessnessthathungercouldn’tdull,Williambeganhaunting(频频出入)thevillage’ssmall,abandonedlibrary.Theotherboyslaughed;bookscouldn’tfillabelly.There,inafrayedAmericantextbookcalledUsingEnergy,hefoundapicturethatignitedhismind:atalltowerwithspinningblades(旋转的叶片),Itcouldmakeelectricityandpumpwater.Water.Thewordwasaspell(魔咒),Ifawindmillcouldpumpwater,itcouldirrigatefields.Itcoulddefeatthedrought.William’slaboratorywasthefamily’sbackyard;hismaterials,thediscardedbones(丢弃的残骸)ofabrokenworld:aworngenerator,therustytractorfan,plasticpipe,woodenpolessavedfromabluegumtree.Hisfirstattemptswereridiculousfailures,thebladescollapsinglikewoundedbirds.Thevillagewhispersgrew.“Masanfa,”theymurmured—madness.Evenhisfather,seeingprecioustimespenton“toys”whilethefamilystarved,orderedhimtostop.William’smomentoftruthcamenotinresistance,butinsilentdemonstration.Oneevening,ashisfathersatindefeatedsilence,Williamledhimtotheyard.Heconnectedthedynamo(发电机)toasmallbulb,thengavethefanamightyspin.Aflicker,thenasteady,miraculousglowpiercedthedusk.Nowordswereneeded.Trywellsawnotatoy,butalifeline.Thenextday,fatherandsonworkedside-by-side.Theydraggedthetallestpoletothehill.Whenthefinalboltwastightenedandthewindcaughttheblades,acollectivegasprosefromthevillagerswhohadcometowatch.Thecreakingstructuregroanedtolife.Dayslater,water,clearandimpossible,begantricklingfromthepipeintothedrysoil.WilliamKamkwambadidnotsimplybuildamachine.Hebuiltafuturefromscraps,provingthatthemostpowerfulresourceinanystrugglinglandisnotintheground,butinthemind.1.WhatinitiallymotivatedWilliamtoseekasolutioninthelibrary?

A．Adesiretoreturntoschoolandcontinuehisformaleducation.B．Thesightofhisfather’ssilentdespairoverthefailingcrops.C．Peerpressurefromothervillageboystofindanewidea.D．Instructionsfromagovernmentagriculturalbrochure.2.WhydidWilliam’sneighborsandfatherdoubthiswindmillproject?

A．Theyhadtriedandfailedtobuildwindmillsmanytimesbefore.B．Theysawhiseffortsasawastefuldistractionfromsurvivalneeds.C．Theybelievedthelibrarybookswerecursedandbroughtbadluck.D．Theythoughthetriedtotakeoverhisfather’sroleasthefamilyhead.3.WhichofthefollowingbestshowsWilliam’smomentoftruthinPara.3?

A．Afinalstepbeforehecouldstartlarge-scaleconstruction.B．Apersonalvictoryhewantedtokeepsecretfromthevillage.C．Asilent,powerfuldisplaythattransformeddoubtintosupport.D．Ascientificvictorythatprovedhistheoreticalcalculationscorrect.4.WhichproverbbestmatchesWilliam’sstory?

A．Manyhandsmakelightwork.B．Necessityisthemotherofinvention.C．Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.D．Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyhatch.TheUnseenGuardians:HowBatsShapeOurEcosystemsBats,oftenmisunderstoodandfeared,areinfactirreplaceableguardiansofglobalecosystems.Representingover20%ofallmammalspecies,theirrolesareasdiverseastheyarecritical.Thevastmajorityareinsect-eaters,actingasnature’spestcontrol.Asinglelittlebrownbatcanconsumeupto1,000mosquito-sizedinsectsinonehour,protectingcropsandreducingdiseasetransmission.Intropicalanddesertregions,nectar-feedingbatsarevitalpollinators(授粉者)forover500plantspecies,includingagave—thesourceoftequila(龙舌兰酒)andmanyfruits.Meanwhile,fruitbatsareimportantseeddispersers;theyswallowseedswhileeatingfruitanddepositthemfarfromtheparenttree,aidingforestregenerationacrossclearedlands.However,theseguardiansfaceanuncertainfuture.Habitatlossduetodeforestation,disturbanceofrestingsites,andwidespreadpesticide(杀虫剂)usethatdestroysmostoftheirinsectfoodareseverethreats.AdevastatingfungaldiseasecalledWhite-noseSyndromehaskilledmillionsofbatsinNorthAmericasince2006.Furthermore,slowreproductionrates(mostspecieshaveonlyonebabybatperyear)slowdownpopulationrecovery.Conservationeffortssaremany-sided.Protectingcrucialhabitatslikecavesandforestsisfundamental.Installing“batboxes”providesalternativeroosts(栖息处).Publiceducationcampaignsaimtodispelmythsandhighlightbats’benefits,turningfearintoappreciation.Scientistsarealsostudyingbatimmunesystems,whichmayholdcluesforcombatingdiseaseslikeWhite-NoseSyndrome.Thesurvivaloftheseunseenguardiansisnotjustaboutsavingbats;it’saboutpreservingthecomplexbalanceoftheecosystemsthatsustainusall.5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A．Tolistallthebatspeciesfacingextinction.B．Tocomparedifferentconservationstrategiesforbats.C．Toexplainthecrucialecologicalrolesplayedbybats.D．Todescribethemajorthreatstobatpopulationsworldwide.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispersers”meaninPara.2?

A．Animalsmainlyfeedingonfruitandseeds.B．Creaturesspreadinginfectiousdiseasesbetweenplants.C．Creatureshelpingforestsexpandthroughscatteringseeds.D．Animalsbeingfondofcollectingsmallitemsfortheyoung.7.Accordingtothetext,whichismentionedasadirectthreattobats?

A．Reducedfoodsupplyduetopesticides.B．Illegalhuntingforcommercialpurposes.C．Decreaseinnaturalwatersourcesfordrinking.D．Destructionofbatmigrationroutesbystrongwinds.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetextaboutbatconservation?

A．Itreliessimplyongovernmentactionsandstrictlaws.B．Itfocusesmainlyonbreedingprogramstoincreasetheirnumbers.C．Ithasbeensosuccessfulthatmostbatspeciesarenolongerendangered.D．Itinvolvesbothphysicalprotectionandthechangeofhumanperceptions.Someofthe17millionAmericanssufferingfrommajordepressivedisordermaysoonreceiveasurprisingnewsuggestionfromtheirdoctors:Havefunonavirtualreality(VR)device.“Depressionimpactssomanypeoplerightnow,andwethoughtVRcouldhavealargeimpact,”saidBullock,founderofStanford’sNeurobehavioralClinicandVirtualRealityprogram.“Therecanbesignificantbarrierstobehavioralactivation(行为激活)insomepatients—theymightbestuckinahospitalbed,orhavenomeanstoinvolvethemselvesinenjoyableactivitieslikegettingoutside,exercisingandvolunteering.Westartedwonderingwhethersimulated(模拟的)pleasantactivitiescouldbeagoodfirststepforthem.”ThestudybyBullock’steam,publishedinJMIRMentalHealth,followed26peoplewithmajordepressivedisorder.Halfweretoldtoplanandtakepartinreallifeactivitieslikegoingonoutingsintheircommunityorsocializingwithfriends.Theotherhalfusedavirtualrealityheadsettoparticipateinactivitiesrangingfromtabletennistotouringforeigncitiesorattendingshows.Afterfourweeks,peopleinbothgroupssawadecreaseintheirsymptomsofdepressionandtheirdepressionratingbysimilaramounts.“Peoplewhomightotherwisehavebarrierstogettingtreatmentmightbeopentousingthistechnologyintheirownhomes,”saidMargotPaul,aprofessorofmentalandbehavioralsciences.BullockbelievesthecostandeaseofmanyVRplatforms—especiallythosethathavemobilephonesputintocheapcardboardheadsets—makeitaneasytreatmenttopromote.Theteamsayslargerandlonger-termstudiesareneededtofindthebestwaystopracticevirtualbehavioralactivation,aswellaswhichpatientpopulationsmightbebesttargetedwiththeVRtreatment.TheyalsothinkmoreeffortsareneededtoinformdoctorsabouthowtopracticeVRbehavioralactivationappropriately.9.Whatisthebenefitofusingvirtualrealitytotreatdepression?

A．Itprovideseasieraccesstomood-liftingactivities.B．Itincreasespublicawarenessregardingdepression.C．Itmotivatesthosewithseriousdepressiontogetout.D．Itismoreeffectivethantakingpartinreallifeactivities.10.What’sMargotPaul’sattitudetowardstheVRtreatment?

A．Unclear.B．Favorable.C．Doubtful.D．Negative.11.Whatmightthefollow-upstudyfocuson?

A．CuttingdownonthecostofVRtreatment.B．ExploringhowVRliftsthepatient’spirits.C．PuttingtheVRtreatmentintopracticaluse.D．EncouragingdoctorstoadoptVRtreatment.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．VR—asimpletooltotreatdepressionB．VR—asharedworldwithoutfrontiersC．VR—areplacementfortraditionaldrugsD．VR—atechnologytakingtheworldbystormTheconnectionwebuildwithourpetscansometimesbehardtounderstandfromtheoutside.Whenafriendcomesover,theymightfinditoddthewaywetalktoourdogorthinkitissillytoputhiswaterbowlinthemostinconvenientspotinthehouse.13Wepetownersknowourcatsanddogsoffermorethanjustcompany—theygiveuscomfortandadeepsenseofemotionalsupport.Inaworldthatoftenfeelsbusy,petsaregoodatkeepingusinthepresentmoment.They’realwaystheretogreetusatthedoor,sleepnexttous,andplay.14Justasimpleactofpettingthemcanreducestressandincreasethe“happinesshormone”.Inchallengingtimes,suchasthelossofalovedone,abadbreakuporaroughtimeatwork,wemayfeeldown.15Whethertheylickyourtearsaway,offercomfortorevenmakeamessinthehousethatinevitablykeepsyourmindoffthings,theirpresencecanhelpkeepyouemotionallyengagedandpresent.16Afteradoptingone,you’resuddenlyresponsibleforkeepingasmallcreaturealive.Thismightsoundabitdramatic,weknow,butlet’sbereal;that’showmostpetownersfeelatfirst!However,onceyougetusedtotheidea,yourealizeyoucanfeedanotherlittlebeingconfidently.Thatissomethingreallybeneficialforpetowners.Inourfast-pacedworld,havingapetcanbeatrueanchorforbuildingabalancedlifestyle.Ourfurryfriendshelpuscreateandsticktoaroutine.17Moreover,caringforpetsdevelopsresponsibilityandstructure,teachingownerstoprioritizeself-carealongsideworkoracademicdemands.

A．Well,that’showhelikesit!B．Havingapetcomeswithresponsibilities.C．However,apetcanmakeallthedifference.D．Owningapetcanaidinboostingyourconfidence.E．Mostpetownersfindtheirpresenceincrediblypleasant.F．Forexample,adog’sdailywalkenforcesphysicalactivity.G．G.Settingasidetimeforourpethelpstocultivateaclosebond.二、完形填空Duringaworkbreaklastspring,IwascheckingmyFacebookwhenInoticedafriendrequestamongthenotificationswhenIlookedmoreclosely,Iwas________toseemygrandmother’spicturenexttoit.“BarbaraHaywoodsentyouafriendrequest,”thenotificationstated.Atfirst,Ithoughtitwasa________butthenIstartedtowonderifsomeonehadopenedanaccountinhername.Icalledmymom.“IhaveafriendrequestfromMammie.Isitreallyher?”Iasked.“Itis,”mymom________.ShesaidmyuncleBusterhadhelpedhersetuptheaccount.“Thatissoamazing,”Isaid.ImmediatelyIwroteawelcomemessageonmygrandmother’spage.MammielearnedaboutFacebook________.Shefirstjust“liked”familypictures.Afterawhile,she________howtocomment.Herproficiencyisn’twhatmatters.It’sthefactthateverydaysheisonsocialmediaandhas________accesstopicturesofherfamilythatmatters.Ourlargefamilylivesfairlyclose,butweall________busylives.ThoughweinviteMammietoevents,herlackofmobility________herattendance.NowwithFacebook,shedoesn’tmissathing.Shekeepsupwiththelatestfamily________andviewsvacationpictures.However,shehasaspecialwayofcommenting.Shecallsusallherlittlebabiesandalways________hercomments,“Love,Mammie.”AfriendaskedmetheotherdayifIwould________herthatsheneedn’tleavehersignature.“Isureamnot,”Itoldmyfriend.“Shecanuseithowevershewants.I’mnot________asinglethingshedoes.”Herunique________makeshermorebelovedinoureyes.Forme,Mammie’sFacebookpageisa________thattechnologymattersmostwhenithelpspeoplelikeherfeel________,loved,andclosetofamily.18.A．relievedB．disappointedC．astonishedD．ashamed19.A．expectationB．blessingC．proofD．joke20.A．doubtedB．explainedC．confirmedD．interrupted21.A．graduallyB．suddenlyC．frequentlyD．officially22.A．gaveupB．figuredoutC．insistedonD．cameacross23.A．freeB．safeC．legalD．daily24.A．spareB．wasteC．leadD．save25.A．improvesB．limitsC．promisesD．examines26.A．recipesB．secretsC．trendsD．budgets27.A．signsB．writesC．deliversD．reads28.A．informB．blameC．encourageD．order29.A．sayingB．praisingC．changingD．remembering30.A．cooperationB．practiceC．managementD．belief31.A．quoteB．warningC．reminderD．notice32.A．satisfiedB．surprisedC．ignoredD．included三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式）。Haveyoueverwonderedwhatit’sliketobeamouseinspace?Recently,fourspecialmicecompleted33extraordinarymissionaboardChina’sspacestationalongsidetheShenzhou-XXIastronautcrew.Farfromordinarylabmice,theselittlepioneerswerecarefullyselected34aseriesoffunbutchallengingtests.Thefirststageassessedphysical35(fit),withthemice36(place)onaspeciallydesigned“exercisebike”,37theyhadtomaintaintheirpositionforasetduration.Thenextchallengefocusedonmotionsicknessresistance.Usingatwo-dimensionalrotating(旋转)device,researchershelpedthemiceadapttoconditionsthatcouldcausesspacemotionsickness.Ultimately,thefourbest-performingmiceearnedtheir“boarding38(pass)”tospace.Insidethespacestation,themicelivedinaspeciallydesignedhomewithcomfortabletemperaturesandcozyshelternests.Camerasshowedthemactivelyclimbing,eatingspacefood,andcuriously39(explore)theirnewenvironment—floatingincluded!Thesetinyastronautsarehelpingscientistsunderstand40livinginspaceaffectslivingbeings.Sincemicesharemanygeneswithhumans,studyingtheiradaptationinspacebringsusclosertoansweringbigquestions:Canhumansliveinspaceforalongtime?Howdoeszerogravitychangeourbodies?Aftertheirspacemission,themice41(return)safelytoEarth,bringingback42(value)data.四、单词拼写43.Thenumberoftheseanimalshasbeendecliningfordecades,pushingthespeciestotheedgeof_________(灭绝).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)44.I’llcalltherestauranttomakea_________(预订)underthenameofAdaminadvance.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)45.Thecompanyemployedan_________(适应的)strategytocopewiththechangingmarketconditions.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)46._________(灵感)isaquietsparkthatturnsordinarymomentsintobrightideas.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)47.Icontactedtheofficeto_________(向······提供最新消息)themontherecentdevelopmentsbeforefinaldecisionsweremade.48.Regularexercisecombinedwithabalanceddiethasprovedhighly_________(有利的)tobothphysicalandmentalhealth.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)49.Throughouthiscareer,hehasactedinstrict_________(遵从)tothelaw,refusingtoseekpersonaladvantage.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)50.Asmostpeoplepreferredsavingmoneyratherthanspendingit,theindustryfacedaseriouschallengeintryingtostimulatedomestic_________(消费).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)五、完成句子51.Thetreewasplantednearachurchfiftyyearsago,butitisonlyinrecentyearsthatithas______.(根据句意填空)52.Astheneighbourscomplainedofthenoise,myhusbandspentweekstraininghimto____________________________onthelatchtolethimselfin.(根据句意填空)53.AssoonasIwentoutside,IforgotallaboutMadamBellinskybecausemywife___________.(根据句意填空)54.Ofcourse,theHubbleisabovetheearth’satmosphere,soitwillsoonbesendingustheclearestpicturesofthe_______________________________thatwehaveeverseen.(根据句意填空)55.Theywereatthecorneroftheirownstreet,andNickhadbumpedintoher,completely______________________________(沉浸在自己的思绪中).(根据汉语提示完成句子)六、其他56.Toourleft,snow-coveredmountains_________________thatseemalmostcloseenoughtotouch.（根据句意填空）七、完成句子57.Atage50,shefoundherselfoutofworkand______________________withonlyhercomputertokeephercompany.(根据句意填空)八、书信写作58.假定你是李华，在新西兰一所高中做交换生。你们小组在学校举行的以“科技改变生活”为主题的海报设计大赛中获奖。请代表你们小组做经验分享，内容包括：1.创作过程；2.你的感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________九、书面表达59.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。InSydney,Australia,therewasawildlifesanctuary(野生动物保护区)named“BushHavenSanctuary”,nestledinthelushforestsontheoutskirtsofthecity.ThesanctuarycaredforavarietyofinjuredAustraliananimals,includingplayfulkangaroos,curiouskoalas,talkativeparrotsandfatwombats(袋熊).Itwasapopularspotforfamiliesandnaturelovers,whocametolearnaboutwildlifeconservationandinteractwiththegentlecreatures.However,asuddenoutbreakofaninfectiousplantdiseaseforcedthesanctuarytoclosetothepublicinearlyMarchthisyear,withtheclosureexpectedtolastatleastthreemonthstopreventthediseasefromspreadingfurther.Withoutthecrowdsofvisitors,thesanctuaryfellintoanunusualsilence.Theanimals,whichhadgrownaccustomedtothedailypresenceofhumans—theirlaughter,gentletouches,andcuriousquestions—nowonlysawthesanctuarystaff.Soon,strangechangesbegantohappen.TheyoungkoalanamedLila,whooncelovedclimbingontovisitors’lapstohavesomeeucalyptus(桉树)leaves,stoppedeatingproperlyandspentalldayhuddledinthecornerofhertreehollow,refusingtomove.Oneafternoon,afterthecaretaker