雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《医学生物化学（武汉）》单元测试考核答案

第1题Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutgeneisincorrect?()AstoresgeneticinformationBisinheritableCconsistsofaminoacidsDinstructsthesynthesisofproteinorRNA第2题WhatisthebasicstructuralunitofDNApackagingineukaryotes?()AcentromereBtelomereCchromatinDnucleosome第3题Whichofthefollowinggeneticpolymorphismmakesuseofrestrictionendonuclease?()ARFLPBSSRCVNTRDSNP第4题Whichofthefollowingstudiesevolutionaryrelationshipsamongspecies?()AepigenomicsBstructuralgenomicsCfunctionalgenomicsDcomparativegenomics第5题Whichofthefollowingisnotaresearchtopicofstructuralgenomics?()AdrawinggeneticmapBgenomesequencingCregulationofgeneexpressionDmappingtranscripts第6题Whichmapisthehumangenomeprojectfinallycomplete?()AgeneticmapBphysicalmapCtranscriptionmapDsequencemap第7题Whendoesthehumangenomeprojectofficiallylaunch?()A1984B1990C1999D2003第8题WhendoestheChinaPrecisionMedicineInitiativestart?()A2011B2014C2015D2016第9题Whichofthefollowingstatementaboutprecisiononcologyisincorrect?()AonedrugfitsallBpersonalizeddiagnosisCpersonalizedtreatmentD,treatmenthasbetteroutcome第10题Whichgenetictestingcanbeprescribedbydoctortoassessthemutationsinmultiplegenescausingepilepsy?()AsinglegenetestBpanelgenetictestCwholeexomesequencingDwholegenomesequencing第1题WhichoneofthefollowingisusedfortreatmentofDiabetesMellitus?()AGlucagonBInsulinCEpinephrineDGlucocorticoid第2题Muscleglycogencannotcontributedirectlytoplasmaglucoseisdueto()ALackofphosphorylaseBLackofglucokinaseCLackofglucose-6-phosphataseDMuscletissueistheorganstoringglycogen第3题Whichofthefollowingenzymesplaysanimportantroleinregulatingbloodglucoselevelsafterfeeding?()AGlucose-6-phosphataseBPyruvatekinaseCGlucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenaseDGlucokinase第4题Whatistheroleofinsulin?()ATheliverbecomesimpermeabletoglucosethroughtheactionofinsulin.BInsulinincreasesglucoseimportintoextrahepatictissuesusingvariousglucosetransporters.CInsulinstimulatesliverglucokinasewhichphosphorylatesglucoseonlyatlowglucoseconcentrations.DInsulinstimulatesglucoseuptakeintoliverevenwhenserumglucosebecamelow.第5题Amanconfineshimselftoaliquiddietwithminimalcalories.Whichofthefollowingwouldoccurafter4to5hours?()AIncreasedcyclicAMPandincreasedliverglycogenolysisBDecreasedcyclicAMPandincreasedliverglycogensynthesisCDecreasedepinephrinelevelsandincreasedliverglycogenolysisDIncreasedCa2+inmuscleanddecreasedglycogenolysis第6题Whichoneofthefollowingisnotincludedintheprocessofaerobicoxidationofglucose?()AglycolyticpathwayBtricarboxylicacidcycleCpentosephosphatepathwayDoxidativephosphorylation第7题Theactivityofmuscleglycogensynthaseinrestingmusclesisincreasedbytheactionofwhichofthefollowing?()AGlucagonBInsulinCEpinephrineDFastingandstarvation第8题Thebodymaintainsbloodglucosehomeostasismainlythroughtheactionof()AepinephrineandglucocorticoidBinsulinandglucocorticoidCepinephrineandinsulinDinsulinandglucagon第9题Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsistrueregardingtheuseofglucagon?()AItissynthesizedintheliver.BItissecretedinthepresenceofinsulin.CItinhibitspyruvateformation.DItinhibitsgluconeogenesis.第10题Whichoneofthefollowingdescriptionsconcerningtype2DiabetesMellitusisincorrect?()AObesepeoplearesusceptible.BFamilyhistoryofdiabetesiscommon.CCanbetreatedwithoralhypoglycemicdrugs.DCausedbyinsulinsecretiondeficiencyTGcatabolismandweightloss第1题Thekeyenzymeofmobilizationofstoredfatis()AHMGCoAsynthetaseBhormone-sensitivetriglyceridelipase,HSLCHMGCoAreductasesDlipoproteinlipase第2题Fatmobilizationcangenerate()AGlycerolB3-GlycerolphosphateC2,3-DiphosphoglycerateDGlyceraldehyde3-phosphate第3题A16-year-oldgirlpresentswithextremeslenderness.Herbodyweightis35%belowexpected.Shefeelsasthoughsheisobeseandseverelyrestrictsherfoodintake.Sheisdiagnosedwithanorexianervosa.Inthispatient,breakdownoffattyacidsisrequiredtoprovideenergy.Beforebeingoxidized,fattyacidsareactivatedinthecytosoltoformwhichofthefollowing?()ACoABFattyacylCoACCarnitineDMalonylCoA第4题Whatistheprimaryroleofcarnitine?()ATransportofacylgroupsacrosstheinnermitochondrialmembraneBIsconvertedtoenoylCoACIsinvolvedinbreakdownofeven-chain,butnotodd-chain,fattyacidsDActivateslong-chainfattyacidsinthecytosol第5题Therewillbemoreacetyl-CoAproducedinliverwhentherateofacyl-CoAoxidationisincreasing,theseacetyl-CoAwillconvertto()ACholesterolBKetonebodiesCFattyacidsDCitrate第6题Ifapersonstartschoosingaketogenicdiettoloseweight,whichoneofthefollowingismostlikelyoccurringinthisperson?()AIncreasedfattyacidsynthesisfromglucoseinliverBDecreasedconversionoffattyacidstoketonebodiesCIncreasedstoresoftriacylglycerolinadiposetissueDIncreasedproductionofacetone第7题Whichoneofthefollowingcomponentsisnottheproductionduringfattyacidβ-oxidation?()ANADH+H+BFADH2CAcetylCoADNADPH第8题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfatmobilizationiswrong?()ATriacylglycerolisthemainstoragelipidforfatmobilization.BUponfatmobilization,freefattyacidsandglycerolarereleased.CInsulincanpromotefatmobilization.DFreefattyacidsareanimportantfuelsource.第9题Whatarethecomponentsofketonebodies?()AAcetone,acetoacetate,andβ–hydroxybutyrateBAcetone,acetylCoA,andβ–hydroxybutyrateCAcetone,acetoacetate,andacetylCoADAcetylCoA,acetoacetate,andβ–hydroxybutyrate第10题Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutketogenesisisaccurate?AKetogenesisoccursinthecytosoloflivercells.

BKetogenesisoccurswhenthereisahighrateoffattyacidoxidationintheliver.CKetogenesisistheimportantsourceoffuelandenergyforliver,heartandbrain.DIncreasedfattyacidsynthesisresultsinincreasedketogenesis.Metabolismoffattyacidandfattyliver第1题Whichofthefollowingenzymeistherate-limitingenzymeoffattyacidsynthesispathway?()AacetylCoAcarboxylaseBfattyacyl-CoAsynthetaseCOlefinacylhydratased.fattyacyltransferaseDKetoacylsynthase第2题Whichenzymeisthekeyenzymeduringfattyacidsynthesisincytoplasm?()AHMG~CoAreductaseBAcylCoAsynthaseCcarnitineacyltransferaseIDAcetyl-CoAcarboxylaseEAcyl-CoAdehydrogenase第3题Whichoneisthecorrectdescriptionaboutfattyacidmetabolism?()AAdiposetissueisthemainsiteoffattyacidssynthesisBSynthesisismainlycarriedoutinmitochondriaCThemajorsourceofAcetyl-CoAisglucosemetabolismDNADHisrequiredtoprovidereducingequivalentsECarnitineacyltransferaseIisthekeyenzymeoffattyacidssynthesis第4题Themostimportantsynthetictissueofhumanendogenoustriglyceridesis?()AadiposetissueBLiverCmuscleD,kidneyDSmallintestine第5题Whichoneofthefollowingistheprecursorofprostaglandin?()APalmitateBLinoleicacidCLinolenicacidDCholesterolEArachidonicacid正确答案：E第6题Whichofthefollowingenzymesismostimportantinregulatinglipogenesis?()AAcetyl-CoAcarboxylaseBMediumchainacetyl-CoAdehydrogenaseCShortchainenoylreductaseDLongchainenoylreductaseE3-Ketoacylreductase第7题Whichofthefollowingcompoundscannotbesynthesizedinthebody,itmustbesuppliedbyfood()AArachidonicacidBValineCPhenylalanineDAcidicaminoacidsEHistidine第8题WhichofthefollowingcannotbesynthesizedorconvertedbyAcetyl-CoA?()AFattyacidsBCitricacidCKetonebodyDGlucoseECholesterol第9题Afterfindingthatinfants,particularlythosewithprematurity,arevulnerabletofattyaciddeficiencies,majormanufacturersbegansupplementingtheirinfantformulaswiththesecompounds.Whichofthefollowingisanutritionallyessentialfattyacidalongwithitsusualdietarysource?()AEicosapentaenoicacid—plantsBLinoleicacid—plantsCOleicacid—animalsDPalmitoleicacid—animalsELinolenicacid—animals第10题Inoneanimalexperiment,thematureratswereonlyfeedwithcarbohydratesandproteinsfor1month.Whichkindofcompoundislackingintherats?()ATriglyceridesBCholesterolCKetonebodiesDProstaglandinEoleicacidHyperammonemia第1题Inthepresenceofhyperammonemia,productionofwhichofthefollowingaminoacidsisalwaysincreased?()AGlycineBArginineCGlutamineDProlineEHistidine第2题WhichofthefollowingaminoacidsistheimmediateprecursorforureaandNO?()AGlutamineBGlutamateCHistidineDArginineEValine第3题Atwo-day-oldneonatebeginstohyperventilateanddevelopshypothermiaandcerebraledema.Urinalysisrevealshighlevelsofglutamineandoroticacid.TheBUNlevelisbelownormal.Whichenzymeismostlikelytobedeficientinthischild?()ACytoplasmicglutaminaseBCytoplasmiccarbamoylphosphatesynthetaseCCytoplasmicorotidylatedecarboxylaseDMitochondriacarbamoylphosphatesynthetaseEMitochondriaornithinetranscarbamoylase正确答案：E第4题Themainrouteforammoniainthebrainis()ASynthesisofglutamineBSynthesisofnonessentialaminoacidsCSyntheticureaDFormationofammoniumsaltsEDiffusionintoblood第5题Whichofthefollowingformsisammoniamainlytransportedintheblood?()AGlutamateBAsparticacidCGlutamineDAsparagineEGlutathione第6题Therate-limitingenzymeoftheornithinecycleis()ACarbamoylphosphatesynthaseIBOrnithinecarbamyltransferaseCArgininesuccinatesynthetaseDArgininosuccinatelyaseECarbamoylphosphatesynthaseII第7题N-acetylglutamicacidisanactivatorofwhichofthefollowingenzymes?()ACarbamoylphosphatesynthaseIBOrnithinecarbamyltransferaseCArgininaseDArgininosuccinatesynthetaseEGlutaminesynthetase第8题Intheornithinecycle,thesecondmoleculeofammoniausedtosynthesizeureaisderivedfrom()AFreeammoniaBGlutamineCAsparagineDAsparticacidEGlutamicacid第9题Whichaminoacidsthatpromotetheornithinecycle?()AAlanineBGlycineCArginineDGlutamicacidEAsparticacid第10题Themaincauseofammoniapoisoningis()ADysfunctionofrenalfunctionandexcretionBExcessiveintestinalabsorptionofammoniaCReducedsynthesisofglutamineDImpairedliverfunctionandinabilitytosynthesizeureaEEnhancedcatabolismofaminoacidsinthebodyPurinenucleotidemetabolismandgout课后练习第1题SimilaritiesbetweenCPSIandCPSIIincludewhichoneofthefollowing?()ANitrogensourceBRegulationbyN-acetylglutamateCRegulationbyUMPDIntracellularlocationECarbonsource正确答案：E第2题Goutcanresultfromareductioninactivityofwhichoneofthefollowingenzymes?()AHGPRTBGlucose6-phosphatedehydrogenaseCPRPPsynthetaseDGlutaminephosphoribosylamidotransferaseEPurinenucleosidephosphorylase第3题A2-year-oldboyisexhibitingdevelopmentaldelayandhasstartedtobitehislipsandfingers.Hisblooduricacidlevelishigherthannormal.Thischildhasaninabilitytometabolizewhichoneofthefollowingmolecules?()AThymineBAdenineCUracilDcytosineEHypoxanthine正确答案：E第4题Allopurinolcanbeusedtotreatgoutbecauseofitsabilitytoinhibitwhichoneofthefollowingreactions?()AAMPtoXMPBXanthinetouricacidCInosinetohypoxanthineDIMPtoXMPEXMPtoGMP第5题A37-year-oldmanpresentswithtophaceousdepositswithinthearticularcartilage,synovium,tendons,tendonsheaths,pinnae,andthesofttissueontheextensorsurfaceoftheforearms.Theseclinicalobservationssuggestthepatientissufferingfromwhichofthefollowingdisorders?()AADAdeficiencyBgoutCLesch-NyhansyndromeDpurinenucleosidephosphorylase(PNP)deficiencyEvonGierkediseaseEisseldomsevereenoughtoleadtothelevelofgoutydepositsobservedinthispatient.第6题ApatientwithvonGierke'sdiseasedisplaysthesymptomsofgout.Thismostlikelyoccursowingtotheoverproductionofwhichoneofthefollowingmolecules?()APRPPBAspartateCGlucoseDNADPHEUDP-glucose第7题Apatientwithornithinetranscarbamoylasedeficiencyexhibitsoroticaciduria.Thisoccursowingtowhichoneofthefollowing?()AActivationoftheregulatedstepofdenovopyrimidinebiosynthesisBBypassingtheregulatedstepofdenovopyrimidinebiosynthesisCInhibitionoftheregulatedstepofdenovopyrimidinebiosynthesisDActivationofPRPPsynthetasebycarbamoylphosphateEActivationoftheUMPsynthasecomplexbycarbamoylphosphate第8题PurinesandpyrimidinesarenecessaryforthesynthesisofDNA.Ofthesubstancesthatdonateatomstothepurinebaseandpyrimidinering,whichoneofthefollowingdirectlydonatesatomstoboththepurinebaseandpyrimidinering?()ACOBGycineCCarbamoylphosphateDAspartateEGlutamine第9题Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectconcerningpurineandpyrimidinemetabolism?()APyrimidines,whendegraded,yielduricacid.BExcesspyrimidinedegradationcanleadtogout.CPurinescannotbedegradedtogenerateenergy.DPurinesdegradetoCO2andwater.EAnexcessofurealeadstogout.第10题Allopurinolisusedtotreatgout.Thedrugisasuicideinhibitorthatleadstoareductionintheamountofuricacidproduced.Insteadofaccumulatinguricacid,whichothercompoundwouldaccumulateinthepresenceofallopurinol?()AHypoxanthineBRibose1-phosphateCIMPDGuanineEAdenineDNAdamage,repairanddisease课后练习第1题GeneticdefectsthatleadtothelossofHGPRTactivityaretheprimarycauseforwhichofthefollowingconditions?()AGoutBLesch-NyhansyndromeCOroticaciduriaDSeverecombinedimmunodeficiencyETay-Sachsdisease第2题DimersareformedbetweenthebasesafterDNAmoleculesdamagedbyirradiation,themostcommonformis()AC-CBC-TCT-UDT-TEU-C第3题Inthecharacteristicsofthecodons,theframeshiftmutationisrelatedto()AUniversalityBDegeneracyCWobbleDNon-punctuationandnonoverlappingEDirection第4题SomedamagescancausethebendofDNAdoublehelix,themainrepairmechanismis().AMismatchrepairBDirectrepairCNucleotideresectionrepairDBaseresectionrepairERecombinationrepair第5题ThedamageofDNAmoleculescausedbyultravioletradiationis()ABasesubstitutionBBrokencarbonatebondCBaselossDPyrimidinedimersformationEBaseinsertion第6题TherepairmechanismofDNAdamageismainlytargetedatsingle-strandDNAbreakageandsmallbasechanges,thatis().ABaserepairBDirectrepairCNucleardorsalacidresectionandrepairDBaseresectionandrepairEReconstructionandrepair正确答案：E第7题Xerodermapigmentedisakindofhereditaryskindiseaseofhuman,andtheskinofpatientsispronetodevelopintoskincanceraftersunlightexposure,themolecularmechanismofthediseaseis().ARapidwaterlossduetodefectivemembranepermeabilityBInactivatetemperaturesensitivetransferasesinsunlightCToxicprovirusesinducedbyultravioletradiationDCellscannotsynthesizecarotenoidcompoundsEdefectiveofDNArepairsystem正确答案：E第8题TypesofDNAdamagerepairmechanismsdonotinclude()ASplicingrepairBlightrepairCResectionandrepairDReconstructionandrepairESOSrepair第9题Thefollowingcancauseframeshiftmutation()APointmutationsBConversionofhomologousbasesCTranslocationofheteromorphicbasesDMissingEInsert3nucleotidesormultiplesof3nucleotides第10题A53-year-oldmanisreferredtoaneurologistbecauseheisbeginningtodevelopspasticlikemovementsinhislowerlimbs.Magneticresonanceimagingoftheheadshowslossofmassinthecaudatenucleus,andapresumptivediagnosisofHuntingtondiseaseismade.Thegeneticbasisofthisdiseaseisbestdescribedaswhichofthefollowing?()ATriplerepeatexpansionBNucleotidedeletionCPointmutationDTranspositionofgeneticmaterialEDNAmethylationGPCR-mediatedpathway课后练习第1题Thereceptorthatbelongstothemembranereceptoris()AEstrogenreceptorBGlucocorticoidreceptorCThyroidhormonereceptorDGprotein-coupledreceptor第2题Gprotein-coupledreceptorbelongsto()AIntracellularreceptorBSingletransmembranereceptorCmembranereceptorDTyrosinekinase-coupledreceptors第3题Whichoneofthefollowingdescriptionsconcerningthereceptorsisincorrect?()AReceptorsareabletorecognizeandbindtocorrespondingligandmolecules.BMembraneboundreceptorsconsistofanextracellulardomain,atransmembranedomain,andanintracellulardomain.CReceptor-ligandbindingarespecific,highaffinity,andinreversible.DReceptors