2026届广东梅州市梅江区梅县东山中学高三下学期开学考试英语试卷

2026届广东梅州市梅江区梅县东山中学高三下学期开学考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Manycountriesareconsideringreducingspeedlimitsonmotorwaysandinurbanareas.FuelsavingsandreductionsinCO2emissionsarejusttwoofthereasonsfordoingso.Fuelconsumptiondecreasesthesloweryoudrive,becausethemovingcarhastoovercomefewerphysicalforcessuchasairresistanceandrollingfriction(摩擦)betweentyresandroad.Airresistanceincreaseswiththesquareofthespeed.Thismeansthatacarexperiences28%moreairresistanceataspeedof130km/hthanat110km/h.SlowerspeedisnottheonlywaytoreducetheCO2emissionsfromyourcar.Therearethreeautomotivetipstohelptheclimateelse.STREAMLINETHECAR1.Unevenness(不均匀)increasestheairresistanceofyourcar,andsoitsCO2emissions.Fouropenwindowsincreasefuelconsumptionbyupto27%.GETUPTHEGEARS(齿轮)QUICKLY2.Petrolanddiesel(柴油)carsshouldalwaysbedriveninthehighestpossiblegear:theenginethenhasasfewrevolutionsaspossible.Fuelconsumptionbetweentwogearscanvarybyupto20%.MAINTAINTYREPRESSURE3.Cartyresattherecommendedpressureensureidealdriving.Ifthetyrepressuredropsto75%pressure,fuelconsumptionincreasesby2%.Ifitdropsbyhalf,theincreaseisasmuchas10%.Here’sthebreakdownoffuelconsumptionimpactofdrivinghabitsandvehicleadjustmentsfromtheFederationofDanishMotorists(FDM).1.Whydoesdrivingatalowerspeedhelpcutfueluse?

A．Itweakensthephysicalforcesthecarmustfightagainst.B．Itchangesthewayairresistanceaffectsthecar.C．Itlightenstheweightofthemovingvehicle.D．Itmakestheengineworkatahigherspeed.2.Whatwillhappenifacar’swindowsarewideopenwhiledriving?

A．It’lllowerthecar’sairresistance.B．It’llreducethecar’sCO₂emissions.C．It’llleadtoasharpriseinfueluse.D．It’llmakethecarrunmoresmoothly.3.Whatisthefuel-savingeffectofreducingspeedfrom130km/hto110km/haccordingtoFDMdata?

A．10%.B．16%.C．Upto20%.D．Nearly28%.InMarch2022,theEndurance—thelostvesselofthefamedpolarexplorerErnestShackleton—wasfoundinAntarctica,107yearsafteritsank.Thenewsmadeheadlinesaroundtheworld,notonlyfortheincredibleachievementofthesearchteam,butbecausethediscoverymarkedthefinalchapterinalegendarystoryofextraordinarycourageandperseverance.OnAugust4,1914,SirErnestShackleton,alongwithaskilledcrewof27,setsailontheEndurancetowardtheSouthPole,hopingtomakethefirstlandcrossingoverAntarctica.FromPlymouth,UK,theteamarrivedinBuenosAires,Argentina,andonNovember5reachedSouthGeorgiaIsland,thelastsettlementofcivilizationenroutetoAntarctica.There,therealchallengebegan.TwodaysafterleavingSouthGeorgiainDecember,theEnduranceencounteredfloatingice,andwassooncompletelytrappedinpackice.Theworthyvesselheldupforninemonths,driftingdownsouthslowlyandthenpushednorthwardbytheice.Gradually,thepressurefromtheicebuckledtheplanks.Freezingwaterrushedinandexacerbatedthesituation.OnOctober27,1915,Shackletonorderedhiscrewtoabandontheship,pitchingtentsontheiceamileandahalfaway.Weekslater,theywatchedtheEndurancesinkbeneaththeWeddellSea.Thenextfivemonths,thecrewcampedoutonthepackiceasitdriftednorth,survivingonpenguins,seals,andseaweed.Finally,theicebrokeupenoughforthemtoescapeinlifeboats.Forsevendays,theysailedmorethanahundredmilestotheuninhabitedElephantIsland.Butthecrewcouldn’tsurvivelongthere.So,Shackletonmadeadangerousattempttogethelp:Withfivecrewmembers,hesailed800milesover16daysacrossfreezing,stormyseastoSouthGeorgiaIsland.Thenthegrouphikedfor36hoursacrosstheislandtoreachawhalingstation.Helpwasalmostathand,buticeandbadweatherhinderedtheirreturn.OnAugust30,1916,ShackletonfinallygotbacktoElephantIslandwithashipbigenoughtorescuetherestofhismen.Allthemembersoftheexpeditionteamsurvived,buttheEnduranceremainedlostundertheseauntilitsdiscoveryin2022.4.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A．ArenownedAntarcticexplorer.B．TheextremeweatherinAntarctica.C．AchallengingvoyagetoAntarctica.D．Theamazingdiscoveryofasunkenship.5.Whichofthefollowingidiomsisclosestinmeaningto“exacerbatedthesituation”inthethirdparagraph?

A．Broketheice.B．Costanarmandaleg.C．Missedtheboat.D．Addedfueltothefire.6.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutShackletonandhisAntarcticexpedition?

A．Hisjourneylastedmorethantwoyears.B．HewasthefirstmantocrossovertheAntarctic.C．HisteamcampedoutonElephantIslandforfivemonths.D．Hesentfivecrewmembersonalifeboattogethelpfromawhalingstation.7.WhichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectrouteoftheEnduranceafterleavingSouthGeorgia?

A．B．C．D．Thesimpleactoflookingatapieceofvisualartcanboostyourwell-being,anewresearchstudyhasfound,andthisbenefitcanbegainedinahospitalsettingaswellasanartgallery.Previousresearchhassuggestedthatviewingartmightinfluencemoodorstress,buttheresearchwaslimitedandinconsistent.Thisstudyexamineddecadesofscatteredresearch,providingforthefirsttimeaclearandcomprehensiveoverviewofwhen,whereandwhyartviewingisusedtopromotewell-being.Thereviewof38previouslypublishedstudiescoveringatotalof6,805participantswasconductedbyteamofpsychologistsfromUniversityofVienna,TrinityCollegeDublin,andHumboldtUniversityofBerlin.IthasbeenpublishedthisweekinTheJournalofPositivePsychology.“Peopleoftenthinkofartasaluxury,butourresearchsuggeststhatviewingart,whetherasahobbyorasatargetedhealthintervention,canmeaningfullysupportwell-being,”saidMacKenzieTrupp,leadauthorandresearcherattheUniversityofViennaandRadboudUMC,DondersInstitute.“Byreframingartasalow-cost,accessiblewell-beingresource,thisresearchopensupexcitingpossibilitiesforintegratingartintoeverydayenvironmentsandpublichealthstrategies.”ClaireHowlin,AssistantProfessor,SchoolofPsychology,Trinity,added,“Whilethementalhealthbenefitsofcreatingarthavebeenwidelyexplored,theimpactofviewingarthasbeenunder-researchedandundervalued.Yetvisualartispresentandaccessibleineverydayspaces—museums,galleries,hospitals,andathome.Understandingitseffectscanunlocknewavenuesforpromotingwell-beingthrougheverydayencounterswithart.”“Since2019theWHOhasrecommendedthatcreativeapproachesareusedalongsideroutineclinicalcare.Artcansatisfypeople’sneedtosearchformeaninginlife,buildself-esteem,anddeveloppositiveidentitieswhichareimportantfactorsforcopingwiththechaosoflife.DepartmentsofhealthandartscouncilsacrossEuropearelookingforhighqualityevidencetoidentifywhichtypesofartscanbeusedforeachtypeofmedicaloutcome.Thisreviewwillhelptoplanlargerscalestudiesinthefuture.”8.What’sthemainfunctionofparagraph2?

A．Toprovidereferencesfortheresearch.B．Tointroducetheguidelinesoftheresearch.C．Tostresstheprofessionalismofthenewresearch.D．Tohighlighttheconsistencyofthepreviousresearch.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reframing”inparagraph3mean?

A．Designing.B．Redefining.C．Recognizing.D．Selecting.10.HowdoesClaireHowlinconsidertheimpactofviewingart?

A．Itcallsformoreattention.B．Itisaprivilegeoftherich.C．Itseffectsonwell-beingaredifficulttomeasure.D．Itcan’tbeintegratedintopublichealthstrategies.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．ArtFacilitatesPersonalGrowthB．ArtViewingImprovesWell-beingC．FamousArtworksBoostMoodMostD．ArtCreatingBenefitsMentalHealthForthefirsttimeever,apowerfullaser(激光)beamfromEarthhasreportedlyhitatargetdeepinspace.Itcouldbethekeytolightning-fastspacecommunicationinthefuture.Imaginetryingtoaimatsomethingadistanceofastrand(股)ofhairfromadistanceof10km.That’sroughlyequivalenttowhatChineseresearchershaveachieved,usingalaserinspacetotargetadistantsatelliteorbitingtheMoon.AerospaceengineersoftheBeijing-basedAcademyofScienceshavestruckasatellitewithaninfrared(红外)laserinbroaddaylightandacrossadistanceof130,000km.ThepowerfullaserbeamhitareflectoronTiandu-1,aChineselunarnavigationandcommunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchedinMarch2024:ThesignalwasreturnedtoEarthinlessthanasecond,capturedbyatelescopeinYunnaninSouth-WesternChina.Itisthefirsttimeeverthatengineershavemanagedtoaccuratelylocateandmeasureasatellitesofarawayandtodosoindaylight,whensunlightusuallyinterfereswithmeasurements.Insimilarearlierefforts,researchershadbeenabletocollectdataforonlyshortperiodsoftime.Butbydemonstratingthatthetechnologyalsoworksinsunlight,theresearchershavenowshownthatthemethodcouldenablemuchmorefrequentandaccuratemeasurementsinspace.Themethodcouldalsobeusedtorevolutionizecommunicationsinspace.CurrentlyweuseradiowavestosendmessagestoplacessuchasMars,butlaserscouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthesametime.Thetechnologycouldpavethewayforlightning-fastcontactwithfuturebasesontheMoon—andperhapsonedayonMars.StablelaserlinksinspacecanreportedlysenddatatoandfromEarthupto100timesfasterthancanradiowaves,perhapsanimportantboosttocommunicationwithfutureastronautsontheMoonandMars.12.WhatdidtheChineseresearcherssuccessfullymakethelaserbeamreach?

A．Alunarbaseunderconstruction.B．AMarsexplorationspacecraft.C．Areflectivedeviceonatestsatellite.D．AgroundtelescopeinYunnan.13.WhatmakestheChineseengineers’achievementparticularlyremarkable?

A．Locatingaso-distantsatellitepreciselyindaylight.B．LaunchingaMoon-orbitingsatellite130,000kmaway.C．GettingthesignalreturnedtoEarthinasecond.D．Usinganinfraredlaserforthefirsttimesuccessfully.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutradiowavesinspacecommunication?

A．TheyareunabletoreachMarsfromEarth.B．Theywillsoonbereplacedbylasertechnology.C．Theyhavelowerdatatransmissioncapacitythanlasers.D．Theyaremoreeasilyinterferedwithbysunlightthanlasers.15.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A．AHistoricLaserStrike:TargetingtheMoonB．Tiandu-1Satellite:BridgingEarthandtheMoonC．RadioWaves:TheFutureofSpaceCommunicationD．China’sLaser:ALeapforDeep-SpaceCommunicationTheLastLivingMonetEverywinter,theheadgardeneratClaudeMonet’sgardeninthetinyFrenchvillageofGivernysitsdowntoapileofseedlists’fordisappointment.Avisardknowshemustgrowatleast520,000plantstorecreatethesehistoricgrounds.Buteachyearatleast10seedvarietiesheselectedthepreviousseasonwilldisappear.16WhenMonetmovedtoGivernyin1883,nurseries(苗圃)werecoveredwithVictorianflowers.Manyofhisfavoredvarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeencompletelychangedaspeoplepreferbothharder(耐寒的)plantsandflowerswithever-increasingblooms.Thisseason,Avisardiscrazyaboutgrowingatallerpelargonium(天竺葵),aclumped-flower(簇状花)cousintothegeranium(老鹳草)thatMonetfamouslyplantedinseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse.“17”Avisardsays.“Tobringthembackwouldbearesurrection(起死回生).”Headgardenersince2016,Avisardnowleadsadozengardeners,twiceasmanyasMonetenlisted.18Wetterwintersfollowedbyhot,drysummersleadtoearliercrowdsofpests.Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge.19“It’scomplicated.”saysAvisard,“20”HeandGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermetbycreatingaspacesoidentifiablethatitremindsstrangersofpaintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover.Asseedsdisappear,thetaskonlygetsharder.“WewantpeopletolookoutlikeMonetandseewhathesaw.”

A．Youcan’tbuythemanywhere.B．Aswithfashion,people’stastesinflowerschange.C．ThetouristshavetofeelliketheyareinMonet’spaintings.D．Thesegardenersstrugglewithawildlychangingecosystem.E．Monet’sgardensymbolizesimpressionistartandnaturalbeauty.F．Hisworkincludesplanting,researchingandsourcingrareseeds.G．Nearly800,000visitorsflocktotheareaeveryyearbetweenAprilandOctober.二、完形填空Iaskedforawoodenbirdhousetohanginthebackyardasapresentformybirthday.Welivedinanold,_________neighborhoodwithlotsofbirds,andIwantedtowatchthemclose.Myhusbandmountedthebirdhouseontoatree,andwe_________.Nooneevercame.Itturnsoutthatbirdsare_________aboutwheretheylive.Morethanjustasimplehouse,theyrequiretheright_________.Therefore,inordertosatisfythemandme,Imadea(n)_________to-dolist:clearbushes,plantflowers,andsetupabirdfeederetc.Iwantedtocrosseverythingofffromthelistovernight,buttheprogresscameslowly.Yetasmyto-dolistgot_________,ouryardbegantotakeshape.Birdsbegantovisit—thoughnone_________long.Afterreadingchildren’sbooksonbirds,Ifurtherlearnedwhichfoodsattractwhichspecies,andrealizedthatcreatingabird-friendlyhabitatcouldhelpthemfaceclimatechange.Wealso_________alandscapertodesignagardenbedandasmallbutterflygarden.Westoppedusingpesticides,upgradedourbirdseed,andbecame_________customersatbirdshops.Beforelong,ourbackyardgrewlivelywithmorewingedvisitors_________.Inspired,wetookstepsto_________ouryardasawildlifehabitatthatattractedothercreaturesbesidesbirds.Myoncesadbackyardhasbecomeatiny_________—a“littlestatepark,”asonefriendcalledit.Theoriginal_________remainsempty.However,itservesasa(n)_________thatalthoughthingsdon’talwaysgoas_________,sometimestheyturnoutevenbetter.21.A．heavily-treedB．brightly-paintedC．thickly-foggedD．neatly-built22.A．returnedB．succeededC．quittedD．waited23.A．curiousB．confusedC．pickyD．excited24.A．momentB．decisionC．adventureD．atmosphere25.A．commonB．effortlessC．ambitiousD．temporary26.A．busierB．shorterC．nearerD．safer27.A．survivedB．movedC．competedD．stayed28.A．hiredB．recalledC．taughtD．presented29.A．ordinaryB．appealingC．regularD．affordable30.A．catchingonB．showingupC．breakinginD．runningout31.A．rememberB．stressC．praiseD．establish32.A．venueB．ecosystemC．circulationD．court33.A．birdhouseB．backyardC．neighborhoodD．habitat34.A．reminderB．concernC．blessingD．doubt35.A．createdB．noticedC．plannedD．informed三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthehustleandbustleofmodernlife—wherepeopleoftenchaseextremesuccess,argueoveropposingviews,36strugglewithwork-lifeimbalance—anancientChinesewisdomcalledthe“DoctrineoftheMean”(Zhongyong)offersapreciousguide.37(originate)fromConfucianism,thisphilosophyemphasizes“moderation,”“balance,”and“harmony,”teachingpeopletoavoidextremesandseekamiddlewayinallaspectsoflife.Contrarytothemisunderstandingthatitmeans“beingordinary”or“doingnothing,”theConfucian“Zhongyong”38(refer)toastateof“appropriateaction”—doingtherightthing,attherighttime,intherightway.Itwasfirst39(systematic)clarifiedintheConfucianclassicTheDoctrineoftheMean,40states:“Themeanisthehighestvirtue.”ForConfucians,the“mean”isnotacompromisebetweentwoextremes,butaharmoniousintegrationofdifferentelements.Today,aswefaceunprecedentedchallenges—frompersonalanxiety41globalconflicts—the“DoctrineoftheMean”offersatimeless42(solve);seekbalance,avoidextremes,andpursueharmony.Itremindsusthatthemostsustainablehappinessdoesnotcomefromextremesuccessorendlessdesire,butfromabalancedlife;the43(stable)relationshipsdonotcomefromblindagreementorconstantconflict,butfrommutualrespectandcompromise;themostprosperoussocietydoesnotcomefromone-sideddevelopmentorrigidrules,butfromtheharmoniouscoexistenceofdifferentelements.The“DoctrineoftheMean”ismorethanjustanancientConfucianconcept—it’salivingwisdomthatconnectstraditionalChineseculturetomodernlife.Itteachesustoslowdowninafast-pacedworld,tolisteninanoisyworld,and44(balance)inanextremeworld.Intheend,thesignificanceofthe“DoctrineoftheMean”inmodernsocietyliesinitsabilitytohelpusfindpeacewithin45(we),buildharmoniousrelationships,andcreateabetterworldforeveryone.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，请给外教Susan写一封邮件，邀请她参加学校举办的试验田（theexperimentalfield）劳作活动。内容包括：（1）活动安排；（2）提出邀请。注意：（1）写作词数应为100左右；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSusan,Hopethisemailfindsyouwell!____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenMark,asoftwareengineerfromChicago,firstarrivedinChengdutoleadajointproject,hepridedhimselfonhisculturaladaptability.HehadreadtheguidebooksandevenlearnedbasicChinesegreetings.However,nothingpreparedhimforadramaticandconfusingChinesedinnerbillfight.OnaFridayevening,MarkinvitedtwoChinesecolleagues(同事),LiWeiandDirectorZhang,toahotpotdinnertocelebratethecompletionofaproject.Sinceitwasacasualouting,MarkhadplannedtogoDutch(splitthebill),thestandardandfairpracticeinChicago.Themealwasfantasticandtheatmospherewaswarm,filledwithlaughterandtoaststofuturesuccess.Asthemealwounddown,Marksignaledthewaiteroverandaskedhimforthebill,intendingtosplitthecostequallyandpayhisownshare.Seeingthis,LiWeiandDirectorZhangexchangedsurprisedglancesandpracticallyleapedfrom