贵州省遵义市高三下学期第三次适应性考试英语试题含听力

遵义市2025届高三年级第三次适应性考试英语（满分：150分；时间：120分钟）注意事项：1.考试开始前，请用黑色签字笔将答题卡上的姓名、班级、考号填写清楚，并在相应位置条形码。2.选择题答题时，请用2B铅笔答题，若需改动，请用橡皮轻轻擦拭干净后再选涂其它选项；非选择题答题时，请用黑色签字笔在答题卡相应的位置答题；在规定区域以外的答题不给分；在试卷上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atadressstore. B.Atajewelryshop. C.Ataweddingceremony.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:MayIhavealookatthediamondring,please?M:Sure.Itisdesignedbyourleadingdesigner.Itgoeswellwithyourelegantdress.Youcanwearitonformaloccasionslikeawedding.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthetacos?A.Theyareverydelicious. B.Theyaretoospicy. C.Theyarenotfresh.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoutriedanystreetfoodlately?W:Oh,absolutely!Ijusthadthemostamazingtacosfromafoodtruckdowntown.Theywereloadedwithspicysauceandfreshvegetables.Istronglyremendthem.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandoontheweekend?A.Haveabarbecue. B.Bookaticket. C.Attendaconcert.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Iamsoexcitedabouttheupingweekendbecausetheweatherwillbegood.Anyspecialplans?W:I’mplanningabarbecuewithmyfamilyinmyyard.Wouldyouliketojoinus?M:Thankyou,butI’vebookedaticketforaforestconcert.Ican’twaittorelaxmyself.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Passengerandstaff. B.Touristandguide. C.Bossandemployee.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,whereisthecheckincounterforDeltaAirLines?W:Thanksforchoosingourairline.It’srightoverthere,neartheentrance.Justfollowthesigns.M:Thankyou.DoIneedtoprintmyboardingpass,orcanIusethedigitaloneonmyphone?W:Youcanusethedigitaloneonyourphone.Justmakesureyourphoneischarged.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whattowatch. B.Howtosavemoney. C.Wheretowork.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Iwanttowatchalivetabletennismatchofmyfavoriteplayers.SoI’vebeenthinkingalotaboutsavingmoneylately.Doyouhaveanytips?M:I’dbehappytohelp.Onethingthatreallyworksformeissettingupaseparatesavingsaccount.Itmakesiteasiertokeeptrackofwhatyou’vesaved.W:That’sagreatidea.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whydidthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Toinquireaboutinformationofaflat.B.Toinformthemanofthebrokenelevator.C.Tomakeaplaintabouttherepairwork.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Contacttherepairteam. B.Apologizetothewoman. C.Operatetheelevator.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,thisisTaylorMillercallingfromApartment301,Building6.Theelevatorhasbeenbrokeninthisbuildingfortwodays.I’vealreadyreportedittwice,butit’sstilloutoforder.M:Sorry.Therepairpanypromisedmeitwouldbesortedoutsoon.W:Buttwodaysisquitealongwait.It’sreallyinconvenientforpeoplelivingontopfloor.M:Iapologizefortheinconvenience.I’llpushthemtospeedthingsup.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatmakesthemusicalamazing?A.Itstheme. B.Itscostumedesign. C.Itsspecialeffects.9.Howmuchdoesabalconyseatcost?A.$50. B.$100. C.$150.10.Whichsectionwilltheybookticketsfor?A.Balcony. B.Frontorchestra. C.Rearorchestra.【答案】8.C9.A10.B【解析】【原文】W:Didyouhearaboutthenewmusicalingtotownnextmonth?M:Oh,really?Ihadn’theardaboutit.What’sitcalled?W:It’scalledTheStarryNight.It’ssupposedtobeamazing,withlotsofspecialeffects.Iwasthinkingofbookingticketsforus.M:Howmucharethetickets?W:Theticketsrangefrom$50to$150,dependingonwhereyousit.Therearethreedifferentsections:frontorchestra,rearorchestra,andbalcony.Thefrontorchestraseatsarethemostexpensivebutofferthebestview.Rearorchestraseatsareabitcheaper,andthebalconyseatsaretheleastexpensivebutstillofferadecentview.M:Hmm,thefrontorchestrasoundstempting.Howaboutweaimforthose?W:Soundsgreat!I’lllookintobookingthose.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.HowdoestechnologychangeschoolsaccordingtoJamie?A.Bydevelopingsomenewapps.B.Byprovidingdigitalbooks.C.ByreplacingteacherswithAItutors.12.WhatdoesJamiethinkofthetools?A.Theyprovideinstantfeedback.B.Theymakeproblemsplicated.C.Theydistractstudentsratherthanhelp.13.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstechnologyineducation?A.Negative. B.Positive. C.Carefree.【答案】11.A12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:HeyJamie,haveyounoticedhowmuchtechnologyischangingschoolsthesedays?M:Absolutely!Therearesomenewappsdesignedtohelpstudentslearn.Backwhenwewereinschool,allwehadwerebooksandchalkboards.Now,studentsevenhaveAItutors.W:That’strue.Doyouthinkthesetoolsactuallymakeadifference?M:Definitely.Forexample,thereareappsnowthatcanbreakdownplexconceptsintobitesizedpiecesandevenofferproblemswithinstantfeedback,whichIthinkarethecoolestparts.W:ButIalsowonderiftechnologymightdistractstudentsratherthanhelpthem.M:There’salwaysariskofdistractions,likesocialmediaorgames.ButIthinkifusedcorrectly,technologycanenhancelearning.It’sallaboutfindingtherightbalance.W:Agreed.OverallIthinkthepotentialoftechnologyineducationishuge.It’snotjustaboutnewtools,butalsoaboutnewwaysofthinkingandlearning.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Chairingameeting. B.Deliveringaspeech. C.Conductinganinterview.15.WhatmakesMarkfrustrated?A.Longhoursofwork. B.Lossofsomefreedom. C.Judgementfromothers.16.WhatdoesMarkwanttodowithhisfame?A.Earnmoremoney. B.Meetinspiringpeople. C.Dogoodcauses.17.WhatdoesMarksaytohimself?A.Keepamodestattitude. B.Forgetbadthings. C.Liveahappylife.【答案】14.C15.B16.C17.A【解析】【原文】W:Mark!Congratulationsonbeingfamous.Itisexcitingtohavepeopleknowyournameandadmireyourwork.Whatdoyouthinkaboutfame?M:Oh,itisnotasexcitingasitseems.Instead,ithasitsdownsides.Beingfamousmeanslosingpartoffreedom,whichmakesmefrustratedsometimes.W:Exactly!Peoplejudgeeverylittlethingyoudo.Thatmustbetoughtohandle.M:Yes,fameeswithaprice.I’dmissdoingregularthings,likegroceryshoppingorjusthangingoutinthepark.W:Howaboutthepositivesidesofbeingfamous?M:Beingfamousprovidesmoreopportunitieslikemeetinginspiringpeopleorworkingonamazingprojects.Somecelebritiesmanagetousetheirfameforgoodcauses.Iwouldliketofollowintheirfootsteps.W:That’strue.So,attheendofthisinterview,isthereanythingmoreyouwanttosay?M:Tome,I’dliketosayit’simportanttostayhumble.Andforallofus,rememberwhatreallymattersinlife.Dothingsthatcanmakeadifferencetotheworld.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhatdidBohlindoinhisfirstjob?A.Hetaughtatacollege. B.Heproducedcars. C.Hedesignedaircraft.19.WhendidBohlinjointhecarmanufacturer?A.In1942. B.In1958. C.In1959.20.Whichcountrywasthefirsttointroducecarseatbeltlaws?A.Japan. B.Australia. C.France.【答案】18.C19.B20.B【解析】【原文】Hi,mytalktodayisaboutaninvention,themoderncarseatbelt.TheinventorofthemoderncarseatbeltwasaSwedishmancalledNilsBohlin.Bohlinhadtrainedasamechanicalengineeratcollegebeforegaininghisfirstemploymentasanaircraftdesigner.Hedidwell,sohewasinvitedtojoinacarmanufacturingpanyasasafetyengineer.Bohlinhasbeenworkingonimprovingseatsandseatbeltsforplanessincestartinghisworkinglifein1942.Afterjoiningthecarmanufacturerin1958,hespentthefollowing12monthsdevelopinghisideasforcars,andthenacarfeaturingBohlin’screationonbothfrontseatswasintroduced,makingittheearliestexampleofavehiclewithmodernseatbelts.However,ittookmanyyearsforthemtobeewidelyaccepted.Japanmadeitarulethateveryonemustwearseatbeltsintheircarsacrossthewholecountryin1971.Ayearearlier,twoofatesinAustraliahadintroducedsimilarrules.FrancewasthefirstEuropeannationtocreateseatbeltlawsseveralyearslater.It’sincredibletothinkthatsomeinvestmentinresearchanddevelopmentinthemanufacturingindustryhashadsuchahugeglobalimpact.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExploringNorwayInwesternNorway,deepfjords(峡湾)cutthroughsnowcappedmountainsandremotevalleysareonlyaccessiblebyrailwaysandroads.Crosssomeoftheworld’smostscenicrailwaysandroadwaystoexperiencethecountry’sastonishingnaturalbeautyfromOslotoBergen.OSLOExploreNorway’scapital,situatedattheheadofamorethan60milelongfjord.WanderthroughVigelandPark,filledwithhundredsoflifesizedhumanfiguresbynativeartistGustavVigeland.EnjoylunchatalocalrestaurantandlearnaboutthehistoryofpolarexplorationattheFramMuseum.GEIRANGERTraveloverlandtoGeiranger,windingthroughthemountains.Takethecablecar3,300feetupMountHovenforastonishingviewsandchoosealighthikebeforeenjoyinglunchatthemountaintoprestaurant.Onthewaytothehotel,visitGeirangerSkywalk—aspectacularviewpointperchednearly5,000feetabovesealevel.FLAMCatchatraintoMyrdal,andthenboardtheFlamRailway.Takeanunforgettableridealongoneofthesteepestrailroadsintheworld,descendingasteepvalleythrough20tunnelsandpastthunderingwaterfallstothefjordvillage.Settleintoyourhotelandspendanafternoonatleisure.BERGENDiscoverthecity’smaritimehistoryonatourofBryggen—thecolorfuloldwharf(码头)andalistedUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Afterwards,enjoyanoptionalexcursiontoMountFloyen.Spendyourfinalafternoonatleisure,thengatherforafestivefarewelldinneratarestaurantservingtraditionalNorwegiandishes.DATES&PRICESDateDoubleoccupancySingleoccupancyMay31—Jun10,2025JoinWaitlist$12,395perperson$14,895perpersonJul26—Aug5,2025ReserveOnline$12995perperson$15,125perpersonAug23—Sep2,2025ReserveOnline$12,495perperson$14,995perperson21.Inwhichplacecanyouappreciateartworks?A.FLAM. B.BERGEN. C.GEIRANGER. D.OSLO.22.WhatcanyoudoinbothFLAMandBERGEN?A.Explorethemaritimehistory. B.Enjoyanunscheduledafternoon.C.Haveatraditionalfestivedinner. D.Experienceamemorablesteepride.23.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforreservingatriponAugust3,2025?A.$12,995. B.$24,790. C.$25,990. D.$30,250.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【解析】【导语】本文是一则应用文，文章主要描述挪威的奥斯陆、盖朗厄尔、弗洛姆和卑尔根等地的旅行路线，涉及自然景观如峡湾、山脉、瀑布，还有文化景点如维格兰公园、弗拉姆博物馆，以及世界遗产布吕根码头，以及对应日期和价目表。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据OSLO部分中“WanderthroughVigelandPark,filledwithhundredsoflifesizedhumanfiguresbynativeartistGustavVigeland.(漫步在维格兰公园，这里有数百个真人大小的人物雕像，由当地艺术家古斯塔夫·维格兰创作。)”可知，该地的旅游包含人物雕像等艺术作品，故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据FLAM部分中“Settleintoyourhotelandspendanafternoonatleisure.(安顿到你的酒店，花一个下午的闲暇)”以及BERGEN部分中“Spendyourfinalafternoonatleisure,thengatherforafestivefarewelldinneratarestaurantservingtraditionalNorwegiandishes.(悠闲地度过最后一个下午，然后在供应挪威传统菜肴的餐厅享用节日告别晚餐。)”可知，两地旅游的共同之处是都有闲暇的、未被安排在日程表上的下午时光，故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据该旅行信息的最后部分“DATES&PRICES”可知，在“Jul26—Aug5,2025ReserveOnline(2025年7月26日到8月5日在线预订)”期间，一对夫妇预定该趟旅行的价格为“$12,995,perperson(每人12995美元)”，故两人的价格为25990美元。故选C。BIt’sanoldsayingthatmostovernightsuccesseshaveactuallybeenhardatworkforyears,andperhapsneveristhatmoretruethaninthecaseofMelRobbins.Herstarhasbeenontheriseforalongtime:herpodcast(播客)hasbeenflyinghighinthechartssinceshelauncheditin2022,andshe’sbeenwritingbestsellersforthelast10years.Sincethelaunchofhernewbook,TheLetThemTheory:ALifeChangingToolThatMillionsofPeopleCan’tStopTalkingAbout,she’sreachedaveryhighlevel.It’sbeenhardtofindmuchmediainthelastfewweeksthathasn’tmentionedher.Articles,podcasts,TVshows:younameit,theworldistalkingaboutMelRobbins.ThenewbookisinspiredbyaphraseheryoungerdaughterusedwhenRobbinswasbeinga“typicalmom”atherson’shighschooldancingparty.“Iwastryingtoarrangeeverythinganditupseteveryoneintheprocess.Ididn’trealizeituntilmydaughtersaid,‘Mom,you’rebeingannoying.Justletthemeatwheretheywant;letthemruintheirsneakers;letthemdowhattheywant.’Thatwasthemomentthatactuallyhitmynervoussystem.AndIthensaidtomyself,‘Letthem’andIfeltmyshouldersdrop.”Thisaspectoftryingtogiveupcontrollingothersmakesupthecentralprincipleofthebook.TheLetThemTheoryisastepbystepguideonhowtostoplettingotherpeople’sopinionsandjudgmentimpactyourlife.Thetheory,shewrote,will“setyoufreefromtheexhaustingcycleoftryingtomanageeverythingandeveryonearoundyou.”“Ifeelhumbledbythefactthatpeoplearereadingmynewbookinamomentinhistorywheretheyhavenotime.Peoplearemakingtimetoreadsomethingthatcouldhelpthem,”shesaidinaninterview.24.WhatdoweknowaboutMelRobbinsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?AShehasbeenwidelyreportedrecently. B.Shebeesfamousovernightbyluck.C.Sheisknowntopeopleasafilmstar. D.Shereleasedherfirstbestsellerin2022.25.WhydidRobbins’daughtersay“Letthem”toher?A.Tomakeherannoyedonpurpose. B.Toinspireherforanewbook.C.Tostophercontrollingbehavior. D.Tohelphersongrowmature.26.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.mentsofthereaders. B.InfluencesofMelRobbins.C.Theinterpretationofthebook. D.Thefoundationofthetheory.27.HowdidRobbinsfeelaboutthesuccessofhernewbook?A.Unbelievable. B.Grateful. C.Surprised. D.Cautious.【答案】24.A25.C26.C27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了MelRobbins及其新书的创作灵感和理论。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sincethelaunchofhernewbook,TheLetThemTheory:ALifeChangingToolThatMillionsofPeopleCan’tStopTalkingAbout,she’sreachedaveryhighlevel.It’sbeenhardtofindmuchmediainthelastfewweeksthathasn’tmentionedher.Articles,podcasts,TVshows:younameit,theworldistalkingaboutMelRobbins.(自从她的新书《让他们去：一项让数百万人津津乐道、能改变人生的工具》问世以来，她便声名大噪，达到了极高的知名度。在过去的几周里，几乎很难找到没有提及她的媒体报道。无论是文章、播客还是电视节目，可以说，全世界都在谈论梅尔·罗宾斯。)”可知，自从她的新书发布以来，很难找到没有提到她的媒体，很多文章、播客、电视节目都在谈论她，说明她最近被广泛报道。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中““Iwastryingtoarrangeeverythinganditupseteveryoneintheprocess.Ididn’trealizeituntilmydaughtersaid,‘Mom,you’rebeingannoying.Justletthemeatwheretheywant;letthemruintheirsneakers;letthemdowhattheywant.’Thatwasthemomentthatactuallyhitmynervoussystem.AndIthensaidtomyself,‘Letthem’andIfeltmyshouldersdrop.”(“我试图把一切都安排得井井有条，但在这个过程中却让每个人都感到不安。直到我女儿对我说：‘妈妈，你真的很烦人。就让他们在他们想吃的地方吃吧；让他们弄脏他们的运动鞋；让他们做他们想做的事。’那一刻，我才真正意识到自己的问题，感觉像是触动了我的神经系统。然后我对自己说，‘让他们去吧’，说完之后，我感觉自己的肩膀都放松了下来。”)”可知，罗宾斯的女儿对她说“让他们去”是为了阻止她的控制行为。故选C。【26题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Thisaspectoftryingtogiveupcontrollingothersmakesupthecentralprincipleofthebook.TheLetThemTheoryisastepbystepguideonhowtostoplettingotherpeople’sopinionsandjudgmentimpactyourlife.Thetheory,shewrote,will“setyoufreefromtheexhaustingcycleoftryingtomanageeverythingandeveryonearoundyou.”(这种试图放弃控制他人的想法构成了这本书的核心原则。《让他们去》理论是一本关于如何不再让他人的意见和判断影响你生活的循序渐进的指南。她写道，这一理论将“让你从试图管理周围一切人和事的疲惫循环中解脱出来。”)”可知，第四段主要讲述了对《让他们去》这本书的解读。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Ifeelhumbledbythefactthatpeoplearereadingmynewbookinamomentinhistorywheretheyhavenotime.Peoplearemakingtimetoreadsomethingthatcouldhelpthem,”shesaidinaninterview.(“在这样一个人们没有时间的历史时刻，人们却在读我的新书，这让我感到很谦卑。人们正在挤出时间来读一些可能对他们有帮助的东西，”她在一次采访中说。)”可推知，罗宾斯对她新书的成功感到感激。故选B。CBaleenwhales,likehumpbacks(座头鲸),relyonsingingtoattractmates.Butifkillerwhalesheartheirsongs,thesepredators(掠食者)canfindthesingerandattack.Ascientistdiscoveredthatsomespecies,suchasBryde’swhales,staysafebycallingatdeep,lowfrequenciesthatkillerwhalescan’thear.Newstudiessuggestthattraitsfoundthroughouttheanimalkingdommayhaveguidedthedevelopmentofhumanspeech.Malehumpbackwhalesproducesoundsinaplexsequence,knownasasong.Asongcanbeupto30minuteslongandmayberepeatedforhours.Aswithhumanlanguage,thewhales’songsareculturallytransmitted,meaningtheyarelearnedfromothers.Aninternationalteamofscientistsstudiedrecordingscollectedover80yearsneartheislandofNewCaledoniainthePacificOcean.Becausehumpbackwhalesongsaremadeupofvarioussounds,thescientistscreatedcodestodescribedifferentbinationsofsounds.Byfiguringoutwhichsoundsoftenoccurredtogether,theycouldidentifybinationsinwhalesongsthatservedapurposesimilartowordsinhumanspeech.Whentheresearchersanalyzedthewhalesongsusingthismethod,theyfoundthatthesongsfollowedapattern,calledZipf’slawoffrequency,thatisalsofoundinhumanlanguage.Zipf’slawsaysthatthemostmonwordinalanguageisusedtwiceasmuchasthesecondmostmonword,threetimesasmuchasthethirdmostmonword,andsoon.Forexample,inEnglish,theword“the”isusedtwiceasoftenas“of”andthreetimesasoftenas“and”.Meanwhile,aseparatestudyfromStonyBrookUniversityfoundmoresimilaritiesbetweenpeopleandwhales.Theresearchfoundthatthesongsofhumpbacksandbluewhalesuseshortwordsmoreoftenthanlongerones,asisthecasewithhumanlanguage.“Takentogether,ourstudiessuggestthathumpbackwhalesonghasevolvedtobemoreefficientandeasiertolearn,”saidthestudy’sauthor,MasonYoungblood.28.HowdoBryde’swhalesavoidbeingdetectedbypredators?A.Byimitatingspecificsoundsofhumanlanguage.B.Bycreatingconfusingsoundstomisleadpredators.C.Byproducingparticularsoundsathighfrequencies.D.Bymakingsoundsbelowpredators’hearingrange.29.Whatdoweknowabouthumpbackwhales’songs?A.Theyarerepeatedhourlywithoutchange. B.Theyareacquiredthroughmutuallearning.C.Theyfollowasimplesequenceofsounds. D.Theyconsistoffixedsoundbinations.30.ByZipf’slaw,ifthemostmonwordappears100times,thefourthmonwordappears______.A.25times. B.33times. C.50times. D.100times.31.Whatisthebesttitlefor?A.HowWhalesAvoidAttacks. B.HowWhalesUseShortWords.C.HowWhaleSongsTransmitCulture. D.HowWhaleSongsMirrorHumanSpeech.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过座头鲸、布氏鲸等鲸鱼的发声行为，揭示鲸鱼歌声与人类语言在文化传承、频率规律及用词偏好等方面的相似性。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ascientistdiscoveredthatsomespecies,suchasBryde’swhales,staysafebycallingatdeep,lowfrequenciesthatkillerwhalescan’thear.(一位科学家发现，像布氏鲸这样的一些物种，通过发出虎鲸听不到的深沉、低频的声音来保持安全)”可知，布氏鲸通过发出低于掠食者听力范围的声音来避免被掠食者发现。故选D。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aswithhumanlanguage,thewhales’songsareculturallytransmitted,meaningtheyarelearnedfromothers.(与人类语言一样，鲸鱼的歌声也是通过文化传播的，这意味着它们是从其他鲸鱼那里学来的)”可知，座头鲸的歌声是通过相互学习获得的。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Zipf’slawsaysthatthemostmonwordinalanguageisusedtwiceasmuchasthesecondmostmonword,threetimesasmuchasthethirdmostmonword,andsoon.(齐普夫定律指出，一种语言中最常见的词的使用频率是第二常见词的两倍，是第三常见词的三倍，以此类推)”可知，根据齐普夫定律，如果最常见的词出现100次，那么第四常见的词应该出现100÷4=25次。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Newstudiessuggestthattraitsfoundthroughouttheanimalkingdommayhaveguidedthedevelopmentofhumanspeech.(新的研究表明，在整个动物王国中发现的特征可能指导了人类语言的发展)”以及下文对座头鲸歌声的研究，文章主要讲述了鲸鱼的歌声如何反映人类语言，并探讨了鲸鱼歌声与人类语言之间的相似性。所以，D选项“HowWhaleSongsMirrorHumanSpeech(鲸鱼的歌声如何反映人类语言)”最符合文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选D。DFungi(真菌)maypossesstheirownintelligence,includingtheabilitytoremember,makedecisions,andrecognizebasicshapes,accordingtoanewstudy.Thestudycouldleadtoadeeperunderstandingofdifferentformsofintelligence.AteamofresearchersatTohokuUniversityandNagaokaCollegeinJapansetouttolearnmoreaboutfungibystudyingtheirmycelium(菌丝体),asystemofthinstrands(缕)whichgrowundergroundandfunctionlikeroots.Forthestudy,theteamworkedwithatypeoffunguscalledPhanerochaetevelutina,whichfeedsonwood.Theylaidoutwoodblocksservingasfoodforthefungusintwodifferentformations—acircleandacross—toseeifthataffectedhowthemyceliumwouldgrow.Theblockshademptyspacesbetweenthem.Normally,fungalmyceliumgrowoutwardinalldirectionsfromacenterpoint.Inthisstudy,themyceliumstartedoutthatway,growingoutwardfromeachblock.Buteventuallytheychangeddirectionbasedontheblockarrangements.Inthecircleofblocks,themyceliumstartedgrowingevenlyaroundeachindividualblockbuteventuallystoppedgrowinginsidethecircle.Instead,itgrewontheoutsideofthecircle.Theresearchersthinkthemyceliumdidthisbecauseitknewtherewasnobenefittogrowinginward.Withthecrossformation,moremyceliagrewonthefouroutermostblocksthananywhereelse.Althoughtheteamisn’lysurewhy,theythinkthishappenedbecausethemyceliumusedthoseblocksasagoodstartingpointtosearchforfood.Theteamsaidthatinbothcases,thefungiwereidentifyingthespotswiththemostnutrients.Todothis,thestrandsofmyceliumweremunicating,processingthatinformation,andchangingtheirbehavior.Theresearchersparedthesystemtothewaythehumanbrainusesanetworkofnerveconnectionstosendmessages.“You’dbesurprisedatjusthowmuchfungiarecapableof,”saidYuFukasawa,leadauthorofthestudy.“Quitefrankly,theirabilitytosolveproblemsparedtohumansismindblowing.”32.Whyweretheblocksarrangedindifferentformations?A.Toobservehowfungibreakdownwood. B.Tocheckhowmuchspacemyceliumneeds.C.Totestifformationsaffectmyceliumgrowth. D.Toexaminewhichformationfungilikemore.33.Howdidfungalmyceliumgrowinthestudy?A.Itgrewoutwardsinalldirectionsallthetime. B.Itgrewinthedirectionofmorefoodnutrients.C.Itgrewmoreinthecenterofcrossformation. D.Itgrewquiteevenlyinsidethecircleofblocks.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mindblowing”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Astonishing. B.Confusing. C.Predictable. D.Unidentifiable.35.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwriting?A.Toclarifythedefinitionofintelligence. B.Toparedifferentformsofintelligence.C.Togiveanaccountoffungiandmycelium. D.Touncoverthecognitiveabilitiesoffungi.【答案】32C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究，探讨了真菌可能具备的智能，包括记忆、决策和识别基本形状的能力。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Forthestudy,theteamworkedwithatypeoffunguscalledPhanerochaetevelutina,whichfeedsonwood.Theylaidoutwoodblocksservingasfoodforthefungusintwodifferentformations—acircleandacross—toseeifthataffectedhowthemyceliumwouldgrow.(为了研究，团队使用了一种名为Phanerochaetevelutina的真菌，它以木材为食。他们将木块以两种不同的形状——圆形和十字形——摆放，以观察这是否会影响菌丝体的生长。)”可知，木块被摆成不同的形状是为了测试形状是否影响菌丝体的生长。故选C项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Normally,fungalmyceliumgrowoutwardinalldirectionsfromacenterpoint.Inthisstudy,themyceliumstartedoutthatway,growingoutwardfromeachblock.Buteventuallytheychangeddirectionbasedontheblockarrangements.Inthecircleofblocks,themyceliumstartedgrowingevenlyaroundeachindividualblockbuteventuallystoppedgrowinginsidethecircle.Instead,itgrewontheoutsideofthecircle.Theresearchersthinkthemyceliumdidthisbecauseitknewtherewasnobenefittogrowinginward.Withthecrossformation,moremyceliagrewonthefouroutermostblocksthananywhereelse.Althoughtheteamisn’lysurewhy,theythinkthishappenedbecausethemyceliumusedthoseblocksasagoodstartingpointtosearchforfood.(通常情况下，真菌菌丝会从中心点向四周辐射生长。本研究中，菌丝最初也确实从每个木块向外扩展，但最终会根据木块排列方式调整生长方向。在环形排列中，菌丝起初均匀环绕各个木块生长，但逐渐停止向圈内延伸，转而集中在外围生长。研究人员认为，这是菌丝判断向内生长无益的智能表现。而在十字形排列中，最外围四个木块上的菌丝生长最为旺盛。虽然团队尚未完全明确原因，但他们推测菌丝将这些外围木块作为搜寻食物的理想起点。)”可知，菌丝体的生长方向是朝着更多食物营养的方向。故选B项。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文的句子“You’dbesurprisedatjusthowmuchfungiarecapableof(你会惊讶于真菌的能力)”和“Quitefrankly,theirabilitytosolveproblemsparedtohumans(坦率地说，它们解决问题的能力与人类相比……)”可知，真菌解决问题的能力可以和人类的能力相比，所以它们的能力让人感到惊讶，所以，划线单词mindblowing的意义为“非常令人吃惊的”，与astonishing意义一致。故选A项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段“Fungi(真菌)maypossesstheirownintelligence,includingtheabilitytoremember,makedecisions,andrecognizebasicshapes,accordingtoanewstudy.Thestudycouldleadtoadeeperunderstandingofdifferentformsofintelligence.(一项新的研究表明，真菌可能拥有自己的智力，包括记忆、决策和识别基本形状的能力。这项研究可能会让我们对不同形式的智力有更深入的了解。)”可知，文章主要介绍了真菌可能具备的智能，包括记忆、决策和识别基本形状的能力，并通过实验展示了真菌如何通过菌丝体的生长来识别营养丰富的区域。因此，作者的目的是揭示真菌的认知能力。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Autumnisaspecialtimetoenjoytheoutdoorswhentheweatheriscoolandcrispforabsorbingthesightsandsoundsofnature.____36____Herearesomewaystogetstarted.Goforawalk,bike,orhike.Theeasiestwaytogetclosertonatureistosimplystepoutside.Gatherfamilytogoforawalkorbikerideinyourneighborhoodoralocalpark.Besidesgettingexercise,you’llbestimulatingyoursenses,fromseeingvariouscolorsinautumnleavestofeelingabreezeblowthroughthetrees.____37____Thereyoucanhearthesoundsofbirdsandotheranimalswhilerelaxing.Trybirdwatching.____38____It’swhenmanybirdspeciestakeflightontheirjourneystowarmdestinationstothesouth.Youcanvisitabirdsanctuaryinyourareaorlearnmoreaboutthebirdsinyourneighborhood.Plantafallgarden.Fallisagoodtimetoplantbecauseit’slesshotforplantsbutthesoilisstillwarm.InpartsoftheUSwheretheweatherismilder,youmaybeabletoplantleafycropslikespinach,broccoli,andkalethroughDecember.Speakwithyourlocalplantnurseryaboutwhatyoucanplantatthistimeofyearinyourarea.____39________40____Anotherwaytogetclosertonatureistoshowthatyoucarefortheenvironmentwiththechoicesyoumake.Smallactions—suchasrecyclingyourfamily’scardboardboxesorwalkingtonearbydestinationsinsteadofcatchingarideinacar—helpreducewasteandpollution.Youcouldalsoapproachleadersatyourschoolorlocalgovernmentaboutorganizingamunitycleanuptokeeptheoutdoorsbeautifulforeveryone.A.Protectnature.B.Organizemunityactivities.C.Hikingwithyourfriendsisalsoagoodchoice.D.Novemberisagreattimeofyearforbirdwatching.