2021年高考英语分类题库考点1阅读理解

PAGE1-一、科普知识类 -1-二、广告宣传类 -2-三、政治经济类类 -3-四、人物传记类 -3-五、文化教育类 -4-六、社会生活类 -4-七、环境保护类 -5-八、文学艺术类 -5-考点1阅读理解一、科普知识类 (2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·D)话题:情商词数:284难度:★★★★DPopularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional(情感的)intelligence.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson’smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills”.Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill-basedemotionalintelligence.Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposes.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneamoralperson.Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis(重视)onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothersinterestedinpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,wehopethatsuchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives(视角)fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.32.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?A.ItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtest.B.Ithelpstoexerciseaperson’smind.C.Itincludesasetofemotionalskills.D.Itreferstoaperson’spositivequalities.33.Whydoestheauthormention“doctor”and“cheater”inparagraph2?A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Topresentafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligence?A.Itsappealtothepublic.B.Expectationsforfuturestudies.C.Itspracticalapplication.D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.【文章大意】本文为科普议论文,介绍了人们对“情商”这一概念的误解,引出“情商”的普及所带来的好处,以及作者对未来科学有关“情商”的普及的期望。32.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中“Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson’smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills”可知,很多人将情商误解为人身上无法通过智商测试衡量出的一切理想化品质,故选D项。33.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知,作者提出自己对情商这一概念的解释,即可以用于好或坏的目的的一组特定技能,用医生和骗子一好一坏的例子来阐明提出的情商概念。故选B项。34.【解析】选A。观点态度题。根据第三段中“Themostpositiveaspect...,muchneeded...,hashelped...”以及第四段“wehope...,Itisourhope...;...servetopointusintherightdirection”可知作者对“情商的普及”的态度是“赞成”,所以选择A项。35.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的第二句话:“Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives...”可知,这是对未来的期望。所以选择B项。【难句剖析】Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.分析:Although引导让步状语从句,介词短语regardingemotionalintelligence作定语,修饰主语popularbeliefs,谓语是run,what引导的为aheadof的宾语从句。主句为主系表结构,其中主语为:theoveralleffectsofthepublicity。翻译:关于情商,尽管流行观念都远超研究所能合理支持的水平,它的普及一直对人们更有好处,而非坏处。(2021·浙江高考·C)话题:人与自然,人与动物词数:342难度:★★Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan“tell”whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed,youmaybeontosomething.Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy.Researcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguishbetweenimages(图像)ofthesamepersonmakingeitherahappyoranangryface.Duringthetrainingstage,eachdogwasshownonlytheupperhalforthelowerhalfoftheperson’sface.Theresearchersthentestedthedogs’abilitytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson’sfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining.Theresearchersfoundthatthedogswereabletopicktheangryorhappyfacebytouchingapictureofitwiththeirnosesmoreoftenthanonewouldexpectbyrandomchance.Thestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthumanfacesduringtrainingtonewfacesinthetestingstage.“Wecanruleoutthatthedogssimplydistinguishbetweenthepicturesbasedonasimplecue,suchasthesightofteeth,”saidstudyauthorCorsinMuller.“Instead,ourresultssuggestthatthesuccessfuldogsrealizedthatasmilingmouthmeansthesamethingassmilingeyes,andthesameruleappliestoanangrymouthhavingthesamemeaningasangryeyes.”“Withourstudy,wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacialexpressions,”MullertoldLiveScience.Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacialexpressionsinhumans.“Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions,”andthisexposurehasprovidedthemwithmanychancestolearntodistinguishbetweenthem,Mullersaid.28.Thenewstudyfocusedonwhetherdogscan.

A.distinguishshapesB.makesenseofhumanfacesC.feelhappyorangryD.communicatewitheachother29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromparagraph2?A.Researcherstestedthedogsinrandomorder.B.Diversemethodswereadoptedduringtraining.C.PicturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferentD.Thedogswerephotographedbeforethetest.30.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Asuggestionforfuturestudies.B.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings.C.Amajorlimitationofthestudy.D.Anexplanationoftheresearchmethod.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普类短文,主要介绍了狗能够识别人类的喜怒哀乐。28.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据短文首段的第二句Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy.根据一项新的研究,狗可能的确可以分辨人类的表情是高兴还是愤怒。以及倒数第二段中Withourstudy,wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacialexpressions可知,研究结论:至少一些狗能够辨别人类的面部表情。故选B项。29.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据题干中的fromparagraph2可将答案定位到第二段。其中Theresearchersthentestedthedogs’abilitytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson’sfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining.一句明确说明:研究者给狗展示了人脸的另一半或与以往训练完全不同的图片,进而测试狗辨别人类面部表情的能力。故选C项。30.【解析】选B。段落大意题。根据题干中的thelastparagraph可将答案定位到短文的最后一段。这一段主要说明whydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacialexpressionsinhumans为什么狗看起来具备识别人类不同表情的能力。故选B项。【核心单词】1.distinguishv.识别,区分2.cuen.暗示,提示;线索3.concludev.推断出;得出结论4.exposuren.暴露【核心短语】1.beontosomething有所发现2.apply...to...把……运用于……3.ruleout排除;不考虑4.beequippedwith配备着……,装备着……【难句剖析】“Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions,”andthisexposurehasprovidedthemwithmanychancestolearntodistinguishbetweenthem,Mullersaid.分析:这是一个主从复合句。appearstobe后面是that引导的表语从句,该表语从句中含有一个which引导的非限制性定语从句。翻译:Muller解释说:“对于我们来说,看起来最有可能的解释是狗与人类生活在一起,这使它们经常看到人类的表情,”而这又给它们很多机会去学习辨别人类的表情。二、广告宣传类(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·A)话题:罗马的旅社词数:264难度:★★ARomecanbepriceyfortravelers,whichiswhymanychoosetostayinahostel(旅社).ThehostelsinRomeofferabedinadormroomforaround$25anight,andforthat,you’lloftengettostayinacentrallocation(位置)withsecurityandcomfort.YellowHostel

IfIhadtomakejustonerecommendationforwheretostayinRome,itwouldbeYellowHostel.It’soneofthebest-ratedhostelsinthecity,andforgoodreason.It’saffordable,andit’sgotafunatmospherewithoutbeingtoonoisy.Asanaddedbonus,it’sclosetothemaintrainstation.HostelAlessandroPalace

Ifyoulovesocialhostels,thisisthebesthostelforyouinRome.HostelAlessandroPalaceisfun.Staffmembersholdplentyofbareventsforguestslikefreeshots,barcrawlsandkaraoke.There’salsoanareaontherooftopforhangingoutwithothertravelersduringthesummer.YouthStationHostel

Ifyou’relookingforcleanlinessandamodernhostel,looknofurtherthanYouthStation.Itoffersbeautifulfurnishingsandbeds.Thereareplentyofotherbenefits,too;itdoesn’tchargecitytax;ithasbothairconditioningandaheaterfortherooms;italsohasfreeWi-Fiineveryroom.HotelandHostelDesArtistes

HotelandHostelDesArtistesislocatedjusta10-minutewalkfromthecentralcitystationandit’sclosetoallofthecity’smainattractions.Thestaffisfriendlyandhelpful,providingyouwithamapofthecitywhenyouarrive,andofferingadviceifyourequiresome.However,youneedtopay2eurosadayforWi-Fi.21.Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoftravelerswhochoosetostayinahostel?A.Comfort.B.Security.C.Price. D.Location.22.Whichhotelbestsuitspeoplewhoenjoyanactivesociallife?A.YellowHostel.B.HostelAlessandroPalace.C.YouthStationHostel.D.HotelandHostelDesArtistes.23.WhatisthedisadvantageofHotelandHostelDesArtistes?A.Itgetsnoisyatnight.B.Itsstaffistootalkative.C.ItchargesforWi-Fi.D.It’sinconvenientlylocated.【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了罗马的四家旅社,它们各有千秋。21.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章的第一句话“Romecanbepriceyfortravelers,whichiswhy...”可知,价格为旅行者主要的关注点,故选C项。【易错误区】题干中concern的意思为“关心;关切;担心”。22.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话中的“social”,以及下文中的“...hangingoutwithothertravelers...”可以看出,故选B项。23.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据题干中的“disadvantage”,结合最后一段的最后一句话“However,youneedtopay2eurosadayforWi-Fi.”,可知应选C项。【难句剖析】Thestaffisfriendlyandhelpful,providingyouwithamapofthecitywhenyouarrive,andofferingadviceifyourequiresome.分析:此句主干为Thestaffisfriendlyandhelpful,后面为两个并列的现在分词结构,作伴随状语,作为对主句的补充说明。翻译:员工们不但友好,而且乐于助人,比如,当你到旅社时,会给你提供一张城市地图;如果你有需求,他们还会提出建议。三、政治经济类类无四、人物传记类(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷·B)话题:曲谱翻页者词数:327难度:★★★BByday,RobertTittertonisalawyer.InhissparetimethoughhegoesonstagebesidepianistMariaRaspopova—notasamusicianbutasherpageturner.“I’mnotatrainedmusician,butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance.”MrTittertonischairmanoftheOmegaEnsemblebuthasbeenthegroup’sofficialpageturnerforthepastfouryears.Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn’thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthoseplayinginstrumentsonstage.“Alotofskillsareneededforthejob.Youhavetomakesureyoudon’tturntwopagesatonceandmakesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhenyouhavetogobacktotherightspot.”MrTittertonexplained.Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.Somepiecesofmusiccangofor40minutesandrequireupto50pageturns,includingbackturnsforrepeatpassages.Silentonstagecommunicationiskey,andeachpianisthastheirownstyleof“nodding”toindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpageturner.Butlikeallperformances,therearemomentswhenthingsgowrong.“Iwasturningthepagetogetreadyforthenextpage,butthedraftwindfromtheturncausedthesparepagestofalloffthestand,”MrTittertonsaid,“LuckilyIwasabletocatchthemandputthemback.”Mostpageturnersarepianostudentsorup-and-comingconcertpianists,althoughMsRaspopovahasonceaskedherhusbandtohelpheroutonstage.“Myhusbandistheworstpageturner,”shelaughed.“He’sinterestedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay:‘Turn,turn!’”“RobertisthebestpageturnerI’vehadinmyentirelife.”24.WhatshouldTittertonbeabletodotobeapageturner?A.Readmusic.B.Playthepiano.C.Singsongs.D.Fixtheinstruments.25.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesTitterton’sjobonstage?A.Boring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding. D.Dangerous.26.WhatdoesTittertonneedtopractise?A.Countingthepages.B.Recognizingthe“nodding”.C.Catchingfallingobjects.D.Performinginhisownstyle.27.WhyisMsRaspopova’shusband“theworstpageturner”?A.Hehasverypooreyesight.B.Heignorestheaudience.C.Hehasnointerestinmusic.D.Heforgetstodohisjob.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了RobertTitterton作为一名律师,业余时间做曲谱翻页者的有趣经历。24.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“...butI’velearnttoreadmusicsoIcanhelpMariainherperformance.”可知,Titterton学会识谱是为了在Maria的表演中帮助她。再结合第三段“...makesureyoufindtherepeatsinthemusicwhen...”“当你再翻回去时,你得确保你能找准音乐的重复部分。”可以看出,这个工作需要“识谱”,故选A项。25.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段“Alotofskillsareneededforthejob...”和第四段中“Beingapageturnerrequiresplentyofpractice.”可知,“做好这份工作需要很多技能,也需要大量的练习”。由此推断这项工作是“要求高的”,C项正确。A项“令人厌烦的”,B项“工资高的,”D项“危险的”均不合题意。故选C项。26.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“...eachpianisthastheirownstyleof‘nodding’toindicate...”可知“翻页者需要理解点头的意思”,故选B项。27.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“...He’sinterestedinthemusic,feelingeverynote,andIhavetosay...”可知,“MsRaspopova对音乐很着迷,感受每一个音符”以至于忘记自己的工作(翻页),所以他被称为“最糟糕的翻页者”。故选D项。【难句剖析】Hisjobistositbesidethepianistandturnthepagesofthescoresothemusiciandoesn’thavetobreaktheflowofsoundbydoingitthemselves.分析:本句为并列句,so为并列连词,连接两个并列的句子。前一句主干为Hisjobistosit...and(to)turn...,主系表结构,两个并列的动词不定式作表语,第二个不定式为了避免重复,省掉了to。后一句谓语为doesn’thavetobreak,bydoingitthemselves作方式状语。翻译:他的工作是坐在钢琴家一旁翻动曲谱,这样钢琴家就不用亲自翻曲谱,也就避免了音乐中断。(2021·浙江高考·A)话题:人与自我·人生态度词数:304难度:★★★★LeslieNielsen’schildhoodwasadifficultone,buthehadoneparticularshiningstarinhislife—hisuncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareer(职业)inacting.Eventhoughheoftenfelthewouldbediscoveredtobeano-talent,hemovedforward,gainingascholarshiptotheNeighborhoodPlayhouseandmakinghisfirsttelevisionappearanceafewyearslaterin1948.However,becomingafull-time,successfulactorwouldstillbeanuphillbattleforanothereightyearsuntilhelandedanumberoffilmrolesthatfinallygothimnoticed.Buteventhen,whathehadwasn’tquitewhathewanted.Nielsenalwaysfeltheshouldbedoingcomedybuthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticroles.Itwasn’tuntil1980—32yearsintohiscareer—thathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforinAirplane!Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.DidNielsenthenfeelcontentinhiscareer?Yesandno.Hewasthrilledtobedoingthecomedythathealwaysfeltheshoulddo,butevenduringhislastfewyears,healwayshadasenseofcuriosity,wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemightbejustaroundthecorner.Heneverstoppedworking,neverretired.LeslieNielsen’sdevotiontoactingiswonderfullyinspiring.Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareerwithlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingledesire,nevergivenupon,canmakeforaremarkablelife.21.WhydidNielsenwanttobeanactor?A.Heenjoyedwatchingmovies.B.Hewaseagertoearnmoney.C.Hewantedtobelikehisuncle.D.Hefelthewasgoodatacting.22.WhatdoweknowaboutNielseninthesecondhalfofhiscareer?A.Hedirectedsomehighqualitymovies.B.Heavoidedtakingonnewchallenges.C.Hefocusedonplayingdramaticroles.D.Hebecameasuccessfulcomedyactor.23.WhatdoesNielsen’scareerstorytellus?A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.C.It’snevertoolatetolearn.D.Wherethere’sawillthere’saway.【文章大意】本文介绍了著名影视明星莱斯利·尼尔森的星路历程。文章通过他的故事告诉我们,有志者事竟成。21.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsentomakeacareerinacting.可知,莱斯利·尼尔森的叔叔所受到的赞赏和尊敬激励着莱斯利·尼尔森想在表演的道路上干出一番事业。由此可知,尼尔森想成为一名演员是因为他想成为像他叔叔一样的人。故选C。22.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据题干中的inthesecondhalfofhiscareer可将本题答案锁定在第二段。根据第二段中的Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealonecouldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotrateithighly.可知,电影Airplane!把尼尔森带进了他的事业的后半段,在这后半段中,正是他的喜剧气质使得一部电影获得了商业上的成功,即使电影评论家并没有对这部电影进行高度评价。因此可知,尼尔森在其事业的后半段因为电影Airplane!而成为一名成功的喜剧演员。故选D。23.【解析】选D。推理判断题。本文主要介绍了尼尔森受叔叔的影响在进入演艺圈32年后因一部电影让其喜剧天赋充分发挥而一举成名,从而实现了他成为喜剧演员的梦想。由此可知,有志者事竟成。故选D。【核心单词】1.particularadj.特别的2.admirationn.赞赏;羡慕3.scholarshipn.奖学金4.distinguishedadj.杰出的5.dramaticadj.戏剧的;巨大的6.curiosityn.好奇心7.determinationn.决心8.remarkableadj.显著的【核心短语】1.makeacareer干一番事业2.secondhalf后半场,下半场3.bethrilledtodosth.因做某事而激动4.devotionto...对……的热爱【难句剖析】Itwasn’tuntil1980—32yearsintohiscareer—thathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforinAirplane!分析:本句是主从复合句。其中Itwasn’tuntil...that是强调句型。itwouldseem...是省略了关系代词which/that的定语从句,修饰先行词role。在该定语从句中hewasmade...是作系动词seem的表语从句。翻译:直到1980年——进入他的职业生涯的第32个年头——在电影《空前绝后满天飞》中他获得了那个好像是为他量身定做的角色。五、文化教育类(2021·全国甲卷·C)话题:对滑板运动的感情和归属感词数:333难度:★★★★WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon’tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(横杆),Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat’swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.

WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I’dgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.I’vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear;touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving(穿梭)amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail-thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT-shirt,skidded(滑)uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,”Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.”“Yeah,”Isaid.“Safe.”28.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.Hegaveuphishobby.C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.29.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probablymean?A.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway! D.Don’tworry!30.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?A.Tojointheskateboarding.B.Tomakenewfriends.C.Tolearnmoretricks.D.Torelivehischildhooddays.31.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.B.Sportisnecessaryforchildren’shealth.C.Childrenneedasenseofbelonging.D.Seeingtheworldisamustforchildren.【文章大意】本文讲述了滑板运动陪伴作者成长,给予其归属感,表达了作者对滑板运动的深厚感情。28.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段的Ifeltatalossandoutofplace可知,搬到伦敦后,作者觉得茫然不知所措,并且觉得自己格格不入。由此可推断,搬到伦敦后作者觉得很失望,故选A。29.【解析】选B。推理判断题。画线词所在句及后一句句意是:当我完成了这个技巧时,我的朋友们大声地拍板喊道:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”。成为一名优秀的滑板运动者,落地技巧是重要的。由语境可推断,此处是在称赞作者滑板滑得好,故选B。30.【解析】选D。细节理解题。第四段提到,作者在那些匆匆滑过的滑板少年中穿梭,找到了通往横杆的路,接着又提到作者与一位瘦削的滑板少年的对话与互动,由此可见作者难以忘怀以前滑滑板时的快乐日子,作者在重温自己的童年时光,故选D。31.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文讲述了滑板运动陪伴作者成长,给予其归属感,表达了作者对滑板运动的深厚感情。作者想借此向读者传达孩子需要归属感这一启示。故选C。(2021·全国甲卷·D)话题:天才词数:302难度:★★★★Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let’sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It’ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性别)are“really,reallysmart.”Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn’ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here’sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.”32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors’standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They’reunfair.B.They’reconservative.C.They’reobjective.D.They’restrict.33.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs.34.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A.Improvedglobalcommunication.B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C.Acceptanceofvictors’concepts.D.Changesinpeople’ssocialpositions.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GeniusesThinkAlikeB.GeniusTakesManyFormsC.GeniusandIntelligenceD.GeniusandLuck【文章大意】本文主要介绍了“天才”的定义标准及其演变。32.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段的Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.可知,俱乐部之外的天才所作出的贡献,包括女人、不同肤色或信仰的人,都不被他人承认并遭他人拒绝,即胜利者对加入天才俱乐部的标准是不公平的,故选A。33.【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第四段的Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”可知,研究发现女孩们会按照这种观念行事:在六岁左右,她们开始避免参加那些所谓“非常非常聪明”的孩子才会参与的活动,说明女孩们可能会受社会观念的影响,故选D项。34.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段的Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.可知,在一个全球通信不断的有线世界里,我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪耀。由此可知是改进后的全球通信让更多天才为公众所知,故选A。35.【解析】选B。标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了“天才”的定义标准及其演变,因此B选项“天才的多种表现形式”最能概括本文的内容和主题,故选B。【难句剖析】Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactorslikegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.分析:此处是“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构。在第二个“the+比较级”中,that引导宾语从句,作see的宾语,宾语从句中的主语是socialfactors,“likegender,race,andclass”是介词短语作定语修饰socialfactors。翻译:我们看得越多,就越会发现社会因素,比如性别、种族和阶级,并不能决定天才的样子。(2021·浙江高考·B)话题:体育锻炼孩子们应多参加户外活动词数:319难度:★★★Weliveinatownwiththreebeaches.Therearetwoparkslessthan10minutes’walkfromhomewhereneighbourhoodchildrengathertoplay.However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.Theyarenotalone.Today’schildrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitbetweenwatchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwithplanstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsago,film-makerDavidBondrealisedthathischildren,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosay“chocolate”intohisthree-year-oldson’searwithoutgettingaresponse.Herealisedthatsomethingneededtochange,and,beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimself“marketingdirectorforNature”.Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWildNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.“Justfivemoreminutesoutdoorscanmakeadifference,”DavidBondsays.“Thereisalotofreallyinterestingevidencewhichseemstobesuggestingthatifchildrenareinspireduptotheageofseven,thenbeingoutdoorswillbeahabitforlife.”Hisownchildrenhavegotintothehabitofplayingoutsidenow:“Wejustsendthemoutintothegardenandtellthemnottocomebackinforawhile.”Summerisuponus.Thereisanamazingworldoutthere,anditneedsourchildrenasmuchastheyneedit.Letusgetthemoutandletthemplay.24.Whatistheproblemwiththeauthor’schildren?A.Theyoftenannoytheneighbours.B.Theyaretiredofdoingtheirhomework.C.Theyhavenofriendstoplaywith.D.Theystayinfrontofscreensfortoolong.25.HowdidDavidBondadvocatehisidea?A.Bymakingadocumentaryfilm.B.Byorganizingoutdooractivities.C.ByadvertisinginLondonmedia.D.Bycreatinganetworkoffriends.26.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“charts”inParagraph2?A.recordsB.predictsC.delays D.confirms27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LetChildrenHaveFunB.YoungChildrenNeedMoreFreeTimeC.MarketNaturetoChildrenD.DavidBond:ARoleModelforChildren【文章大意】作者通过介绍自己的孩子们总是因为盯着电脑等电子屏幕而不去户外活动,引出了电影导演DavidBond培养自己的孩子们养成户外活动、锻炼身体的习惯所使用的方法。24.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据题干中的theproblemwiththeauthor’schildren可以定位答案在第一段。根据第一段的whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschoolispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitfor