2025年成人继续教育学位课程考试试题及答案

2025年成人继续教育学位课程考试试题及答案试题部分一、词汇与语法（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Theoldmanhastwosons,______arelawyers.A.bothofthemB.bothofwhoC.bothofwhomD.bothofthey2.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms______backasearlyaspossible.A.mustbesentB.willbesentC.aresentD.besent3.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium______inBeijing.A.wouldbecompletedB.wasbeingcompletedC.hasbeencompletedD.hadbeencompleted4.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds______hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase5.______inarecentsciencecompetition,thethreestudentswereawardedscholarshipstotaling$21,000.A.TobejudgedthebestB.HavingjudgedthebestC.JudgedthebestD.Judgingthebest6.Sheneverlaughed,______losehertemper.A.orsheeverdidB.nordidsheeverC.ordidsheeverD.norsheeverdid7.Thehousewasveryquiet,______asitwasonthesideofamountain.A.isolatedB.isolatingC.beingisolatedD.havingbeenisolated8.We'llvisitEuropenextyear______wehaveenoughmoney.A.lestB.untilC.unlessD.provided9.Idon'tmind______thedecisionaslongasitisnottoolate.A.youtodelaymakingB.yourdelayingmakingC.yourdelayingtomakeD.youdelaytomake10.Thesaleusuallytakesplaceoutsidethehouse,withtheaudience______onbenches,chairsorboxes.A.havingseatedB.seatingC.seatedD.havingbeenseated11.CornoriginatedintheNewWorldandthuswasnotknowninEuropeuntilColumbusfoundit______inCuba.A.beingcultivatedB.beencultivatedC.havingcultivatedD.cultivating12.Themanagerwouldratherhisdaughter______inthesameoffice.A.hadnotworkedB.nottoworkC.doesnotworkD.didnotwork13.______quiterecently,mostmothersinBritaindidnottakepaidworkoutsidethehome.A.BeforeB.UntilC.FromD.Since14.Thesurvivalofcivilizationasweknowitis______threat.A.withinB.underC.towardsD.upon15.Scientistssayitmaybefiveortenyears______itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.beforeC.afterD.when16.Insomecountries,______iscalled“equality”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.one17.Iwalkedtoomuchyesterdayand______arestillachingnow.A.myleg'smusclesB.mymusclesoflegC.mylegmusclesD.mymusclesoftheleg18.Radio,televisionandpress______ofconveyingnewsandinformation.A.arethemostthreecommonmeansB.arethemostcommonthreemeansC.arethethreemostcommonmeansD.arethreethemostcommonmeans19.Liquidsarelikesolids______theyhaveadefinitevolume.A.inthatB.forthatC.withthatD.atthat20.Whenafire______attheNationalExhibitioninLondon,atleasttenpricelesspaintingswerecompletelydestroyed.A.brokeoffB.brokeoutC.brokedownD.brokeup二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Passage1Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Badeventslike“seriousillnessofafamilymember”werehighonthelist,butsoweresomehelpfullifechangingeventslikemarriage.WhenyoutaketheHolmesRahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyouhandletheseeventsdramaticallyaffectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehow,theresearchgotboileddowntoamemorablemessage.Women'smagazinesranheadlineslike“Stresscausesillness!”Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,thearticlessaid,avoidstressfulevents.Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous,many—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription(处方)forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastrouble.Sinceanychangecanbestressful,apersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.Thenotionthatallstressmakesyousickalsoignoresalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.Itassumeswe'reallvulnerable(脆弱的)andpassiveinthefaceofadversity(逆境).Butwhatabouthumaninitiativeandcreativity?Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalvigorthantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallengecanleadtoboredom,andphysicalandmentalstrain.21.TheresultofHolmesRahe'smedicalresearchtellsus______.A.thewayyouhandlemajoreventsmaycausestressB.whatshouldbedonetoavoidstressC.whatkindofeventwouldcausestressD.howtocopewithsuddenchangesinlife22.Thestudiesonstressintheearly1970sledto______.A.popularavoidanceofstressfuljobsB.greatfearoverthementaldisorderC.acarefulresearchintostressrelatedillnessesD.widespreadconcernoveritsharmfuleffects23.ThescoreoftheHolmesRahetestshows______.A.howmuchpressureyouareunderB.howpositiveyoucandealwithstressC.howstressfulamajoreventcanbeD.howmuchhelpyoucangettodealwithstress24.Whyis“suchsimplisticadvice”(Line1,Para.4)impossibletofollow?A.Noonecanstayonthesamejobforlong.B.Noprescriptioniseffectiveinrelievingstress.C.Peoplehavetogetmarriedsomeday.D.Youcouldbemissingopportunitiesaswell.25.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome______.A.nervouswhenfacedwithdifficultiesB.physicallyandmentallystrainedC.morecapableofcopingwithadversityD.indifferenttowardwhathappenstothemPassage2Itisestimatedthatsomesevenhundredmillionpeople—abouthalftheworld'sadultpopulation—areunabletoreadorwrite,andthereareprobablytwohundredandfiftymillionmorewhoselevelofattainmentissoslightthatitbarelyqualifiesasliteracy.Recentlytheattackonilliteracyhasbeensteppedup.AworldplanhasbeendrawnupbyacommitteeofUNESCOexpertsinParis,aspartoftheUnitedNationsDevelopmentDecade,andaninternationalconferenceonthesubjecthasalsobeenheld.UNESCOstressesthatfunctionalliteracyistheaim.Peoplemustlearnthebasicskillsofresponsiblecitizenship:theabilitytoreadnotices,newspapers,timetables,letters,pricelists;tokeepsimplerecordsandaccounts,tosortoutthesignificanceoftheinformationgathered,andtofillinforms.ThemajorareasofilliteracyareinAsia,Africa,andCentralandSouthAmerica.InAfricathereareatleastonehundredmillionilliterates,comprisingeightytoeightyfivepercentofthetotalpopulation.InEuropethefigureisabouttwentymillion,mostoftheminSouthernEurope,withSpain,Italy,Portugal,andYugoslaviaheadingthelist(theUnitedKingdomhasaboutsevenhundredthousand).26.Thefigureofworldilliteracywasobtainedby______.A.expertsinParisB.aninternationalorganizationC.acommitteeofUNESCOD.noneofthese27.Studyingthepassage,wearetoldthattheattackonilliteracy______.A.hasbeenstrengthenedrecentlyB.waslaunchedbytheUnitedNationsDevelopmentDecadeC.hasbeendiscussedintheUnitedNationsDevelopmentDecadeD.isaUNESCOplan28.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanaimoffunctionalliteracy?A.Toreadnoticesandnewspapers.B.Totravelaroundtheworld.C.Tokeepsimplerecordsandaccounts.D.Tofillinforms.29.ItisobviousthatUNESCO______.A.isaworldorganizationattachedtotheUnitedNationsB.isaFrenchorganizationinchargeoftheworldplantoattackilliteracyC.worksmainlyatcombatingilliteracyinAfricaD.hasmanyexpertswhoselevelofattainmentisfarfromliteracy30.ThepopulationofilliteratesinEuropeis______.A.approximatelytwentymillionB.aboutsevenhundredthousandC.eightytoeightyfivepercentofthepopulationD.southernEuropeancountriesonlyPassage3Inthe1950s,thepioneersofartificialintelligence(AI)predictedthat,bytheendofthiscentury,computerswouldbeconversingwithusatworkandrobotswouldbeperformingourhousework.Butasusefulascomputersare,they'renowhereclosetoachievinganythingremotelyresemblingtheseearlyaspirationsforhumanlikebehavior.Nevermindsomethingascomplexasconversation:themostpowerfulcomputersstruggletoreliablyrecognizetheshapeofanobject,themostelementaryoftasksforatenmontholdkid.AgrowinggroupofAIresearchersthinktheyknowwherethefieldwentwrong.Theproblem,thescientistssay,isthatAIhasbeentryingtoseparatethehighest,mostabstractlevelsofthought,likelanguageandmathematics,andtoduplicatethemwithlogical,stepbystepprograms.AnewmovementinAI,ontheotherhand,takesacloserlookatthemoreroundaboutwayinwhichnaturecameupwithintelligence.Manyoftheseresearchersstudyevolutionandnaturaladaptationinsteadofformallogicandconventionalcomputerprograms.Ratherthandigitalcomputersandtransistors,somewanttoworkwithbraincellsandproteins.Theresultsoftheseearlyeffortsareaspromisingastheyarepeculiar,andthenewnaturebasedAImovementisslowlybutsurelymovingtotheforefrontofthefield.Imitatingthebrain'sneural(神经的)networkisahugestepintherightdirection,sayscomputerscientistandbiophysicistMichaelConrad,butitstillmissesanimportantaspectofnaturalintelligence.“Peopletendtotreatthebrainasifitweremadeupofcolorcodedtransistors,”heexplains.“Butit'snotsimplyaclevernetworkofswitches.Therearelotsofimportantthingsgoingoninsidethebraincellsthemselves.”Specifically,Conradbelievesthatmanyofthebrain'scapabilitiesstemfromthepatternrecognitionproficiencyoftheindividualmoleculesthatmakeupeachbraincell.Thebestwaytobuildanartificiallyintelligentdevice,heclaims,wouldbetobuilditaroundthesamesortofmolecularskills.Rightnow,thenotionthatconventionalcomputersandsoftwarearefundamentallyincapableofmatchingtheprocessesthattakeplaceinthebrainremainscontroversial.Butifitprovestrue,thentheeffortsofConradandhisfellowAIrebelscouldturnouttobetheonlygameintown.31.Theauthorsaysthatthepowerfulcomputersoftoday______.A.arecapableofreliablyrecognizingtheshapeofanobjectB.areclosetoexhibitinghumanlikebehaviorC.arenotverydifferentintheirperformancefromthoseofthe50sD.stillcannotcommunicatewithpeopleinahumanlikeway32.Thenewtrendinartificialintelligenceresearchstemsfrom______.A.theshiftofthefocusofstudyontotherecognitionoftheshapesofobjectsB.thebeliefthathumanintelligencecannotbeduplicatedwithlogical,stepbystepprogramsC.theaspirationsofscientiststoduplicatetheintelligenceofatenmontholdchildD.theeffortsmadebyscientistsinthestudyofthesimilaritiesbetweentransistorsandbraincells33.ConradandhisgroupofAIresearchershavebeenmakingenormouseffortsto______.A.findaroundaboutwaytodesignpowerfulcomputersB.buildacomputerusingaclevernetworkofswitchesC.findouthowintelligencedevelopedinnatureD.separatethehighestandmostabstractlevelsofthought34.What'stheauthor'sopinionaboutthenewAImovement?A.Ithascreatedasensationamongartificialintelligenceresearchersbutwillsoondieout.B.It'sabreakthroughinduplicatinghumanthoughtprocesses.C.It'smorelikeapeculiargameratherthanarealscientificeffort.D.Itmayprovetobeintherightdirectionthoughnobodyissureofitsfutureprospects.35.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothephrase“theonlygameintown”(Line3,Para.4)?A.Theonlyapproachtobuildinganartificiallyintelligentcomputer.B.Theonlywayforthemtowinaprizeinartificialintelligenceresearch.C.Theonlyareaworthstudyingincomputerscience.D.Theonlygametheywouldliketoplayintown.三、完型填空（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Themeasureofaman'srealcharacteriswhathewoulddoifheknewhewouldneverbefoundout.—ThomasMacaulaySomethirtyyearsago,IwasstudyinginapublicschoolinNewYork.Oneday,Mrs.NanetteO'Neillgaveanarithmetic36toourclass.Whenthepaperswere37,shediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythe38mistakesthroughoutthetest.Thereisnothingreallynewabout39inexams.PerhapsthatwaswhyMrs.O'Neill40evensayawordaboutit.Sheonlyaskedthetwelveboysto41afterclass.Iwasoneofthetwelve.Mrs.O'Neillasked42questions,andshedidn't43useither.Instead,shewroteontheblackboardthe44wordsbyThomasMacaulay.Shethenorderedusto45thesewordsintoourexercisebooksonehundredtimes.Idon't46abouttheotherelevenboys.Speakingfor47Icansay:itwasthemostimportantsingle48ofmylife.Thirtyyearsafterbeing49toMacaulay'swords,they50seemtomethebestyardstick(准绳),becausetheygiveusa51tomeasureourselvesratherthanothers.The52thingabouttheruleofhonestyisthatitcatchesupwithyou.Ifyou'veeverstolenapenny,youmaythinkthatyou've53.Butyou'rereallyathief.Yourexcusemaybethatyouonlytookapenny,notadollar.Oryoumaythinkthatyoutookit54nobodywouldevernotice.Thoseare55excuses.Youdidn'ttakeapenny,butyoutooktheattitudeofathief.36.A.testB.problemC.paperD.lesson37.A.examinedB.completedC.markedD.answered38.A.easyB.sameC.funnyD.serious39.A.lyingB.cheatingC.guessingD.discussing40.A.didn'tB.didC.wouldD.wouldn't41.A.comeB.leaveC.remainD.apologize42.A.noB.certainC.manyD.more43.A.excuseB.rejectC.helpD.scold44.A.aboveB.commonC.followingD.unusual45.A.repeatB.getC.putD.copy46.A.worryB.knowC.hearD.talk47.A.myselfB.ourselvesC.themselvesD.herself48.A.chanceB.incidentC.lessonD.memory49.A.referredB.shownC.broughtD.introduced50.A.evenB.stillC.alwaysD.almost51.A.wayB.sentenceC.choiceD.reason52.A.terribleB.interestingC.importantD.difficult53.A.gotawayB.comebackC.paidoffD.brokendown54.A.whenB.untilC.becauseD.sothat55.A.commonB.falseC.specialD.convincing四、翻译（共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）1.尽管面临很多困难，我们仍然决心执行我们的计划。2.他是如此专注于他的研究，以至于对周围的一切都浑然不觉。答案部分一、词汇与语法1.C。本题考查非限定性定语从句，介词+关系代词引导，先行词指人，用whom，所以选C。2.D。在Itisessentialthat...句型中，that从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可省略，所以选D。3.D。bytheendoflastyear表示“到去年年底为止”，句子要用过去完成时，且体育馆是被完成，用被动语态，所以选D。4.D。本题考查“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构，base...on...表示“把……建立在……基础上”，所以用onwhichtobase，选D。5.C。主语thethreestudents和judge之间是被动关系，且动作已完成，用过去分词作状语，所以选C。6.B。nor表示“也不”，位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，所以选B。7.A。isolated表示“孤立的，偏远的”，作后置定语，修饰thehouse，所以选A。8.D。provided表示“假如，如果”，引导条件状语从句，所以选D。9.B。mindone'sdoingsth.表示“介意某人做某事”，delaydoingsth.表示“推迟做某事”，所以选B。10.C。with+宾语+宾语补足语，seat是及物动词，常用beseated表示“就座”，所以用seated作宾语补足语，选C。11.A。findsth.beingdone表示“发现某物正在被……”，玉米是被种植，所以选A。12.D。wouldrathersb.didsth.表示“宁愿某人做某事”，用一般过去时表虚拟，所以选D。13.B。until表示“直到……为止”，not...until...表示“直到……才……”，所以选B。14.B。underthreat表示“处于威胁之下”，所以选B。15.B。itmaybe+一段时间+before...表示“可能要过多久才……”，所以选B。16.B。what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，所以选B。17.C。“腿部肌肉”用mylegmuscles表示，所以选C。18.C。“最常见的三种方式”用thethreemostcommonmeans表示，所以选C。19.A。inthat表示“因为，在于”，引导原因状语从句，所以选A。20.B。breakout表示“爆发”，常指火灾、战争等，所以选B。二、阅读理解21.C。根据第一段可知，Holm