2026年宁夏单招装备制造大类专业英语词汇题

2026年宁夏单招装备制造大类专业英语词汇题一、单项选择（共20题，每题1分，计20分）要求从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。1.TheCNCmachinerequiresprecise______toensuretheaccuracyofparts.A.adjustmentB.operationC.maintenanceD.measurement2.Intheworkshop,the______isresponsibleforinspectingthequalityoffinishedproducts.A.supervisorB.mechanicC.inspectorD.engineer3.Thistypeofweldingmachineissuitableforhigh-temperature______materials.A.castingB.forgingC.processingD.fabricating4.Thelatheisusedtoshapemetalpartsthrough______.A.cuttingB.bendingC.grindingD.drilling5.A______isadevicethatautomaticallycontrolsthemovementofmachinetools.A.motorB.latheC.CNCsystemD.drillpress6.Thehardnessofsteelcanbeimprovedbyadding______elements.A.carbonB.siliconC.manganeseD.alloftheabove7.The______ensuresthatthemachinetoolmovessmoothlyduringoperation.A.lubricantB.coolantC.sealantD.gasket8.InCNCprogramming,the______commandisusedtomovethetooltoaspecificposition.A.G00B.G01C.G02D.G039.The______isatoolusedtomeasurethethicknessofmaterials.A.caliperB.micrometerC.verniergaugeD.spiritlevel10.The______isamechanicaldevicethatconvertsrotationalmotionintolinearmotion.A.gearB.camC.leadscrewD.pulley11.The______processisusedtoremoveexcessmaterialfromaworkpiece.A.castingB.forgingC.machiningD.bending12.The______isatypeoffastenerusedtojointwoormorepartstogether.A.boltB.screwC.rivetD.nail13.The______isadevicethatmeasurestemperatureinindustrialenvironments.A.thermometerB.pyrometerC.hygrometerD.barometer14.The______isatypeofbearingthatallowsrotationwithminimalfriction.A.ballbearingB.rollerbearingC.sleevebearingD.thrustbearing15.The______isamaterialusedtoprotectmachineryfromoverheating.A.insulatorB.conductorC.resistorD.capacitor16.The______isaprocessusedtojoinmetalpartsusinghigh-pressureheat.A.solderingB.brazingC.weldingD.fusing17.The______isatypeofsealusedtopreventfluidleakageinmachinery.A.gasketB.O-ringC.sealantD.flange18.The______isatoolusedtocutthreadsinmetalparts.A.tapB.dieC.reamerD.broach19.The______isatypeofjointusedtoconnectpipesortubes.A.elbowB.teeC.couplingD.flange20.The______isasafetydevicethatstopsthemachineincaseofanemergency.A.brakeB.clutchC.flywheelD.governor二、完形填空（共10题，每题2分，计20分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案。TheCNC(ComputerNumericalControl)machineisahighlyadvancedpieceofequipmentusedinmodernmanufacturing.Itoperatesbasedonprogrammedinstructionstoperformprecisecutting,drilling,orshapingtasks.The______(21)ofaCNCmachineincludesacontrolunit,motors,andtoolholders.Thecontrolunitprocessesinputdatatoguidethemachine'smovement,ensuringhighaccuracy.TooperateaCNCmachine,theoperatormustfirstcreateaprogramusingspecializedsoftware.Thisprogramspecifiesthe______(22)ofthetool,thespeed,andthepathitshouldfollow.Oncetheprogramisloaded,themachinebeginsexecutingthetasksautomatically.The______(23)ofthemachineiscriticaltoitsperformance,asevenminorerrorscanleadtodefectiveparts.CNCmachinesarewidelyusedinindustriessuchasaerospace,automotive,andelectronicsduetotheirabilitytoproducecomplexshapeswithhighprecision.They______(24)reducehumanerrorandincreaseproductionefficiency.However,maintainingaCNCmachinerequiresregular______(25)toensureoptimalperformance.Thisincludescleaningthemachine,replacingworn-outparts,andcalibratingthecontrolsystem.ModernCNCmachinesalsoincorporateadvancedsafetyfeaturestoprotectoperators.Forexample,the______(26)systemautomaticallystopsthemachineifitdetectsanabnormalcondition.Additionally,theuseofsensorshelpsmonitorthe______(27)ofthecuttingtool,preventingsuddenbreakdowns.Inconclusion,theCNCmachineisavitaltoolinmodernmanufacturing.Itsprecision,efficiency,andversatilitymakeitindispensableinindustriesthatdemandhigh-quality,complexparts.Withproperoperationandmaintenance,CNCmachinescan______(28)significantimprovementsinproductionprocesses.The______(29)ofCNCtechnologyhasalsoledtothedevelopmentofmoresophisticatedmachinetools.Thesenewmachinescanperformmultipletaskssimultaneously,further______(30)manufacturingproductivity.Astechnologycontinuestoevolve,theroleofCNCmachinesinindustrywillonlycontinuetogrow.21.A.structureB.componentC.designD.function22.A.coordinatesB.speedC.directionD.path23.A.accuracyB.precisionC.reliabilityD.efficiency24.A.helpB.allowC.enableD.require25.A.inspectionB.repairC.maintenanceD.operation26.A.safetyB.protectiveC.emergencyD.control27.A.wearB.conditionC.statusD.performance28.A.achieveB.bringC.provideD.result29.A.adoptionB.developmentC.improvementD.innovation30.A.increaseB.enhanceC.improveD.boost三、词汇匹配（共15题，每题2分，计30分）将下列词汇（1-15）与其对应的中文解释（A-O）匹配。1.lathe2.CNC3.welding4.gear5.bearing6.motor7.calibration8.inspection9.thread10.sealant11.lubricant12.casting13.forging14.sensor15.precisionA.用于连接两个旋转轴的机械部件B.通过高温和压力将金属部件连接在一起的过程C.用于测量和调整设备精度的过程D.旋转机械中减少摩擦的装置E.通过模具将熔融金属倒入模具中制成的零件F.用于切割金属零件的旋转工具G.用于驱动机械运动的设备H.用于防止流体泄漏的材料I.在金属零件上切割螺旋槽的过程J.通过压力将金属塑性变形以形成所需形状的过程K.精确度极高的制造工艺L.用于减少机械部件摩擦的材料M.计算机数字控制，一种自动化制造技术N.对产品或设备进行质量检查的过程O.用于加工旋转轴的机床四、翻译填空（共5题，每题3分，计15分）将下列句子翻译成英语，并将空格填写完整。1.这台机床的主轴转速可达8000转/分钟。Thespindlespeedofthismachinetoolcanreach______(31)______(32)______perminute.2.工厂采用先进的焊接技术来提高产品质量。Thefactoryusesadvanced______(33)____________toimproveproductquality.3.操作员需要定期检查CNC机器的精度。Theoperatorneedstocheckthe______(34)______oftheCNCmachineregularly.4.这个零件是用铝制成的，具有良好的耐腐蚀性。Thispartismadeofaluminum,whichhasgood______(35)____________.5.为了防止机器过热，必须在冷却系统中添加合适的冷却液。Topreventthemachinefromoverheating,appropriate______(36)____________mustbeaddedtothecoolingsystem.五、句子改错（共10题，每题2分，计20分）下列句子中各有一处错误，请指出并改正。1.Themechanicrepairtheengineyesterday.→______(37)____________2.Aprecisionlatheisusedfordrillingholesinmetalparts.→______(38)____________3.Thehardnessofsteelcanbeimprovedbyaddingcarbonelement.→______(39)____________4.TheCNCsystemcontrolthemovementofthemachinetoolautomatically.→______(40)____________5.Thistypeofbearingissuitableforhigh-temperatureworkingcondition.→______(41)____________6.Theoperatormustinputtheprogrambeforethemachinestartworking.→______(42)____________7.Thelubricantisusedtoreducefrictionbetweenmovingparts.→______(43)____________8.Theinspectionofthefinishedproductsisimportantforqualitycontrol.→______(44)____________9.Thesensorisusedtodetectthetemperatureofthecuttingtool.→______(45)____________10.Thethreadontheboltmustbetighttoensureasecureconnection.→______(46)____________答案与解析一、单项选择1.A.adjustment调整2.C.inspector检查员3.B.forging锻造4.A.cutting切割5.C.CNCsystemCNC系统6.D.alloftheabove都包括7.A.lubricant润滑剂8.A.G00快速定位9.B.micrometer千分尺10.C.leadscrew丝杠11.C.mac