旅游基础及英语 9

Unit3

MedicalTourismDestinationsAfterlearningthisunit,youwouldbeableto:﹡knowsomethingaboutatourguide;﹡talkabouttourismindustryanddifferenttypesoftourism;﹡knowtheothersideofMacauasadestinationformedicaltourism;﹡gettoknowMacau’smajortourismcompetitors;﹡getfamiliarwithsometermsinthefieldofmedicaltourism.Warm-upListeningKnowingaTourGuide■WordsandExpressionsheritagen.thehistory,traditions,etc.,ofaparticularcountrythatexistfromthepastandcontinuetobeimportant文化遗产；传统venuen.

theplacewhereapubliceventormeetinghappens集合地点；聚会地点area-specificadj.usedinaspecificarea用于特定区域的initiallyadv.atthebeginning

最初；起初embedv.fixorsetsecurelyordeeply

使深留脑中；使铭记于心ethicn.theprinciplesofrightandwrongthatareacceptedbyanindividualorasocialgroup

伦理；道德规范■Termseducationalestablishment教育机构touristguidequalification导游资格（证书）theEuropeanCommitteeforStandardization欧洲标准委员会culturalandnaturalheritage文化和自然遗产EuropeanFederationofTouristGuideAssociations欧洲的导游协会联合会

Listentothepassageforthreetimes,andfillinthemissinginformationyouhaveheard. Atourguideortouristguideprovidesassistance,informationandcultural,historicalandcontemporaryheritageinterpretationtopeopleonorganizedtours,individualclients,educationalestablishments,atreligiousandhistoricalsites,museumsandatvenuesofothersignificantinterest.Theynormallyhavearecognizednationalor1.

touristguidequalification.TheEuropeanCommitteeforStandardizationdefinitionfor“touristguide”is:Touristguideisthepersonwhoguidesvisitorsinthelanguageoftheirchoiceand2.theculturalandnaturalheritageofanarea,andthetouristguidenormallypossessedanarea-specificqualificationusually3.and/orrecognizedbytheappropriateauthority.InEurope,touristguides(tourguidebeinginitiallyatermprimarilyusedintheUSmarket)are4.theEuropeanFederationofTouristGuideAssociations.Thetouristguidingqualificationisspecificto5.

;insomecasesthequalificationisnational,insomecasesitisbrokenupintoregions.Inallcasesitisembeddedinthe6.

ethicsofthatcountry.TheArtofGuidingisaskill;itistheskillofselectinginformationandvaryingitfordifferentaudiences;itistheskillofpresentingitina7.way;itistheskillofallowingthevisitortoseeandtounderstand;itisaskillwhich,ifwellperformed,isinvisible.SpeakingTasksTypesofTourism■WordsandExpressionsdisposableadj.freeoravailableforuse可任意处理的ecotourismn.

holidaysandtravelthatinvolvecausinglessdamagetotheenvironment生态旅游■Termsup-market高端市场sophisticatedtaste高端的品味pro-poor

tourism扶贫旅游recessiontourism经济衰退旅游（经济衰退时期的低成本高价值的旅游形式）creativetourism创意旅游darktourism黑色旅游（如：波兰的纳粹奥斯威辛集中营旅游）

Workinpairs.Role-playthedialogwithyourpartner.ProfessorGreen,atourismexpertisdiscussingwithoneofhisstudentsLiLiaboutthetourismindustryafterhehasgivenaspeechintheschoollecturehall.LiLi: Thankyou,professor,foryourexcellentspeechanditisreallymarvelousandhelpfulforus!Prof.Green: I’mverygladyoulikeitandyouknowthisismyveryfirsttimetogiveaspeechtocollegestudents inChinaonthetopicoftourism.Itisamazingthatyouareverygoodlistenersandraisedvarious interestingquestions.LiLi: Whileyoualsogaveusverysatisfactoryanswers,butyouseeIstillhavesomequestionstoaskyou andwanttolistentoyourfurtherexplanationsabouttourismindustry!Prof.Green: Goahead,please!LiLi: Justnowyoumentionedrecentdevelopmentintourismandcouldyoupossiblypredictthefutureofit?Prof.Green: Whileitisagreatquestion!AsformeIthinktherehasbeenanup-markettrendinthetourismover thelastfewdecades,especiallyinEurope,whereinternationaltravelforshortbreaksiscommon.Touristshavehighlevelsofdisposableincomeandconsiderableleisuretime,arewelleducated,and havesophisticatedtastes.Thereisnowademandforbetterqualityproducts.LiLi: So,canwesaythequalityoftourismproductwillplayaveryimportantroleinthefuturetourismmarket?Prof.Green: Absolutelyright!LiLi: Couldyougivemesomefurtherexplanationsaboutthetourismproductanddoesithaveveryclose relationshipwiththetypesoftourism?Prof.Green: Itseemsso,becauseitisreallydifficulttodefineacertainkindoftourismproduct,andyouknowwe havetorealizetherearedifferentkindsofgroupsoftourists.LiLi: Iknow,anotherquestionifrelatedwithmypreviousquestion.Howmanykindsofnewtourismare verypopularandattracting?Prof.Green: Youknow“Thereareathousandhamletsinathousandpeople’seyes”.Infact,thereareafewtypes oftourismattractingpeople’smuchattentioninrecentyearsinEuropeancountries,likeecotourism, pro-poor

tourism,recessiontourism,creativetourismanddarktourism,etc..So,tourisminthe futurewillbemoreandmorevarious.LiLi: It’samazingandinteresting!Ok,thankyouverymuchforacceptingmyinterview!ReadingPassageAMacau:ADestinationforMedicalTourism1 NotsolongagoMacauwasasmallcitywithaweakinternationalimage–andthenin2002itsgamingindustry[1]wasliberalizedfroma60-yearmonopoly.Fromthenuntiltheinternationalfinancialcrisisbrokein2009[2],thecityexperiencedanincreaseofmorethan150%InGrossDomesticProduct(GDP)percapita–withtourismandgamingleadingthisgrowth.By2006itsgamblingrevenuehadsurpassedthatofLasVegas,makingMacauoneoftheworld’srichesteconomiesby2007.Today,Macauiswidelyseenasacasinocity,theLasVegasoftheFarEast.However,thispositioningdoesnottellthefullstoryofacitywhichalsoboastsUNESCOheritagestatus,whoseMICE(meetings,incentives,conferencesandevents)industry

israpidlydevelopingandwhichhasauniqueandappealingculturalblendofeastandwest.Macauismuchmorethansimplyacasinocityandhavingrecentlybecomeoneoftheplayersininternationaltourism,thegovernmentofMacauisstronglypromotingthediversificationofitscoreindustries,soastoensurelong-termsustainablegrowth.liberalizev.

allowmorefreedominlaws,systems,oropinions

放宽限制；（使）自由化monopolyn.possessionofsomethingwhichisnotsharedbyothers

垄断；独占surpassv.bebetterthan;exceed超越；胜过casinon.apublicbuildingforgamblingandentertainment

娱乐场；赌场positioningn.

theactofputtingsomethinginacertainplace

配置；定位sustainableadj.capableofbeingmaintained可持续的；能维持的[1]gamingindustry博彩业博彩业是投注社会福利彩票、各种体育彩票、地方发展彩票等的经济活动。也指专门靠博彩来维持增加收入的个人、机构所从事的一种行业，博彩和我们所说的赌博是一种性质。

在我国澳门，博彩业在经济中发挥着重要的作用。博彩业在澳门历史悠久，早在1847年，澳门便颁布法令宣布赌博合法化。澳门有“赌埠”之称，博彩业在澳门历史悠久。[2]…theinternationalfinancialcrisisbrokein20092009年环球金融危机爆发2007~2009年环球金融危机，又称金融海啸、信用危机及华尔街海啸等，是一场在2007年8月9日开始浮现的金融危机。自次级房屋贷款危机爆发后，投资者开始对按揭证券的价值失去信心，引发流动性危机。即使多国中央银行多次向金融市场注入巨额资金，也无法阻止这场金融危机的爆发。直到2008年，这场金融危机开始失控，并导致多间相当大型的金融机构倒闭或被政府接管。Themedicaltourismcontext2

Medicaltourismhasemergedasanewlyidentifiedformofspecialinteresttourisminrecentdecades,althoughthereisnoconsensusonitsdefinitionandcommentatorsusethetermsmedicaltourism

and

healthtourism

interchangeably.Clearly,wecansaythatmedicaltourisminvolvespeopletravelingtoaplaceoutsidetheirusualplaceofresidenceformedicalorhealthcareservicesortreatment.And,infact,longbeforeacademicsdiscussedtheemergenceofmedicaltourism,people,particularlywealthyones,wereaccustomedtotravelforadvancedmedicalservicesparticularlytomoreeconomicallydevelopedcountries(MEDCs).3 Duringrecentyears,anewlistofmedicaltourismdestinationshasemerged,includingArgentina,Brazil,CostRica,Philippines,India,Thailand,Korea,andSouthAfrica,justtonameafew.MostofthehospitalsinsuchplaceshavereceivedaccreditationfromeithertheJointCommissionInternational(JCI),whichhashelpedtoimprovetheirprofessionalreputationaswellastheirtrustworthinessforconsumers.Moreover,mostoftheseplaceshavepackagedtheirmedicalserviceswithtourism,prominentexamplesbeingThailandandSouthAfrica,withtheformerhavingdeveloped‘hospitalresorts’andthelater‘medicalsafaris’.Itseemsthatmedicaltourismholdsmuchdevelopmentpotential,particularlyforlesseconomicallydevelopedcountries.Indeed,theAsiaregionispredictedtoseeadouble-digitannualgrowthrateinitsmedicaltourismindustrybetween2009and2012andresearchbyRNCOS

industryresearchsolutionsexpectsmedicaltourismincomeintheregiontoexceedUS$5billionby2012.identifiedadj.

havingtheindividualcharacteristicsknownorestablished

经鉴定的specialinteresttourism特殊兴趣旅游consensusn.agenerallyacceptedopinionordecisionamongagroupofpeople一致；共识commentatorn.

anexpertwhogivesanopiniononsomething

评论员；解说员medicaltourismandhealthtourism医疗旅游和健康旅游interchangeablyadv.inareplacingorchangingmanner可交换地accreditationn.

theactofgrantingcreditorrecognition认证；委派JointCommissionInternational国际医院认证trustworthinessn.

thetraitofdeservingconfidence可信赖；确实性safarisn.

anoverlandjourney

旅行hospitalresort医院度假村medicalsafaris医疗之旅RNCOS

IndustryResearchSolutionsRNCOS行业研究解决方案(RNCOS是一家行业研究和咨询公司)ThepotentialmarketofmedicaltourisminMacau4

Macauisasmallcityof682070peopleandoccupiesageographicareaof32.9km2.Theliberalizationofitsgamblingindustryin2002transformedthecityandbroughtinmorethan39.4milliontouristsby2019,whiletheIndividualVisitScheme[3](IVS)recentlyintroducedbyMainlandChinahasfurtherboostedtouristarrivals.Todayoverhalf(71%)ofMacau’stouristsarefromthemainland,mostofwhomareinterestedinmedicaltourism.TherestsarefromHongKongandTaiwanofChina.Thecity’sremainingtouristsarecomposedasfollows:Korea,Philippines,Japan,theUnitedStates,Malaysia,Indonesia,Thailand,India,SingaporeandAustralia.5 HongKong,whichmakesupMacau’ssecondlargesttouristsegment,hassuchawell-developedhealthcaresystemthatitisoneofthehealthiestplacedintheworld.Thus,thereislittlelikelihoodthattouristsfromHongKongwillvisitMacauformedialtourism.Incontrast,touristsfromthemainland,whichmakeupmorethan50%ofallincomingtouristsofMacau,arepotentialcustomersformedicaltourismduetofourmajorreasons:theirincreaseindisposableincome;theirrisingconcernforhealthcare;inadequatehealthinsurancecoverage;andtheunderdevelopedfoodanddrugsafety.Asaresultofthesefourfactors,peoplefromthemainlandofChinaaremorelikelythaneverbeforetoseekgoodqualitymedicalservicesoutside.liberalizationn.theactofallowingmorefreedominlaws,systems,oropinions自由化[3]IndividualVisitScheme自由行2003年7月28日，中国内地实施试点个人港澳自由行政策。又称港澳个人游计划，一般简称自由行，是一个容许中国内地居民以个人旅游的方式前往香港和澳门两地旅游的计划。individualadj.asingleperson,especiallywhencomparedtothegrouptowhichhe/shebelongs单独的，独有的segmentn.oneofthepartsintowhichsomethingnaturallydivides部分disposableincome可支配的个人收入inadequateadj.

toolowinqualityortoosmallinamount;notenough

不适当的；不充分的coveragen.

financialprotectionsothatyougetmoneyifsomethingbadhappens

覆盖范围；承保范围underdevelopedadj.

havinglittleornomodernindustry,fewmodernservices,andaweakeconomy

不发达的PositioningMacauasaMedicalTourismDestination?6 ThereseemsacleardemandformedicaltourisminsoutheastAsiaandMacauhasthepotentialandmaybetheincentivetodevelopasoneofthesedestinations.7 TheIVShasboostedthenumbersoftouristsfrommainlandChinatoMacau,sothatbyoverhalfofthecity’s30milliontouristsin2008werefromthemainland.TheenormousdemandinmainlandChinafortrustworthymedicalproductsandservicesandthedevelopmentofMacau’snewmedicalserviceprovidersfollowingthegamblingliberalizationofthecitycreateopportunities.8 Thereare,however,somesignsthattheprivatesectorisrecognizingthemedicaltourismpotentialofthecitywiththedevelopmentoftwolarge-scaleprivateclinics–TheMaloClinic-Spa(MCS)andtheUniversityHospitalofMacauUniversityofScienceandTechnology(must).TheMCSislocatedatVenetian[4],oneofMacau’snewmega-resortsandclaimstobethelargestfacilityofitskindinAsiaofferingawiderangeofmedicalandspaserviceswithateamofover50medicaldoctorsand100spatherapists.TheMUSThospitaloffersbothwesternandChinesemedicine,istargetingbothlocalresidentsandtourists.trustworthyadj.

deservingoftrust,orabletobetrusted

可信赖的theMaloClinic-spa马洛诊所水疗中心theUniversityHospitalofMacauUniversityofScienceandTechnology澳门科技大学的大学医院[4]Venetian威尼斯人度假酒店澳门“威尼斯人”是一个集美食、佳酿、购物、住宿、娱乐及商务于一身的大型综合度假酒店，拥有豪华套房、购物中心、综艺馆、会议场馆，以及富有特色的剧院。mega-resort特大型度假地therapistn.

someoneskilledinatreatment

withaparticulartypeoftherapy临床医学家，康复师9 ThereismarketpotentialforMacautodiversifyitscurrentpositioningasacasinocitytoincludeareputationformedicaltourism.Althoughthecityiscurrentlyenjoyingtremendousprosperitywithhighnumbersofincomingtourists,suchdiversificationofitsdestinationreputationwouldcertainlyofferfurtheropportunitiesforitsalreadyflourishingtourismindustry.Macaushouldnotmissthepotentialtodevelopmedicaltourismandtothisend,investmentinsufficientmedicalservicestogetherwithgovernmentsupportandenablingtourismpoliciesareessentialtocapturetheincreasingnumberoftouristsseekingmedicalservices.ReadingPassageBMacau’sMedicalTourismCompetitors1 TherearethreecitiesorcountrieswhichconstituteMacau’smajorcompetitorsintermsofmedicaltourism,namelyHongKong,Singapore,andThailand.HongKongofChina2 HongKongenjoyssimilarcomparativeadvantagestoMacau.Botharespecialadministrativeregions(特别行政区)ofChina,enjoytheprivilegesoftheIVSpolicy,arelocatedonlyashortdistancefrommainlandChina,andhavesimilarculturalbackgrounds,withCantoneseastheirnativelanguage.Themajordifferencebetweenthetwocitiesliesintheirdegreeofdevelopmentandmedicalcapability.AtpresentHongKonghad13privateand47publichospitals.Inaddition,HongKongtradedevelopmentcouncilhasalsohostedinternationalmedicalappliancefairsformanyyears.3

Againstthisbackground,HongKongseemswellequippedtoout-muscle(v.

在力量上超过)Macauinattractingmedicaltourists.However,therearealsofactorswhichmilitate

against(v.

妨碍；对……产生不利影响)HongKongbecomingamajormedicaltourismdestinationanditsprivateandpublichospitalshavenotmarketedthemselvesinthisway.ThismaybepartlyduetoHongKong’slackoftrainedmedicalstaffastheincreasingdemandonmedicalservicesandtheheavyworkloadinmostpublichospitalshaveledtotheresignation(n.辞职；辞呈)ofsignificantnumbersofmedicalstaff.Takentogetherwiththehealthchallengesposedbythecity’sageingpopulation,theoutbreaksofSARSandH1N1influenzaAin2003and2008respectivelyandanumberofhigh-profilecasesofmedicalnegligence(n.

疏忽；渎职),allthesecircumstanceshavehinderedthedevelopmentofmedicaltourisminHongKongandpresentedanopportunityforMacau.Thailand4 ThailandisakeencompetitoramongstsoutheastAsia’smedicaltourismprovidersandhasmarketeditselfasamedicaltourismdestinationforsometimewithsomehospitalsandtravelagentscooperatingonmedicaltourismpackages.Thecountryhasanumberofinternationallyaccredited(adj.

被认可的)hospitalswhichservetensofthousandsofpatientsannually,manyoftheminternationalpatients.InrecentyearsThailandmovedbeyondbasicbodycheck-upsandhasdevelopedareputationforexpensivepackagessuchashealthscreening(健康普查)andplasticsurgery(整形手术，整容手术),especiallysexreassignmenttherapy(变性治疗).5 Thailand’sstrengthinmedicaltourismisitscompetitivepricing–thus,forexample,thepriceofacomprehensivehealthscreeningpackageinThailandisonlyone-thirdofthepriceofoneinMacauOrHongKong,ataroundus$390.Inaddition,reputablehospitalsinThailandoftenoffertranslatorservices,includingChinese,Japanese,andArabic,andtheThaigovernmenthasrecentlywaived(v.

放弃)thevisafeeforChinesecitizenswhichislikelytoincreasetheflowofChinesetouristsintothecountry.Overall,thenThailandrepresentsakeencompetitorforChinesemedicaltourists,althoughMacauhadthecapabilitytoofferChin