人教版八年级英语下册Unit 2 课时1 Section A 1a-1d 分层作业

Unit2StayHealthy

课时1SectionA(la-ld)分层作业

9作业导航

核心知识速记01基础达标02能力提升|03拓展培优|04思维进阶

基础达标

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一、单词默写。

1._______/,auo,selvz/pron.我们自己2.—____/s"(r)/adj.疼痛的；酸痛的

3._______/Orsot/n.喉咙4._______/'SIAmak-eik/n.胃痛;肚子疼

5._______/'hedeik/n.头痛6._______/'tu：0-eik/n.牙痛

7._______/'bxk-elk/n,背痛；腰痛8._______/kAt/n.&v.割伤;切

【答案】1.ourselves；2.sore；3.throat；4.stomachache：5.headache：6.toothache；7.backache；8.cut；

二、词组默写。

1.胃痛______2.背痛______

3.喉咙痛______4.头痛______

5.牙痛6.割伤自己

7.吃太多8.练习演讲

9.喝足够的水10.摔倒

［答案］1.haveastomachache；2.haveabackache；3.haveasorethroat；4.haveaheadache；5.haveatooth

ache；6.cutoneself；7.cattoomuch；8.practiseone'sspeech：9.drinkenoughwater；10.falldown；

三、根据要求完成句子

1.你怎么了？我头痛。

—I.

2.发生什么事了？我摔倒了，现在背痛。

一9

—IandnowI.

3.她喉咙痛，因为她昨天说话太多了。

Shebecausesheyesterday.

4.他牙痛，因为他吃了太多甜食。

Hebecausehe.

［答案］1.What,swrong/What'sthematter,haveaheadache：2.Whath叩pened,fell,haveabackache：3.has

asorethroat,talkedtoomuch；4.hasatoothache,atetoomanysweetthings；

四、请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。

1.Aftereatingtoomuchspicyfood,hegotast.

2.1felloffmybikeandnowIhaveab.

3.Aftereatingtoomuchspicyfood,hegotaterribles

4.Shehasatandneedstoseeadentist.

5.Becarefulwiththatsharpknife,oryoumightcyourfinger.

【答案】1.sorethroat；2.backache/bruise；3.stomachache；4.toothache；5.cut

能力提升

五、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

I.Runningintheraingavehimabad(cold).

2.Youshouldavoid(drink)coldwaterwithasorethroat.

3.Shehasa(stomach)aftereatingstreetfood.

4.Toomuchscreentimeoftenleadstoa(head).

5.1cul(I)whilecookingyesterday.

【答案】1.cold；2.drinking；3.stomachache；4.headache：5.myself；

六、选词填空。

请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词

为多余项。

healthsavetakesinceconditionquickoverwhenarriveawfulheperhaps

Oneday,Maryhadatoothacheontherightsideofhermouth.Astimewentby,thepaingotworseandshehad

to]somemedicinetohelpherfeelbetter.Thiswentonfbrseveraldaysandthepainstilldidn'tgoaway.Mary

feltvery2andcouldn'tgotoschool.Sohermothertookhertothedentist's（牙医诊所）3.

They4atthedentist'sontime.Shehadn'thadatoothcheck-upforoverthreeyears.Shewasverynervous

5shewenttothedentist's.Thatwaswhyshedidn'tlikegoingtothedentistandhadthisproblem!

ThedentistcheckedMary'steethandfoundthatshehadabaccavity（—洞）.Thedentisttriedto6the

tooth,butsadly,hehadtopull（拔出）itoutbecausethecavitywassobig.ThedentisttoldMaryaboutthe_7

andgotreadytopullthetoothout.Afterthat,thedentisttoldherthatshemustvisit8everysixmonths.Healso

（olcher（obrushherteetheveryday.

9then.Maryhasalwayslookedafterherteethandshealsovisitsthedentistoften.Sheknowshow

importantitistoprotectthe10ofherteeth.Shehasreallylearnedherlesson.

【答案】

I.take2.awful3.quickly4.arrived5.when6.save7.condition8.him9.Since

10.health

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了玛丽因为牙痛去看牙医的经历，以及她从中吸取的教训。

I.句意：随着时间的推移，疼痛加剧，她不得不服用一曲药物来让自己感觉好一些。根据“hadto”和“some

medicine”可■知,此处填动词原形,指“服用药物takemedicine是固定搭配八故填take,

2.句意：玛丽感到非常难受，无法去上学。根据“couldn'tgotoschool”可知，牙痛让她感觉"糟糕”，

awful"糟糕的"符合语境。故填awful。

3.句意：于是她的母亲迅速带她去了牙医诊所。根据“tookheriothedentist、”可知，此处需用副词修饰动

词，quick的副词形式是quickly“迅速地”符合句意。故填quickly。

4.句意：他们准时到达了牙医诊所。根据“atthedentist'sontime”可知,此处指“到达”,arriveat是固定搭

配。时态为〜般过去时，填动词过去式，故填arrived。

5.旬意：当她去看牙医时，她非常紧张。根据“shewentiothedemises''可知，此处需用时间状语从句引导

词when表示“当她去看牙医时候”。故填when。

6.句意:牙医试图挽救这颗牙齿，但遗憾的是不得不拔掉它，因为空腔太大了。根据叮hedentisttriedio...

thetooth,butsadly,hehadtopull（拔出）itout”可知,牙医原本想"挽救"牙齿,save“挽救"符合语境。故填

save。

7.句意:牙医向玛丽说明了情况，并准备拔牙。根据"Thedentist⑹dMaryaboutthe”可知，此处填名词，

condition"状况”符合语境。故填conditiono

8.句意：然后，牙医告诉她必须每六个月去看他一次。根据“visit”和“everysixmonths”可知，此处指“看

牙医”,用代词him指代前文的dentisto故填him。

9.句意：自那以后，玛丽一直注意护理牙齿并经常看牙医。根据“then”可知，考查sincethen“自那以后”,

句首首字母大写。故填Since。

10.句意：她知道保护牙齿健康的重要性。根据“protectthe...ofherteeth”nj■知，此处填名词，health“健康”

符合语境。故填healtho

拓展培优

七、请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E）中选出符合各题意思的首句，选项中有一项是多余选项。

Sometimeswemayhaveafever（发烧）.Anditmakesusmuchmoreworried.Ifwearehavingafever,there

aresomethingsthatwecannotdo.1

Don'tdrinkanydrinks.

“Sodaandcoffeeshouldberefusedwhenyouhaveafever,saysPauline,adoctoraboutfamilymedicine.

Theycancausedehydration（脱水）.

Don'tdoubleuponyourmedicine.

2However,ifyoutaketoomuchmedicine,youmaygetintotrouble.tfcSomcpeopleovertakemedicine

andtheirbodyishurtorevensomeofthemlosetheirlives,“saysDr.Marinov.

Don'tstayhungry.

“Thefeverspeedsupyourmetabolism（新陈代谢）.Youneedevenmoreenergyfiomfood,“saysDr.Marinov.

Beinghungryhasabadinfluenceonyourbodyhealth._3

Don'tforgettodrinkwater.

“Afeverwillquickentherespiratoryrate（呼吸频率），sothereiswaterloss.4Thesewillfinallycause

seriousdehydration.Drinkingenoughwatercansolvetheproblemwell,^^saysRalph,directorofascientific

research.

A.Herearesomeofthemsharedbydoctors.

B.Ifyoueatmorefood,youwillfeelmuchhappier.

C.Rightmedicinedoeshelpwhenyouarehavingafever.

D.Foodallowsyoutohaveenergytofightagainstthefever.

E.Whafsmore,peopleusuallydrinklesswaterduringafever.

【答案】1.A2.C3.D4.E

【解析】

【导语】本文介绍了在发烧期间不宜做的事情。

1.根据“Ifwcarchavingafever,therearcsomethingsthatwccannotdo”可知，如果我们发烧了,有一些事情

是我们不能做的；再结合下文的小标题可推测，空处内容应该引山下文提到的不能做的事情。选项A“以下

是医生们分享的其中一些事情。''符合语境。故选A。

2.根据“However,ifyoutaketoomuchmedicine,youmaygetintotrouble”可知，药不能吃多了。选项C“当你

发烧时，正确的药物确实有帮助。'‘符合语境，故选C。

3.根据“Beinghungryhasabadinfluenceonyourbodyhealth.”nJ知，发烧时你需要从食物中获得更多的能量,

挨饿对身体健康有不良的影响。选项D“食物可以让你有能敢来对•抗发烧。”符合语境，故选D。

4.根据"Afeverwillquickentherespiratoryrate(呼吸频率),sothereiswaterloss”可知，空处内容与水分缺失

有关。选项E”更重要的是，人们通常在发烧时少喝水。”符合语境，故选E。

八、阅读理解，根据表格和短文判断正(T)误(F)。

Whentheweatherchangesalotinspringandfall,it'seasierforpeopletogetsick.Therearemanydifferent

kindsofcoldviruses(病毒).Youneverknowwhichoneyoumaygel.

Whenyouhaveacold,yourbodytriestofightit.Yournosegetsblocked,andyoucan'tbrea:hewell.This

stopsthevirusfromgoingdeeperintoyourbody.Specialcellsinyourbloodthencometoattackthevirusand“cat”

it.

Whenyougetafever,itmeansyourbodyisgettinghotter.Virusesdon'tlikehotplaces.So,thefeverhelps

yourbodykillthevirus.Yourbodyusesfever(owinthefightagainstthecold!

Differentpeoplehavedifferentwaystodealwithcolds.Insomecountries,peoplemaycatchickensoupto

feelbetter.Somepeopletakehotbaths(力先澡)anddrinkwarmwaterormilk.Otherpeopletakemedicinetostop

thefever.

Somescientistssaythatyoudon'tneedtotakemedicineforacommoncold,becauseyourbodycanworkhard

totrytostopthevirusbyitself.

1.Thereisonlyonekindofcoldvirusintheworld.()

2.Virusesgrowbetterinahotenvironmentwhenyouhaveafever.()

3.Somepeopleeatchickensouptofeelbetterwhentheyhaveacold.()

4.Scientistsihink(hattakingmedicineisthebestwaywhenpeoplehaveacold.()

5.Bodiesworkhardtotrytostopviruses

【答案】1.F2.F3.T4.F5.T

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了感冒病毒的多样性、人体对抗感冒的机制以及不同人群应对感冒

的方法。

1.细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Therearemanydifferenlkindsofcoldviruses."可知，感冒病毒有很多种，

不止一种感冒病毒。故选F。

2.推理判断题。根据文章第3段“Virusesdon'likchotplaces.So,thefeverhelpsyourbodykillthevirus.“可

知，病毒不喜欢高温环境，因此发烧有助于身体杀死病毒。可挂知，病毒在发烧的高温环境中生长得不好。

故诜Fo

3.细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Insomecountries,peoplemayeatchickensouptofeelbetter.”可知，有些人

感冒时会喝鸡汤来缓解症状。故选T。

4.推理判断题。根据文章第5段“Somescientistssaythatyoudon'tneedtotakemedicineforacommoncold,

becauseyourbodycanworkhardtotrytostopthevirusbyitself.“可知，一些科学家认为，普通感冒不需要吃

药，因为身体可以自行努力对抗病毒。可推知，科学家并不认为吃药是应对感冒的最佳方式。故选F。

5.细节理解题。根据文章第5段“yourbodycanworkhardtotrytostopthevinisbyitself可知,身体会努力

对抗病毒。故选T。

九、阅读理解。

Johnisaten-year-oldboy.Heenjoyshavingicecreamandcolddrinksinthehoisummer.Oneday,heatetoo

muchice-cream,andthenhehadaseriousstomachacheandbegantohavediarrhea（腹泻）.Whenhewenttothe

hospital,thedoctorgavehimakindofmedicine,andadvisedhimnottohavecolddrinksandfood.Hemustdrink

lotsofwarmwaterandhecan'teatspicy（辛辣的）food.

Herearctheinstructions（说明）ofthemedicine:

Howtouse:Pour1sachet（密封小袋）inio50mlofwarmwater,mixwellandtakeitquickly.

Dosage（剂量）：I.Children:Under1yearold:Take1sachetaday;

1to2yearsold:12sachetsaday;

Overtheageof2:2~3sachetsaday.

2.Adults:3timesaday,1sacheteachtime.

Notes:1.Theeffectofthemedicineusuallylastsforsixhours.

2.Ifyouneedtotakeotherkindsofmedicines,pleasetakethemonehourbeforethisproduct.

3.Pleaseputthisproductinadryplaceandprotectitfromlight.

4.Pleasekeepthisproductoutofthereachofchildren.

Productiondate:October2,2025.

ShelfLife:36months.

1.WhaiwasihemailerwithJohn?

2.Howlongdoestheeffectofthemedicineusuallylast?

A.For3hours.B.For6hours.C.For9hours.D.For12hours.

3.WhatadvicedidthedoeforgiveJahn?

①Don'teatspicyfood.

②Takemoreexercise.

③Drinkmuchwarmwater.

④Don,thavecolddrinksandfood.

A.①②③B.①@④C.①②④D.②③④

4.Whenwillthemedicinebeexpired（过期）？

A.OnOctober2,2026.

B.OnOctober2,2027.

C.OnOctober1,2027

D.OnOctober2,2028.

【答案】1.C2.B3.B4.D

【解析】

【导语】本文讲述了约翰由于乱吃东西胃疼腹泻，医生为他开了药，并详细介绍了服药说明。

1.细节理解题。根据"Oneday,heatetoomuchicc-crcam,andthenhehadaseriousstomachacheandbeganto

havediarrhea（腹泻）可知，他肚子疼并腹泻。故选C。

2.细节理解题。在药品说明的“Notes”部分第一点明确写着“Theeffectofthemedicineusuallylastsfbrsix

hours."，这种药的药效通常持续六小时。故选B.

3.细节理解题。根据“Whenhewenttothehospital,thedoctorgavehimakindofmedicine,andadvisedhimnot

tohavecolddrinksandfood.Hemustdrinklotsofwarmwaterandhecan'teatspicy（辛辣的）fbod.”可知,医生

建议他不要吃冷饮和食物、多喝水以及不要吃辣的食物。①③④符合题意。故选B。

4.推理判断题。根据“Productiondate:October2,2025.”、“ShelfLifb:36months.”可知,生产日期为2025年

10月2日，保质期36个月，所以这药2028年10月2日过期。故选D。

十、完形填空。

Katelovessoccer.Youwillneverknowshehasasthma（哮喘）unlessyouseeherusingherinhaler（吸入器）.

Breathing,asyouknow,isprettyimportantwhenyou're]inthesoccergame.Asthmamakesit2fbr

Katetobreathe.SohowdoesKatedoit?

Katecoughedalotwhenshewas8yearsold.Whenthedoctortoldhershehadasthma,Katedidnotreally

knowwhatit3Butwhenshelearnedwhatitwas,shewasscaredandthoughtshewouldnotbeabletoplay

sports.4,shedidn'thavetostop.

Whensheissick,Katefeelslikenoairwillgothroughordownher5.Shefeelslikeafishoutof6.

Shefollowsthedoctor'ssuggestions.Whenshehastroublebreathing,sheusesherinhaler.Shedoesthisevenin

themiddleofa1game.Becausecoldairwillmakeherasthma8.shewearsaskimask.Themask9

theairbeforeshebreathesit.Ifshestillcan'tbreatheeasily,shewillstopand10.

UIlovesoccerandmyteammates.TheyalwaysaskmeifIamOKJKatesays.

1.A.drawingB.runningC.sittingD.standing

2.A.possibleB.clearC.differentD.hard

3.A.meantB.organizedC.showedD.invited

4.A.ImportantlyB.ReallyC.LuckilyD.Sadly

5.A.stomachB.throatC.headD.foot

6.A.foodB.skyC.waterD.blood

7.A.ping-pongB.volleybelliC.basketballD.soccer

8.A.worseB.betterC.lighterD.more

9.A.warmsB.catchesC.coversD.fills

10.A.getoffB.takeabreakC.haveacoldD.takearisk

【答案】

1.B2.D3.A4.C5.B6.C7.D8.A9.A10.B

【导语】本文主要讲述热爱足球且患哮喘的凯特如何在比赛中应对哮喘，坚持运动并得到队友关心的故事。

1.句意：众所周知，在足球比赛中跑步时，呼吸非常重要。

drawing绘画；running跑步；sitting坐着;standing站立。根据"whenyou're…inthesoccergame”可知,踢

足球时主要动作是“跑步”v故选

2.句意：哮喘使凯特呼吸变得困难。

possible可能的;clear清楚的;different不同的;hard困难的。根据"Asthmamakesit...forKatetobreathe?,

可知，哮喘会导致呼吸困难。故选D。

3.句意：医生告诉她患有哮喘时，凯特并不真正明白这意味着什么。

meant意味着；organized组织；showed展示；invited邀请。根据“Katedidnotreallyknowwhatit...But

whenshelearnedwhatitwas”可知，凯特起初不了解哮喘意味着什么。故选A。

4.句怠：幸运的是，她并不需要停止运动。

Importantly重要地;Really真实地；Luckily幸运地；Sadly悲伤地。根据"Butwhenshelearnedwhatitwas,

shewasscaredandthoughtshewouldnotbeabletoplaysports...shedidn'thavetostop.“可知，不用停止运动

对凯特来说是一件“幸运”的事。故选C。

5.句意：当凯特哮喘发作时，她会感觉空气无法进入或到达她的喉咙。

stomach胃；throat喉咙；head头；foot脚。根据“Whensheissick,Katefeelslikenoairwillgothroughor

downher...”可知，空气主要通过呼吸道，即“喉咙”进入肺部。故选B。

6.句意：她感觉像一条高开水的鱼。

food食物；sky天空；water水;blood血液。根据“Shefeelslikeafishoutof...”可知,"afishou:ofwater”比

喻处境艰难或不适应，与上文呼吸困难的感觉相呼应。故选C。

7.句意：她甚至在足球比赛中使用吸入器。

ping-pong乒乓球;volleyball排球：basketball篮球：soccer足球。根据上文以及“Shedoesthiseveninthe

middleofa…”可知，凯特喜欢踢足球，此处指足球比赛。故选D,

8.句意：因为冷空气会让她的哮喘症状加重，所以她戴上了一个滑雪面罩。

worse更糟；better更好；lighter更轻；more更多。根据“Becausecoldairwillmakeherasthma...”可知，冷空

气常会刺激呼吸道，加重哮喘症状。故选A。

9.句意：这个面罩在她吸入空气前，先将其加热。

warms温暖；catches抓住；covers覆盖；fills填满。根据"shewearsaskimask.Themask...theairbcfbreshe

breathesit.”可知，戴面罩的目的是使吸入的空气变得暖和，以减轻刺激。故选A。

10.句意：如果她仍然呼吸不畅，她会停下来休息一下。

getoff下车；takeabreak休息一下；haveacold感冒；takearisk冒险。根据"Ifshestillcan'tbreatheeasily,

shewillstopand...”可知，呼吸困难时应暂停活动、休息恢复。故选B。

04思维进阶

TheSchoolHealthClubMeeting

Part1:ReadtheNewStory

ItwasMondaymorning.TheSchoolHealthClubwashavingitsweeklymeeting.Fourmemberssharedwhy

theyfellunwell.

1.Leodidn'tlookgood."Ihaveastomachache/'hesaid."Icouldn'thelpmyselfatmycousin'spizzaparty

yesterday.HisEithermadethepizzashimself,andtheywereamazing!''

2.Mayawalkedinslowly,holdingherback."Ihaveabackache,“sheexplained."Ifelloffmyskateboard

yesterday.Iwaspracticinganewtrickbymyselfandlostmybalance.”

3.Samcoveredhischeek."Ihaveaterribletoothache,hegroaned.thinkIatetoomanycandieswhile

studyingbymyselflastnight.Ididn'tevennoticehowmanyIhad!”

4.Linaspokeinawhisper."Ihaveasorethroat,shesaidsoftly.4ipracticedfbrthesingingcompetitionall

bymyselffbrthreehoursyesterdayandforgottodrinkwater.”

Theclubpresidentlistenedcarefully."Remember,everyone,“shesaid,“il'simportanttotakecareof

ourselves.Enjoytreats,butdon'teattoomuch.Havefim,butbesafe.Andalwaysremembertodrinkwater!”

Task1:Fact(F)orOpinion(O)

Readthesentences.WriteFforFactorOforOpinion.

1.Leohasastomachachebecauseheatetoomuchpizza.

2.Pizzaisthemostdeliciousfoodintheworld.

3_Mayafelloffherskateboardwhilepracticinganewtrick.

4.Practicinganewtrickbyyourselfisalwaysdangerous.

5.Samgotatoothachefromeatingtoomanycandies.

6.It'sveryimportantfbreveryonetodrinkenoughwater.

Task2:CompletetheHealthReportTable

UseinformationfromthestorytocompletethetabicabouttheHealthClubmembers.

NameHealthProblemWhalCausedIt?Didtheydoitalone?(Use:myself/yourself...)

Leo1.______AtetoomuchatapizzaHesaidhecouldn'thelp2.______.

party.

MayaBackache3.Felloffher______.Shewaspracticingby4.______.

Sam5.______AtetoomanycandiesHewasstudyingbyhimself.

whilestudying.

LinaSorethroat6.Practiced______